American Journal of Human Biology最新文献

{"title":"The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Waist Circumference Among Normal-Weight Individuals in the Peruvian Population: A 3-Year Pooled Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Lorena Saavedra-Garcia,&nbsp;Miguel Moscoso-Porras,&nbsp;Ysabella Benites-Castillo,&nbsp;Luis German-Montejo,&nbsp;Paula Andrea Diaz-Valencia,&nbsp;Noël C. Barengo,&nbsp;Heidi von Harscher,&nbsp;Jamee Guerra Valencia","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24194","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited information is available on the association between depressive symptoms and waist circumference (WC) in individuals with normal weight. This study aimed to analyze the association between depressive symptoms and WC among individuals aged 18 years or older with normal weight in the Peruvian population between 2019 and 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analytical cross-sectional study. Data from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (2019–2021) were analyzed. The sample consisted of 26 933 participants. The outcome variable was WC. The exposure variables included the overall Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score and severity of depressive symptoms. Generalized linear models of the Gaussian family estimated the effects with <i>β</i> coefficients for the associations between WC and depressive symptoms stratified by age and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant inverse association was observed between depressive symptoms and WC in young (&lt; 35 years) individuals of both sexes. In young males, a dose–response relationship emerged, with greater severity of depressive symptoms associated with progressively lower WC. Specifically, inverse associations were found for moderate (<i>β</i> = −1.74, 95% CI: −3.25 to −0.23), moderately severe (<i>β</i> = −2.81, 95% CI: −4.71 to −0.91), and severe (<i>β</i> = −2.75, 95% CI: −5.11 to −0.40) depressive symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among young individuals of both sexes with a normal weight, depressive symptoms were inversely associated with WC. These findings underscore the need for nuanced considerations of age and sex when exploring the interplay of depression and abdominal adiposity in individuals with normal weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation and Ovarian Function in Reproductive-Aged Women","authors":"Anneliese Long,&nbsp;Anne Z. Steiner,&nbsp;Amanda L. Thompson,&nbsp;Hannah R. Jahnke,&nbsp;Benjamin S. Harris,&nbsp;Anne Marie Jukic","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24196","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24196","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammation is a marker of immune activation. Inflammation may have an effect on both ovarian function and luteal function, both essential to pregnancy. High inflammation may also signal dysregulated processes within the ovary, which could be in part measured through Anti-Müllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and inhibin B levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the relationship between inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein, and three biomarkers of ovarian function during the early follicular phase: Anti-Müllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and inhibin B.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Secondary cross-sectional analysis of data and serum obtained in Time to Conceive, a prospective cohort study sample of 843 women attempting pregnancy in central North Carolina from 2008 to 2016. Participants were aged 30 and 44 years, had no history of infertility, endometriosis, or polycystic ovarian syndrome, and were not currently breastfeeding. Serum samples were obtained on days 2, 3, or 4 of the menstrual cycle. C-reactive protein (natural-log transformed), Anti-Müllerian hormone (natural-log transformed), follicle-stimulating hormone (natural-log transformed), and inhibin B (untransformed) were measured in serum. Diminished ovarian reserve was examined dichotomously and defined as an Anti-Müllerian hormone level below 0.7 ng/mL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis included 703 participants with C-reactive protein measured. In an adjusted linear regression model, a 20% increase in C-reactive protein was associated with a 0.57 pg/mL decrease in inhibin B (95% CI: −0.84 to −0.29 pg/mL) and a 0.535% decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone (95% CI: −1.01 to −0.06). Although there was not a significant relationship between Anti-Müllerian hormone and C-reactive protein, a 20% increase in C-reactive protein was associated with a 0.87% increase in Anti-Müllerian hormone (95% CI: −0.27 to 2.01). C-reactive protein was not associated with the odds of diminished ovarian reserve in an adjusted logistic regression model (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.77–1.20).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammation, as measured by C-reactive protein, is associated with early follicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone and inhibin B, although this is not true of AMH. Inflammation may exert an effect on ovarian function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somatic Symptoms Are Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure and Epstein–Barr Virus Antibodies Among Shuar of the Ecuadorian Amazon","authors":"Paula S. Tallman,&nbsp;Rebecca A. Seligman,&nbsp;Felicia C. Madimenos,&nbsp;Melissa A. Liebert,&nbsp;Tara J. Cepon-Robins,&nbsp;J. Josh Snodgrass,&nbsp;Thomas W. McDade,&nbsp;Lawrence S. Sugiyama","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24191","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24191","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study tests the hypothesis that self-reported somatic symptoms are associated with biomarkers of stress, including elevated blood pressure and suppressed immune function, among Shuar adults living in the Ecuadorian Amazon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research was conducted in three Shuar communities in the Upano Valley of the Ecuadorian Amazon and included the collection of biomarkers and a structured morbidity interview. Participants self-reported somatic symptoms such as headaches, body pain, fatigue, and other bodily symptoms. We examined whether the number of somatic symptoms reported was associated with measures of immune (Epstein–Barr virus [EBV] antibodies) and cardiovascular (blood pressure) functioning in 97 Shuar adults (37 women, 60 men; ages 18–65 years). Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationships among somatic symptoms and stress biomarkers, controlling for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), active infection, level of education, and income.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Controlling for relevant covariates, Shuar adults reporting the highest level of somatic symptoms (three symptoms) were more likely to exhibit elevated systolic (<i>β</i> = 0.20, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and diastolic blood pressure (<i>β</i> = 0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.03), in comparison to adults reporting no symptoms. Shuar adults reporting two symptoms, compared to no symptoms, were more likely to exhibit elevated EBV antibody concentrations (<i>β</i> = 0.34, <i>p</i> = &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These preliminary findings demonstrate that somatic symptoms reported by Shuar men and women are associated with physiological measures widely associated with chronic psychosocial stress. These findings complement the cross-cultural literature in medical anthropology documenting the close connection between the expression of somatic symptoms and stressful life circumstances and highlight the important role that human biologists can play in exploring biocultural phenomena.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization and Infectious Disease","authors":"Achsah F. Dorsey","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24197","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24197","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The United Nations currently estimates that over half of the global population has lived in cities since 2017 and that this proportion is continuing to grow, particularly in the Global South. While urbanization is not new, increased population density combined with accelerating rates of (re)emerging and noncommunicable diseases as well as growing economic disparities has created new challenges to human health and well-being. Here, I examine peri-urban communities, peripheral settlements on the edges of urban areas populated by rural people, and argue that these areas are often overlooked, despite becoming increasingly common. Thus, human biologists should move beyond categorizing these spaces as transitional. Using unplanned, peri-urban communities around Lima, Peru as a case study, I detail the complexity of political ecological factors that impact infectious disease risk and rates in peri-urban communities. Using disease mechanisms, I demonstrate the importance of a biocultural approach and a political ecology perspective when investigating infectious disease. I highlight how human biologists and anthropologists are uniquely positioned to explore the heterogeneity of infectious disease patterns and pathways in an increasingly urbanized world.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Latent Class Analysis to Characterize Sickness Signaling in Relation to Familism and Public and Private Religiosity in a Stratified US Sample","authors":"Tanvi Padalkar,&nbsp;Jessica Perrotte,&nbsp;Christopher Dana Lynn,&nbsp;Austin Lee,&nbsp;Aidan Nuttall,&nbsp;Eric C. Shattuck","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24192","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24192","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In response to contracting an infection, individuals usually display a suite of external signs (including sickness behavior) as an outward indication of illness. This context-dependent phenomenon seems to weigh the benefits and costs of eliciting sympathy by indicating sickness versus hiding signs of illness to avoid exposing others to potential infection. In a dynamically social species like humans, non-kin may be as likely to respond to these signs with care as family members, particularly fellow church members. We explore the relative contributions of religiosity and familism in shaping self-reported sickness signaling styles as two dimensions central to human altruism using latent class analysis (LCA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LCA was used to characterize the signaling styles of the study participants. Data come from a large 2018 survey (<i>n</i> = 1259) of sickness and health behaviors among US adults. We used denomination public (church attendance) and private religiosity (time spent in prayer, meditation, etc.) and the God Locus of Health Control scale to assess the impact of God on health. Sickness signaling style was assessed with the SicknessQ and three additional items. Covariates included age, gender, education, and income.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified four classes (Familiar, Moderate, Gregarious, and Stoic) tied to signaling styles. The Familiar Signaling class displayed sickness verbally to familiar others, were the oldest, and were least guided by an internal sense of religion. The Moderate Signaling class was younger and had lower public and private religiosity (except regarding health issues) than the Stoic and Gregarious Signaling classes. The Gregarious class signaled to both close others and strangers and scored highest in familism and religiosity. The Stoic class did not verbally signal but indicated sickness worsening when around both close others and strangers, were less likely to be married or endorse private religiosity, and were least likely to recall recent illness as severe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The signaling classes strongly resembled aspects of the introvert–ambivert–extrovert spectrum. We conclude that variation is important at multiple levels, including personality types, and potentially prevents the loss of immunological diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: The Influences of Religion and Spirituality on Human Biology","authors":"Christopher D. Lynn","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this special issue is to highlight the absence of religion and spirituality in the human biological enterprise. We have assembled a set of articles covering physiology, psychology, cognition, and neurophenomenology. The influences on human biology are diverse, yet many have been historically overlooked, which we hope this special issue takes a large step in remedying. Here, we outline how this issue came together and introduce readers to the articles to follow.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of a Mathematical Model for Predicting Puberty Stage in Boys: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto,&nbsp;Adam Dominic George Baxter-Jones,&nbsp;Ricardo Fernando Arrais,&nbsp;Jenner Christian Veríssimo de Azevedo,&nbsp;Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas,&nbsp;Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco Cabral,&nbsp;Radamés Maciel Vitor Medeiros","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24193","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previously, we developed a mathematical model capable of predicting pubertal development (PD) through seven anthropometric variables, with an accuracy of 75%. We believe that it is possible to develop a similar model that uses fewer anthropometric measurements and provides greater precision.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Develop a mathematical model capable of predicting PD through anthropometric variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated the anthropometric profile and PD by medical analysis in 203 boys (Age = 12.6 ± 2.6). Subsequently, we divided the boys into groups: development (<i>n</i> = 121) and cross-validation (<i>n</i> = 82). Data from the development group were subjected to discriminant analysis to identify which anthropometric indicators would be potential predictors of PD. We subsequently developed an equation based on the indicated indicators and tested its validation using data from the cross-validation group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Discriminant analyses showed that age and sitting-height were the variables with the greatest power to predict PD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Consequently, the mathematical model was developed: Puberty-score = −17.357 + (0.603 × Age [years]) + (0.127 × Sitting-height [cm]). Based on the scores generated, we classified PD into stage-I (score ≤ −1.815), stage-II (score = −1.816 to −0.605), stage-III (score = −0.606 to 0.695), stage-IV (score = 0.696–3.410), and stage-V (score &gt; 3.410). No differences were found between PD assessments performed by doctors and assessments using the mathematical model (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.5). The prediction model showed high agreement (<i>R</i>\u0000 ² = 0.867; CCC = 0.899; ICC = 0.900; Kappa = 0.922; <i>α</i>-Krippendorff = 0.885; Bland–Altman LoAs = −2.0, 2.0; pure error = 0.0009) with accuracy of 82.8% and precision of 82%. Analyses in the cross-validation group confirmed the reliability of the prediction model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The developed mathematical model presents high reliability, validity and accuracy and precision above 80% for determining PD in boys.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stature and Its Association With Physiological Stress Exposure in a Pediatric Autopsy Sample","authors":"Bronwyn Wyatt,&nbsp;Cait McPherson,&nbsp;Lexi O'Donnell","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24190","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24190","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction and Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiencing illnesses or other stressors may disrupt processes of growth and development throughout the different stages of prepubertal development. Stunted stature for age is one potential outcome from such disruption, with both the nature and timing of stressors playing a role in the development of stunting. This study explores whether stress events in utero or during birth, and prepubertal development have an impact on stature, by examining associations between experience of prenatal or birth issues, postnatal stressor exposure by severity, and stature at time-of-death, with the impact of different stress experiences compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A coronial pediatric dataset of individuals aged 0–20.9 years (280 male, 195 female) who died in the state of New Mexico from years 2011 to 2019 was assessed for presence/absence of stunting associated with physiological stress exposure type whilst controlling for low socioeconomic status (as inferred by housing type) and sex using two multiple logistic regression models for ages &lt; 12, and for ages 12+. Broad postnatal condition categories were then investigated, again controlling for socioeconomic status and sex for these two cohorts. A linear regression model was also used to assess relationships between stunting, physiological stress, low socioeconomic status housing, and age-at-death.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For both groups aged &lt; 12 and 12+, experiencing moderate to severe illness prior to 12 years of age increased the odds of being stunted at death. Only experience of prenatal or birth issues was associated with younger age-at-death, but stunting itself was not, potentially reflecting the prolonged exposure to severe stressors necessary for stunted growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of the Heritability of Childhood Height From 560 000 Pairs of Relatives Born Between 1929 and 2004","authors":"Reta Dewau,&nbsp;Aafke Boomsma,&nbsp;Caitlin Doyle,&nbsp;Stephanie Byrne,&nbsp;Elina Hyppönen,&nbsp;Sang Hong Lee,&nbsp;Beben Benyamin","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24188","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24188","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood height is commonly used to measure children's health and nutritional status. It is used to define stunting, where a child is considered stunted if their height is shorter than two standard deviations below the Child Growth Standards median. Studies have shown that genetic and environmental factors contribute to childhood height, so understanding these contributions is important for stunting research. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the contribution of these factors across study designs and ancestries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search found 28 twin and 26 family studies spanning from birth to 17 years. We identified 162 293 twin, 380 195 parent-offspring, and 19 965 sibling pairs born between 1929 and 2004. These datasets were meta-analyzed using a random effects model. The review is registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42023432550).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The estimated heritability (<i>h</i>\u0000 ²) of height from twin design increased from birth to 17 years. For children under 5 years, the estimated heritability was 0.57 (95%CI, 0.52–0.61) for European, 0.48 (0.39–0.57) for Asian, and 0.46 (0.40–0.51) for multi ancestries. Heritability estimated from parent-offspring design was 0.46 (95%CI, 0.28–0.62) at birth and 0.76 (95%CI, 0.70–0.80) at 17 years. Meanwhile, the estimated heritability from sibling design remained constant across ages at 0.70 (95%CI, 0.52–0.83).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The heritability estimates of childhood height were slightly higher in European ancestries, but in general, they did not significantly differ across ancestry groups. While the shared environmental effects on height peak in early childhood, the estimated heritability increase in late teens. Unique environmental factors play a small, but significant role throughout childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrating 50 Years of the Human Biology Association","authors":"William R. Leonard","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24185","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;At the Human Biology Association (HBA) Meetings in March, we will celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Association. To recognize and highlight this anniversary, the &lt;i&gt;American Journal of Human Biology&lt;/i&gt; will feature two important sets of invited contributions this year.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;\u0000 &lt;i&gt;Invited Reviews from the AJHB's Past Editors&lt;/i&gt;\u0000 &lt;/b&gt;. The previous Editors of the journal, Lynnette Sievert, Bob Malina, and Peter Ellison (with co-author Rick Bribiescas), have graciously agreed to contribute review papers on their areas of expertise. I am tremendously grateful to them for sharing their insights into these important contributions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;\u0000 &lt;i&gt;Invited Commentaries on Influential Papers from the AJHB&lt;/i&gt;\u0000 &lt;/b&gt;. I am also inviting prominent authors to write commentaries on some of the most influential papers in the journal's history.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These contributions will span the broad scope of research encompassed by the field of human population biology, including theoretical advancements (Hawkes &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;; Walker et al. &lt;span&gt;2006&lt;/span&gt;), evolutionary/adaptive dimensions of human biology (Bogin and Smith &lt;span&gt;1996&lt;/span&gt;; Aiello and Key &lt;span&gt;2002&lt;/span&gt;; Steegmann, Cerny, and Holliday &lt;span&gt;2002&lt;/span&gt;; Wells &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;; Bigham et al. &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;), insights into human health disparities (Kuzawa and Sweet &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;; Knutson &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;; Martorell &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;; Brewis et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Gravlee &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;), and methodological innovations (Windhager, Schaefer, and Fink &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;; Miller et al. &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Reitsema &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; McDade &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;All of these invited commentaries will be linked to their original papers and will be “Free to Read” when published.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This year also marks a shift in how papers are published in the journal. As with most of Wiley's journals, the &lt;i&gt;AJHB&lt;/i&gt; has transitioned to a “Continuous Model.” With this new model, papers are now published directly into issues when they are ready. Consequently, as Editor I no longer compile each monthly issue; rather, this is handled directly by our production team. Additionally, as of January 2025 (Volume 37, Issue 1), the journal will shift to a standard cover image, rather than one that changes monthly. I am very grateful to Nicky Hawley for providing the lovely photo for our new cover.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This transition eliminates the need for papers to wait in “Early View” before final publication. The new model reflects how our scholarly work is now being accessed and consumed—as individual papers rather than as entire issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The new model will also change how we handle Special Issues. Individual papers for Special Issues will now be published in regular monthly issues as they are ready. The full collection of all papers for a Special Issue will then appear as a “Virtual Special Issue,” posted separately on the","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajhb.24185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}