Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"First Comprehensive Global Bibliometric Analysis of Monkeypox Virus Research Landscape From 1976 to 2025.","authors":"Uwem Okon Edet, Md Zulfekar Ali, Bassey Ini Ubi, Edema Enogiomwan Imalele, Bassey Edet, Francisca Nwaokorie, Clement Meseko","doi":"10.1155/cjid/2362823","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/2362823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Six decades have elapsed since the index case of monkeypox virus (MPXV) was reported. Unlike most DNA viruses characterized by slow mutation and spread, MPXV caused the global outbreak of 2022, and as expected, several studies prior and post the 2022 outbreak have emanated. Despite its ability to trigger a potential pandemic, there is no holistic quantitative and qualitative insight into MPXV research landscape globally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Review (SPAR-4-SLR protocol) applied to the Scopus database, studies were retrieved covering 1976-2025 on MPXV globally and screened using predefined criteria. The final dataset was analyzed using Biblioshiny, RStudio, and VOSviewer tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 8460 retrieved records, 5315 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, comprising 79.98% original articles and 20.02% review articles, authored by 32,098 researchers across 1547 journals. Our analysis of the MPXV research revealed an average annual growth rate of 12.38%, with a pronounced surge after 2021, coinciding with the global 2022 outbreak. The United States dominated research output, authorship, funding, institutional leadership, and international collaborations, with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) emerging as the most influential institution. China, India, and the United Kingdom also contributed substantially, while resource-poor settings were underrepresented. Keyword and thematic analyses revealed a transition from early virological and animal studies to recent emphasis on human transmission, epidemiology, vaccination, and therapeutics. Highly cited studies were concentrated in leading infectious disease journals. Overall, MPXV research has evolved rapidly, highlighting expanding global collaboration and shifting research priorities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates a sharp post-2021 expansion of MPXV research, dominated by high-income countries, particularly the United States. Strengthening research contributions, surveillance, and collaborations from MPXV-endemic regions in Africa is essential for balanced global preparedness and response efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2362823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Coronavirus NL63 in Yamagata, Japan, Between 1976 and 2022.","authors":"Yohei Matoba, Naomi Ogawa, Tomoko Takahashi, Kenichi Komabayashi, Tatsuya Ikeda, Yoko Matsuzaki, Katsumi Mizuta","doi":"10.1155/cjid/7854122","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/7854122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in the epidemiology of seasonal coronavirus (CoV) are important for understanding CoV transmission dynamics and strengthening the strategies against emerging CoV infections. The epidemiology of CoV-NL63, a seasonal CoV discovered in 2003, is poorly understood, particularly before 2003. To analyze the seroprevalence of CoV-NL63 in Yamagata, Japan, we performed a microneutralization test using 146 to 379 serum samples collected from four age groups ranging from 0 to 4 years to ≥ 40 years in 1976, 1990, 2010, 2019, and 2022, as well as the Yamagata isolate. We only measured the neutralizing antibodies (NT Abs) against CoV-NL63, as methods for other seasonal CoVs had not yet been established. The total NT Ab-positive rate in each year was 68.0%-90.4%. The Ab-positive rates in 0-4-year age group were 21.3%-65.2% in each year, whereas the rates for individuals aged above 4 years old were between 73.3% and 100% throughout the study period. We do not understand the influence of cross-reactive immunity among seasonal CoVs. This study shows that seroprevalence against CoV-NL63 increased with age in the younger generation and then plateaued at a high level, suggesting that reinfection may occur and that CoV-NL63 was already transmitted among infants and children before CoV-NL63 had been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7854122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13184384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147984332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship Between Comorbidities and Prolonged Viral Shedding in COVID-19: A Cycle Threshold Value-Based Investigation.","authors":"Rudi Wisaksana, Patrick Philo, Floriyani Indra Putri, Chrisan Bimo Prayuda, Evan Susandi, Leonardus Widyatmoko, Bachti Alisjahbana, Iceu Dimas Kulsum, Yovita Hartantri","doi":"10.1155/cjid/8871861","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/8871861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aim to investigate which of the comorbidities is associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 illness.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from March 2020 to April 2022. Data of ORF1b Ct value measurements were collected from the 1^st week to the 5^th week and presented in a line plot to see the changes in the Ct values across the course of the disease stratified to each comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included a total of 279 patients with a median age of 55-year-old, and male patients were the majority included. However, 68% of the original cohort was excluded due to having only a single Ct result. Based on the ORF1b Ct value data, most patients within each comorbidity group demonstrated increasing Ct values from Week 1 (<i>n</i> = 135) to Week 5 (<i>n</i> = 34). However, we found that the ORF1b Ct value in the HIV-AIDS (<i>n</i> = 12) and the autoimmune (<i>n</i> = 12) groups peaked and gradually declined. In the HIV-AIDS ORF1b, Ct values declined after 2 weeks (<i>n</i> = 2) with a statistically significant difference compared to patients without comorbidity (<i>n</i> = 65).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that COVID-19 patients with HIV-AIDS have prolonged viral shedding compared to patients with other comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8871861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13161999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and Synergistic Activity of Metformin Against <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>.","authors":"Walaa Hashem Rajab, Nidal Jaradat, Qusay Abdo, Nour Aljouda, Mohammad Qadi","doi":"10.1155/cjid/3542284","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/3542284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection is highly prevalent worldwide and is associated with multiple gastroduodenal pathologies, including gastric cancer. The increasing pattern of drug resistance among <i>H. pylori</i> limits available treatment options. To overcome this challenge, drug repurposing and the use of current medications as adjuvant therapies have emerged as a valuable alternative strategy. Metformin is a commonly prescribed antidiabetic drug for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); it has been shown to have antibacterial properties. This study aimed to investigate the anti-<i>H. pylori</i> activity of metformin and evaluate its potential to enhance the efficacy of six conventional antibiotics used to treat <i>H. pylori</i> infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antibacterial effect of metformin on <i>H. pylori</i> was evaluated using both clinical and reference laboratory strains by detecting the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Furthermore, a checkerboard assay was conducted to assess the combined effect of metformin with six conventional antibiotics used to treat <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metformin showed limited antibacterial activity against <i>H. pylori,</i> with MIC and MBC values ranging between 6.83 and 9.75 mM (1131-1615 μg/mL). MIC/MBC ratios and time-kill study suggested a bactericidal effect against the tested <i>H. pylori</i> strains. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) findings for the tested combinations were 0.52-1.0, including the MDR strain, indicating an additive effect. No synergistic or antagonistic interactions were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The additive effect and the bactericidal activity of metformin suggest a potential clinical relevance for diabetic patients already receiving this medication. However, comprehensive studies are needed to further evaluate safety, efficacy, and the underlying killing mechanism of metformin against <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3542284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13161997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Adaptations of <i>E. coli</i> SM10λpir (pUCP24T) Under Constant Sub-MIC Gentamicin Treatment.","authors":"Yuting He, Guoxiu Xiang, Guosheng Zhong, Jianming Zeng, Cha Chen, Bin Huang","doi":"10.1155/cjid/6978370","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/6978370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotics, as a selection stress, could trigger specific responses in bacterial pathogens. This study aimed to investigate adaptive changes of <i>E. coli</i> SM10λpir (pUCP24T) under constant treatment of sub-MIC Gm (gentamicin).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>E. coli</i> SM10λpir (pUCP24T) underwent continuous passage culture by serial transfer for 50 days on agar plates containing 30 μg/mL Gm to obtain <i>E. coli</i> SM10λpir (pUCP24T)-E. Two strains were compared for the horizontal gene transfer ability, stability of plasmid pUCP24T, fitness cost, and expression of conjugation-related genes. Based on whole genome and RNA sequencing data, functional enrichment analysis (GO and KEGG) was conducted, along with analyses of plasmid sequencing depth, SNPs, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The conjugation frequency of <i>E. coli</i> SM10λpir (pUCP24T)-E with recipient PAO1 was higher, and its <i>traI</i> expression was significantly upregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the same strain, the growth rate and competition index were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05); the sequencing depth of plasmid pUCP24T and the relative expression of the <i>rep</i> gene were much higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but the plasmid showed reduced stability. Functional enrichment analysis suggested a possible enhancement of certain physiological processes and metabolic pathways. A total of 1294 DEGs were detected, with obvious upregulation of <i>hycB</i>, <i>hycD</i>, <i>nikE</i>, <i>cspA</i>, and <i>nanA</i>, and obvious downregulation of <i>gadB</i>, <i>gadC</i>, <i>yeiQ</i>, and <i>yjiH</i>, transcription factors (<i>appY</i>, <i>gadE</i>), and sRNAs (<i>arrS</i>, <i>isrC</i>). Additionally, the expression of aerobic respiratory pathway genes (<i>cyoABCDE</i>) in <i>E. coli</i> SM10λpir (pUCP24T)-E increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The enhanced conjugation frequency during adaptation may be attributed to increased expression of the transfer gene <i>traI</i> and an elevated copy number of plasmid pUCP24T. A heavier fitness cost was imposed on the host during this process. Aerobic respiration and metabolic efficiency were likely potentiated. sRNA <i>isrC</i> was hypothesized to inhibit aerobic respiration by targeting the cytochrome bo oxidase subunit <i>cyoD</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6978370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13168525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147943581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Analyses of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates From Outpatient Blood Samples in Mukuru Slum, Nairobi, Kenya.","authors":"Jeremiah Ogeto, Simon Mitema, Gabriel Aboge, Alfred Mainga, Gervason Moriasi","doi":"10.1155/cjid/3974296","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/3974296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bloodstream infections caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and its methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) represent a major clinical challenge, contributing to prolonged illness, increased healthcare costs, and high mortality worldwide. In low-resource settings, these infections are further aggravated by overcrowding, poor sanitation, and limited access to healthcare. Mukuru, the second-largest informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, is characterized by such socioenvironmental conditions, which plausibly facilitate the transmission and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, including MRSA. Therefore, the aim of the study was to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance patterns of <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from outpatient blood samples collected in Mukuru Slum settlement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed blood samples collected from outpatients in Mukuru informal settlement. <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were identified using standard microbiological cultures and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against a panel of 10 antibiotics. The molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance genes (<i>mecA</i>, <i>mecC</i>, <i>gyrA</i>, <i>gyrB</i>, and <i>tetM</i>) was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), agarose gel electrophoresis, and sequencing (<i>mecA</i>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were recovered. Phenotypic resistance rates were sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (54.7%), ampicillin (50.9%), cefoxitin (37.7%), tetracycline (35.9%), ciprofloxacin (28.3%), gentamicin (28.3%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (28.3%), and erythromycin (18.9%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 35.8% of the isolates. Genotypic analysis revealed that 82.4% of the cefoxitin-resistant MRSA isolates harbored the <i>mecA</i> gene, while <i>mecC</i> was not detected. Among ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, 91.7% possessed the <i>gyrA</i> gene and 75.0% carried <i>gyrB</i>. The <i>tetM</i> gene was detected in 60.0% of tetracycline-resistant isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals a high prevalence of MDR <i>S. aureus</i> and MRSA in the study population, driven by significant resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics such as penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The strong concordance between phenotypic resistance and the presence of <i>mecA</i>, <i>gyrA</i>, and <i>tetM</i> genes underscores the genetic basis of resistance in this setting. These findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced antimicrobial stewardship and infection control measures in informal settlements.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3974296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Biofilm-Forming Uropathogens: Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns at Nepal Police Hospital, Kathmandu.","authors":"Niroj Man Amatya, Samena Shrestha, Nikita Syangtan Tamang, Muna Bista, Shruti Gautam, Jayandra Shrestha, Samriddhi Karki","doi":"10.1155/cjid/6625304","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/6625304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections with growing treatment challenges due to the rise of antimicrobial resistance. Additionally, the characteristics of the pathogens responsible for UTIs are changing, primarily due to the emergence of biofilms. Biofilms, which are structured microbial communities, pose a significant public health threat because of their inherent resistance to antimicrobial treatments. Hence, this cross-sectional study aimed to isolate and characterize uropathogenic bacteria capable of forming biofilm and exhibiting antimicrobial resistance among patients seeking microbiology laboratory services at the Nepal Police Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Uropathogens were isolated from midstream urine samples using CLED, Blood, and MacConkey agar. Standard microbiological techniques were employed for identification of pathogen. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and biofilm formation was assessed using the microtiter plate method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2081 samples analyzed, significant bacterial growth was observed in 184 (8.84%) of the samples. The predominant pathogens were <i>Escherichia coli</i> (39.7%), followed by <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (26.6%) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (7.8%). Amikacin, levofloxacin, and tigecycline were the most effective antibiotics. Among the isolates, 32 (17.39%) were confirmed as MDR. Biofilm production was confirmed in six isolates (3.26%), with two <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and one <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> identified as strong biofilm producers, while two <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and one <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. exhibited weak biofilm production. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between antibiotic resistance and biofilm production (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biofilm-forming uropathogens present substantial challenges in UTI treatment. Importantly, our study did not find a correlation between antibiotic resistance and biofilm production, suggesting that these traits may be independent or influenced by different pathogenic mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6625304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13111802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colistin Resistance in Bacteria: Current Updates on Mechanism of Action and Combating Strategies.","authors":"Indu Singh, Anil Kumar, Indira Kumari Verma, Divakar Sharma, Amritesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1155/cjid/8603173","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/8603173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid development of colistin-resistant bacteria is the biggest global health issue since colistin is referred to as a 'last-hope resource' against life-threatening infections caused by GNB (Gram-negative bacteria). Injudicious and excessive colistin application in clinical, agricultural and veterinary practices, as well as plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer and chromosomal mutation, commonly contribute to colistin resistance. The coexistence of the <i>mcr</i>-1 gene with <i>mcr</i> variants, other intrinsic genes and other mechanisms might provide additional resistance strength against colistin. To prevent the emergence of colistin-resistant strains and preserve the therapeutic efficacy of existing antibiotics, we must expand our deep understanding of colistin-resistant strains at the molecular level. This critical review discusses the mechanism of action, various bacterial resistance mechanisms, the presence of <i>mcr</i> genes in bacterial plasmids, hetero-resistance, biofilm formation, the horizontal transfer or dispersion of colistin-resistant genes and combating strategies. Our synthesis underscores the need for strategically aligning mechanistic knowledge with practical therapeutic solutions to combat escalating colistin resistance and inform future medical decision-making and research planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8603173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KaiWei JianPI Ointment Downregulates Fcgbp and Modulates HMGB1/TLR4 Signaling to Combat Ferroptosis in <i>H. pylori</i> Infection.","authors":"Xiaoying Zhu, Jie Liu, Meng Chen, Yubo Jin, Yan Dang, Xianfeng Qin, Huijun Tang, Caiqun Bie","doi":"10.1155/cjid/4297059","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/4297059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the therapeutic mechanisms of KaiWei JianPI Ointment in treating <i>H. pylori</i> infection, focusing on its role in regulating ferroptosis and the associated HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, transcriptome sequencing, and molecular biology in this study. Active components of the KaiWei JianPI Ointments were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. Post-treatment transcriptomic changes in rat gastric tissues were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network analysis identified 152 active components targeting key proteins involved in immune responses and cellular signaling. Transcriptome sequencing revealed 76 differentially expressed genes linked to immune response pathways. Additionally, treatment with the KaiWei JianPI Ointment resulted in decreased levels of Fe²⁺ and MDA in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected rats, suggesting inhibition of ferroptosis. This effect correlated with the downregulation of Fcgbp and modulation of HMGB1/TLR4 signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>KaiWei JianPI Ointment shows potential as a novel therapeutic strategy against <i>H. pylori</i> infection by inhibiting ferroptosis through modulation of the HMGB1/TLR4 pathway. This study provides insights into the application of traditional Chinese medicine in modern treatment frameworks, highlighting the need for clinical validation and further exploration of the underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4297059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates From Diarrheal Patients in Jinan, China.","authors":"Chuanmin Ma, Na Li, Lei Wang, Kunyan Li, Ming Liu, Jun Zhou, Hui Liu","doi":"10.1155/cjid/5033217","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/5033217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Salmonella enterica</i> poses a significant public health threat, particularly in developing countries where antibiotic consumption remains high. However, genomic data on circulating <i>Salmonella</i> strains in Eastern China remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize the genomic profiles of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and molecular epidemiology of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates from diarrheal patients in Jinan, China (2017-2020).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 185 <i>Salmonella</i> strains isolated from secondary/tertiary hospital outpatients were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS) on the Illumina platform. Bioinformatic analyses included antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) screening (ResFinder and CARD), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), in silico serotyping (SISTR), and pan-genome analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with highest rates to fluoroquinolones (100%), aminoglycosides (99.46%), and nitroimidazoles (99.46%). ARG profiling revealed aac(6')-Iaa as the predominant gene (98.9%). MLST identified 33 sequence types (STs), dominated by ST34 (28.65%) and ST11 (24.86%). In silico serotyping further confirmed the predominance of the monophasic <i>Salmonella Typhimurium</i> (I 1,4, [5],12:i:-; ST34) and <i>Salmonella Enteritidis</i> (ST11). Pan-genome analysis defined a core genome of 3376 genes (23.35%) and an accessory genome of 9201 cloud genes (63.64%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This first WGS-based surveillance in Jinan highlights the predominance of MDR ST34/ST11 <i>Salmonella</i> with an extremely high prevalence (100%) of fluoroquinolone resistance. The integration of genomic and historical phenotypic data underscores the urgent need to revise empirical therapy for diarrheal diseases and implement genomic surveillance in public health practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5033217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}