American Journal of Human Biology最新文献

{"title":"Vaccine Knowledge and Acceptance Among Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherers in Tanzania","authors":"Eric C. Shattuck,&nbsp;Jadyn Forman,&nbsp;Shilpa Shiju,&nbsp;Kristen N. Herlosky,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Mabulla,&nbsp;Alyssa N. Crittenden","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vaccines are highly successful in preventing disease, but misinformation has fueled vaccine hesitancy globally, thereby reducing immunization rates and weakening herd immunity. Vaccine knowledge and hesitancy among hunter-gatherers is a crucial area of research and intervention, as their mobile lifestyle exacerbates other challenges, such as marginalization and medical mistrust.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our exploratory study, we surveyed 91 Hadzabe adults across six camps (mean age = 39, 46% female) about their knowledge of vaccines and their safety and efficacy. Differences between sexes and camps were tested using Fisher's exact tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Half of participants reported not knowing what a vaccine is, while one-third described vaccines as protecting health or preventing disease. About 32% were unsure about vaccine safety, while most Hadzabe adults strongly agreed vaccines are effective (65.3%). A majority (72%) agreed vaccines are important for children, yet only one-third strongly agreed on their importance for adults. More females than males expressed uncertainty about the importance of adult vaccines (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Participants in our sample perceived vaccines as less effective and more safe than the general Tanzanian population, based on 2018 Wellcome data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our sample, results indicate that while Hadzabe participants generally agree that vaccines are important, particularly for children, important gaps in vaccine knowledge remain. There is a clear need to communicate vaccine information to the Hadzabe community in a culturally appropriate manner. Such efforts are critical in safeguarding the health of Indigenous populations experiencing greater market integration, thereby supporting access to vaccines against diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preliminary Investigation of Associations Between Traumatic Events Experienced During Pregnancy and Salivary Diurnal Cortisol Levels of Brazilian Adolescent Mothers and Infants","authors":"Kyle S. Wiley,&nbsp;Gisele Gouveia,&nbsp;Caroline Camilo,&nbsp;Verônica Euclydes,&nbsp;Catherine Panter-Brick,&nbsp;Alicia Matijasevich,&nbsp;Alexandre Archanjo Ferraro,&nbsp;Lislaine Aparecida Fracolli,&nbsp;Anna Maria Chiesa,&nbsp;Euripedes Constantino Miguel,&nbsp;Guilherme V. Polanczyk,&nbsp;Helena Brentani","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interpersonal violence against women is a major global health problem that may have intergenerational effects. This study investigated associations between maternal experiences of interpersonal violence and other traumatic events and maternal and infant salivary diurnal cortisol in a cohort of adolescent mothers in São Paulo, Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescent mothers (14–19 years) participating in a home-visiting intervention were interviewed retrospectively about lifetime and pregnancy violence and trauma exposure. Mothers collected saliva at waking and before bedtime from themselves (<i>n</i> = 23) and their infants (<i>n</i> = 32) at 12 months postpartum. Multivariable regression models were used to examine associations between trauma history variables and salivary diurnal cortisol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adjusting for the intervention group, infant sex, maternal age, non-supplement medication use, and sample collection time, we found that higher-than-average lifetime trauma exposure was associated with maternal evening cortisol (<i>b</i> = 0.472, <i>p</i>-value = 0.028). Lifetime assaultive violence exposure was also associated with maternal evening cortisol (<i>b</i> = 0.196, <i>p</i>-value = 0.02). Maternal exposure to traumatic events in pregnancy was positively associated with bedtime cortisol levels of infants (<i>b</i> = 0.21, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Trauma variables were not associated with maternal or infant morning cortisol levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results suggest that maternal trauma history influences both maternal and infant postnatal cortisol regulation as indexed by evening cortisol levels. These results are consistent with models of fetal programming; however, future studies should investigate potential postnatal psychobiological pathways. Lifetime trauma exposure may also become embedded in the maternal hypothalamic–adrenal–pituitary axis regulation. Future studies are needed to consider other biological pathways in the intergenerational transmission of trauma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Association Between Adherence to 24-h Movement Guidelines and Sociodemographic Factors Among Malaysian Preschoolers: Findings From SEANUTS II Malaysia”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Joan, C., D. Koh, J. E. Wong, I. Khouw, B. K. Poh, and SEANUTS II Malaysia Study Group. 2024. “Association Between Adherence to 24-h Movement Guidelines and Sociodemographic Factors Among Malaysian Preschoolers: Findings From SEANUTS II Malaysia.” <i>American Journal of Human Biology</i> 36, no. 9: e24076. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24076.</p><p>We incorrectly stated the values for variable “Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m²)” in the second part of Table 2 (continued) on the sociodemographic and physical characteristics of subjects. The correct mean BMI is 15.3 kg/m², with a standard error of 0.1. The revised table is shown below.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajhb.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility Behavior in the Context of Polygyny in Pakistan With the Moderating Effect of Household Wealth Status Evidences From Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18","authors":"Athar Ali Shah,&nbsp;Anqi Sang,&nbsp;Mukhtiar Hussain Ibupoto","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fertility and population dynamics in Pakistan play a critical role in shaping the country's socio-economic development. High fertility rates contribute to rapid population growth and pose significant challenges to healthcare, education, and resource management. This study investigates the relationship between polygyny and fertility, with the moderating effect of household wealth status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study utilizes data from the “Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18”. It implies zero-truncated negative binomial regression, interaction effect, marginal analysis, and propensity score matching techniques. The total number of samples size is 50 495 women including 48 699 belonging to polygynous and 1796 with monogamous families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polygynous unions are generally associated with higher fertility rates than their monogamous counterparts, as indicated by an IRR of 1.03 (CI: 1.00–1.05). This finding is further supported by propensity score matching, controlling for household wealth status, education, husband's education, residency, and region. After accounting for these demographic factors, the analysis reveals that polygynous families, on average, have 14% more children than monogamous families. Additionally, the relationship between polygyny and fertility is influenced by household wealth status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the household wealth index typically shows a negative association with fertility, this pattern does not apply to polygynous families, where wealthier households tend to have more children than monogamous ones. This interaction between wealth and polygyny highlights a complex dynamic, suggesting that wealth amplifies fertility within polygynous unions, diverging from the general trend of declining fertility with increasing wealth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Factors Associated With Central Obesity in Schoolchildren in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil: Cross Sectional Panel Study From 2002 to 2019","authors":"Luís César de Medeiros,&nbsp;Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig,&nbsp;Bernardo Paz Barboza,&nbsp;Francisco de Assis Guedes Vasconcelos,&nbsp;Claudia Soar","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the trend and factors associated with central obesity in four cross-sectional panels in schoolchildren aged 7–14 years between 2002 and 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Waist circumference data were used to assess central obesity, and independent variables were gender, age, school shift (morning and afternoon), commuting to school method, mother's schooling, and family income. The chi-square test was used to assess the association between outcome and independent variables, and binary logistic regression was used to assess the predictors of central obesity and the effect size by odds ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 9939 students participated in all years of the research. The prevalence of central obesity was 26.4%, 27.1%, 30.0%, and 32.9% in 2002, 2007, 2013, and 2019, with an increase of ~25% between 2002 and 2019. In the adjusted analysis, schoolchildren assessed in 2019 were more likely to have central obesity at 49% (95% CI: 1.26–1.76), those who commuted passively had a probability of 13% (95% CI: 1.03–1.25) of being centrally obese; females and children aged 11–14 were 14% (95% CI: 0.78–0.94) and 13% (95% CI: 0.78–0.98) less likely to be centrally obese.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings reinforce the need to strengthen and expand public actions and policies that encourage a healthier and active lifestyle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secular Trends in Birth Weight in Chile and Its Regions Between 1990 and 2021","authors":"Manuel Llorca-Jaña,&nbsp;Daniel Morales-Campos","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective is to analyze secular trends in birth weight (BW) for Chile from 1990 to 2021, focusing on the mean BW and low birth weight (LBW) prevalence, and to assess differences across Chilean regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our sample, obtained from the Chilean National Statistics Office, contains information on 7 822 975 births, including the total births that took place in Chile from 1990 to 2021. We calculated mean BW and LBW prevalence at a national and a regional level. We also gathered national aggregates from 1974 to 1989 from secondary sources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At a national level, mean BW increased sharply in Chile from 1983 to 1994 (6%), remained stagnant thereafter, and fell slightly during the last decade and a half. LBW prevalence declined substantially from the mid-1970s to the mid-1990s, from 12% to 5%. It stagnated during the early 1990s, after which there was a small but continuous increase to over 6.5%. Antofagasta is the only outlier: its mean BW and the percentage of LBW are permanently lower and higher, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sharp increase in mean BW from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, together with the declining percentage of LBW from the mid-1970s to the mid-1990s, should be due to the better nutritional status of mothers. The decline in mean BW from the early 2000s (as well as the increasing percentage of LBW) may be due to an increasing proportion of preterm births and the increase in the age of women giving birth. The relatively poor performance of Antofagasta is explained by the region's high altitude, which affected large numbers of the population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximal Fat Oxidation Rate in Healthy Young Adults. Influence of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Level and Sex","authors":"Diego Jaén-Carrillo,&nbsp;Felipe García-Pinillos,&nbsp;Abel Plaza-Florido,&nbsp;Leonardo Riquelme-Sebastián,&nbsp;Iván Fernández-Navarrete,&nbsp;Santiago A. Ruiz-Alias","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the exercise intensity that provokes MFO (FATMAX) are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy young sedentary adults. However, how both cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level and sex influence MFO during exercise and the FATMAX is seldom analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is aimed at determining the influence of CRF and sex on MFO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty healthy young adults (i.e., 12 men and 8 women) completed a graded treadmill protocol to determine MFO, MFO relative to lean mass (MFO_lean), FATMAX and maximum oxygen uptake (VO_2max).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The <i>k</i>-means cluster analysis was used to divide the sample into two different groups for CRF level (56.54 ± 2.54 and 46.94 ± 3.07 mL/kg/min, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, respectively). The high-level group revealed higher MFO relative to lean mass (MFO_lean) (3.34 ± 1.44 and 2.73 ± 0.87 g · min⁻¹ · kg, <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively), and FATMAX in km · h⁻¹ (FATMAX_v) (7.67 ± 0.90 and 7.00 ± 0.97 km · h⁻¹, <i>p</i> = 0.044, respectively) but not for MFO (0.67 ± 0.19 and 0.71 ± 0.20 <i>p</i> = 0.124, respectively). When divided for sex, men exhibited higher values for MFO (0.76 ± 0.21 vs. 0.69 ± 0.19 g · min⁻¹, <i>p</i> = 0.039) and FATMAXv (7.67 ± 0.96 vs. 7.30 ± 0.98 km · h⁻¹, <i>p</i> = 0.036), while women showed higher values for MFO_lean (3.92 ± 1.35 vs. 2.40 ± 0.46 g · min⁻¹ · kg, <i>p</i> = 0.015).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the significant influence of CRF level and sex on MFO and FATMAX, offering valuable insights for tailoring exercise programs and optimizing health and performance interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Social Jetlag Associated With Physical Fitness Among Spanish Adolescents? Insights From the EHDLA Study","authors":"Camila Miño,&nbsp;Antonio García-Hermoso,&nbsp;Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza,&nbsp;Jorge Olivares-Arancibia,&nbsp;Rodrigo Yañéz-Sepúlveda,&nbsp;Daniel Duclos-Bastías,&nbsp;Lee Smith,&nbsp;José Francisco López-Gil","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The misalignment of sleeping times during weekdays/weekends (i.e., social jetlag) is particularly common among adolescents and plausibly associated with their physical fitness. However, literature on this topic is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between social jetlag and physical fitness in Spanish adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A secondary analysis was conducted on cross-sectional data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study among 812 adolescents (54.9% girls) aged 12–17 years from the <i>Valle de Ricote</i> (Region of Murcia, Spain). Social jetlag was calculated from self-reported data on bedtimes and wake times for weekdays and weekends. Physical fitness was evaluated with the Assessing the Levels of PHysical Activity and Fitness (ALPHA-FIT) for children and adolescents and included cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, speed agility, and flexibility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis revealed significant negative associations between worse social jetlag and detrimental overall physical fitness (unstandardized beta coefficient [<i>B</i>] = −0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.09, −0.02; <i>p</i> = 0.002), cardiorespiratory fitness (<i>B</i> = −1.28; 95% CI −2.22, −0.34; <i>p</i> = 0.008), and lower body muscular fitness (<i>B</i> = −2.01; 95% CI −3.90, −0.12; <i>p</i> = 0.038) after the adjustment for potential covariates (age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity level, sedentary behavior, nocturnal sleep duration, energy intake, and body mass index). In contrast with other fitness components, a significant positive association was identified between social jetlag and speed agility (<i>B</i> = 0.07; 95% CI 0.00, 0.14; <i>p</i> = 0.049).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In adolescents, social jetlag is significantly linked to poorer physical fitness, especially for cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-body muscular fitness. Maintaining regular and well-synchronized sleep could be crucial for optimizing physical health and preventing the decline of physical fitness during adolescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the Human Biology Association 49th Annual Meeting, JW Marriott LA Live, Los Angeles, California, March 19th–22nd, 2024","authors":"Tara J. Cepon-Robins","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24203","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can the Urban Lifestyle Impact on Children BMI and Healthy Sleep?","authors":"Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues,&nbsp;Daniela Rodrigues,&nbsp;Augusta Gama,&nbsp;Helena Nogueira,&nbsp;Helder Miguel Fernandes,&nbsp;António Stabelini Neto,&nbsp;Romulo Fernandes,&nbsp;Cristina Padez","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.24210","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.24210","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to (i) compare children's lifestyle by urbanization level and (ii) examine the association between children's body mass index (BMI) and the risk of having unhealthy sleep (American Academy of Pediatrics).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight thousand one hundred fifty-nine children (4124 females) aged 6–9 years were observed and classified as urban or nonurban. Height and weight were measured, and the BMI was calculated. Sleep habits, sedentary behaviors (i.e., TV viewing, computer and electronic games use), and active play were assessed by questionnaire. One-way analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs) and logistic regression analysis were used, with adjustments to potential confounders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urban males were significantly less active and spent more time in all sedentary activities than their nonurban peers during the week and the weekend. Urban girls spent significantly more time than their nonurban counterparts watching TV and playing electronic games. Furthermore, both urban and nonurban children with higher BMI had a relative higher risk of having unhealthy sleep duration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings revealed important associations between BMI and sleep duration in both urban and nonurban children. Place of residence has an important impact on weight status of this sample of children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}