American Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Reasons for E-cigarette Use and Their Associations with Frequency, Dependence, and Quit Intentions: Findings from a Youth and Young Adult Sample.","authors":"Elizabeth K Do, Kristiann Koris, Tyler Minter, Suad Esayed, Elizabeth C Hair","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study is to examine associations between reasons for e-cigarette use and e-cigarette use frequency, dependence, and quit intentions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort (TLC), a national probability-based online survey of United States youth and young adults (aged 15-24 years, collected from October 2022 to December 2023). The analytic sample (N=815) included participants who reported current e-cigarette use and their most important reason for e-cigarette use (selected from a list of responses, regrouped into categories), use frequency (number of days used in the past 30 days), dependence (E-cigarette Dependence Scale), and quit intentions (any vs. none). Linear and logistic regression models were applied to aggregated cross-sectional data, adjusted for age, gender identity, race and ethnicity, perceived financial situation, past 30-day use of other combustible tobacco products, and e-cigarette device type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most endorsed reason for using e-cigarettes was coping with mental health challenges (39.6%), followed by sensation seeking (20.4%), lower perceived harms (14.7%), social status/acceptability (10.9%), ease of use/access (10.1%), and peer/family influence (4.3%). All reasons for e-cigarette use were associated with e-cigarette use frequency and dependence. Using e-cigarettes as a means of coping with mental health challenges and social status/acceptability were also associated with greater odds of expressing any quit intentions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reasons for e-cigarette use were differentially associated with e-cigarette use behavior outcomes. Findings suggest a need to address mental health challenges and reduce access and appeal of e-cigarettes among young people to facilitate reductions in e-cigarette use.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Incidence of Syphilis Among US Adults from January 2017 to October 2024.","authors":"Duy Do, Patricia J Rodriguez, Samuel Gratzl, Brianna M Goodwin Cartwright, Charlotte Baker, Nicholas L Stucky","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Syphilis incidence has increased significantly in the US, raising concerns about onward transmission. Using near-real-time data, this study examined monthly trends in syphilis incidence among US adults from January 2017 to October 2024, focusing on overall patterns and stratifying by demographic and clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Truveta Data - a large, diverse database of electronic health records from US healthcare systems - monthly syphilis incidence from January 2017 to October 2024 was calculated. Poisson regression models were used to assess trends, with adjustments for the early COVID-19 pandemic period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 56,980,788 adults and 21,180 first-time syphilis cases, with a cumulative incidence of 35.9 per 100,000 person-years. Overall, incidence increased from 1.26 per 100,000 person-years in January 2017 to 4.88 in July 2022, then plateaued and declined to 2.47 by October 2024. The decline was larger among populations with high syphilis burdens, including men, younger adults, individuals identifying as American Indian/Alaskan Native or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, those with behaviors associated with STI acquisition, those using Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention, and individuals living with HIV. Conversely, incidence rose among populations with lower burdens: those without behaviors associated with STI acquisition, PrEP use, or living with HIV - implying a shift in the transmission dynamics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight recent declines in syphilis incidence, primarily among high-burden groups, while syphilis incidence is rising in low-burden populations. These findings underscore the need to address factors contributing to syphilis transmission in diverse populations, including those that may not perceive themselves as vulnerable.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Use of the Text2Quit Feature in the Virginia Quitline Program.","authors":"Asal Pilehvari, Rebecca A Krukowski, Kara P Wiseman, Melissa A Little","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Text messaging interventions for smoking cessation are widely available across the U.S. However, their utilization is less studied. Understanding demographic and regional factors influencing the use of these programs can help optimize their reach and effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals aged 18 and older who used the Text2Quit component of the Virginia Quitline (VAQL) from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed. Quitline users were categorized into two groups: Text2Quit users and non-Text2Quit users. County-level smoking rates and socioeconomic features were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 2018 to 2022 and the corresponding years of American Community Survey. Logistic regression analysis assessed the association of individual and county-level factors with Text2Quit enrollment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 14,959 VAQL users, 36.58% enrolled in Text2Quit. Those who used Text2Quit were younger (54.18 vs. 57.08 years, P<0.001), more likely to have a college education (45.50% vs. 40.08%, P<0.001), and more likely to live in counties with higher smoking rates (14.89% vs. 13.94%, P<0.001), and have better cellular data coverage (71.58% vs. 66.41%, P<0.001). Logistic regression revealed that increasing age (OR=0.98, P<0.001), lower educational attainment (OR=0.84, P<0.001), and residence in Appalachian counties (OR=0.87, P=0.002) were associated with lower odds of Text2Quit enrollment. Conversely, better county-level cellular data plan coverage (OR=1.04, P<0.001) was significantly associated with increased Text2Quit enrollment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Text2Quit use differs in demographic and regional aspects, with cellular data coverage being a significant factor in enrollment in this specific cessation program. These findings support the notion that access to technology, such as cellular data coverage, is a health equity issue, particularly in rural areas and Appalachia.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varicella-Zoster Virus Testing in Clinical Practice in the U.S., 2016-2023.","authors":"Likhita Raparti, Jessica Leung, Tara C Anderson, Brian Wakeman, Suzanne Beard, Sarah Baca, Heartley Egwuogu, Oscar Rincon Guevara, Julia Raykin, Sara E Oliver, Mona Marin","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) testing is increasingly needed for assessing immunity and diagnosis in the varicella vaccination era. VZV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) is recommended when assessing immunity; real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is recommended for varicella or herpes zoster diagnosis. The study objective was to describe VZV serologic and virologic testing in U.S. clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with serologic (IgG, IgM) or virologic (PCR, culture) VZV testing were identified in five administrative data sources (∼11-100 million enrollees; 2016-2023). Descriptive analyses were used to examine VZV testing frequency, patient characteristics, and rates by test type. The top 20 diagnostic codes associated with VZV test type were used as a proxy for reason for testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across data sources, the highest proportion of VZV testing was for IgG (43%-92%); most was in females (79%-82%) and those aged 20-39 years (62%-70%). Rates of serologic testing were 50-60/10,000 persons. Frequency of VZV virologic testing was considerably lower; PCR testing rates were ∼1/10,000 persons. Diagnostic codes associated with IgG or virologic testing were primarily categorized as routine care or acute illness, respectively. IgM testing was up to 11% of tests, despite not being recommended for screening or diagnostic purposes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VZV serologic testing rates were 50-60 times higher than PCR. Serologic testing was more common among females and young adults, likely due to screening. Most VZV testing appeared relevant to clinical management; however, inappropriate IgM testing was identified. Appropriate testing is important to guide clinical and public health management for varicella and herpes zoster.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung cancer screening rates in the United States: Contribution of the 2020 NHIS estimates to national and state level trends.","authors":"Benmei Liu, Michael T Halpern, V Paul Doria-Rose, Jennifer M Croswell, Richard Lee, Eric J Feuer","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) since 2013 for eligible populations who currently smoke or have formerly smoked. However, U.S. LCS rates from different studies have been inconsistent, and limited data are available for trend analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using LCS data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the 2022-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we estimated recent LCS rates among eligible adults. We also analyzed data from previous years to examine trends from 2010 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on NHIS data, an estimated 8,247,101 (95% CI: 7,634,267-8,859,936) U.S. adults were eligible for LCS in 2020 per the 2013 USPSTF criteria. A similar number (8,039,236) were estimated in 2022 from BRFSS using the same eligibility criteria, with an additional 5,364,797 newly eligible individuals based on expanded 2021 USPSTF criteria. LCS rates based on the 2013 criteria increased significantly from 3.8% in 2010 to 15.9% in 2020 (NHIS data), and to 21.8% in 2022 (BRFSS data). However, the 2022 screening rate among the newly eligible population (13.0%) was lower than that of individuals eligible under the 2013 criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 2020 NHIS estimates contributed to understanding trends in LCS rates, while indicating that the Healthy People 2030 target of 7.5% of eligible screened would benefit from reassessment. Despite significant increases over the past decade, overall LCS rates remain low, and further research is needed to better understand the modest U.S. uptake of lung cancer screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital-based interventions addressing social needs: A systematic narrative review.","authors":"Kate E Neadley, Cheryl Shoubridge, John W Lynch, Mark A Boyd, Brianna F Poirier","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Healthcare settings worldwide are adopting screening and referral interventions to address patients' social needs. Some interventions provide one-off lists of resources ('light-touch' interventions) while others employ Health Navigators to provide ongoing assistance and advocacy with community organisations ('high-touch' interventions). Understanding the manner in which these interventions are integrated in hospital settings, and their effects on medical and social outcomes, is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic narrative review uses narrative synthesis to explore workflows for screening and referral interventions for social needs in hospital settings, and barriers and enablers to intervention success. Health and social science databases (Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, Web of Science) and grey literature (ProQuest) were searched. Conference abstracts and editorial papers were excluded. This review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42023462535). Data were collected and analysed from January 2023 to August 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All studies (n=37) occurred in the United States. Interventions took place in emergency departments, inpatient and outpatient clinics, and hospital-based primary care clinics. Overall, studies were of moderate quality (n=22, 59%), and provided limited methodological data regarding workflows for screening and responding to social needs. 'High-touch' interventions underreported caseload and other methodological data, and Health Navigator roles varied substantially. Few studies reported social needs outcomes, and intervention effects on outcomes were mixed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To improve the evidence base for hospital-based interventions, researchers should prioritise reporting methodological data and publishing in-depth protocols. Social needs outcomes should be consistently reported to better understand how these interventions may benefit disadvantaged populations, and trauma-informed principles should be applied to the collection and storage of social needs data.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asking About Cervical Cancer Screening in National Surveys: Implications for Health Literacy and Research.","authors":"Anna Morenz, Anisha Ganguly, Larry Kessler, Gloria Coronado","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2022, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) changed their question wording to ask participants whether they had ever had a \"cervical cancer screening test\" rather than asking specifically about Pap or HPV tests. This resulted in a drop from 93.7% of respondents reporting a prior Pap test in the 2020 BRFSS to 61.4% of respondents reporting a prior cervical cancer screening test in 2022. A comparable drop was not observed in the National Health Interview Survey from 2021 to 2023, which did not change their question wording. Thus, the observed decrease in positive responses to this question in the BRFSS survey from 2020 to 2022 is unlikely to accurately reflect screening behavior and instead highlights a lack of knowledge about cervical cancer screening tests and the purpose of Pap tests. Clinicians and public health practitioners should use this information to improve education and awareness regarding cervical cancer screening tests, especially with the advent of additional screening options such as HPV self-collection, to enhance public understanding and informed choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partner Violence and Substance-Related Service Use: Differences by HIV Status among Women.","authors":"Shannon N Ogden, Paul R Shafer, Melissa E Dichter, Jack A Clark, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Deborah L Jones, Gina M Wingood, Aruna Chandran, Mardge H Cohen, Jennifer P Jain, Lakshmi Goparaju, Tracey E Wilson, Adebola Adedimeji, Danielle F Haley","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Substance use disorders (SUDs) are prevalent among women living with HIV and women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). The study aimed to examine the association between IPV and substance-related service utilization among women living with and without HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing Women's Interagency HIV Study (2013-2019) data, linear regression models in 2023-2024 estimated the association between recent and lifetime IPV and drug- and alcohol-related service utilization among women reporting substance use. Adjusted models included an interaction between IPV and HIV status, time-variant covariates, person-level fixed effects, and standard errors clustered at the individual level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,550 participants, 40% had a baseline history of IPV and 67% were living with HIV. Any recent IPV and recent psychological IPV were associated with increased alcohol-related service utilization (aβ=0.039, 95% CI=0.002-0.076; aβ=0.042, 95% CI=0.002-0.083; respectively). Recent sexual IPV was associated with increased drug- (aβ=0.082, 95% CI=0.000-0.165) and alcohol-related (aβ=0.131, 95% CI=0.028-0.233) service utilization. Those living with HIV who had experienced recent sexual IPV were less likely to utilize drug- (aβ=-0.143, 95% CI=-0.249- -0.037) and alcohol-related services (aβ=-0.122, 95% CI=-0.237- -0.007). Any lifetime IPV and lifetime psychological IPV were associated with decreased alcohol-related service use (aβ=-0.097, 95% CI=-0.169- -0.025; aβ=-0.096, 95% CI=-0.171- -0.020; respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight the complex relationship between IPV and SUD service utilization and differences of living with HIV on substance-related service utilization among women. Implementing a trauma-informed approach to address IPV, HIV, and substance use in healthcare settings could improve SUD-related service utilization and outcomes, and overall wellbeing among women.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized Trial Using an Online Grocery Store to Evaluate a Multicomponent Digital Intervention to Improve Diet Quality.","authors":"Soye Shin, Yan Xiaoxi, Bibhas Chakraborty, Eric A Finkelstein","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Poor diet is a key contributor to rising rates of non-communicable diseases. This study tested the ability of an online grocery store that includes a multicomponent digital intervention identified through the Multiphase Optimization Strategy to improve the nutritional quality of shopper's purchases.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A two-arm randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting/participants: </strong>A convenience sample of online grocery shoppers in Singapore who were the primary shoppers for their household were recruited via advertisements on Facebook and Instagram (n=328). Data were collected between January and October 2023.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Participants were randomized into one of two versions of the online grocery store and asked to complete three weekly orders delivered to their homes. The arms were: (1) an online store with no intervention (Control); (2) the same online store with the multicomponent intervention, including (i) interpretive Front-of-Package nutrition labels, (ii) real-time feedback on the nutritional quality of the grocery cart, (iii) ordering of healthier products first, and (iv) offering healthier substitutes for shoppers' chosen products.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The primary outcome was the weighted (by number of servings) average Nutri-Score (NS) points of the grocery cart. Secondary outcomes included the weighted average calories and select nutrients (sugar, sodium, total fat, and saturated fat) per serving. These outcomes were analysed using a linear mixed-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multicomponent intervention led to a statistically significant 4.06-point [95% CI: 3.06, 5.07] increase in the weighted average NS of the grocery cart relative to Control, which equates to improving the nutritional quality of the cart from NS grade C (30-37 points) to B (37.1-40 points). The positive intervention effects were sustained across the three shopping experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The multicomponent intervention improved the nutritional quality of online grocery carts over repeated orders, highlighting the potential of digital interventions to improve diet quality.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study is registered at www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov NCT05537337.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Burden, Temporal Trends, and Cross-Country Inequality Associated with Sociodemographic Indicators in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias","authors":"Manqiong Yuan MS ,&nbsp;Lifen Jin MS ,&nbsp;Ya Fang PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The purpose of this article is to describe the global burden and temporal trends of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias from 1990 to 2021 and explore cross-country inequality associated with sociodemographic development-related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and sociodemographic index were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, and other sociodemographic development-related factors, including government expenditure on education (% of GDP), net national income per capita, health expenditure per capita, and fertility rate, were sourced from World Bank Data. Disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias across 204 countries/territories and global age-sex distribution in 2021 were illustrated. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trends of disease burden, and the slope index of inequality and concentration index were calculated to quantify cross-country inequalities. Analyses were conducted in 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant disparities were observed in the numbers, rates, and age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life years across 204 countries/territories. Females demonstrated higher disability-adjusted life year numbers (rates) for all age groups. Age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate increased worldwide and was high in high-middle and middle sociodemographic index regions but increased faster in low (average annual percentage change=0.227%) and low-middle (average annual percentage change=0.244%) sociodemographic index regions. Cross-country inequality analyses indicated that disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were skewed and higher in countries with higher sociodemographic development, and the inequality increased with time except for education expenditure–related inequality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias has risen globally over the past 3 decades, accompanied by increasing cross-country inequalities, which disproportionately affects countries with high sociodemographic development. Boosting expenditure on education may narrow this inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"68 4","pages":"Pages 682-694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}