Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial Analysis of the Whole Blood in Chinese Healthy Donors Using 16S rDNA-Targeted Metagenomic Sequencing.","authors":"Jingjing Zhang, Yanmin He, Chen Chen, Wei Hu, Ji He, Yanling Ying, Faming Zhu","doi":"10.1155/2024/6635560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6635560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The presence of bacteria in the blood of healthy individuals remains controversial. This study explored the comprehensive bacterial profiles and specific biomarkers in different components of healthy Chinese blood donors. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 5230 whole blood (WB) specimens were collected. Among them, 5200 random samples were pooled into 26 mixed samples for bacterial profile analysis. The remaining 30 random samples were divided into 4 groups based on components: WB, plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), and buffy coat (BC). Subsequently, the amplicons of the bacterial 16S rDNA V3-V4 fragments were sequenced to measure the diversity and composition of the bacteria using next-generation sequencing. <b>Results:</b> The bacterial DNAs in the blood primarily originated from the Proteobacteria phylum. A total of 301 species of bacterial DNA were found in blood specimens, with 46 species being present among all groups. A significantly higher abundance of bacterial DNA was found in the plasma and RBCs compared to those in BC and WB. However, the plasma and RBC groups showed significantly higher species diversity and richness compared to the BC and WB groups. In addition, the WB group had a significantly different community structure and composition compared to the plasma and RBC groups but was similar to the BC group. <b>Conclusion:</b> The presence of bacterial DNA fragments was confirmed in blood from healthy Chinese donors. The bacterial DNA fragments enriched in plasma showed the highest diversity, followed by RBC, WB, and BC. These results provide a foundation for further research on the microbiome in the blood of healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6635560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11498981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Rare but Not so Rare? The Evolving Spectrum of Whipple's Disease\".","authors":"John M Conly, B Lynn Johnston","doi":"10.1155/2024/9809135","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9809135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2001/547516.].</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9809135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Bacterial Characteristics of Bloodstream Infections Caused by <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> in Western China.","authors":"Nan Wang, Liuqing Yang, Yu Yuan, Chongyang Wu, Chao He","doi":"10.1155/2024/7785327","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7785327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> are linked to high mortality of the patients. Case-specific details related to this disease and causative strains in different districts remain to be characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, medical data of BSIs admitted to West China Hospital from October 2017 to March 2023 were retrieved from the hospital information system. The <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing were performed for <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains isolated from blood specimens. The genetic relationship of these strains with those in public databases was also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The in-hospital mortality of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> BSIs was 25.7% (9/35). The changes in consciousness and elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level were found to be the differential factors of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> BSIs (<i>P</i> < 0.05). All the 27 strains studied were susceptible to ampicillin, meropenem, and erythromycin. Only 22.2% of them were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The <i>Listeria</i> pathogenicity islands 1 (LIPI-1), truncated LIPI-2, and multiple virulence-related genes outside the LIPIs were determined from these strains. Also, 12 sequence types (STs) and 12 clonal complexes (CCs) were identified and classified into clonal lineages I (9/27, 33.3%) and lineages II (18/27, 66.7%), demonstrating genetic differences with the strains in the database. ST451/CC11 (5/27, 18.5%) and ST8/CC8 (4/27, 14.8%) were the common genotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The consciousness change and elevated serum CRP level were found to be the differential factors of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> BSIs. Considering the high virulence of the strains, it is needed to pay more attention to the dissemination of the predominant genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7785327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal Drug Susceptibility Profile of <i>Candida kefyr</i> Isolated from Clinical Samples and Dairy Products.","authors":"Zahra Zareshahrabadi, Samin Khaliji, Maryam Roudbari, Kamiar Zomorodian","doi":"10.1155/2024/6594366","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6594366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring drug susceptibility is a critical endeavor in the scientific community, setting the stage for advancements in understanding and combating various pathogens. <i>Candida kefyr</i> has emerged as a significant pathogen, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals with hematologic malignancies and HIV/AIDS conditions. This study aimed to assess the antifungal susceptibility profile of <i>Candida kefyr</i> isolates obtained from clinical samples and dairy products. A total of 134 <i>Candida kefyr</i> yeast isolates were retrieved from three distinct groups: (1) healthy individuals (<i>n</i> = 41), (2) patients (<i>n</i> = 24) including hematologic malignancy (<i>n</i> = 9), HIV/AIDS (<i>n</i> = 7), and diabetes (<i>n</i> = 8), (3) dairy products (milk, yogurt, and cheese, <i>n</i> = 69) stored at -70°C in the Shiraz University of Medical Science. All <i>Candida kefyr</i> isolates were previously identified using conventional and molecular methods. Susceptibility to antifungal drugs, including caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B, was determined using the microdilution method following CLSI-M27-A3 protocols, with results interpreted according to CLSI-M27-S4 guidelines. The study emphasizes the clear variation in antifungal susceptibility testing of <i>Candida kefyr</i> strains when compared across different groups, including patients, healthy people, and dairy products. According to the results, across all groups, a high minimum inhibitory concentration of fluconazole is evident, and healthy individuals show the highest minimum inhibitory concentration geometric means (4.0681). Also, 79.1% of the isolates were wild type to amphotericin B, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration compared to other antifungals tested. This suggests that amphotericin B was more effective against <i>Candida kefyr</i>. These findings showed fewer susceptibilities of <i>Candida kefyr</i> to both triazole and echinocandin classes of antifungal agents. Additionally, it is noteworthy that individuals without medical conditions exhibited higher minimum inhibitory concentration rates to these antifungal agents in comparison to those with underlying health conditions. Consequently, timely diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions emerge as imperative in the effective management of candidiasis cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6594366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Virulence Genotypes, Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, and Biofilm Synthesis in <i>Salmonella</i> spp Isolated from Foodborne Outbreaks.","authors":"Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Ahmad Nasser, Samira Karimaei","doi":"10.1155/2024/4805228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4805228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i> is the main bacterial pathogen that causes foodborne disease, particularly in developing countries. Nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS) include <i>Enteritidis</i> and <i>Typhimurium</i> as the most prevalent strains which are one of the significant causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. Therefore, identifying the most predominant serovars, types of common contaminated food, and paying attention to their antibiotic resistance are the main factors in the prevention and control strategy of salmonellosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence rate of serovars, the biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) status, and phenotypic virulence factors of <i>Salmonella</i> strains isolated from diarrhea samples in some cities of Iran. A total of 40 (10.41%) <i>Salmonella</i> isolates were recovered from 384 diarrhea samples processed and the most common serovar was <i>Salmonella</i> serovar <i>Typhimurium</i> (82.5). Also, all isolates belonging to serovar <i>Typhimurium</i> showed more virulence factors compared to other serovars. The isolates showed a high resistance rate to ampicillin (95%) and nalidixic acid (87.5%), while a low resistance rate was found for chloramphenicol (2.5%). Moreover, significant variances in the capacity of biofilm formation were found between different <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes. The resistance of NTS to extant choice drugs is a potential public health problem. Constant monitoring of AMR pattern and virulence profile of NTS serovars is suggested for the prevention of salmonellosis in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4805228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Characteristic of Biofilm Formation in ESBL-Producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> Isolates.","authors":"Xiaofang Gao, Haili Wang, Zhijuan Wu, Pan Sun, Wei Yu, Donghua Chen, Yuhua Mao, Lili Fang, Jia Qian, Li Li, Qian Peng, Yanping Han","doi":"10.1155/2024/1802115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1802115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is a pathogen that commonly causes hospital-acquired infections. Bacterial biofilms are structured bacterial communities that adhere to the surface of objects or biological tissues. In this study, we investigated the genome homology and biofilm formation capacity of ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. Thirty ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates from 25 inpatients at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, were subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to estimate genomic relatedness. Based on the chromosomal DNA patterns we obtained, we identified 21 PFGE profiles from the 30 isolates, eight of which had high homology indicating that they may have genetic relationships and/or potential clonal advantages within the hospital. Approximately 84% (21/25) of the clinical patients had a history of surgery, urinary tract catheterization, and/or arteriovenous intubation, all of which may have increased the risk for nosocomial infections. Biofilms were observed in 73% (22/30) of the isolates and that strains did not express type 3 fimbriae did not have biofilm formation capacity. Above findings indicated that a high percentage of ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates formed biofilms <i>in vitro</i> and even though two strains with cut-off of PFGE reached 100% similarity, they generated biofilms differently. Besides, the variability in biofilm formation ability may be correlated with the expression of type 3 fimbriae. Thus, we next screened four ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates (Kpn5, Kpn7, Kpn11, and Kpn16) with high homology and significant differences in biofilm formation using PFGE molecular typing, colony morphology, and crystal violet tests. Kpn7 and Kpn16 had stronger biofilm formation abilities compared with Kpn5 and Kpn11. The ability of above four ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates to agglutinate in a mannose-resistant manner or in a mannose-sensitive manner, as well as RNA sequencing-based transcriptome results, showed that type 3 fimbriae play a significant role in biofilm formation. In contrast, type 1 fimbriae were downregulated during biofilm formation. Further research is needed to fully understand the regulatory mechanisms which underlie these processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1802115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Hypervirulent and Multidrug-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from ICU Respiratory Infections.","authors":"Jinjun Qiu, Peng Zhu, Kailash Wagh, Neha Singh, Shaowei Dong","doi":"10.1155/2024/9670708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9670708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of hypervirulent strains of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> poses a significant threat in intensive care units (ICU). This study aimed to molecularly characterize hypervirulent <i>A. baumannii</i> strains isolated from ICU patients with respiratory infections. Six strains were isolated from ICU patients over one month. Isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization biochemical properties and 16s RNA sequencing. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted followed by resistance genes detection by PCR. MLST, and PFGE were employed to analyse clonal relationships among strains. Plasmid replicon typing and plasmid transmission frequencies were determined. The isolated strains exhibited diverse clinical manifestations, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug-resistance phenotype. Molecular analysis revealed a complex genetic landscape of antibiotic resistance genes, including ESBLs and carbapenemases, as well as virulence genes such as <i>omp</i>A, <i>csu</i>E, and <i>exo</i>S. The multiple sequence types indicating genetic diversity among the strains as ST1512, ST622, and ST149 (each type two isolates). Plasmid characterization revealed the presence of diverse replicon types associated with multidrug resistance. This study provides comprehensive insights into the phenotypic, molecular, and epidemiological characteristics of hypervirulent <i>A. baumannii</i> outbark in ICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9670708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Mortality, Drug Resistance, and Determinants among Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Enterobacteriales</i> Infections in Chinese Elderly Patients.","authors":"Yufei Zhang, Chengyun Zou, Jie Qin, Muyi Li, Xing Wang, Tian Wei, Haiying Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/5459549","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5459549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elderly patients with carbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacteriales</i> (CRE) infections represent considerable mortality rates. But data on the risk factors for the death of elderly patients following such infection remain limited. We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes, identify mortality-associated risk factors, and determine the antibiotic resistance and resistance genes of isolates for these patients. Hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years with CRE infection from January 2020 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Isolates identification and molecular characterization of CRE were carried out. Logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the potential factors associated with mortality. Of the 123 elderly patients with CRE infection included in our study, the all-cause mortality rate was 39.8% (49/123). The most prevalent pathogen was carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CRKP, 116 of 123). The overall rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) were 100.0% and 66.7%. All CRE isolates exclusively harbored a singular variant of carbapenemase gene, such as <i>bla</i> _KPC-2, <i>bla</i> _IMP-4, <i>bla</i> _NDM-5, or <i>bla</i> _OXA-48, while 98.4% of isolates harbored more than one <i>β</i>-lactamase gene, of which 106 (86.2%) isolates harbored <i>bla</i> _CTX-M, 121 (98.4%) isolates harbored <i>bla</i> _TEM, and 116 (94.3%) isolates harbored <i>bla</i> _SHV. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that mechanical ventilation (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 33.607, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.176-270.463, <i>P</i> < 0.001), use of tigecycline during hospitalization (AOR = 5.868, 95% CI: 1.318-26.130, <i>P</i> = 0.020), and APACHE II score (AOR = 1.305, 95% CI: 1.161-1.468, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were independent factors associated with increasing the mortality of patients with CRE infection, while admission to intensive care unit (ICU) during hospitalization (AOR = 0.046, 95% CI: 0.004-0.496, <i>P</i> = 0.011) was a protective factor. CRE-infected elderly patients with mechanical ventilation, use of tigecycline during hospitalization, and high APACHE II score were related to poor outcomes. The isolates carried various antibiotic genes and presented high antibiotic resistance. These findings provide crucial guidance for clinicians to devise appropriate strategies for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5459549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Evaluation of Heteroresistance among Carbapenem-Susceptible Clinical Isolates of Enterobacterales.","authors":"İpek Koçer, Mehmet Eri Nmez, Yasemin Zer","doi":"10.1155/2024/5014876","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5014876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenems currently serve as the last line of defense when treating serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacterale<i>s</i> species; however, heteroresistance of these species is thought to cause failure in the treatment with these broad-spectrum antibiotics. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of carbapenem heteroresistance and associated genotypic modifications among phenotypically meropenem-susceptible <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolates. A total of 204 isolates of <i>E. coli</i> (<i>n</i>: 118) and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (<i>n</i>: 86) from various clinical samples were included in this prospective experimental study. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates were performed by VITEK® (bioMérieux, France). Strains that were found susceptible to carbapenem group antibiotics (meropenem, imipenem, and ertapenem) with automated system were further investigated by disk diffusion method. The isolates with discrete colony growth within the clear inhibition zone among phenotypically meropenem-susceptible strains were tested for heteroresistance with the \"gold standard\" population analysis profile-area under the curve (PAP-AUC) method. In addition, heteroresistant isolates were analyzed for the presence of carbapenemase genes with in-house PCR method. The heteroresistance prevalence rate was 3.5% for <i>E. coli</i> and 18.1% for <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. The presence of heteroresistance in a total of 10 meropenem-susceptible isolates (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>n</i>: 4; <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, <i>n</i>: 6) was confirmed by the PAP-AUC method. The most frequently detected carbapenemase in heteroresistant isolates was OXA-48 (6/10), followed by NDM-1 (2/10). Meropenem is frequently preferred as initial empirical monotherapy in most of Gram-negative infections in adult and pediatric patients. The presence of heteroresistance against meropenem is too important to ignore, and for this reason, it seems beneficial to prefer combined treatment regimens in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5014876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Therapeutic Effects and Immunoregulatory Mechanism of Maxing Shigan Decoction Combined with Sijunzi Decoction on Viral Pneumonia in Mice.","authors":"Huimin Huang, Huanhua Yang, Zurong Zhang, Yunlong Song, Li Li, Ke Li, Junjie Zhang, Xiaoyu Qi, Ying Wu","doi":"10.1155/2024/2017992","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/2017992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza is defined in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an epidemic febrile illness and is usually treated with herbal compound formulas under the guidance of the \"Qu Xie and Fu Zheng\" theories. Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang (MXSGD) is a prominent remedy for clearing heat and detoxifying toxins in the clinical treatment of influenza in TCM, playing the role of \"Qu Xie.\" Si Jun Zi Tang (SJZD) is recognized as one of the \"Fu Zheng\" formulas for strengthening the spleen and nourishing the stomach, with immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we followed the principles of \"Qu Xie and Fu Zheng\" to explore the effects of MXSGD combined with SJZD on viral pneumonia and its mechanism. Results showed that the couse of MXSGD and SJZD was effective in reducing the mortality rates and severity of lung pathology in lethally infected FM1 mice compared to the use of either drug alone. Moreover, further research demonstrated that the combined use suppressed TLRs and NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathways at 4 dpi while promoting them at 7 dpi. At 10 dpi, there was a significant increase in CD11c⁺ and CD103⁺ DCs in the lungs. Together, SJZD improved the therapeutic effectiveness of MXSGD in treating influenza virus pneumonia than when used alone. MXSGD and SJZD exhibit synergistic effects in the treatment of influenza, as evidenced by the inhibition of TLR7 and NLRP3 inflammatory pathways early in the infection and facilitation of the response later. They also increase CD11c⁺ and CD103⁺ DC levels, as well as balancing Th1/Th2 cytokines.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"2017992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}