哺乳动物卵母细胞的 DNA 损伤反应机制

4区 生物学 Q3 Medicine
Fei Sun, Peter Sutovsky, Amanda L Patterson, Ahmed Z Balboula
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引用次数: 0

摘要

DNA 损伤是所有真核细胞面临的重大挑战,会导致突变、基因组不稳定和衰老。在体细胞中,修复受损 DNA 的失败会导致癌症的发生,而在卵细胞中,则会导致卵巢功能障碍和不孕症。细胞对 DNA 损伤的反应需要一系列有序和协调的事件,包括感知 DNA 损伤、激活 DNA 损伤检查点、染色质相关构象变化、激活 DNA 损伤修复机制和/或启动细胞凋亡级联。本章重点讨论体细胞和哺乳动物卵母细胞如何应对 DNA 损伤。具体来说,我们将讨论完全生长的哺乳动物卵母细胞与体细胞和生长中的卵母细胞在对 DNA 损伤的反应方面如何以及为什么会有巨大差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mechanisms of DNA Damage Response in Mammalian Oocytes.

DNA damage poses a significant challenge to all eukaryotic cells, leading to mutagenesis, genome instability and senescence. In somatic cells, the failure to repair damaged DNA can lead to cancer development, whereas, in oocytes, it can lead to ovarian dysfunction and infertility. The response of the cell to DNA damage entails a series of sequential and orchestrated events including sensing the DNA damage, activating DNA damage checkpoint, chromatin-related conformational changes, activating the DNA damage repair machinery and/or initiating the apoptotic cascade. This chapter focuses on how somatic cells and mammalian oocytes respond to DNA damage. Specifically, we will discuss how and why fully grown mammalian oocytes differ drastically from somatic cells and growing oocytes in their response to DNA damage.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
0.00%
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期刊介绍: "Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology" presents critical reviews on all topical fields of normal and experimental anatomy including cell biology. The multi-perspective presentation of morphological aspects of basic biological phenomen in the human constitutes the main focus of the series. The contributions re-evaluate the latest findings and show ways for further research.
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