American Naturalist最新文献_第2页

Discovering Stochastic Dynamical Equations from Ecological Time Series Data. 从生态时间序列数据中发现随机动力学方程。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1086/734083

Arshed Nabeel, Ashwin Karichannavar, Shuaib Palathingal, Jitesh Jhawar, David B Brückner, Danny Raj M, Vishwesha Guttal

{"title":"Discovering Stochastic Dynamical Equations from Ecological Time Series Data.","authors":"Arshed Nabeel, Ashwin Karichannavar, Shuaib Palathingal, Jitesh Jhawar, David B Brückner, Danny Raj M, Vishwesha Guttal","doi":"10.1086/734083","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734083","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractTheoretical studies have shown that stochasticity can affect the dynamics of ecosystems in counterintuitive ways. However, without knowing the equations governing the dynamics of populations or ecosystems, it is difficult to ascertain the role of stochasticity in real datasets. Therefore, the inverse problem of inferring the governing stochastic equations from datasets is important. Here, we present an equation discovery methodology that takes time series data of state variables as input and outputs a stochastic differential equation. We achieve this by combining traditional approaches from stochastic calculus with the equation discovery techniques. We demonstrate the generality of the method via several applications. First, we deliberately choose various stochastic models with fundamentally different governing equations, yet they produce nearly identical steady-state distributions. We show that we can recover the correct underlying equations, and thus infer the structure of their stability, accurately from the analysis of time series data alone. We demonstrate our method on two real-world datasets-fish schooling and single-cell migration-that have vastly different spatiotemporal scales and dynamics. We illustrate various limitations and potential pitfalls of the method and how to overcome them via diagnostic measures. Finally, we provide our open-source code via a package named PyDaDDy (Python Library for Data-Driven Dynamics).","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 4","pages":"E100-E117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Availability of Juvenile Refuge Habitats Explains the Dynamics and Size Structure of Cannibalistic Fish Populations. 幼鱼避难所的可用性解释了食人鱼种群的动态和大小结构。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1086/734103

Wojciech Uszko, Tobias van Kooten, Pär Byström

{"title":"Availability of Juvenile Refuge Habitats Explains the Dynamics and Size Structure of Cannibalistic Fish Populations.","authors":"Wojciech Uszko, Tobias van Kooten, Pär Byström","doi":"10.1086/734103","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734103","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMany animals exhibit ontogenetic niche shifts as they grow, which strongly affects population dynamics. However, such niche shifts can be constrained by the physical environment that the population occupies. To study this, we develop a physiologically structured population model parameterized for brown trout and vary the availability of a stream used as an exclusive juvenile nursery habitat. We find fewer but large, fast-growing adults in lakes with small streams and more but smaller, slow-growing adults in lakes with large streams. We show that the mechanism behind this pattern is a reduced ability of cannibals to control juvenile survival in the lake with increasing stream availability. Juveniles emerging from the stream at larger sizes intensify competition with the lake-dwelling adults, leading to slower individual growth. These results are similar for other sources of size-dependent juvenile mortality in the lake. Field data from brown trout lakes across a stream size gradient show the same pattern: reduced trout growth and fewer large individuals in lakes with larger tributary streams. We show how ontogenetic niche shifts and stage-specific habitat availability affect population structure and dynamics through size-dependent mortality and competition. Our results provide an important foundation that may help design effective conservation and restoration strategies.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 4","pages":"371-387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do Mixed-Species Groups Travel as One? An Investigation on Large African Herbivores Monitored Using Animal-Borne Video Collars. 混合物种群体是否作为一个整体旅行？对使用兽载视频项圈监测的非洲大型食草动物的调查。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1086/734410

Romain Dejeante, Marion Valeix, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes

{"title":"Do Mixed-Species Groups Travel as One? An Investigation on Large African Herbivores Monitored Using Animal-Borne Video Collars.","authors":"Romain Dejeante, Marion Valeix, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes","doi":"10.1086/734410","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734410","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAlthough prey foraging in mixed-species groups benefit from a reduced risk of predation, whether heterospecific groupmates move together in the landscape, and more generally to what extent mixed-species groups remain cohesive over time and space, remains unknown. Here, we used GPS collars with video cameras to investigate the movements of plains zebras (Equus quagga) in mixed-species groups. Blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), impalas (Aepyceros melampus), and giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) commonly form mixed-species groups with zebras in savanna ecosystems. We found that zebras adjust their movement decisions solely on the basis of the presence of giraffes, being more likely to move in zebra-giraffe herds, and this was correlated with a higher cohesion of such groups. Additionally, zebras moving with giraffes spent more time grazing, suggesting that zebras benefit from foraging in the proximity of giraffes. Our results provide new insights into animal movements in mixed-species groups, contributing to a better consideration of mutualism in movement ecology.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 4","pages":"451-458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical Niche Partitioning and the Performance of Mixotrophic Generalists against Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Specialists under Contrasting Light-Nutrient Supply Regimes. 在不同的光营养供应制度下，垂直生态位分配和混合营养多面手对自养和异养专家的表现

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1086/734553

Philippe Le Noac'h, Sebastian Diehl, Beatrix E Beisner

{"title":"Vertical Niche Partitioning and the Performance of Mixotrophic Generalists against Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Specialists under Contrasting Light-Nutrient Supply Regimes.","authors":"Philippe Le Noac'h, Sebastian Diehl, Beatrix E Beisner","doi":"10.1086/734553","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734553","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractA vertical separation in light and nutrient availability is observed in many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In lakes and oceans, the opposing vertical gradients of light and nutrients typically observed are believed to promote phagomixotrophy, a generalist strategy that combines resource acquisition through photoautotrophic and phagoheterotrophic pathways. While phagomixotrophy is widespread, it is not well understood how this strategy performs against pure specialist strategies in a resource competition context. We simulate the dynamics of three competitors (pure photoautotroph, phagomixotroph, pure phagoheterotroph) and bacterial prey over the vertical dimension of a water column to investigate what conditions of resource availability favor mixotrophy and how the presence of the phagomixotroph alters community dynamics. Since mixotrophs can be more or less photoautotrophic, we incorporated this variability into our model. Under weak vertical mixing, mixotrophs persist under most light and nutrient conditions and negatively affect specialists. Mixotrophs can even be dominant competitors when they display an optimal degree of phototrophy, which is positively related to water transparency and negatively related to nutrient supply. The model indicates that the spatial organization of nanophytoplankton communities in water columns could arise through vertical niche partitioning of multiple resource acquisition strategies and that phagomixotrophy can promote overall community production.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 4","pages":"435-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction Outcomes in Mutualism-Antagonism Continua: Context Dependency and Instantaneous Effects of the Interactions. 互惠-对抗持续中的互动结果：情境依赖与互动的瞬时效应。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1086/733503

Alfonso Ruiz-Herrera

引用次数: 0

Georgii F. Gause's The Struggle for Existence and the Integration of Natural History and Mathematical Models. 乔治·f·高斯的《生存的斗争》以及自然史与数学模型的结合。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1086/734003

Topaz Halperin

引用次数: 0

MacArthur's Consumer-Resource Model: A Rosetta Stone for Competitive Interactions. 麦克阿瑟的消费者资源模型：竞争互动的罗塞塔石碑。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1086/733516

Jawad Sakarchi, Rachel M Germain

{"title":"MacArthur's Consumer-Resource Model: A Rosetta Stone for Competitive Interactions.","authors":"Jawad Sakarchi, Rachel M Germain","doi":"10.1086/733516","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733516","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractRecent developments in competition theory-namely, modern coexistence theory (MCT)-have aided empiricists in formulating tests of species persistence, coexistence, and evolution from simple to complex community settings. However, the parameters used to predict competitive outcomes, such as interaction coefficients, invasion growth rates, and stabilizing differences, remain biologically opaque, making findings difficult to generalize across ecological settings. This article is structured around five goals toward clarifying MCT by first making a case for the modern-day utility of MacArthur's consumer-resource model, a model with surprising complexity and depth: (i) to describe the model in uniquely accessible language, deciphering the mathematics toward cultivating deeper biological intuition about competition's inner workings regardless of what empirical toolkit one uses; (ii) to provide translation between biological mechanisms from MacArthur's model and parameters used to predict coexistence in MCT; (iii) to make explicit important but understated assumptions of MacArthur's model in plain terms; (iv) to provide empirical recommendations; and (v) to examine how key ecological concepts (e.g., r/K-selection) can be understood with renewed clarity through MacArthur's lens. We end by highlighting opportunities to explore mechanisms in tandem with MCT and to compare and translate results across ecological currencies toward a more unified ecological science.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 3","pages":"306-326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metapopulations, the Inflationary Effect, and Consequences for Public Health. 人口、通货膨胀效应和对公共卫生的影响。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1086/733896

Nicholas Kortessis, Gregory Glass, Andrew Gonzalez, Nick W Ruktanonchai, Margaret W Simon, Burton Singer, Robert D Holt

{"title":"Metapopulations, the Inflationary Effect, and Consequences for Public Health.","authors":"Nicholas Kortessis, Gregory Glass, Andrew Gonzalez, Nick W Ruktanonchai, Margaret W Simon, Burton Singer, Robert D Holt","doi":"10.1086/733896","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733896","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe metapopulation concept offers significant explanatory power in ecology and evolutionary biology. Metapopulations, a set of spatially distributed populations linked by dispersal, and their community and ecosystem level analogs, metacommunity and meta-ecosystem models, tend to be more stable regionally than locally. This fact is largely attributable to the interplay of spatiotemporal heterogeneity and dispersal (the inflationary effect). We highlight this underappreciated (but essential) role of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in metapopulation biology, present a novel expression for quantifying and defining the inflationary effect, and provide a mechanistic interpretation of how it arises and impacts population growth and abundance. We illustrate the effect with examples from infectious disease dynamics, including the hypothesis that policy decisions made during the COVID-19 pandemic generated spatiotemporal heterogeneity that enhanced the spread of disease. We finish by noting how spatiotemporal heterogeneity generates emergent population processes at large scales across many topics in the history of ecology, as diverse as natural enemy-victim dynamics, species coexistence, and conservation biology. Embracing the complexity of spatiotemporal heterogeneity is vital for future research on the persistence of populations.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 3","pages":"342-359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Colonization Dynamics Explain the Decoupling of Species Richness and Morphological Disparity in Syngnatharian Fishes across Oceans. 海洋合颌目鱼类物种丰富度与形态差异的解耦

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1086/733931

Aintzane Santaquiteria, Elizabeth Christina Miller, Ulises Rosas-Puchuri, Carmen Del R Pedraza-Marrón, Emily M Troyer, Mark W Westneat, Giorgio Carnevale, Dahiana Arcila, Ricardo Betancur-R

{"title":"Colonization Dynamics Explain the Decoupling of Species Richness and Morphological Disparity in Syngnatharian Fishes across Oceans.","authors":"Aintzane Santaquiteria, Elizabeth Christina Miller, Ulises Rosas-Puchuri, Carmen Del R Pedraza-Marrón, Emily M Troyer, Mark W Westneat, Giorgio Carnevale, Dahiana Arcila, Ricardo Betancur-R","doi":"10.1086/733931","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733931","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractA clear longitudinal gradient in species richness across oceans is observed in extant marine fishes, with the Indo-Pacific exhibiting the greatest diversity. Three non-mutually-exclusive evolutionary hypotheses have been proposed to explain this diversity gradient: time for speciation, center of accumulation, and in situ diversification rates. Using the morphologically disparate syngnatharians (seahorses, dragonets, goatfishes, and relatives) as a study system, we tested these hypotheses and additionally assessed whether patterns of morphological diversity are congruent with species richness patterns. We used well-sampled phylogenies and a suite of phylogenetic comparative methods (including a novel phylogenetically corrected Kruskal-Wallis test) that account for various sources of uncertainty to estimate rates of lineage diversification and morphological disparity within all three major oceanic realms (Indo-Pacific, Atlantic, and eastern Pacific), as well as within the Indo-Pacific region. We find similar lineage diversification rates across regions, indicating that increased syngnatharian diversity in the Indo-Pacific is due to earlier colonizations from the Tethys Sea followed by in situ speciation and more frequent colonizations during the Miocene coinciding with the formation of coral reefs. These results support both time for speciation and center of accumulation hypotheses. Unlike species richness unevenness, shape disparity and evolutionary rates are similar across oceans because of the early origin of major body plans and their subsequent spread via colonization rather than in situ evolution. Our results illustrate how species richness patterns became decoupled from morphological disparity patterns during the formation of a major biodiversity hot spot.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 3","pages":"E80-E99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward a More Dynamic Metabolic Theory of Ecology to Predict Climate Change Effects on Biological Systems. 用更动态的生态学代谢理论预测气候变化对生物系统的影响。

IF 2.4 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1086/733197

Keila A Stark, Tom Clegg, Joey R Bernhardt, Tess N Grainger, Christopher P Kempes, Van Savage, Mary I O'Connor, Samraat Pawar

{"title":"Toward a More Dynamic Metabolic Theory of Ecology to Predict Climate Change Effects on Biological Systems.","authors":"Keila A Stark, Tom Clegg, Joey R Bernhardt, Tess N Grainger, Christopher P Kempes, Van Savage, Mary I O'Connor, Samraat Pawar","doi":"10.1086/733197","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733197","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) aims to link biophysical constraints on individual metabolic rates to the emergence of patterns at the population and ecosystem scales. Because MTE links temperature's kinetic effects on individual metabolism to ecological processes at higher levels of organization, it holds great potential to mechanistically predict how complex ecological systems respond to warming and increased temperature fluctuations under climate change. To scale up from individuals to ecosystems, applications of classical MTE implicitly assume that focusing on steady-state dynamics and averaging temperature responses across individuals and populations adequately capture the dominant attributes of biological systems. However, in the context of climate change, frequent perturbations from steady state and rapid changes in thermal performance curves via plasticity and evolution are almost guaranteed. Here, we explain how some of the assumptions made when applying MTE's simplest canonical expression can lead to blind spots in understanding how temperature change affects biological systems and how this presents an opportunity for formal expansion of the theory. We review existing advances in this direction and provide a decision tree for identifying when dynamic modifications to classical MTE are needed for certain research questions. We conclude with empirical and theoretical challenges to be addressed in a more dynamic MTE for understanding biological change in an increasingly uncertain world.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"205 3","pages":"285-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0