American Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Disease Burden, Temporal Trends, and Cross-Country Inequality Associated with Sociodemographic Indicators in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias","authors":"Manqiong Yuan MS ,&nbsp;Lifen Jin MS ,&nbsp;Ya Fang PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The purpose of this article is to describe the global burden and temporal trends of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias from 1990 to 2021 and explore cross-country inequality associated with sociodemographic development-related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and sociodemographic index were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, and other sociodemographic development-related factors, including government expenditure on education (% of GDP), net national income per capita, health expenditure per capita, and fertility rate, were sourced from World Bank Data. Disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias across 204 countries/territories and global age-sex distribution in 2021 were illustrated. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trends of disease burden, and the slope index of inequality and concentration index were calculated to quantify cross-country inequalities. Analyses were conducted in 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant disparities were observed in the numbers, rates, and age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life years across 204 countries/territories. Females demonstrated higher disability-adjusted life year numbers (rates) for all age groups. Age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate increased worldwide and was high in high-middle and middle sociodemographic index regions but increased faster in low (average annual percentage change=0.227%) and low-middle (average annual percentage change=0.244%) sociodemographic index regions. Cross-country inequality analyses indicated that disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were skewed and higher in countries with higher sociodemographic development, and the inequality increased with time except for education expenditure–related inequality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias has risen globally over the past 3 decades, accompanied by increasing cross-country inequalities, which disproportionately affects countries with high sociodemographic development. Boosting expenditure on education may narrow this inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"Pages 682-694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension in Adolescent Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Look Backward to Find a Way Forward","authors":"Francis de Zegher MD, PhD,&nbsp;Lourdes Ibáñez MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"Pages 855-856"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to “Hypertensive Blood Pressure in Adolescent Girls With Features of PCOS”","authors":"Joan C. Lo MD,&nbsp;Louise C. Greenspan MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"Page 857"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 AJPM Reviewer List .Çô Top Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0749-3797(25)00067-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0749-3797(25)00067-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"Page 858"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allostatic Load And Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Elizabeth Evans, Molly Jacobs, David Fuller, Karen Hegland, Charles Ellis","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In the past three decades, allostatic load - a physiological representation of cumulative life stress - has been associated with increased risk of CVD incidence and mortality. Additionally, differences in allostatic load may partially explain persistent disparities in CVD outcomes. However, there is notable variation in CVD types and subsequent impairments suggesting this association may not be similar across CVD types and demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a systematic review conducted in 2024 of current knowledge on the relationship between allostatic load and CVD. A literature search using the electronic databases PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science and the keywords 'allostatic load' and 'cardiovascular disease' was conducted. 233 articles were identified in initial review and 22 studies were identified for inclusion in this review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review found that allostatic load was associated with a composite score of CVD incidence but there was less clarity on the relationship with CVD mortality and other CVD outcomes. Additionally, there was some variation between CVD types and the relationship with allostatic load as well as intersectional race and gender differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review revealed notable gaps in the current knowledge of the relationship between CVD and allostatic load. Future research is necessary to evaluate how this relationship differs across demographic characteristics, CVD types, CVD outcomes such as impairment, and disease processes. Future research should also identify standardized measures of allostatic load and determine how the social determinants impact allostatic load across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Precarious Employment with Unmet Healthcare Needs and Health Checkup Participation.","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precarious employment (PE) has emerged as a public health concern. This study explored the association between PE and unmet healthcare needs and participation in health checkups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 12,215 wage workers, comprising a total of 65,405 observations, obtained from the Korean Welfare Panel Study (2008-2022). PE was characterized by insecure employment, inadequate wages, and lack of worker rights, and categorized into quartiles: lowest, low, high, and highest. The study focused on two outcomes: unmet healthcare needs due to financial constraints and non-participation in health checkups over the past year. Robust Poisson regression models were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) under the framework of generalized estimating equations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the respondents, 0.7% reported unmet healthcare needs, while 44.2% did not attend health checkups. Compared with workers in the lowest PE quartile, those in the high and highest PE quartiles had a 5.83-fold (95% CI: 2.73-12.45) and 12.53-fold (95% CI: 5.88-26.70) increase in the prevalence of experiencing unmet healthcare needs, respectively. Similarly, compared to the lowest PE quartile, those in the high and highest PE quartiles had a 2.38-fold (95% CI: 2.26-2.51) and 2.92-fold (95% CI: 2.77-3.08) increase in the prevalence of non-participation in health checkups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PE is associated with unmet healthcare needs and non-participation in health checkups. This study underscores the need for policies that improve healthcare access for workers in precarious conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact and Cost Effectiveness of a Home Food Environment Intervention on Healthy Eating.","authors":"Michelle C Kegler, David Howard, Lucja Bundy, Shadé Owolabi, Terry Hartman, Tammie Collins, Candace Muncy, Regine Haardӧrfer","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple aspects of the home food environment shape dietary patterns. The purpose of this study was to test a more scalable version of an intervention designed to promote healthy eating by improving home food environments, and to determine its cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with follow-up at four and nine-months post-baseline (2020-2023).</p><p><strong>Settings/participants: </strong>Participants were clients of four United Way 2-1-1 information and referral organizations in Georgia.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Healthy Homes/Healthy Families is a three-month program alternating weekly coaching calls and text messages to encourage healthy eating by creating healthier home food environment through eight healthy actions.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) was calculated from two 24-hour dietary food recalls. Data were analyzed in 2023-2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of participants (n=510) were women (91.6%) and identified as African American or Black (82.7%). The HEI-2015 improved more (3.26 units, p=.005) for the intervention than control group at nine-months in intent-to-treat analyses. Both total fruits (0.53, p=.009) and added sugar (0.81, p=.004) HEI-2015 domain scores also improved significantly. Multiple aspects of the home food environment improved in a desired direction, including inventories of unhealthy snacks/foods, food preparation and food serving practices, family meals from non-home food sources, and frequency of family meals and snacks while watching TV. Costs averaged $85 per participant ($95 for full program delivery); costs per unit HEI increase were $26. The intervention is cost-effective, with a cost per quality-adjusted life year of $28,762. The intervention is cost-saving as long as the benefits last three years or longer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intervention was effective in promoting modest changes in diet quality by improving home food environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID and new onset disability nearly two years after initial infection.","authors":"Nancy L Fleischer, Elizabeth Slocum, Akash Patel, Yanmei Xie, Patricia McKane, Sarah Lyon-Callo, Jana L Hirschtick","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of ongoing Long COVID symptoms and related disability in a population-based cohort nearly two years after SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six domains of age-standardized disability (i.e., mobility, cognition, independent living, vision, hearing, self-care) were assessed by ongoing Long COVID status using cohort data from a population-based survey of adults with COVID-19 onset from March-December 2020 in Michigan. Baseline data were collected June 2020-October 2021 and follow-up data were collected January-November 2022. Associations between ongoing Long COVID and each domain of disability were also examined using adjusted modified Poisson regression models. Analyses were conducted 2024-2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly two years after initial infection, 24.0% of 1,547 respondents reported ongoing Long COVID symptoms. When comparing disability status four weeks prior to COVID-19 illness to the time of the follow-up survey, respondents with ongoing Long COVID symptoms had large increases in the prevalence of cognition (8.8% to 45.3%), mobility (12.7% to 40.0%), independent living (4.7% to 20.7%), and self-care (2.1% to 10.9%) disability, and more modest increases in the prevalence of vision and hearing disability. Respondents without ongoing Long COVID symptoms experienced smaller increases in disability prevalence. In regression models, ongoing Long COVID was associated with higher prevalence of all six disability domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ongoing burden of Long COVID and related disability is substantial and warrants increased attention by the public health and medical communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Association Between Maternal Depression and Paternal Postpartum Depression.","authors":"Kris Wain, Matthew F Daley, Marcelo Coca Perraillon","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Paternal postpartum depression (PPPD) may affect 28% of fathers, but its temporal association to maternal postpartum depression is not well understood. This study aimed to quantify the temporal association between maternal postpartum depression and PPPD, considering mother's depression history and other clinical factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for this retrospective cohort study was obtained from Kaiser Permanente Colorado health records between 2008 and 2019. The cohort included father-mother dyads having live-birth pregnancies. Diagnostic codes identified postpartum depression during the 12-months postnatal. Complementary log-log models with inverse probability of treatment weighting estimated the Relative Risk (RR) of PPPD by maternal postpartum depression, stratified by maternal depression history. Statistical analyses were performed between 2022 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 15,257 father-mother dyads contributing 19,352 pregnancies in which neither parent had a history of postpartum depression. Among these pregnancies, 326 PPPD diagnoses (1.7%) and 1,731 maternal postpartum depression diagnoses (8.9%) were identified. PPPD was more common in dyads with maternal postpartum depression (3.0%) than in dyads without (1.6%). Maternal postpartum depression was associated with an 81% increase in PPPD (RR=1.81; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.87) if the mother had no history of depression. However, no association was observed if the mother had a history of depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among a cohort of father-mother dyads having live-birth pregnancies, maternal postpartum depression was associated with increased PPPD, but only if the mother had no history of depression. Study findings highlight the need to develop depression screening tools for fathers that consider risk factors for both parents.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State Preemption Repeal: A Pathway to Broader Smoke-Free Indoor Air Policies in the U.S.","authors":"Sunday Azagba, Todd Ebling, Alperen Korkmaz, Jessica King Jensen, Fares Qeadan, Mark Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Public health advocates have expressed concern about state preemption laws limiting local government's ability to regulate tobacco smoking. However, empirical evidence on these laws' impact is scarce. This study examines how repealing such laws impacts policies covering smoke-free indoor air.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Policy data were obtained from the Americans for Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation's smoke-free laws database (1990-2022), analyzed in 2024. A two-way fixed effects model in multiple linear regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the repeal of smoke-free indoor air preemption statutes and the proportion of the state population covered by smoke-free policies. Additional analyses were conducted using alternative control groups, and the fractional form of the dependent variable was accounted for in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed that the repeal of smoke-free indoor preemption was related to an increase in the probability of the state population covered by smoke-free indoor air policies in the baseline model (β=0.405, p<0.01), analysis with two-way fixed effects (β=0.199, p<0.01), and the analysis incorporating state-unique time trends to the two-way fixed effect model (β=0.327, p<0.01). Similarly, the fractional probit regression results showed that repealing state preemption laws corresponded to an increase in the probability of smoke-free indoor air policy coverage. The average marginal effects ranged from 0.19 to 0.43. The results were consistent in analyses that included only states that had preemption laws at any point.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Repealing state tobacco preemption laws could broaden local policies covering smoke-free indoor air, potentially mitigating secondhand smoke risks and lessening tobacco's health and economic burdens.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}