Mathieu Maltais, Yves Rolland, Bruno Vellas, Paul-Emile Haÿ, Didier Armaingaud, Philippe Cestac, Laure Rouch, Matteo Cesari, Philipe de Souto Barreto
{"title":"Effect of Exercise on Behavioral Symptoms and Pain in Patients With Dementia Living in Nursing Homes.","authors":"Mathieu Maltais, Yves Rolland, Bruno Vellas, Paul-Emile Haÿ, Didier Armaingaud, Philippe Cestac, Laure Rouch, Matteo Cesari, Philipe de Souto Barreto","doi":"10.1177/1533317518803773","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518803773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Examine the effects of a 6-month exercise intervention on neuropsychiatric symptoms, pain, and medication consumption in older people with dementia (PWD) living in nursing homes (NH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-one older PWD living in NH performed a 6-month structured exercise intervention (n = 44) or a social activity intervention (n = 47). Neuropsychiatric symptoms were measured by the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), pain was assessed using the Algoplus scale, and dementia-related drug prescriptions were obtained for all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between-group analysis found a nonsignificant difference that could be of clinical relevance: a 4-point difference in the NPI and 1.3-point difference in the reduction of the number of medications favoring exercisers. No significant differences were found for pain, and a trend was found for an increase in medication consumption in the social group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise effects did not differ from social intervention effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms, pain, and medication consumption in older PWD living in NH.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 2","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36542824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marjan Asadollahi, Musa Atazadeh, Maryam Noroozian
{"title":"Seizure in Alzheimer's Disease: An Underestimated Phenomenon.","authors":"Marjan Asadollahi, Musa Atazadeh, Maryam Noroozian","doi":"10.1177/1533317518813551","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518813551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered as a potential risk factor for the development of seizure due to neurodegeneration and imbalance between stimulatory and inhibitory circuits in the brain. Seizure could occur in any point during the course of AD, and its presentation varies from fluctuation in cognitive domains to more typical seizures. The clinical diagnosis of seizure in patients with dementia may be challenging due to difficulty in history taking and clinical assessment. No paraclinic methods other than electroencephalogram (EEG) could provide arguments for the diagnosis of AD-related seizures (neither imaging modalities nor cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers). Standard 30-minute EEG may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect epileptiform discharges. In the present study, we aim to review different aspects of seizure in AD, including seizure prevalence, risk factors, underlying mechanisms, electroencephalographic findings, clinical presentations, impact of seizures on AD, and treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 2","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36821831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasibility and Impact of a Multicomponent Exercise Intervention in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Flávia Borges-Machado, Óscar Ribeiro, Arnaldina Sampaio, Inês Marques-Aleixo, Joana Meireles, Joana Carvalho","doi":"10.1177/1533317518813555","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518813555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This quasi-experimental, nonrandomized study examined the feasibility and impact of a multicomponent (MT) intervention on 7 community-dwelling individuals diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) at mild to moderate stage. During 6 months, patients with AD and their caregivers were submitted to a biweekly exercise program, including muscle strengthening, aerobics, balance, and postural exercises. The following tests were used: Senior Fitness Test and Incremental Treadmill Test, Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale, Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive, and Quality of Life-Alzheimer's. Attendance and retention mean rates were high (86% and 78%, respectively). No adverse events occurred. Results revealed a significant beneficial effect on cardiorespiratory fitness ( P = .028), upper ( P = .018) and lower ( P = .026) body muscle strength, agility ( P = .018), and ability to perform daily activities ( P = .018). Data suggest that a biweekly MT intervention is feasible to conduct in patients with AD. Findings also suggest a potential positive effect on mitigating cognitive decline and in positively influencing quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 2","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36759483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esra Ates Bulut, Pinar Soysal, Idil Yavuz, Suleyman Emre Kocyigit, Ahmet Turan Isik
{"title":"Effect of Vitamin D on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults: 24-Week Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Esra Ates Bulut, Pinar Soysal, Idil Yavuz, Suleyman Emre Kocyigit, Ahmet Turan Isik","doi":"10.1177/1533317518822274","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518822274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of vitamin D replacement on cognitive function in older adults. A total of 560 patients who underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment including Global cognitive assessment, Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) twice in 6-month period were retrospectively reviewed. Oral cholecalciferol was replaced to patients with vitamin D deficiency routinely. In baseline cognitive scores, BADL-IADL scores were lower in the severe deficiency group than in the deficiency and adequate groups (<i>P</i> < .05). With regard to the relation between changes in cognitive functions, BADL-IADL scores on the 6-month versus baseline, no difference was determined in patients with and without dementia (<i>P</i> > .05). Vitamin D replacement may not improve cognitive performance in older adults, even if vitamin D is raised to adequate level, suggesting that longer term replacement therapy may be needed to improve cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 2","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36869142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tracy Wharton, Daniel Paulson, Kimberly Burcher, Heather Lesch
{"title":"Delirium and Antipsychotic Medications at Hospital Intake: Screening to Decrease Likelihood of Aggression in Inpatient Settings Among Unknown Patients With Dementia.","authors":"Tracy Wharton, Daniel Paulson, Kimberly Burcher, Heather Lesch","doi":"10.1177/1533317518809345","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518809345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For individuals with dementia, disorientation and both external and internal stimuli may trigger behaviors that are difficult to manage or dangerous to health-care providers. Identification of correlational risk factors to aggressive behavior in patients who are unknown to the hospital can allow providers to adapt patient care quickly. Records for patients aged 60+ who spent at least 24 hours at the hospital other than in the psychiatric unit were used (N = 14 080). The first 4000 records and every 10th person who met criteria (N = 5008) were searched for documentation of dementia (n = 505). Logistic regressions and χ<sup>2</sup> tests were used to examine relationships between variables. Recognition of delirium (<i>P</i> = .014, Exp(B) = 2.53), coupled with an existing prescription for antipsychotic medication at intake (<i>P</i> < .001, Exp(B) < 4.37), may be a reliable means of screening for risk and intervening at the earliest possible contact, improving quality of care and safety in acute care for individuals with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 2","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36627228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emre Umucu, Mary Wyman, Beatrice Lee, Megan Zuelsdorff, Susan Flowers Benton, Naomi Nystrom, Sterling C Johnson, Cynthia M Carlsson, Sanjay Asthana, Carey E Gleason
{"title":"Apathy in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease: Psychometric Validation of the Apathy Evaluation Scale.","authors":"Emre Umucu, Mary Wyman, Beatrice Lee, Megan Zuelsdorff, Susan Flowers Benton, Naomi Nystrom, Sterling C Johnson, Cynthia M Carlsson, Sanjay Asthana, Carey E Gleason","doi":"10.1177/1533317518794020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317518794020","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to validate the Apathy Evaluation Scale, self-rated version (AES-S), and assess the severity of apathy in a cognitively healthy middle-aged cohort at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Method: Three hundred and sixteen middle-aged adults were selected to represent a subset of the Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Clinical Core: the Investigating Memory in People At-risk, Causes and Treatments cohort. Results: An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with varimax rotation identified 3 subscales: apathy, disinterest, and social withdrawal factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the EFA findings. Results indicated acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. The AES-S is a reliable instrument to quantify apathy in cognitively healthy middle-aged individuals at risk for AD. Discussion: This study demonstrates the AES-S is a psychometrically sound measurement tool for assessing levels of apathy in a cognitively healthy middle-aged cohort at risk for AD.","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 1","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1533317518794020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36394281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hsin-Yun Liu, Wen-Che Tsai, Ming-Jang Chiu, Li-Yu Tang, Huey-Jane Lee, Yea-Ing L Shyu, Woan-Shyuan Wang
{"title":"Relationships Between Cognitive Dysfunction and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Persons in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey.","authors":"Hsin-Yun Liu, Wen-Che Tsai, Ming-Jang Chiu, Li-Yu Tang, Huey-Jane Lee, Yea-Ing L Shyu, Woan-Shyuan Wang","doi":"10.1177/1533317518813548","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518813548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To examine the relationships between cognitive dysfunction status and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis of a nationwide population-based survey (≥65 years) in Taiwan. The 5-dimension EuroQoL questionnaire (EQ-5D) was completed by 10 013 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; odds ratio = 4.88), very mild dementia (VMD; 7.96), or dementia (32.85) were more likely than those with normal cognition to report self-care problems. Participants with MCI (3.86), VMD (9.26), or dementia (31.61) were more likely to have usual-activity problems, and those with MCI (3.04), VMD (3.82), or dementia (9.23) were more likely to have mobility problems. Participants with MCI (2.10 and 2.14), VMD (2.77 and 2.18), or dementia (3.04 and 3.02) were more likely to report pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dementia was negatively associated with EQ-5D, especially self-care, usual activities, and mobility. Mild cognitive impairment or VMD was also negatively associated, with VMD more negatively associated. Developing interventions for patients with specific cognitive dysfunctions is critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36754661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioannis V Zaganas, Panagiotis Simos, Maria Basta, Stefania Kapetanaki, Symeon Panagiotakis, Irini Koutentaki, Nikolaos Fountoulakis, Antonios Bertsias, George Duijker, Chariklia Tziraki, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Andreas Plaitakis, Dimitrios Boumpas, Christos Lionis, Alexandros N Vgontzas
{"title":"The Cretan Aging Cohort: Cohort Description and Burden of Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Ioannis V Zaganas, Panagiotis Simos, Maria Basta, Stefania Kapetanaki, Symeon Panagiotakis, Irini Koutentaki, Nikolaos Fountoulakis, Antonios Bertsias, George Duijker, Chariklia Tziraki, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Andreas Plaitakis, Dimitrios Boumpas, Christos Lionis, Alexandros N Vgontzas","doi":"10.1177/1533317518802414","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518802414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim was to explore the burden of dementia in the Cretan Aging Cohort, comprised of 3140 persons aged ≥60 years (56.8% women, 5.8 ± 3.3 years formal education, 86.2% living in rural areas) who attended selected primary health-care facilities on the island of Crete, Greece. In the first study phase, a formal diagnosis of dementia had been reached in 4.0% of the participants. However, when selected 505 participants underwent thorough neuropsychiatric evaluation in the second phase of this study (344 with Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] <24 and 161 with MMSE ≥24), and results were extrapolated to the entire cohort, the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment was estimated at 10.8% (9.7%-11.9%) and 32.4% (30.8%-34.0%), respectively. Using both the field diagnostic data and the extrapolated data, the highest dementia prevalence (27.2%) was found in the 80- to 84-year-old group, who also showed the lowest educational level, apparently due to lack of schooling during World War II.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 1","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36529769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale in Turkish Population.","authors":"Gizem Ayan, Ceyda Afacan, Burc Cagrı Poyraz, Onur Bilgic, Suna Avci, Hakan Yavuzer, Mehmet Yuruyen, Deniz Suna Erdincler, Burak Ayan, Alper Doventas","doi":"10.1177/1533317518802449","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518802449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim is to validate Turkish version Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred forty patients (>65 years) were included. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition -V was used in all patients. Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale was applied for 2 days. Results were compared with Mini-Mental State Examination; reliability, validity, and statistical values were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Time validity was verified. Mini-mental state examination was correlated 45.3% in control and 73% in dementia group. Factor weights varied between 0.44 and 0.81; factor construct was verified as 6-item scoring. When 25 was cutoff point, sensitivity was 92.86% and specificity was 92.86%. Content validity index was found to be 100% by 7 specialists. Cronbach α (0.692) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation = 0.987) were determined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (Turkish) is validated and verified as reliable. Test could be applied for 5 minutes approximately; results are not affected by educational status, immigrant status, and language used; however, age and gender have significant effect on results.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36592407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence and Causes of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Population-Based Cohort From Northern Portugal.","authors":"Luis Ruano, Natália Araújo, Mariana Branco, Rui Barreto, Sandra Moreira, Ricardo Pais, Vítor Tedim Cruz, Nuno Lunet, Henrique Barros","doi":"10.1177/1533317518813550","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317518813550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vascular disease may play an important role in the epidemiology of dementia in countries with high stroke incidence, such as Portugal.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence and etiology of cognitive impairment in a population-based cohort from Portugal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals ≥55 years (n = 730) from the EPIPorto cohort were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Those scoring below the age-/education-adjusted cutoff points were further evaluated to identify dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to define its most common causes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six cases of MCI/dementia were identified, corresponding to adjusted prevalences of 4.1% for MCI and 1.3% for dementia. The most common cause of MCI/dementia was vascular (52.8%), followed by Alzheimer's disease (36.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of vascular cognitive impairment in the epidemiology of dementia in Portugal and carry an important public health message regarding its prevention and management, possibly extending to other countries with a high-stroke burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"34 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10852416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36751173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}