{"title":"The Prognostic Role of Pitt Bacteremia Score in Patients With Nonbacteremic <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Infections.","authors":"Jia-Mei Chang, Kuo-Hsuan Lin, Chung-Hsu Lai, I-Ting Tsai, Yin-Chou Hsu","doi":"10.1155/cjid/6780766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cjid/6780766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> infection causes various diseases and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The Pitt bacteremia score (PBS) is a well-known prognostic predictor in patients with bacteremia. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of the PBS in patients with nonbacteremic <i>K. pneumoniae</i> infections and compare its mortality discriminative ability with that of other risk scoring systems. <b>Methods:</b> Data were retrospectively collected from emergency department patients in E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, within 2021. All adult patients (aged ≥ 20 years) during this period and diagnosed with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> infections were included. The baseline demographics, laboratory results, infection sources, and clinical outcomes of nonbacteremic patients were extracted, and the patients were further divided into low (< 4) and high (≥ 4) PBS groups for comparison. <b>Results:</b> A total of 863 patients with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> infection were identified, and 639 nonbacteremic patients were enrolled. There were similar demographics between the bacteremic and nonbacteremic groups. Regarding clinical outcomes in nonbacteremic patients, the high PBS group had significantly higher risk of septic shock (77.9% vs. 4.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), intensive care unit admission (71.3% vs. 8.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), respiratory failure (71.3% vs. 2.4%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), and 30-day mortality (34.6% vs. 3.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The area under the curve of the scoring systems regarding 30-day mortality prediction ability was as follows: sequential organ failure assessment score 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.86-0.91), PBS 0.86 (95% CI = 0.83-0.88), quick sequential organ failure assessment score 0.71 (95% CI = 0.67-0.74), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome 0.62 (95% CI = 0.58-0.66). <b>Conclusion:</b> PBS correlated with adverse outcomes and good mortality prediction ability in patients with nonbacteremic <i>K. pneumoniae</i> infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6780766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Prevalence of <i>Candida albicans</i> in High-Risk Human Papillomavirus-Positive Women: A Study in Diyarbakır Province, Turkey\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/cjid/9801739","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/9801739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2023/9945561.].</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9801739"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12274085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Critical Review of the CRISPR-Cas Technology in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Juezhuo Li, Jiawei Zhou, Jiaye Zhong, Yue Xu, Xiaolei Mao, Minghui Xu, Shuyin Luo, Yi Yang, Ruiyao Hu, Dong-Ang Liu, Shiyu Chen, Yuting Qiu, Keyi Chen, Jinghua Yuan, Xinling Zhang, Xiaoping Li","doi":"10.1155/cjid/9107724","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/9107724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still going on, and as the epidemic situation continues, the genome of SARS-CoV-2 is also mutating and evolving, resulting in more and more SARS-CoV-2 mutant strains, which have brought serious pressure on the prevention and control of COVID-19. Given that the COVID-19 is still spreading, it is extremely important to rapidly identify SARS-CoV-2 variants by nucleic acid assays. Thus, developing highly sensitive and specific assays that are suitable for field testing, high-throughput, and automation, as well as other diagnostic applications for SARS-CoV-2 variants, is urgently needed. This paper reviews the research progress of novel CRISPR-based diagnostic methods for SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9107724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zerihun Solomon, Sara Anberbir, Gemechu Churiso, Asaye Mitiku, Alayu Bogale, Habtamu Gebrie, Samuel Tefera, Melkam Andargie, Mesfin Abebe
{"title":"Bacterial Spectrum and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of External Ocular Infections Among Patients Attending Dilla University General Hospital Ophthalmic Clinic, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Zerihun Solomon, Sara Anberbir, Gemechu Churiso, Asaye Mitiku, Alayu Bogale, Habtamu Gebrie, Samuel Tefera, Melkam Andargie, Mesfin Abebe","doi":"10.1155/cjid/5593194","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/5593194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Health professionals in ophthalmic clinics prescribe broad-spectrum topical antibiotics empirically, a major contributing factor to antimicrobial resistance. This practice is also observed in our study area. Thus, this study was done to identify the bacterial spectrum, determine antimicrobial resistance, and identify factors of external eye infections. A cross-sectional study was done from May to December 2023 with a systematic random sampling technique. The study participants' data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. The specimen was taken aseptically and processed using standard microbiological methods. A total of 413 subjects were enrolled in this study. The overall prevalence of bacterial isolates was 52.8% (218/413) [95% CI: 48.0-57.6]. Gram-positive bacteria [70.6% (154/218)] predominate over gram-negative bacteria [29.4% (64/218)]. Considerable bacteria have shown a high percentage of resistance to penicillin and ampicillin. History of eye surface disease (AOR: 11.79, 95% CI: 2.79-49.69; <i>p</i> = 0.001) and previous usage of antibiotics (AOR: 3.47, 95% CI: 1.12-10.73; <i>p</i> = 0.031) have shown a significant association with bacteria isolated from the external part of the eye. The prevalence of bacteria isolated from the external eye was relatively high. Most bacteria have shown resistance to penicillin and ampicillin. Hence, antimicrobial susceptibility tests better monitor the empirical treatment of external eye infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5593194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12253994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Borel Ndezo Bisso, Humera Jahan, Jean Paul Dzoyem, M Iqbal Choudhary
{"title":"Efficacy of Chlorogenic Acid Combined With Cefazolin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Biofilms.","authors":"Borel Ndezo Bisso, Humera Jahan, Jean Paul Dzoyem, M Iqbal Choudhary","doi":"10.1155/cjid/6755742","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/6755742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA), has the ability to cause biofilm associated chronic infections with a high mortality rate. This creates a demand for the improved antibiofilm therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-MRSA and antibiofilm activity of a natural product, chlorogenic acid, in synergy with an antibiotic, cefazolin. <b>Material and Methods:</b> The synergistic effect was measured by the checkerboard method. The antibiofilm activity was analysed by crystal violet staining, MTT assay, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The cytotoxic effect on Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK 293) cells was determined using the MTT assay. Assays were performed in triplicate, and compared using the one-way ANOVA test. <b>Results:</b> When chlorogenic acid and cefazolin were combined at low concentrations, a strong biofilm inhibition in terms of biofilm biomass (88%), and metabolic activity (82%) was observed, as compared to the results obtained for each compound alone. AFM images of biofilms, treated with chlorogenic acid combined with cefazolin, revealed a high destruction of biofilms and extracellular polymeric substances, as compared to each drug alone. A nontoxic effect on HEK 293 cells was observed for the combination of chlorogenic acid and cefazolin. <b>Conclusion:</b> Chlorogenic acid can be used as an adjuvant with currently used antibiotic in the development of combinatory therapies to treat biofilm-associated bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6755742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12226163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effectiveness and Influence of COVID-19 Vaccination on Perinatal Individuals and Their Newborns: An Updated Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zi-Jin Lei, Min-Xi Bai, Min-Jue Li, Peng Jin, Yu-Bin Ding","doi":"10.1155/cjid/6115890","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/6115890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected pregnant individuals, increasing risks of severe illness and adverse outcomes. While vaccination is a key mitigation strategy, initial exclusion from clinical trials led to limited safety data. Despite evidence of vaccine effectiveness, hesitancy persists in this population. <b>Objective and Sources:</b> This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and impact of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant individuals, synthesizing evidence from 82 studies (3,676,654 participants) retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus (2019-2024). Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (80/82 scored ≥ 7). <b>Key Findings:</b> Vaccination reduced maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection risk by 48% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52), with mRNA vaccines showing higher efficacy (52% vs. 43% for inactivated). Maternal hospitalization risk decreased by 42% (OR = 0.58), and severe outcomes by 50% (OR = 0.50). Furthermore, neonatal outcomes improved, including reduced infection (OR = 0.69), preterm birth (OR = 0.87), stillbirth (OR = 0.64), and neonatal death (OR = 0.47). Protection against neonatal death was stronger in individuals without prior infection (OR = 0.43). Third-trimester vaccination may offer better protection against preterm birth. <b>Conclusion:</b> Overall, COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy effectively mitigates infection and adverse maternal/neonatal outcomes, supporting its clinical recommendation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6115890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Filler Content and Polishing on <i>Candida</i> and <i>Streptococci</i> Biofilm Formation in Resin-Based Composites: An In Vitro Evaluation.","authors":"Zahra Zareshahrabadi, Sarina Sahmeddini, Marzieh Meimandinezhad, Afsoon Tondari, Kamiar Zomorodian","doi":"10.1155/cjid/5734405","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/5734405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of filler content and polishing of resin-based composites on in vitro biofilm formation of <i>Candida</i> and <i>Streptococci</i> species. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Specimens of four commercially available resin-based composites including Z100, P60, Z250, and Z350, with different filler amounts and volumes, were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. Each group was divided into polished and unpolished specimens, which were then placed in a 24-well tissue culture plate with microbial suspension and incubated. The XTT technique was used to evaluate biofilm formation. <b>Results:</b> Z250 resin-based composites, which had the highest percentage of filler (68%), had the highest biofilm metabolic activity. A significantly less microbial biofilm metabolic activity was noted on P60 polished resin-based composites than on unpolished groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Polishing procedures reduce biofilm metabolic activity. <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i> produced the least biofilm metabolic activity among the <i>Streptococcal</i> species (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, there were no statistically significant differences between <i>Candida</i> species in the biofilm metabolic activity. <b>Conclusion:</b> The results revealed that the amount of filler in resin-based composites had a major impact on the biofilm metabolic activity. Therefore, resin-based composites with a minimized excess resin matrix, minimized filler amount, and smoother surfaces might be more useful in reducing biofilm metabolic activity and secondary caries. These findings may be useful for modifying novel resin-based composite formulations to improve oral health and patient wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5734405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bacteriological Spectrum and Drug Resistance Among Patients Associated With Bloodstream Infection in Intensive Care Units in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University From 2021 to 2023.","authors":"Yucheng Xie, Xiaochun Tan, Wei Wang, Bailong Hou, Minjie Mao, Xiaoqin Niu, Qinlong Yu, Weifeng Shen","doi":"10.1155/cjid/7841940","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/7841940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bloodstream infections (BSI) in ICU settings are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The ICU environment, with its high use of invasive devices and immunocompromised patients, fosters an increased risk for multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens, complicating treatment strategies. Understanding the epidemiology and resistance patterns in these settings is essential for improving patient outcomes and guiding appropriate antimicrobial stewardship practices. This study retrospectively analyzed data from 640 blood culture samples collected in the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University between January 2021 and December 2023. The blood samples were appropriately collected and cultured. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was employed to identify the isolated strains. Antimicrobial sensitivity was assessed using the VITEK2 system, the Epsilometer test (E-test), and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. A total of 391 bacterial pathogens (61.1%) were isolated. The predominant pathogens causing BSI were Gram-negative bacteria. The most prevalent pathogens during the period were coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> (CoNS, 17.1%), followed by <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (<i>K. pneumoniae</i>, 13.6%), <i>Enterococcus</i> spp (13.6%), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>1</i>2.3%), <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (<i>A. baumannii</i>, 8.4%), and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>, 5.1%). Among the antibiotics tested, tigecycline, linezolid, vancomycin, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were effective against <i>Staphylococci</i> and <i>Enterococci</i>, although some CoNS strains exhibited resistance to vancomycin. Tigecycline showed effectiveness against the main gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, multiple hospitalizations, comorbidity with diabetes, and the use of a central venous catheter were identified as significant risk factors for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in BSI cases. Pathogens isolated from the bloodstream of ICU patients exhibited significant drug resistance. We recommend strategies to mitigate the incidence of MDROs in BSI, including limiting the duration of hospital stays, closely monitoring underlying patient conditions, improving discharge plans, and strengthening transitional care, and prevent infections associated with central venous catheters.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7841940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier Vicente Trejos Pino, Juan Carlos Rodriguez Delgado
{"title":"Clinical Presentations and Nosocomial Infections of Neurolisteriosis.","authors":"Javier Vicente Trejos Pino, Juan Carlos Rodriguez Delgado","doi":"10.1155/cjid/5960643","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjid/5960643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurolisteriosis is a listerial invasive disease, which is characterized by brain parenchymal and meningeal involvement, with a high fatality rate and frequent neurological sequelae. The main clinical presentations of neurolisteriosis are meningitis, meningoencephalitis, rhombencephalitis, and brain abscess. Neuroradiological imaging is useful to distinguish these clinical presentations. The diagnosis of neurolisteriosis may be confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid or blood cultures, but these tests may have different yields depending on the clinical presentation of neurolisteriosis. The elderly and immunocompromised patients are the most susceptible population to developing neurolisteriosis, and few cases occur in healthy young people. This disease is caused by <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, a foodborne pathogen with an intracellular life cycle, which can be found in processed foods, and it remains the third cause of bacterial meningitis in adults. Most cases of neurolisteriosis are community-acquired, but several hospital-acquired cases and outbreaks have been reported in the literature and linked to the consumption of food served to inpatients. Aminopenicillins are the antibiotics with the highest impact on the prognosis of neurolisteriosis, and alternative antimicrobial therapies must be considered in those cases where a first-choice antibiotic cannot be administered or with antibiotic treatment failure. In this article, the epidemiology, sources of infection, pathogenesis, and clinical aspects of neurolisteriosis are reviewed, highlighting the main clinical presentations of the disease. Relevant information regarding hospital-acquired neurolisteriosis is also included to provide a framework for discussing nosocomial cases definition.</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5960643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Decreased Susceptibility of <i>Shigella</i> Isolates to Azithromycin in Children in Tehran, Iran\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/cjid/9894508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cjid/9894508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/4503964.].</p>","PeriodicalId":50715,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9894508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}