Xuan-Ming Liang, Shi-Wen Chen, Si-He Wang, Zhen-Yuan Gong, Jun Feng, Gang-Feng Wang
{"title":"Adhesive Contact of Elastic Solids with Self-Affine Fractal Rough Surfaces","authors":"Xuan-Ming Liang, Shi-Wen Chen, Si-He Wang, Zhen-Yuan Gong, Jun Feng, Gang-Feng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00461-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00461-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The elastic adhesive contact of self-affine fractal rough surfaces against a rigid flat is simulated using the finite element method. An array of nonlinear springs, of which the force-separation law obeys the Lennard–Jones potential, is introduced to account for the interfacial adhesion. For fractal rough surfaces, the interfacial interaction is generally attractive for large mean gaps, but turns repulsive as the gap continuously shrinks. The interfacial interactions at the turning point corresponding to the spontaneous contact are shown for various surfaces. For relatively smooth surfaces, the probability density distributions of repulsion and attraction are nearly symmetric. However, for rougher surfaces, the simulation results suggest a uniform distribution for attraction but a monotonously decreasing distribution with a long tail for repulsion. The pull-off force rises with increasing ratio of the work of adhesion to the equilibrium distance, whereas decreases for solids with a higher elastic modulus and a larger surface roughness. The current study will be helpful for understanding the adhesion of various types of rough solids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 2","pages":"265 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Asynchronous Variational Integrator for Contact Problems Involving Elastoplastic Solids","authors":"Zongwu Niu, Zixiao Wang, Yongxing Shen","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00456-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00456-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Simulations of contact problems involving at least one plastic solid may be costly due to their strong nonlinearity and requirements of stability. In this work, we develop an explicit asynchronous variational integrator (AVI) for inelastic non-frictional contact problems involving a plastic solid. The AVI assigns each element in the mesh an independent time step and updates the solution at the elements and nodes asynchronously. This asynchrony makes the AVI highly efficient in solving such bi-material problems. Taking advantage of the AVI, the constitutive update is locally performed in one element at a time, and contact constraints are also enforced on only one element. The time step of the contact element is subdivided into multiple segments, and the fields are updated accordingly. During a contact event, only one element involving a few degrees of freedom is considered, leading to high efficiency. The proposed formulation is first verified with a pure elastodynamics benchmark and further applied to a contact problem involving an elastoplastic solid with non-associative volumetric hardening. The numerical results indicate that the AVI exhibits excellent energy behaviors and has high computational efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 2","pages":"305 - 315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139668828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Mixed-Mode Fatigue Crack Propagation Model of Piezoelectric Materials Under Electric Fatigue Loading by the Jk-Integral","authors":"Xianghua Chen, Chunguang Wang, Qun Li","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00455-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00455-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electric fatigue load has a significant effect on the crack propagation behavior and failure life of piezoelectric materials and devices. In this paper, an electrical mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model for piezoelectric materials is proposed based on the piezoelectric <i>J</i><sub><b><i>k</i></b></sub>-integral theory. The crack initiation, propagation, and life prediction criteria of piezoelectric materials under electric fatigue loading are given by this model, and the finite element simulation model is established to study the electrical mixed-mode crack propagation behavior of piezoelectric structures. Meanwhile, the electrical mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model is applied to the fatigue crack propagation behavior of a piezoelectric typical defective structure, the crack–hole interference model. The mixed-mode crack propagation, fatigue life, and the interference behavior between the crack and hole at various hole locations of the crack–hole interference model are well recognized by this model. The crack propagation behavior under different electrical load intensities is also considered. The results show that the hole in front of the crack tip inhibits crack propagation to a certain extent, and the strength of electrical load affects the fatigue life of piezoelectric materials and structures. Therefore, the proposed electrical mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model provides a reference for predicting the mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation behavior and fatigue life of piezoelectric structures under electric fatigue loading.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 4","pages":"634 - 641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Order Two-Scale Asymptotic Paradigm for the Elastodynamic Homogenization of Periodic Composites","authors":"Wei-Zhi Luo, Mu He, Liang Xia, Qi-Chang He","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00444-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00444-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The classical two-scale asymptotic paradigm provides macroscopic and microscopic analyses for the elastodynamic homogenization of periodic composites based on the spatial or/and temporal variable, which offers an approximate framework for the asymptotic homogenization analysis of the motion equation. However, in this framework, the growing complexity of the homogenization formulation gradually becomes an obstacle as the asymptotic order increases. In such a context, a compact, fast, and accurate asymptotic paradigm is developed. This work reviews the high-order spatial two-scale asymptotic paradigm with the effective displacement field representation and optimizes the implementation by symmetrizing the tensor to be determined. Remarkably, the modified implementation gets rid of the excessive memory consumption required for computing the high-order tensor, which is demonstrated by representative one- and two-dimensional cases. The numerical results show that (1) the contrast of the material parameters between media in composites directly affects the convergence rate of the asymptotic results for the homogenization of periodic composites, (2) the convergence error of the asymptotic results mainly comes from the truncation error of the modified asymptotic homogenized motion equation, and (3) the excessive norm of the normalized wavenumber vector in the two-dimensional inclusion case may lead to a non-convergence of the asymptotic results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 1","pages":"124 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong Li, Xianlong Jin, Yongqiang Li, Peizhong Yang
{"title":"Optimization of Band Gap of 1D Elastic Metamaterial Under Impact Load by Regulating Stiffness","authors":"Tong Li, Xianlong Jin, Yongqiang Li, Peizhong Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00451-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00451-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Designing materials that mitigate impacts effectively are crucial for protecting people and structures. Here, a single-resonator metamaterial with negative mass characteristics is proposed for impact mitigation, and numerical analysis of wave propagation shows explicitly how the spring stiffness and number of unit cells influence that mitigation. The results show clearly that a metamaterial with differing microstructural stiffness is better at mitigating the effect of a shock wave than one with a unique stiffness. Also, there is a critical number of unit cells beyond which the shock wave is not attenuated further, but the fabrication complexity increases. In the 40 groups of microstructural regions in this example, the attenuation effect no longer increases when there are more than 35 groups. This work offers guidance for microstructure designs in metamaterials and provides new ideas for using metamaterials to mitigate shock waves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 1","pages":"148 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139102112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced Flexoelectric Response from Functionally Gradient Electrets Undergoing Crumpling Deformation","authors":"Jianhua Ma, Jinrui Xu, Jun Li, Binglei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00453-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00453-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-uniform deformation of the dielectric subjected to external forces can induce the flexoelectric effect, a phenomenon that couples electrical polarization to strain gradients. However, limited by the size effects, flexoelectricity is not significant at the macroscale and only becomes catchable at the microscale and nanoscale. In recent work, we obtained a considerable flexoelectric-like response by crumpling the dielectric embedded with charges, i.e., the electret, which significantly improved the flexoelectric effect at the macroscale. In this work, we further optimize the macroscopic performance of the flexoelectric response by applying gradient treatment to the electret films. Specifically, we analytically derive the electromechanical coupling of crumpled electret films with gradients of different thicknesses, charge densities, and Young’s moduli as key design variables. It is shown that the gradient-oriented electret film can be tuned to nearly five times that of a uniform electret film.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 4","pages":"541 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139102125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Displacement Cascade in Ni-Based Concentrated Solid Solution Alloys","authors":"Chaoquan Zhao, Rongxuan Xie, Chuanlong Xu, Xiaobao Tian, Qingyuan Wang, Wentao Jiang, Haidong Fan","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00445-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00445-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single-phase concentrated solid solution alloys (SP-CSAs), including high-entropy alloys, have received extensive attention due to their excellent irradiation resistance. In this work, displacement cascade simulations are conducted using the molecular dynamics method to study the evolution of defects in Ni-based SP-CSAs. Compared with pure Ni, the NiCr, NiCo, and NiCu alloys exhibit a larger number of Frankel pairs (FPs) in the thermal peak stage, but a smaller number of surviving FPs. However, the NiFe alloy displays the opposite phenomenon. To explain these different observations for NiFe and other alloys, the formation energy and migration energy of interstitials/vacancies are calculated. In the NiFe alloy, both the formation energy and migration energy barrier are higher. On the other hand, in NiCr and other alloys, the formation energy of interstitials/vacancies is lower, as is the migration energy barrier of interstitials. The energy analysis agrees well with previous observations. The present work provides new insights into the mechanism behind the irradiation resistance of binary Ni-based SP-CSAs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 1","pages":"82 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139101905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Method of Polynomial Particular Solutions for Solving Nonlinear Poisson-Type Equations","authors":"Zhile Jia, Yanhua Cao, Xiaoran Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00440-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00440-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, the method of polynomial particular solutions is used to solve nonlinear Poisson-type partial differential equations in one, two, and three dimensions. The condition number of the coefficient matrix is reduced through the implementation of multiple scale technique, ultimately yielding a stable numerical solution. The methodological process can be divided into two main parts: first, identifying the corresponding polynomial particular solutions for the linear differential operator terms in the governing equations, and second, employing these polynomial particular solutions as basis function to iteratively solve the remaining nonlinear terms within the governing equations. Additionally, we investigate the potential improvement in numerical accuracy for equations with singularities in the analytical solution by shifting the computational domain a certain distance. Numerical experiments are conducted to assess both the accuracy and stability of the proposed method. A comparison of the obtained results with those produced by other numerical methods demonstrates the accuracy, stability, and efficiency of the proposed method in handling nonlinear Poisson-type partial differential equations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 1","pages":"155 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139101850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-field Coupled Inverse Hall–Petch Relations for Ferroelectric Nanocrystals","authors":"Xiaodong Zhang, Wei Yan, Xuhui Lou, Yujun Chen, Zhihong Zhou, Qingyuan Wang, Lianhua Ma, Xiaobao Tian","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00449-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00449-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tailoring grain size can improve the strength of polycrystals by regulating the proportion of grains to grain boundaries and the interaction area. As the grain size decreases to the nanoscale, the deformation mechanism in polycrystals shifts from being primarily mediated by dislocations to deformation occurring within the grains and grain boundaries. However, the mechanism responsible for fine-grain strengthening in ferroelectric materials remains unclear, primarily due to the complex multi-field coupling effect arising from spontaneous polarization. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the strengthening mechanism of barium titanate (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>), with extremely fine-grain sizes. This material exhibits an inverse Hall–Petch relationship between grain size and strength, rooting in the inhomogeneous concentration of atomic strain and grain rotation. Furthermore, we present a theoretical model to predict the transition from the inverse Hall–Petch stage to the Hall–Petch stage based on strength variations with size, which aligns well with the simulation results. It has been found that the piezoelectric properties of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub> are affected by polarization domain switching at various grain sizes. This study enhances our understanding of the atomic-scale mechanisms that contribute to the performance evolution of fine-grain nano-ferroelectric materials. It also provides valuable insights into the design of extremely small-scale ferroelectric components.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 1","pages":"139 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139101957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A General Simulation Method for Complex Deformation of Irregular-Shaped Origami Configurations","authors":"Zhaochen Dong, Yichao Zhu, Xu Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10338-023-00443-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-023-00443-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most existing treatments for origami-folding simulations have focused on regular-shaped configurations. This article aims to introduce a general strategy for simulating and analyzing the deformation process of irregular shapes by means of computational capabilities nowadays. To better simulate origami deformation with folding orders, the concept of plane follow-up is introduced to achieve automated computer simulation of complex folding patterns, thereby avoiding intersection and penetration between planes. Based on the evaluation criteria such as the lowest storage energy with tightening and the fastest pace from tightening to unfolding, the optimal crease distribution patterns for four irregular (‘N’-, ‘T’-, ‘O’-, and ‘P’-shaped) origami configurations are then presented under five candidates. When the dimensions of the origami are fixed, it is discovered that simpler folding patterns lead to faster deformation of the origami configuration. When the folding complexity is fixed, higher strain energy results in more rapid origami expansion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"37 1","pages":"90 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139094041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}