American Journal of Human Biology最新文献

{"title":"An Exploratory Analysis of the Association Between State-Level Urban Sociodemographic Factors and Fetal Death in Mexico","authors":"Hugo Azcorra,&nbsp;Nina Méndez-Dominguez","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite evidence linking urban environments to adverse birth outcomes, fetal death remains insufficiently studied within a biocultural perspective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe geographic patterns of fetal mortality in Mexico and evaluate the association between state-level fetal death rates and sociodemographic indicators of urban environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An exploratory and population-based study that analyzes all cases (116, 250 cases) of fetal deaths in Mexico recorded between 2020 and 2024. Total (TFDR: all gestational ages), early (EFDR: ≤ 27 weeks of gestation), and late (LFDR: &gt; 27 weeks of gestation) fetal death rates were expressed as the number of fetal deaths per 1000 total births. Simple and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association between state-level rate of fetal deaths and the percentage of urban population, population density, income inequality, and crime rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The national TFDR was 12.96 cases per 1000 births. The highest rates were concentrated in the center of the country (Mexico City: 24.98 and the State of Mexico: 20), while the lowest rates were recorded in the south (Oaxaca: 6.24 and Guerrero: 6.70). The simple regressions showed that the percentage of urban population, population density, and crime incidence rate were positively associated with TFDR and EFDR; the multiple regression showed that the percentage of urban population was significantly associated with these outcomes. Crime rate was associated with LFDR in simple and multiple analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recorded fetal death in Mexico shows marked geographic heterogeneity patterned by urban sociodemographic factors that reflect structural stressors and ecological pressures inherent to modern metropolitan life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148077086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148077087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowerment at the Core: Decoding the Determinants of Skilled Birth Attendance in Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Irfan Malik","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajhb.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The maintenance of hygienic conditions and the provision of appropriate medical care during childbirth are essential to reduce the complications and infections that pose health risks to both expectant mothers and their newborn babies. Although skilled birth attendance (SBA) has been very much helpful in reducing the biological risks linked to childbirth, it is pertinent to mention that more than 34% of deliveries in Pakistan continue to take place at home without the proper medical care and supervision.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The main objective of this proposed work is to explore the correlation between women's empowerment characterized by resources, agency, and relational autonomy and access to skilled birth attendance within the reproductive and sociocultural context of Pakistan. This study also considers the influence of various socioeconomic and demographic factors on this correlation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Data and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study utilizes the logistic regression models to estimate average marginal effects, using nationally representative data from currently married women aged 15–49 as mentioned in the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18. This analysis aims to evaluate the relative contributions of different empowerment dimensions, while simultaneously controlling for household and demographic characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women empowerment is a very important part of skilled birth attendance. The relationship between educational empowerment, digital access, specifically ownership of mobile phones and internet usage, and the rejection of norms related to domestic violence substantially enhances the probability of skilled birth attendance. This phenomenon exhibits effects that are comparable to those of conventional determinants, including household wealth and parity. Significant disparities persist in geographic and socio-economic contexts, adversely affecting mothers in Baluchistan, particularly those with larger families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that the empowerment of women within the context of Pakistan's reproductive ecology is essential, rather than ancillary, for reducing biological risks associated with childbirth. It provides comparative insights that are pertinent to the fields of human biology and maternal health research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148077085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148091646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148091647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148122864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148122863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148117816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}