The Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Associated DRD4 7R Allele Predicts Household Economic Status but Not Nutritional Status in Northern Kenyan Rendille Children

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

American Journal of Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.1002/ajhb.70027

Amanda E. Kunkle, Robert L. Tennyson, Katherine Wander, Bettina Shell-Duncan, Dan T. A. Eisenberg

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Around 11% of U.S. children are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One hypothesis for ADHD's relatively high prevalence is that behaviors associated with ADHD were advantageous in past environments where they were positively selected for. A previous study showed that an allele associated with ADHD—the 7R allele of the gene encoding the D(4) dopamine receptor (DRD4)—had a positive effect on the nutritional status of nomadic adult Ariaal men and a negative effect on settled adult men. We attempted to replicate this finding by analyzing the impact of DRD4 7R on children's nutrition and other household metrics in the Rendille, a population closely related to the Ariaal.

Methods

We genotyped 259 Rendille children aged 5–10 years for DRD4 7R and analyzed this against previously collected anthropometric and household data from two Rendille towns. Analyses were pre-registered (https://osf.io/p8yv2/) before the addition of the 7R genotype to the dataset.

Results

DRD4 7R was not associated with iron nutrition, indicated by transferrin receptor (TfR) concentration, height-for-age (HAZ) or weight-for-height Z-scores (WHZ), or with maternal education status. However, DRD4 7R was positively associated with household economic status (p = 0.047).

Conclusions

The failure to replicate an association between DRD4 7R and nutritional status might be due to this sample being of children who are not yet substantially provisioning themselves. Given that children's genotypes are correlated with parents' genotypes, it is likely that the effects of the parents' genotypes, rather than the participating children's, explain the association between children's DRD4 7R genotype and household economic success.

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注意缺陷/多动障碍相关的drd47r等位基因可以预测肯尼亚北部Rendille儿童的家庭经济状况，但不能预测营养状况

大约11%的美国儿童被诊断患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）。ADHD相对较高患病率的一个假设是，与ADHD相关的行为在过去的环境中是有利的，在那里它们是被积极选择的。先前的一项研究表明，与adhd相关的一个等位基因——编码D(4)多巴胺受体（DRD4）的基因的7R等位基因——对游牧成年亚里亚人的营养状况有积极影响，而对定居成年男性的营养状况有消极影响。我们试图通过分析drd47r对Rendille（与Ariaal密切相关的人群）儿童营养和其他家庭指标的影响来复制这一发现。方法对259名5-10岁的Rendille儿童进行drd47r基因分型，并与先前收集的Rendille两个城镇的人体测量和家庭数据进行分析。在将7R基因型添加到数据集之前，对分析进行预注册（https://osf.io/p8yv2/）。结果drd47r与铁营养、转铁蛋白受体（TfR）浓度、年龄身高（HAZ）、体重身高z分数（WHZ）及母亲受教育程度无关。然而，drd47r与家庭经济状况呈正相关（p = 0.047）。未能复制drd47r与营养状况之间的关联可能是由于该样本是尚未基本自给自足的儿童。鉴于儿童的基因型与父母的基因型相关，很可能是父母的基因型的影响，而不是参与的儿童的基因型，解释了儿童的drd47r基因型与家庭经济成功之间的关系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Human Biology 生物-生物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

13.80%

发文量

124

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Human Biology is the Official Journal of the Human Biology Association. The American Journal of Human Biology is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed, internationally circulated journal that publishes reports of original research, theoretical articles and timely reviews, and brief communications in the interdisciplinary field of human biology. As the official journal of the Human Biology Association, the Journal also publishes abstracts of research presented at its annual scientific meeting and book reviews relevant to the field. The Journal seeks scholarly manuscripts that address all aspects of human biology, health, and disease, particularly those that stress comparative, developmental, ecological, or evolutionary perspectives. The transdisciplinary areas covered in the Journal include, but are not limited to, epidemiology, genetic variation, population biology and demography, physiology, anatomy, nutrition, growth and aging, physical performance, physical activity and fitness, ecology, and evolution, along with their interactions. The Journal publishes basic, applied, and methodologically oriented research from all areas, including measurement, analytical techniques and strategies, and computer applications in human biology. Like many other biologically oriented disciplines, the field of human biology has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years, and the expansion of the aims and scope of the Journal is a reflection of this growth and membership diversification. The Journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interest.