Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology最新文献

Epididymosomes: Composition and Functions for Sperm Maturation. 附睾：附睾：精子成熟的组成和功能

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/102_2024_7

Laura Orama Méar, Pei-Shiue Tsai, Cottrell Tangella Tamessar, John Even Schjenken, Brett Nixon

{"title":"Epididymosomes: Composition and Functions for Sperm Maturation.","authors":"Laura Orama Méar, Pei-Shiue Tsai, Cottrell Tangella Tamessar, John Even Schjenken, Brett Nixon","doi":"10.1007/102_2024_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2024_7","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an overview of literature pertaining to epididymosome origin, composition and their functional significance. Broadly, epididymosomes are defined as extracellular vesicles that are secreted by the epididymal epithelium and thereafter facilitate intercellular communication within the male reproductive tract. Epididymosomes fulfil this communication role via their encapsulation and delivery of a diverse macromolecular payload to recipient cells. This complex cargo includes proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which are delivered to maturing spermatozoa, thereby influencing their viability and function. Additionally, epididymosomes have been implicated in the post-translational modification of intrinsic sperm proteins, protection of sperm from oxidative stress and immune surveillance, and in the transmission of epigenetic information capable of mediating intergenerational effects. Hence, continued research into the biogenesis, cargo composition, and functional significance of epididymosomes holds promise for advancing male reproductive health and fertility treatments.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seminal Vesicle-Derived Exosomes for the Regulation of Sperm Activity. 精囊分泌的外泌体用于调节精子活性

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1007/102_2024_6

Wei-Chao Chang, Sheng-Hsiang Li, Pei-Shiue Tsai

{"title":"Seminal Vesicle-Derived Exosomes for the Regulation of Sperm Activity.","authors":"Wei-Chao Chang, Sheng-Hsiang Li, Pei-Shiue Tsai","doi":"10.1007/102_2024_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2024_6","url":null,"abstract":"The seminal vesicle contributes to a large extent of the semen volume and composition. Removal of seminal vesicle or lack of seminal vesicle proteins leads to decreased fertility. Seminal plasma proteome revealed that seminal fluid contained a wide diversity of proteins. Many of them are known to modulate sperm capacitation and serve as capacitation inhibitors or decapacitation factors. Despite identifying secretory vesicles from the male reproductive tract, such as epididymosomes or prostasomes, isolation, identification, and characterization of seminal vesicle-derived exosomes are still unknown. This chapter aims to review the current understanding of the function of seminal vesicles on sperm physiology and male reproduction and provide ultracentrifugation-based isolation protocols for the isolation of seminal vesicle exosomes. Moreover, via proteomic analysis and functional categorization, a total of 726 proteins IDs were identified in the purified seminal vesicle exosomes fraction. Preliminary data showed seminal vesicle-derived exosomes inhibited sperm capacitation; however, more studies will be needed to reveal other functional involvements of seminal vesicle-derived exosomes on the sperm physiology and, more importantly, how these exosomes interact with sperm membrane to achieve their biological effects.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Telomere Elongation During Pre-Implantation Embryo Development. 胚胎植入前发育过程中的端粒伸长

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_6

Hyuk-Joon Jeon, Mia T Levine, Michael A Lampson

引用次数: 0

β-Cell Regeneration Is Driven by Pancreatic Plasticity. 胰腺可塑性驱动β细胞再生

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_4

Adrián Holguín-Horcajo, Rocio Sancho, Meritxell Rovira

引用次数: 0

Epigenetic Regulation of Pancreas Development and Function. 胰腺发育和功能的表观遗传调控

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_1

Tanya Hans Pierre, Eliana Toren, Jessica Kepple, Chad S Hunter

{"title":"Epigenetic Regulation of Pancreas Development and Function.","authors":"Tanya Hans Pierre, Eliana Toren, Jessica Kepple, Chad S Hunter","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_1","url":null,"abstract":"The field of epigenetics broadly seeks to define heritable phenotypic modifications that occur within cells without changes to the underlying DNA sequence. These modifications allow for precise control and specificity of function between cell types-ultimately creating complex organ systems that all contain the same DNA but only have access to the genes and sequences necessary for their cell-type-specific functions. The pancreas is an organ that contains varied cellular compartments with functions ranging from highly regulated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the β-cell to the pancreatic ductal cells that form a tight epithelial lining for the delivery of digestive enzymes. With diabetes cases on the rise worldwide, understanding the epigenetic mechanisms driving β-cell identity, function, and even disease is particularly valuable. In this chapter, we will discuss the known epigenetic modifications in pancreatic islet cells, how they are deposited, and the environmental and metabolic contributions to epigenetic mechanisms. We will also explore how a deeper understanding of epigenetic effectors can be used as a tool for diabetes therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic and Molecular Amplification of Insulin Secretion. 胰岛素分泌的代谢和分子放大。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_5

Mourad Ferdaoussi

引用次数: 0

Predicting Infertility: How Genetic Variants in Oocyte Spindle Genes Affect Egg Quality. 预测不孕症：卵母细胞纺锤体基因的遗传变异如何影响卵子质量。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_1

Leelabati Biswas, Karen Schindler

{"title":"Predicting Infertility: How Genetic Variants in Oocyte Spindle Genes Affect Egg Quality.","authors":"Leelabati Biswas, Karen Schindler","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_1","url":null,"abstract":"Successful reproduction relies on the union of a single chromosomally normal egg and sperm. Chromosomally normal eggs develop from precursor cells, called oocytes, that have undergone accurate chromosome segregation. The process of chromosome segregation is governed by the oocyte spindle, a unique cytoskeletal machine that splits chromatin content of the meiotically dividing oocyte. The oocyte spindle develops and functions in an idiosyncratic process, which is vulnerable to genetic variation in spindle-associated proteins. Human genetic variants in several spindle-associated proteins are associated with poor clinical fertility outcomes, suggesting that heritable etiologies for oocyte dysfunction leading to infertility exist and that the spindle is a crux for female fertility. This chapter examines the mammalian oocyte spindle through the lens of human genetic variation, covering the genes TUBB8, TACC3, CEP120, AURKA, AURKC, AURKB, BUB1B, and CDC20. Specifically, it explores how patient-identified variants perturb spindle development and function, and it links these molecular changes in the oocyte to their cognate clinical consequences, such as oocyte maturation arrest, elevated egg aneuploidy, primary ovarian insufficiency, and recurrent pregnancy loss. This discussion demonstrates that small genetic errors in oocyte meiosis can result in remarkably far-ranging embryonic consequences, and thus reveals the importance of the oocyte's fine machinery in sustaining life.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Do Environmental Toxicants Affect Oocyte Maturation Via Oxidative Stress? 环境毒物如何通过氧化应激影响卵母细胞成熟？

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_4

Reza Rajabi-Toustani, Qinan Hu, Shuangqi Wang, Huanyu Qiao

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Oocyte mRNA Metabolism: A Key Determinant of Oocyte Developmental Competence. 调节卵母细胞 mRNA 代谢：卵母细胞发育能力的关键决定因素

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_2

Alison F Ermisch, Jennifer R Wood

{"title":"Regulation of Oocyte mRNA Metabolism: A Key Determinant of Oocyte Developmental Competence.","authors":"Alison F Ermisch, Jennifer R Wood","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55163-5_2","url":null,"abstract":"The regulation of mRNA transcription and translation is uncoupled during oogenesis. The reason for this uncoupling is two-fold. Chromatin is only accessible to the transcriptional machinery during the growth phase as it condenses prior to resumption of meiosis to ensure faithful segregation of chromosomes during meiotic maturation. Thus, transcription rates are high during this time period in order to produce all of the transcripts needed for meiosis, fertilization, and embryo cleavage until the newly formed embryonic genome becomes transcriptionally active. To ensure appropriate timing of key developmental milestones including chromatin condensation, resumption of meiosis, segregation of chromosomes, and polar body extrusion, the translation of protein from transcripts synthesized during oocyte growth must be temporally regulated. This is achieved by the regulation of mRNA interaction with RNA binding proteins and shortening and lengthening of the poly(A) tail. This chapter details the essential factors that regulate the dynamic changes in mRNA synthesis, storage, translation, and degradation during oocyte growth and maturation.","PeriodicalId":50879,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

β-Cell Heterogeneity and Plasticity. β细胞的异质性和可塑性。

4区生物学

Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62232-8_3

Hyo Jeong Yong, Yue J Wang

引用次数: 0