Development Growth & Differentiation最新文献

{"title":"Assembly of continuous high-resolution draft genome sequence of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus using long-read sequencing","authors":"Tetsushi Komoto,&nbsp;Kazuho Ikeo,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yaguchi,&nbsp;Takashi Yamamoto,&nbsp;Naoaki Sakamoto,&nbsp;Akinori Awazu","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12924","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12924","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The update of the draft genome assembly of sea urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i>, which is widely studied in East Asia as a model organism of early development, was performed using Oxford nanopore long-read sequencing. The updated assembly provided ~600-Mb genome sequences divided into 2,163 contigs with N50 = 516 kb. BUSCO completeness score and transcriptome model mapping ratio (TMMR) of the present assembly were obtained as 96.5% and 77.8%, respectively. These results were more continuous with higher resolution than those by the previous version of <i>H. pulcherrimus</i> draft genome, HpulGenome_v1, where the number of scaffolds = 16,251 with a total of ~100 Mb, N50 = 143 kb, BUSCO completeness score = 86.1%, and TMMR = 55.4%. The obtained genome contained 36,055 gene models that were consistent with those in other echinoderms. Additionally, two tandem repeat sequences of early histone gene locus containing 47 copies and 34 copies of all histone genes, and 185 of the homologous sequences of the interspecifically conserved region of the <i>Ars</i> insulator, ArsInsC, were obtained. These results provide further advance for genome-wide research of development, gene regulation, and intranuclear structural dynamics of multicellular organisms using <i>H. pulcherrimus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 4","pages":"297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelial–mesenchymal transition contrast in the amputated tail and limb of the northern house gecko, Hemidactylus flaviviridis","authors":"Pooja Raval,&nbsp;Kashmira Khaire,&nbsp;Shashikant Sharma,&nbsp;Suresh Balakrishnan","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12923","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12923","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The northern house gecko <i>Hemidactylus flaviviridis</i> exhibits appendage-specific responses to injuries. The autotomized tail regenerates, whereas the severed limb fails to regrow. Many site-specific cellular processes influence tail regeneration. Herein, we analyzed the epithelial–mesenchymal transition contrast in the lizard's amputated appendages (tail and limb). Morphological observations in the healing frame indicated the formation of regeneration blastema in the tail and scar formation in limb. Histology of the tail showed that epithelial cells closer to mesenchyme appeared less columnar and loosely packed, with little intercellular matrix. Whereas in the limb, the columnar epithelial cells remained tightly packed. Collagen deposition was seen in the limb at the intersection of wound epithelium and mesenchyme, favoring scarring by blocking the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Markers for epithelial–mesenchymal transition were assessed at transcript and protein levels. The regenerating tail showed upregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, and PCNA, favoring epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and proliferation, respectively. In contrast, the scarring limb showed persistently elevated levels of E-cadherin and EpCAM, indicating retention of epithelial characteristics. An attempt was made to screen the resident epithelial stem cell population in both appendages to check their potential role in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), hence the differential wound healing. Upregulation in transcript and protein levels of Nanog and Sox2 was observed in the regenerating tail. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) provided supporting evidence that the epithelial stem cell population in tail remained significantly higher than in limb. Thus, this study focuses on the mechanistic role of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in wound healing, highlighting the molecular details of regeneration and scarring events.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 4","pages":"285-296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the ovary in the spawning process of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain","authors":"Shisheng Tu,&nbsp;Guohong Yu,&nbsp;Fuqiang Ge,&nbsp;Rui Xu,&nbsp;Zhongwen Jin,&nbsp;Xi Xie,&nbsp;Dongfa Zhu","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12921","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12921","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oviposition is induced upon mating in most insects. Spawning is a physiological process that is fundamental for the reproduction of <i>Scylla paramamosain</i>. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the spawning process in this species are poorly understood. Herein, comprehensive ovary transcriptomic analysis was conducted at the germinal vesicle breakdown stage (GVBD), spawning stage, 0.5 h post-spawning stage, and 24 h post-spawning stage of <i>S. paramamosain</i> for gene discovery. A total of 67,230 unigenes were generated, and 27,975 (41.61%) unigenes were annotated. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the different groups were identified, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was subsequently conducted. These results suggested that octopamine (OA) and tyramine (TA) could induce oviposition, while dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) inhibit oviposition. The 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and methyl farnesoate (MF) signal pathways might be positively associated with oviposition. Furthermore, numerous transcripts that encode neuropeptides and their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as CNMamide, RYamide, ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH), GPA2/GPB5 receptor, and Moody receptor, appear to be differentially expressed during the spawning process. Eleven unigenes were selected for qRT-PCR and the pattern was found to be consistent with the transcriptome expression pattern. Our work is the first spawning-related investigation of <i>S. paramamosain</i> focusing on the ovary at the whole transcriptome level. These findings assist in improving our understanding of spawning regulation in <i>S. paramamosain</i> and provide information for oviposition studies in other crustaceans.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 4","pages":"274-284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “maea affects head formation through β-catenin degradation during early Xenopus laevis development”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12920","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12920","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Goto, T., &amp; Shibuya, H. (2023). &lt;i&gt;maea&lt;/i&gt; affects head formation through β-catenin degradation during early &lt;i&gt;Xenopus laevis&lt;/i&gt; development. &lt;i&gt;Development, Growth &amp; Differentiation&lt;/i&gt;, 65(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/dgd.12828&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this article, the German letter “Eszett: ß” was used where the Greek letter “beta: β” should have been used in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following points need to be corrected:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the title,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;i&gt;maea&lt;/i&gt; affects head formation through β-catenin degradation during early &lt;i&gt;Xenopus laevis&lt;/i&gt; development”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the Abstract,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“β-Catenin protein stability is a key factor in canonical Wnt signaling.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Several E3 ubiquitin ligases contribute to β-catenin degradation through the ubiquitin/proteasome system.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The expression levels of the Wnt target genes &lt;i&gt;nodal homolog 3&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;gene 1&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;nodal3.1&lt;/i&gt;), and &lt;i&gt;siamois homeodomain 1&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;sia1&lt;/i&gt;), which were induced by injection with &lt;i&gt;β-catenin&lt;/i&gt; mRNA, were reduced by maea.S mRNA co-injection. maea.S overexpression at the anterior dorsal region enlarged head structures, whereas Maea knockdown interfered with head formation in &lt;i&gt;Xenopus&lt;/i&gt; embryos.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Maea.S decreased and ubiquitinated β-catenin protein.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“β-catenin-4KRs protein, which mutated the four lysine (K) residues known as ubiquitinated sites to arginine (R) residues, was also ubiquitinated and degraded by Maea.S.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the KEYWORDS,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“degradation, maea, β-catenin, ubiquitination, &lt;i&gt;Xenopus laevis&lt;/i&gt;”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the INTRODUCTION (first paragraph),&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The key aspect of Wnt signalling is β-catenin protein stability. Disheveled segment polarity protein (Dvl) is recruited at the cell membrane and prevents β-catenin degradation under the Wnt-on state.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Under the Wnt-off state, Axin1, adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc), casein kinase 1 alpha 1 (Csnk1α1), and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (Gsk3β) form the destruction complex to phosphorylate β-catenin protein (Liu et al., 2002).”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Phosphorylated β-catenin is ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin ligases, such as beta-transducin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (Btrc), and is then degraded by the proteasome system.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the INTRODUCTION (third paragraph),&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“There are four lysine residues known as ubiquitinated sites in β-catenin protein. Both lysine residues 19 and 49 are ubiquitinated by Btrc (Winer et al., 2006) and jade family PHD finger 1 (Jade1) (Chitalia et al., 2008).”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Additionally, Siah E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1 (Siah1) ubiquitinates β-catenin at lysine residues 666 and 671 (Dimitrova et al., 2010).”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“HECT, UBA, and WWE domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Huwe1) and SNF2 histone linker PHD RING helicase, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Shprh) are also related to β-catenin protein degradation, but the sites they ubiquitinate have not been identified (Dominguez-Brauer et al., 2017; Qu et al., 2016).”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the INTRODUCTIO","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"266-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic screening of fish-specific genes in gnathostomes and their functions in fin development","authors":"Hidehiro Kudoh,&nbsp;Sayuri Yonei-Tamura,&nbsp;Gembu Abe,&nbsp;Junichi Iwakiri,&nbsp;Masahiro Uesaka,&nbsp;Takashi Makino,&nbsp;Koji Tamura","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12918","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12918","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we comprehensively searched for fish-specific genes in gnathostomes that contribute to development of the fin, a fish-specific trait. Many previous reports suggested that animal group-specific genes are often important for group-specific traits. Clarifying the roles of fish-specific genes in fin development of gnathostomes, for example, can help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the formation of this trait. We first identified 91 fish-specific genes in gnathostomes by comparing the gene repertoire in 16 fish and 35 tetrapod species. RNA-seq analysis narrowed down the 91 candidates to 33 genes that were expressed in the developing pectoral fin. We analyzed the functions of approximately half of the candidate genes by loss-of-function analysis in zebrafish. We found that some of the fish-specific and fin development-related genes, including <i>fgf24</i> and <i>and1</i>/<i>and2</i>, play roles in fin development. In particular, the newly identified fish-specific gene <i>qkia</i> is expressed in the developing fin muscle and contributes to muscle morphogenesis in the pectoral fin as well as body trunk. These results indicate that the strategy of identifying animal group-specific genes is functional and useful. The methods applied here could be used in future studies to identify trait-associated genes in other animal groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"235-247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12918","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a heat-stable alkaline phosphatase reporter system for cis-regulatory analysis and its application to 3D digital imaging of Xenopus embryonic tissues","authors":"Kiyo Sakagami,&nbsp;Takeshi Igawa,&nbsp;Kaori Saikawa,&nbsp;Yusuke Sakaguchi,&nbsp;Nusrat Hossain,&nbsp;Chiho Kato,&nbsp;Kazuhito Kinemori,&nbsp;Nanoka Suzuki,&nbsp;Makoto Suzuki,&nbsp;Akane Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Haruki Ochi,&nbsp;Yuki Tajika,&nbsp;Hajime Ogino","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12919","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Xenopus</i> is one of the essential model systems for studying vertebrate development. However, one drawback of this system is that, because of the opacity of <i>Xenopus</i> embryos, 3D imaging analysis is limited to surface structures, explant cultures, and post-embryonic tadpoles. To develop a technique for 3D tissue/organ imaging in whole <i>Xenopus</i> embryos, we identified optimal conditions for using placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) as a transgenic reporter and applied it to the correlative light microscopy and block-face imaging (CoMBI) method for visualization of PLAP-expressing tissues/organs. In embryos whose endogenous alkaline phosphatase activities were heat-inactivated, PLAP staining visualized various tissue-specific enhancer/promoter activities in a manner consistent with green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence. Furthermore, PLAP staining appeared to be more sensitive than GFP fluorescence as a reporter, and the resulting expression patterns were not mosaic, in striking contrast to the mosaic staining pattern of β-galactosidase expressed from the <i>lacZ</i> gene that was introduced by the same transgenesis method. Owing to efficient penetration of alkaline phosphatase substrates, PLAP activity was detected in deep tissues, such as the developing brain, spinal cord, heart, and somites, by whole-mount staining. The stained embryos were analyzed by the CoMBI method, resulting in the digital reconstruction of 3D images of the PLAP-expressing tissues. These results demonstrate the efficacy of the PLAP reporter system for detecting enhancer/promoter activities driving deep tissue expression and its combination with the CoMBI method as a powerful approach for 3D digital imaging analysis of specific tissue/organ structures in <i>Xenopus</i> embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"256-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell adhesion and actin dynamics factors promote axonal extension and synapse formation in transplanted Drosophila photoreceptor cells","authors":"Riku Iwanaga,&nbsp;Nagisa Yahagi,&nbsp;Satoko Hakeda-Suzuki,&nbsp;Takashi Suzuki","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12916","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12916","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vision is formed by the transmission of light stimuli to the brain through axons extending from photoreceptor cells. Damage to these axons leads to loss of vision. Despite research on neural circuit regeneration through transplantation, achieving precise axon projection remains challenging. To achieve optic nerve regeneration by transplantation, we employed the <i>Drosophila</i> visual system. We previously established a transplantation method for <i>Drosophila</i> utilizing photoreceptor precursor cells extracted from the eye disc. However, little axonal elongation of transplanted cells into the brain, the lamina, was observed. We verified axonal elongation to the lamina by modifying the selection process for transplanted cells. Moreover, we focused on N-cadherin (Ncad), a cell adhesion factor, and Twinstar (Tsr), which has been shown to promote actin reorganization and induce axon elongation in damaged nerves. Overexpression of <i>Ncad</i> and <i>tsr</i> promoted axon elongation to the lamina, along with presynaptic structure formation in the elongating axons. Furthermore, overexpression of <i>Neurexin-1</i> (<i>Nrx-1</i>), encoding a protein identified as a synaptic organizer, was found to not only promote presynapse formation but also enhance axon elongation. By introducing <i>Ncad</i>, <i>tsr</i>, and <i>Nrx-1</i>, we not only successfully achieved axonal projection of transplanted cells to the brain beyond the retina, but also confirmed the projection of transplanted cells into a deeper ganglion, the medulla. The present study offers valuable insights to realize regeneration through transplantation in a more complex nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"205-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12916","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionarily conserved roles of foxg1a in the developing subpallium of zebrafish embryos","authors":"Koto Umeda,&nbsp;Kaiho Tanaka,&nbsp;Gazlima Chowdhury,&nbsp;Kouhei Nasu,&nbsp;Yuri Kuroyanagi,&nbsp;Kyo Yamasu","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12917","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12917","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The vertebrate telencephalic lobes consist of the pallium (dorsal) and subpallium (ventral). The subpallium gives rise to the basal ganglia, encompassing the pallidum and striatum. The development of this region is believed to depend on Foxg1/Foxg1a functions in both mice and zebrafish. This study aims to elucidate the genetic regulatory network controlled by <i>foxg1a</i> in subpallium development using zebrafish as a model. The expression gradient of <i>foxg1a</i> within the developing telencephalon was examined semi-quantitatively in initial investigations. Utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, we subsequently established a <i>foxg1a</i> mutant line and observed the resultant phenotypes. Morphological assessment revealed that <i>foxg1a</i> mutants exhibit a thin telencephalon together with a misshapen preoptic area (POA). Notably, accumulation of apoptotic cells was identified in this region. In mutants at 24 h postfertilization, the expression of pallium markers expanded ventrally, while that of subpallium markers was markedly suppressed. Concurrently, the expression of <i>fgf8a</i>, <i>vax2</i>, and <i>six3b</i> was shifted ventrally, causing anomalous expression in regions typical of POA formation in wild-type embryos. Consequently, the <i>foxg1a</i> mutation led to expansion of the pallium and disrupted the subpallium and POA. This highlights a pivotal role of <i>foxg1a</i> in directing the dorsoventral patterning of the telencephalon, particularly in subpallium differentiation, mirroring observations in mice. Additionally, reduced expression of neural progenitor maintenance genes was detected in mutants, suggesting the necessity of <i>foxg1a</i> in preserving neural progenitors. Collectively, these findings underscore evolutionarily conserved functions of <i>foxg1</i> in the development of the subpallium in vertebrate embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"219-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FGF-stimulated tendon cells embrace a chondrogenic fate with BMP7 in newt tissue culture","authors":"Nao Sugiura,&nbsp;Kiyokazu Agata","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12913","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12913","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Newts can regenerate functional elbow joints after amputation at the joint level. Previous studies have suggested the potential contribution of cells from residual tendon tissues to joint cartilage regeneration. A serum-free tissue culture system for tendons was established to explore cell dynamics during joint regeneration. Culturing isolated tendons in this system, stimulated by regeneration-related factors, such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and platelet-derived growth factor, led to robust cell migration and proliferation. Moreover, cells proliferating in an FGF-rich environment differentiated into Sox9-positive chondrocytes upon BMP7 introduction. These findings suggest that FGF-stimulated cells from tendons may aid in joint cartilage regeneration during functional elbow joint regeneration in newts.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"182-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12913","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissection of N-deacetylase and N-sulfotransferase activities of NDST1 and their effects on Wnt8 distribution and signaling in Xenopus embryos","authors":"Minako Suzuki,&nbsp;Shinji Takada,&nbsp;Yusuke Mii","doi":"10.1111/dgd.12915","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.12915","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wnt is a family of secreted signaling proteins involved in the regulation of cellular processes, including maintenance of stem cells, carcinogenesis, and cell differentiation. In the context of early vertebrate embryogenesis, graded distribution of Wnt proteins has been thought to regulate positional information along the antero-posterior axis. However, understanding of the molecular basis for Wnt spatial distribution remains poor. Modified states of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans are essential for Wnt8 localization, because depletion of <i>N</i>-deacetylase/<i>N</i>-sulfotransferase 1 (NDST1), a modification enzyme of HS chains, decreases Wnt8 levels and NDST1 overexpression increases Wnt8 levels on the cell surface. Since overexpression of NDST1 increases both deacetylation and <i>N</i>-sulfation of HS chains, it is not clear which function of NDST1 is actually involved in Wnt8 localization. In the present study, we generated an NDST1 mutant that specifically increases deacetylation, but not <i>N</i>-sulfation, of HS chains in <i>Xenopus</i> embryos. Unlike wild-type NDST1, this mutant did not increase Wnt8 accumulation on the cell surface, but it reduced canonical Wnt signaling, as determined with the TOP-Flash reporter assay. These results suggest that <i>N</i>-sulfation of HS chains is responsible for localization of Wnt8 and Wnt8 signaling, whereas deacetylation has an inhibitory effect on canonical Wnt signaling. Consistently, overexpression of wild-type NDST1, but not the mutant, resulted in small eyes in <i>Xenopus</i> embryos. Thus, our NDST1 mutant enables us to dissect the regulation of Wnt8 localization and signaling by HS proteoglycans by specifically manipulating the enzymatic activities of NDST1.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"66 3","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.12915","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}