American Journal of Human Biology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “The Geographical Distribution of Lactose Tolerance-Associated Alleles 13910*T and 13915*G Is Strongly Linked to Male Founder Events in Eurasia”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70329","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70329","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Grasgruber, P.</span> <span>2026</span>. “ <span>The Geographical Distribution of Lactose Tolerance-Associated Alleles 13910*T and 13915*G Is Strongly Linked to Male Founder Events in Eurasia</span>.” <i>American Journal of Human Biology</i> <span>38</span>, no. <span>5</span>: e70253. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.70253.\u0000 </p><p>In the originally published version, Table 2 values should read as follows.</p><p>Under the heading “13910*T” frequency for Finland is 58.36% (estimated frequency 82.66%).</p><p>Under the heading “13910*T” frequency for Turkey is 9.41%.</p><p>Under the heading “13915*G” frequency for Qatar is 36.03% (estimated frequency 59.08%).</p><p>Under the heading “13915*G” estimated frequency for the United Arab Emirates is 68.92%.</p><p>The supporting information dataset has been updated accordingly.</p><p>The author apologizes for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Exposures Increase the Risk of Anemia Among Reproductive-Age Women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Alfredo J. Rojas Jr,&nbsp;Clark Gray,&nbsp;Brian C. Thiede,&nbsp;Amanda L. Thompson","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70297","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70297","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change is having significant demographic and health impacts on human populations around the world. There is growing empirical evidence about the impacts of climate variability and change on population health, but this work has focused disproportionately on children and aggregate indicators of weight and (or) height. We extend this literature by focusing on a more targeted indicator of health—anemia—among reproductive-age women. To do so, we combine Demographic and Health Surveys data for approximately 1.3 million women (ages 15–49 years) with climate and geographic data to analyze climate's impact on anemia risk. We find that unusually hot and wet conditions increase anemia and that exposure to climate extremes—when temperature and precipitation are well above or below average—has even stronger associations with anemia. Specifically, hot conditions as well as hot-and-dry and hot-and-wet conditions increase the risk of anemia, underlining the importance of temperature as well as combinations of environmental exposures for human health and wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel Effects of Socioeconomic Factors on the Somatic Status of Contemporary Youth Across Russian Regions","authors":"Ainur A. Khafizova,&nbsp;Marina A. Negasheva,&nbsp;Alla A. Movsesian","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70328","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70328","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the role of socioeconomic, demographic, and psychosocial factors in variation in final adult values of key anthropometric indicators, including body height, body weight, BMI, and the index of central adiposity, calculated as waist-to-height ratio, at the interindividual and regional levels among contemporary Russian youth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was based on comprehensive anthropological surveys of urban university students conducted in 2023–2025 in Barnaul, Krasnodar, Moscow, and Petrozavodsk. A total of 1759 participants, including 770 males and 989 females aged 17–25 years, were examined. Environmental factors were characterized using 20 macrolevel proxy variables (socioeconomic, demographic, and psychosocial) from open data sources and six microlevel proxy variables, including SES indicators and psychological characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Correlation and regression analyses showed that interindividual somatic variation was partly accounted for by variables related to family socioeconomic status and psychological factors. In the samples from Moscow and Petrozavodsk, anthropometric traits were associated with trait anxiety. Among males from Krasnodar, associations were found with socioeconomic status indicators, particularly maternal education and family size. Differences between cities in the structure of associations indicate that environmental factors are related to somatic variability in different ways across local contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Macrolevel environmental conditions largely define the context in which microlevel factors operate and may affect individual anthropometric status. Against the background of relatively stable socioeconomic development in the studied regions, the influence of microlevel socioeconomic factors on anthropometric characteristics appears to be weakening, while psychosocial factors are beginning to play a certain role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the 2D:4D Digit Ratio in Women With Fibromyalgia: Traces of Prenatal Hormonal Exposure","authors":"Emel Sabaz Karakeci,&nbsp;Ramazan Fazil Akkoc,&nbsp;Ayse Bicer Alioglu,&nbsp;Feyza Aksu,&nbsp;Ahmet Karatas","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.70327","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome predominantly affecting women, characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment, yet lacks objective diagnostic biomarkers. The 2D:4D digit ratio is considered an indirect marker of prenatal sex hormone exposure, with lower values reflecting greater fetal androgen influence. This study aimed to evaluate the 2D:4D digit ratio in women with fibromyalgia and assess its potential as a noninvasive biomarker.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-seven female fibromyalgia patients (2016 ACR criteria) and 32 age-matched healthy female controls were enrolled. Index and ring finger lengths were measured bilaterally using digital calipers, and group comparisons were performed with Welch's <i>t</i>-test and Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mean age was comparable between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.685). Both the right 2D:4D ratio (0.991 ± 0.031 vs. 1.022 ± 0.016; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; Cohen's <i>d</i> = −1.18) and the left 2D:4D ratio (0.999 [IQR 0.975–1.023] vs. 1.021 [IQR 1.013–1.034]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; Cohen's <i>d</i> = −0.98) were significantly lower in patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women with fibromyalgia exhibit significantly lower 2D:4D digit ratios in both hands compared to healthy controls, with the right hand demonstrating greater discriminative power. These findings suggest an association between digit ratios and fibromyalgia, pointing to potential observational links with prenatal hormonal proxy markers that warrant further mechanistic investigation. The right-hand 2D:4D ratio is simple, painless, and inexpensive to measure, and might therefore be worth exploring as a potential supportive parameter in future research. Larger multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings across different populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajhb.70327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Processes and Resilience Pathways of Sexually and Gender Diverse Communities: A Narrative Review of 15 Years of Evolving Research Priorities and Practices","authors":"Robert-Paul Juster","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sexually and gender diverse (SGD) people in North America have navigated significant sociopolitical shifts that continue to shape their lived experiences. Given the persistent exposure to stigma, SGD communities are disproportionately vulnerable to stress-related health disparities. While sexual and gender minority stress models highlight the detrimental impact of stigma, research also emphasizes the role of protective factors and resilience pathways in mitigating these effects. This narrative review of my research program over the last 15 years explores stress physiology as a potential mechanism linking stigma to long-term health and wellness trajectories among SGD populations. Through a selection of key findings and that of my collaborators, I discuss the physiological underpinnings of stress adaptation among SGD people and our evolving research approaches in partnership with the community. Specifically, my work examines allostatic load, a measure of cumulative physiological “wear and tear” resulting from chronic stress. While our initial work focused on the impacts of marginalization, this work increasingly highlights the strengths and adaptive capacities within SGD communities. By bridging stress physiology with resilience frameworks, we aim to inform interventions that promote health equity and well-being for SGD communities worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajhb.70323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Economic Inequalities and Child Mortality in Pakistan: Evidence From the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18","authors":"Mukhtiar Hussain Ibupoto,&nbsp;Hamadullah Kakepoto","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Child mortality remains a critical public health challenge in Pakistan, where rates persistently exceed regional and global averages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2017–18 (<i>n</i> = 13 558 live births in the 5 years preceding the survey), this study examines how socioeconomic inequalities, measured through maternal education, household wealth, place of residence, and paternal occupation, shape under-five, infant, and neonatal mortality. Discrete-time event-history models and concentration indices are applied to assess both the magnitude of mortality risk and the degree of socioeconomic inequality in its distribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results reveal that children born to mothers with no education face more than three times the under-five mortality risk compared with children of mothers with secondary or higher education (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 2.61–4.49). Household wealth quintile gradients are steep and consistent across all mortality indicators. Concentration indices confirm significant pro-rich inequality in child survival (<i>C</i> = −0.142, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rural children experience substantially higher mortality even after adjustment for compositional factors. These findings underscore the urgency of equity-focused health and education investments in Pakistan and carry broad implications for low- and middle-income countries facing similar structural disadvantages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Morbidity and Adverse Fetal Outcomes in a Prospective North Indian Pregnancy Cohort","authors":"Archna Yadav,&nbsp;Saheli Dey,&nbsp;Priyosmita Das,&nbsp;Naorem Kiranmala Devi,&nbsp;Suniti Yadav,&nbsp;Manju Puri,&nbsp;Kallur Nava Saraswathy","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70324","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70324","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite declining maternal mortality in India, pregnancy-related morbidity remains high, with potential implications for fetal growth and development in a population undergoing rapid epidemiological transition. This study estimated the prevalence of major maternal complications and adverse fetal outcomes and examined their independent and combined associations in a post-pandemic cohort in New Delhi, North India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this prospective cohort study (2023–2025), 1005 pregnant women (≤ 12 weeks gestation) were recruited from a tertiary-care public hospital in New Delhi, North India; 596 (59.3%) were followed to pregnancy outcome. Maternal complications ascertained were gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational hypertension (GHTN), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP), and prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM). Adverse birth outcomes, assessed among live births, comprised preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) while adverse pregnancy outcomes included pregnancy loss and stillbirth. Multivariable logistic regression examined independent and combined associations, adjusting for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), and co-morbid complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pregnancy complications affected 51.3% of women, including GDM (28.7%), GHTN (13.8%), IHCP (13.2%), and PROM (8.9%). IHCP prevalence was nearly three times higher than previous North Indian estimates. Pregnancy loss occurred in 21.1% of women, while adverse birth outcomes were observed in 37.9% of live births, primarily SGA (24.5%) and preterm birth (13.5%). GHTN was the only complication independently associated with adverse birth outcomes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.92; 95% CI 1.12–3.29) and preterm birth (aOR 2.54; 95% CI 1.26–5.14). Coexisting GDM and GHTN markedly amplified risk, with aORs of 2.70 (95% CI 1.17–6.21) for adverse birth outcomes and 4.64 (95% CI 1.74–12.36) for preterm birth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GHTN was the sole independent predictor of adverse fetal outcomes, with risk substantially amplified by coexisting GDM. The unexpectedly high IHCP prevalence warrants multicenter investigation. These findings highlight the importance of maternal health for fetal outcomes and support integrated first-trimester screening for hypertensive and metabolic disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Health Looks Like in Matrilineal Societies of Northeast India?","authors":"Abigail Lalnuneng,&nbsp;Banrida Langstieh,&nbsp;Naorem Kiranmala Devi,&nbsp;Thiyam Seityajit Singh,&nbsp;Roshni Tripathy,&nbsp;Madhurima Samanta,&nbsp;V. Souzhi Pao,&nbsp;Jenny Jami","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70320","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Matrilineal kinship systems are often assumed to confer health advantages, yet their health implications remain poorly understood. We examined the associations between matriliny-related arrangements and nutritional, cardiometabolic, and child health outcomes in Meghalaya, Northeast India. Data from the Meghalaya NFHS-5 included 8802 women, 1409 men, and 5265 children from the Khasi and Garo populations. Matriliny was operationalized using matrilocal residence and female ownership of house and land. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations with nutritional status, central obesity, hypertension, diabetes, anemia, and childhood morbidity. Meghalaya had a higher prevalence of matrilocal residence and female ownership of house and land than most Indian states. Matriliny-related indicators were associated with higher levels of women's empowerment, lower tobacco use, and reduced unhealthy food consumption. Compared with female land ownership, women in households with male and joint land ownership had 2.5-fold and 2.4-fold higher odds of underweight, respectively, while joint land ownership was associated with 42% lower odds of high waist circumference. Joint house ownership was associated with 4.7-fold higher odds of underweight among men and 43% lower odds of diabetes among women. Children living in non-matrilocal and male-owned house had 32% and 38% lower odds of reported sickness, respectively. Hypertension and anemia were independently associated with broader demographic and socioeconomic factors. Matriliny was associated with gendered, outcome-specific patterns of health, with asset ownership central to nutritional security, whereas cardiometabolic and child health outcomes were more consistently associated with broader demographic, socioeconomic, and structural factors, highlighting kinship institutions as consequential but contingent influences on health.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second-To-Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review","authors":"Abdullah Avcı,&nbsp;Emine Kaplan Serin","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70321","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70321","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is considered an indirect marker of prenatal sex hormone exposure and has been investigated as a potential indicator of susceptibility to hormone-related diseases, including breast cancer. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the relationship between the 2D:4D finger ratio and breast cancer risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched without publication year restrictions. Eligible observational studies were selected using predefined PICOS criteria, and methodological quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven observational studies involving 13 556 women (2817 breast cancer cases and 10 739 controls) were included. Most case–control studies reported significantly higher right- and/or left-hand 2D:4D ratios among women with breast cancer than among healthy controls. However, the prospective cohort study reported an association only for the left-hand 2D:4D ratio, whereas the largest multicenter case–control study did not demonstrate a consistent overall association between right- or left-hand 2D:4D ratios and breast cancer risk. Overall, current findings suggest a possible association between higher 2D:4D ratios and breast cancer risk, although substantial heterogeneity exists across studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review suggests that the 2D:4D finger ratio may be associated with breast cancer risk. However, substantial heterogeneity across studies warrants cautious interpretation, and further large prospective studies are needed to clarify its potential role in breast cancer risk assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work-Influenced Circadian Disruption Connected to Disease Risk but Not Microbiomes in a Cohort of Philadelphia Nurses","authors":"Clare Super,&nbsp;Maira Asif,&nbsp;Charlene Compher,&nbsp;Theodore G. Schurr,&nbsp;Morgan K. Hoke","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70314","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70314","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circadian rhythms influence activity cycles in humans, and circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) can negatively impact cardiometabolic disease risk and microbiome composition. This study documented CRD in a sample of nurses in Philadelphia, examining connections between CRD, disease risk, and work environment factors, proposing the concept of work-influenced circadian disruption (WICD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 75 nurses were recruited for the study. Disease risk indicators included triglycerides (TRG), C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), blood pressure (BP), and fecal gut microbiome composition. Surveys recorded CRD via sleep/exhaustion levels, weekly exercise, mealtime timing/length, shift diet, and night shift work. Work environment variables included staff/resources, physician-nurse relations, break times, and patient care assignments. Mixed multiple regression models assessed CRD's associations with cardiometabolic disease risk indicators (H1) and work environment variables (H2). Microbiome similarity by CRD variables was tested using PERMANOVAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lower exercise levels were associated with higher hs-CRP (β = −4.2, <i>p</i> = 0.05), TRG (β = −9.8, <i>p</i> = 0.03), BP (β = −3.6, <i>p</i> = 0.01), and less break time (β = 0.1, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Higher exhaustion was linked to elevated hs-CRP (β = 6.0, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and fewer staff/resources (β = −0.7, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Less mealtime was associated with higher BP (β = −0.2, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and shorter breaks (β = 0.2, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Night shifts were linked to higher BP (β = 6.3, <i>p</i> = 0.01). CRD variables were not significantly associated with microbiome profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CRD is associated with disease risk indicators and with work environment variables but not with microbiome profiles, suggesting these relationships may operate through other pathways. Further studies should explore biobehavioral networks in WICD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13444217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}