Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology最新文献_第10页

What Have We Learned from Animal Models of Endometriosis and How Can We Use the Knowledge Gained to Improve Treatment of Patients? 我们从子宫内膜异位症的动物模型中学到了什么?我们如何利用所获得的知识来改善患者的治疗?

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_6

Philippa T K Saunders

引用次数: 2

Endometriosis-Associated Pain - Do Preclinical Rodent Models Provide a Good Platform for Translation? 子宫内膜异位症相关的疼痛-临床前啮齿动物模型提供了一个很好的翻译平台吗?

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_3

Erin Greaves, Matthew Rosser, Philippa T K Saunders

{"title":"Endometriosis-Associated Pain - Do Preclinical Rodent Models Provide a Good Platform for Translation?","authors":"Erin Greaves, Matthew Rosser, Philippa T K Saunders","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_3","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvic pain is a common symptom of endometriosis. Our understanding of its etiology remains incomplete and medical management is limited by poor translation from preclinical models to clinical trials. In this review, we briefly consider the evidence, or lack thereof, that different subtypes of lesion, extra-uterine bleeding, and neuropathic pathways add to the complex and heterogeneous pain experience of women with the condition. We summarize the studies in rodent models of endometriosis that have used behavioral endpoints (evoked and non-evoked) to explore mechanisms of endometriosis-associated pain. Lesion innervation, activation of nerves by pronociceptive molecules released by immune cells, and a role for estrogen in modulating hyperalgesia are key endometriosis-associated pain mechanisms replicated in preclinical rodent models. The presence of ectopic (full thickness uterus or endometrial) tissue may be associated with changes in the spinal cord and brain, which appear to model changes reported in patients. While preclinical models using rats and mice have yielded insights that appear relevant to mechanisms responsible for the development of endometriosis-associated pain, they are limited in scope. Specifically, most studies are based on models that only resulted in the formation of superficial lesions and use induced (evoked) behavioral 'pain' tests. We suggest that translation for patient benefit will be improved by new approaches including models of ovarian and deep infiltrating disease and measurement of spontaneous pain behaviors. Future studies must also capitalize on new advances in the wider field of pain medicine to identify more effective treatments for endometriosis-associated pain.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"232 ","pages":"25-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38676805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying Mechanisms of Endometriosis-Associated Reduced Fecundity in a Rat Model: Novel Insights toward Understanding Human Infertility. 在大鼠模型中识别子宫内膜异位症相关的生育能力降低的机制:对理解人类不孕症的新见解。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_2

Kathy L Sharpe-Timms, Henda Nabli, Julie A W Stilley

{"title":"Identifying Mechanisms of Endometriosis-Associated Reduced Fecundity in a Rat Model: Novel Insights toward Understanding Human Infertility.","authors":"Kathy L Sharpe-Timms, Henda Nabli, Julie A W Stilley","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_2","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of endometriosis has been known since at least the nineteenth century, yet the lack of understanding of causes of infertility and therefore inadequate treatment approaches in endometriosis creates a significant challenge in reproductive medicine. Women worldwide suffer not only pain and infertility but also economical, societal, and physiological burdens. Studies of reproductive events in women are difficult to conduct due to a host of confounding personal and environmental factors and ethically limited due to the very nature of working with reproductive tissues and cells, especially embryos. Animal models are a viable adjunct to study mechanisms causing human reproductive anomalies and infertility in endometriosis. This chapter discusses reproductive anomalies causing infertility in endometriosis and well-established animal models which help decipher the problems and lead to heretofore unknown nonsurgical, nonhormonal methods to manage endometriosis in women. In addition, studies of effects of developmental exposure to endometriosis are revealing for the first time, in both female and male offspring, transgenerational subfertility in a rat model providing insights into the familial nature of endometriosis and possible epigenetic involvement.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"232 ","pages":"9-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38676804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Endometriosis. 环境内分泌干扰物与子宫内膜异位症。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_4

Jelonia T Rumph, Victoria R Stephens, Anthony E Archibong, Kevin G Osteen, Kaylon L Bruner-Tran

{"title":"Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Endometriosis.","authors":"Jelonia T Rumph, Victoria R Stephens, Anthony E Archibong, Kevin G Osteen, Kaylon L Bruner-Tran","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_4","url":null,"abstract":"As a consequence of industrialization, thousands of man-made chemicals have been developed with few undergoing rigorous safety assessment prior to commercial use. Ubiquitous exposure to these compounds, many of which act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been suggested to be one factor in the increasing incidence of numerous diseases, including endometriosis. Endometriosis, the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus, is a common disorder of reproductive-age women. Although a number of population-based studies have suggested that exposure to environmental EDCs may affect a woman's risk of developing this disease, results of epidemiology assessments are often equivocal. The development of endometriosis is, however, a process occurring over time; thus, a single assessment of toxicant body burden cannot definitively be linked to causation of disease. For this reason, numerous investigators have utilized a variety of rodent models to examine the impact of specific EDCs on the development of experimental endometriosis. These studies identified multiple chemicals capable of influencing physiologic processes necessary for the establishment and/or survival of ectopic tissues in rodents, suggesting that these compounds may also be of concern for women. Importantly, these models serve as useful tools to explore strategies that may prevent adverse outcomes following EDC exposure.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"232 ","pages":"57-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7978485/pdf/nihms-1679893.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38677246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Deciphering the Role of miRNAs in Endometriosis Pathophysiology Using Experimental Endometriosis Mouse Models. 利用实验性子宫内膜异位症小鼠模型解读mirna在子宫内膜异位症病理生理中的作用。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51856-1_5

Ayushi Vashisht, Zahraa Alali, Warren B Nothnick

引用次数: 1

The Origin of a New Progenitor Stem Cell Group in Human Development. 一个新的祖干细胞群在人类发育中的起源。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02050-7_1

Hubert Wartenberg, Andreas Miething, Kjeld Møllgård

引用次数: 0

Mitochondria Inspire a Lifestyle. 线粒体激发一种生活方式。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/102_2018_5

Peter Kramer, Paola Bressan

{"title":"Mitochondria Inspire a Lifestyle.","authors":"Peter Kramer, Paola Bressan","doi":"10.1007/102_2018_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2018_5","url":null,"abstract":"Tucked inside our cells, we animals (and plants, and fungi) carry mitochondria, minuscule descendants of bacteria that invaded our common ancestor 2 billion years ago. This unplanned breakthrough endowed our ancestors with a convenient, portable source of energy, enabling them to progress towards more ambitious forms of life. Mitochondria still manufacture most of our energy; we have evolved to invest it to grow and produce offspring, and to last long enough to make it all happen. Yet because the continuous generation of energy is inevitably linked to that of toxic free radicals, mitochondria give us life and give us death. Stripping away clutter and minutiae, here we present a big-picture perspective of how mitochondria work, how they are passed on virtually only by mothers, and how they shape the lifestyles of species and individuals. We discuss why restricting food prolongs lifespan, why reproducing shortens it, and why moving about protects us from free radicals despite increasing their production. We show that our immune cells use special mitochondria to keep control over our gut microbes. And we lay out how the fabrication of energy and free radicals sets the internal clocks that command our everyday rhythms-waking, eating, sleeping. Mitochondria run the show.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"231 ","pages":"105-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/102_2018_5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36834700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Transmission of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial DNA and Its Implications for Mammalian Reproduction. 功能失调线粒体DNA的传递及其对哺乳动物生殖的影响。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/102_2018_3

Kanokwan Srirattana, Justin C St John

{"title":"Transmission of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial DNA and Its Implications for Mammalian Reproduction.","authors":"Kanokwan Srirattana, Justin C St John","doi":"10.1007/102_2018_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2018_3","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes proteins for the electron transport chain which produces the vast majority of cellular energy. MtDNA has its own replication and transcription machinery that relies on nuclear-encoded transcription and replication factors. MtDNA is inherited in a non-Mendelian fashion as maternal-only mtDNA is passed onto the next generation. Mutation to mtDNA can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects energy production and tissue and organ function. In somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), there is an issue with the mixing of two populations of mtDNA, namely from the donor cell and recipient oocyte. This review focuses on the transmission of mtDNA in SCNT embryos and offspring. The transmission of donor cell mtDNA can be prevented by depleting the donor cell of its mtDNA using mtDNA depletion agents prior to SCNT. As a result, SCNT embryos harbour oocyte-only mtDNA. Moreover, culturing SCNT embryos derived from mtDNA depleted cells in media supplemented with a nuclear reprograming agent can increase the levels of expression of genes related to embryo development when compared with non-depleted cell-derived embryos. Furthermore, we have reviewed how mitochondrial supplementation in oocytes can have beneficial effects for SCNT embryos by increasing mtDNA copy number and the levels of expression of genes involved in energy production and decreasing the levels of expression of genes involved in embryonic cell death. Notably, there are beneficial effects of mtDNA supplementation over the use of nuclear reprograming agents in terms of regulating gene expression in embryos. Taken together, manipulating mtDNA in donor cells and/or oocytes prior to SCNT could enhance embryo production efficiency.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"231 ","pages":"75-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/102_2018_3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36884161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Exogenous Factors May Differentially Influence the Selective Costs of mtDNA Mutations. 外源因素可能对mtDNA突变的选择成本产生不同的影响。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/102_2018_2

Wen C Aw, Michael R Garvin, J William O Ballard

{"title":"Exogenous Factors May Differentially Influence the Selective Costs of mtDNA Mutations.","authors":"Wen C Aw, Michael R Garvin, J William O Ballard","doi":"10.1007/102_2018_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2018_2","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we provide evidence to suggest that the cost of specific mtDNA mutations can be influenced by exogenous factors. We focus on macronutrient-mitochondrial DNA interactions as factors that may differentially influence the consequences of a change as mitochondria must be flexible in its utilization of dietary proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. To understand this fundamental dynamic, we briefly discuss the energy processing pathways in mitochondria. Next, we explore the mitochondrial functions that are initiated during energy deficiency or when cells encounter cellular stress. We consider the anterograde response (nuclear control of mitochondrial function) and the retrograde response (nuclear changes in response to mitochondrial signaling) and how this mito-nuclear crosstalk may be influenced by exogenous factors such as temperature and diet. Finally, we employ Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport system as a case study and discuss the potential role of the dietary macronutrient ratio as a strong selective force that may shape the frequencies of mitotypes in populations and species. We conclude that this underexplored field likely has implications in the fundamental disciplines of evolutionary biology and quantitative genetics and the more biomedical fields of nutrigenomics and pharmacogenomics.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"231 ","pages":"51-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/102_2018_2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36758628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA: An Unappreciated Defiance of a General Rule. mtDNA的双单代遗传:对一般规律的蔑视。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/102_2018_4

Eleftherios Zouros, George C Rodakis

{"title":"Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA: An Unappreciated Defiance of a General Rule.","authors":"Eleftherios Zouros, George C Rodakis","doi":"10.1007/102_2018_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2018_4","url":null,"abstract":"We recount the basic observations about doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) of mtDNA in bivalvian mollusks with an emphasis on those that were obtained from work in Mytilus and appeared after the review by Zouros (Evol Biol 40:1-31, 2013). Using this information, we present a new model about DUI that is a revised version of previously suggested models. The model can be summarized as follows. A Mytilus female either provides its eggs with the \"masculinizing\" factor S and the \"sperm mitochondria binding\" factor Z, or it does not. This property of the female is determined by two nuclear genes, S and Z, that are always in the on/on or the off/off phase. In fertilized eggs without factors S and Z the embryo develops into a female and the sperm mitochondria are randomly dispersed among cells following development. In fertilized eggs with factors S and Z, the first factor causes the cell to become eventually sperm and the second causes the sperm mitochondria to aggregate and anchor to the nuclear membrane by binding to a specific motif of the sperm-derived mtDNA. Factors S and Z are continuously co-synthesized and co-localized in the cell line from the egg to the sperm. The sperm mitochondria of the aggregate escape the mechanism that eliminates the cell's mitochondria before the formation of the sperm. The rescued mitochondria are subsequently packed into five mega-mitochondria in the sperm and are delivered in the egg.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":"231 ","pages":"25-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/102_2018_4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36901729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21