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Standardization of the Assessment of Bovine Spermatozoal Abnormalities, in Relation to Fertility, as Part of the Bull Breeding Soundness Examination. 与生育能力有关的牛精子异常评估标准化,作为公牛育种健全性检查的一部分。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_9
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Standardization of the Assessment of Bovine Spermatozoal Abnormalities, in Relation to Fertility, as Part of the Bull Breeding Soundness Examination.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research has determined that the percentage morphologically normal sperm in bulls is highly repeatable and strongly correlated with days to conception and calf output in both dairy and beef herds. Currently, however, standardization of the assessment of morphology between laboratories is lacking, leading to inability of the practitioner to gain meaningful evaluations that relate to bull fertility.Here we outline protocols that permit a standardized approach among laboratories that has been successfully used for 20 years. The scheme includes skill updates and training of laboratory personnel along with annual examination of their work. This results in a reliable analysis and report which is easily interpreted by practitioners and used as part of the standard BBSE.This model has enabled increased accuracy of prognosis for practitioners and is well regarded both in Australia and overseas.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"349-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bull Sperm Abnormalities in Practice. 公牛精子畸形的实践。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_5
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Bull Sperm Abnormalities in Practice.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this chapter we discuss spermatozoal abnormalities which are associated with reduced bull fertility in practice as assessed by published case studies or research experiments. Each abnormality follows the standardized form found in Chap. 9 . An initial summary of the abnormality is given including the suggested tolerated threshold for the abnormality in an ejaculate. This is followed by detail of research into the abnormality and its associated affect upon fertility in the bull. Images of the abnormalities are presented and the reader is further directed to photomicrographs of Chap. 4 where appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"203-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ultrastructure and Composition of Bovine Spermatozoa. 牛精子的超微结构和组成。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_1
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"The Ultrastructure and Composition of Bovine Spermatozoa.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This chapter provides a cytological and compositional evaluation of the various compartments and sub-compartments making up the bull spermatozoon. The intention is to define the sperm head and tail compartments from an ultrastructural perspective and attribute to them their protein constituents gathered from both traditional and modern proteomic approaches. Common to both approaches, the compositional analysis is dependent on the fractionation and isolation of the sperm compartments combined with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and Western blotting to detect the identities of the proteins, and immunocytochemistry to confirm their residency. As will be appreciated, the identity of a particular sperm protein together with its residency provide valuable insights not only into its role, but also to the role of the specific sperm compartment it occupies, in development and/or fertilization. Attention is also given in this chapter to the consequences (on sperm structure and fertility) of inactivating genes that play key roles in sperm formation, especially if their phenotypes appear to match common bull sperm abnormalities. The keywords below cover the sperm head and tail compartments addressed in this chapter.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"1-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photomicrographic Glossary of the Features of Bovine Sperm Cell Abnormalities. 牛精子细胞异常特征的显微摄影术语表。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_4
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Photomicrographic Glossary of the Features of Bovine Sperm Cell Abnormalities.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This chapter is intended to provide an accurate visual description of normal and abnormal bovine sperm morphology as seen under the light microscope. The photographs were taken × 1000 magnification and enlarged × 1.6, unless specified otherwise, using either a) differential interference microscopy (DIC), b) phase contrast microscopy, c) eosin-nigrosin-stained sperm smears, or d) Feulgen stained smears as indicated in the legends.When viewed with a critical eye, there is an extremely wide variation in form and structure within the various categories of sperm cell abnormalities. It would be an impossible and fruitless task to attempt to show every minor variation in appearance of each type. Therefore, a series of photographs has been put together showing the main features of each type of abnormality so that any other deviation observed can easily be recognized as to the category in which it belongs.The nomenclature applied to the various abnormalities is that preferred by us, although generally accepted by other workers. Synonymous nomenclature used by other workers is included in the discussion on interpretation of sperm cell abnormalities in Chapter 5 .</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"165-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: Standardization of the Assessment of Bovine Spermatozoal Abnormalities, in Relation to Fertility, as Part of the Bull Breeding Soundness Examination. 修正:牛精子异常评估标准化,与生育能力有关,作为公牛育种健康检查的一部分。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_10
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Correction to: Standardization of the Assessment of Bovine Spermatozoal Abnormalities, in Relation to Fertility, as Part of the Bull Breeding Soundness Examination.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"C1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing Bovine Male Fertility in a Technological Age. 评估技术时代的牛雄性生育能力。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_7
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Assessing Bovine Male Fertility in a Technological Age.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New and emerging technologies allow for a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of sperm physiology that can be harnessed to improve bull fertility selection. This chapter focuses on (1) the use of conventional and emerging flow cytometry techniques to further enhance functional sperm assessments; (2) new developments in proteomic and metabolomic biomarkers of bull fertility and how they can better inform fertility evaluations; and (3) the use of sperm selection technologies to optimize the fertility outcomes of bulls in artificial insemination service. As our knowledge of sperm physiology continues to expand, technology will allow for a faster translational capacity and continuous development of techniques. The technologies and techniques presented are current tools that can be used to enhance the efficiency, precision and accuracy of bull fertility assessments and better inform herd management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"297-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bovine Sperm Maturation. 牛精子成熟。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_3
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Bovine Sperm Maturation.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On completion of spermatogenesis, testicular spermatozoa appear structurally mature but are infertile and must undergo a sequential maturational process in the epididymis to become motile and acquire fertilizing potential. This chapter provides a cell biological overview of the endocytic and secretory activities, along the extratesticular duct system, that provide appropriate conditions for epididymal maturation of bull spermatozoa. The compartmentalization of the bovine epididymis is illustrated and discussed in terms of epithelial cell types and merocrine and apocrine protein secretions by principal cells that influence maturation. Sequential maturational events are followed with examples, first, of testicular proteins associated with spermatozoa that are endocytosed to form a 'clean slate' and then, of epididymal secretory proteins that recondition the sperm milieu and bind to spermatozoa in order to attain its full fertilization potential. Finally, an assessment is made of the potential contributions to epididymal maturation of some well-characterized and identified secretory proteins that interact with the cytoplasmic membrane of spermatozoa.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"137-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prenatal and Preweaning Environmental Effects upon Pubertal Development and Sperm Production. 产前和断奶前环境对青春期发育和精子产生的影响。
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_8
Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko
{"title":"Prenatal and Preweaning Environmental Effects upon Pubertal Development and Sperm Production.","authors":"Albert Barth, Viv E A Perry, Lauren E Hamilton, Peter Sutovsky, Richard Oko","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This chapter examines the role of early life perturbations upon the developing bull calf. Surprisingly, we observe effects upon sexual development and sperm quality, including sperm morphology, as early as the periconception period (-60 to 23 days post conception). Similarly, during postnatal life (prior to 6mths of age) dietary perturbations retard sexual development and sperm quality. Herein we discuss the ontology of development and examine why these periods of development are fundamental to fertility in the bull. Ultimately, this leads to recommendations for changes to current husbandry protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"240 ","pages":"331-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Telomere Elongation During Pre-Implantation Embryo Development. 胚胎植入前发育过程中的端粒伸长
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_6
Hyuk-Joon Jeon, Mia T Levine, Michael A Lampson
{"title":"Telomere Elongation During Pre-Implantation Embryo Development.","authors":"Hyuk-Joon Jeon, Mia T Levine, Michael A Lampson","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary mechanism of telomere elongation in mammals is reverse transcription by telomerase. An alternative (ALT) pathway elongates telomeres by homologous recombination in some cancer cells and during pre-implantation embryo development, when telomere length increases rapidly within a few cell cycles. The maternal and paternal telomeres in the zygote are genetically and epigenetically distinct, with differences in telomere length and in chromatin packaging. We discuss models for how these asymmetries may contribute to telomere regulation during the earliest embryonic cell cycles and suggest directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"238 ","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
β-Cell Regeneration Is Driven by Pancreatic Plasticity. 胰腺可塑性驱动β细胞再生
4区 生物学
Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_4
Adrián Holguín-Horcajo, Rocio Sancho, Meritxell Rovira
{"title":"β-Cell Regeneration Is Driven by Pancreatic Plasticity.","authors":"Adrián Holguín-Horcajo, Rocio Sancho, Meritxell Rovira","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pancreas has been considered a non-regenerative organ. β cells lost in diabetes are not replaced due to the inability of the pancreas to regenerate. However, ample evidence generated in the last few decades using murine models has demonstrated that the pancreas has a remarkable plasticity wherein differentiated cells can change cell fate toward a β-like cell phenotype. Although this process is observed after using rather artificial stimuli and the conversion efficiency is very limited, these findings have shed some light on novel pathways for β-cell regeneration. In this chapter, we will summarize the different cellular interconversion processes described to date, the experimental details and molecular regulation of such interconversions, and the genomic technologies that have allowed the identification of potential new ways to generate β cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"239 ","pages":"91-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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