{"title":"Maternal Organ Growth: How the Adult Intestine Remodels During Pregnancy and Lactation","authors":"Tomotsune Ameku","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adult organs exhibit remarkable plasticity, dynamically adjusting their size and function to meet physiological demands. The small-intestinal epithelium, one of the most rapidly renewing tissues in mammals, undergoes extensive growth and remodeling in response to diet, injury, microbiota changes, and reproduction. Reproduction is an energetically demanding process that requires precise regulation of maternal physiology to support fetal development and neonatal growth. In many mammals including humans, pregnancy induces systemic changes in hormones, metabolism, and immunity. At the organ level, pregnant and lactating females show increases in intestinal size across species such as mice, rats, sheep, and pigs—a phenomenon first documented nearly a century ago. However, the molecular mechanisms governing maternal intestinal remodeling during reproduction, and its physiological significance, remained unclear until recently. Emerging studies, including our recent work, have begun to reveal the cellular changes, molecular mechanisms, and triggers underlying this adaptive growth. This review summarizes current knowledge of intestinal epithelial plasticity in the context of reproduction, integrating findings from both reproductive and non-reproductive settings. Understanding how the adult intestine adapts to physiological challenges offers valuable insights into developmental biology and has important implications for maternal metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145812110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CEPR1 Mediates Sucrose-Dependent Inhibition of Lateral Root Growth in Response to Nitrate Availability in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Saxon H. Honey, Frans E. Tax","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plant growth is intricately linked to the development of a robust and extensive root system, a process that is finely tuned by the plant's ability to sense and respond to environmental nutrient cues. Among these, nitrate and photosynthetically derived sucrose stand out as key regulators of root architecture, guiding plants in their foraging efforts to maximize resource acquisition. However, the mechanisms by which plants integrate these signals to modulate root growth, particularly lateral root development, remain only partially understood. This study employs differential growth analysis to determine the degree of interplay between nitrate and sucrose sensing pathways mediating root growth, specifically refining the role for CEP (C-terminally Encoded Peptide) Receptor 1 (CEPR1). Pathways modulating root growth in response to perception of nitrate and sucrose do not operate independently and rely on CEPR1 to dynamically inhibit lateral root growth based on nitrate availability in a sucrose dependent manner. These findings highlight the interplay between distinct nutrient sensing pathways in adjusting plant root architecture and accentuate the sophisticated adaptive strategies plants employ in nutrient foraging.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masaki Masukawa, Ryoma Ota, Kana Innami, Satoru Kobayashi
{"title":"Somatic Cells Induce Male-Biased Translational Activity in the Germline of Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Masaki Masukawa, Ryoma Ota, Kana Innami, Satoru Kobayashi","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The germline of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> originates from primordial germ cells (PGCs). The sex of PGCs is determined during mid-to-late embryogenesis, and PGCs subsequently begin to differentiate into eggs or sperm. Several genes involved in the sex determination of PGCs have been identified, but the mechanisms underlying sex differentiation remain unclear. To clarify these mechanisms, identifying the sex-specific differences in PGCs and elucidating how these differences arise is necessary. We previously found that translational activity in PGCs was higher in males than in females at the late embryonic stage. However, it remains unclear when male-biased translational activity is initiated and the mechanisms that induce this bias are unknown. Here, we show that male-biased translational activity in PGCs is observed from the stage when the JAK/STAT pathway, a known masculinizing pathway in PGCs, is activated. Furthermore, this male-biased translational activity depended on the sex of the surrounding somatic cells. Moreover, the JAK/STAT pathway did not affect male-biased translational activity in embryonic PGCs, although it did affect larval germline cells. These findings suggest that embryonic PGCs respond to previously unidentified signals, rather than to the JAK/STAT pathway, from somatic cells, which in turn induces male-biased translational activity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Satomi F. Ono, Rikito Furukawa, Ingrid Rosenburg Cordeiro, Kaori Kabashima, Kyohei Yoshida, Taiki Hatano, Koki Hayafune, Makoto Kashima, Akiha Kagehira, Reiko Yu, Toru Kawanishi, Mikiko Tanaka
{"title":"BMP-Dependent Modulation of ROS Generation and Scavenging Controls Interdigital Cell Death","authors":"Satomi F. Ono, Rikito Furukawa, Ingrid Rosenburg Cordeiro, Kaori Kabashima, Kyohei Yoshida, Taiki Hatano, Koki Hayafune, Makoto Kashima, Akiha Kagehira, Reiko Yu, Toru Kawanishi, Mikiko Tanaka","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Programmed cell death during embryonic development plays a vital role in shaping limb morphology in amniotes. BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling has been shown to be essential for inducing interdigital cell death, but its relationship with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, another driver of this process, remains unclear. Here, we show that BMP signaling modulates ROS production, which is required for subsequent cell death in the interdigital regions of chicken hindlimbs. Through transcriptome analyses, we identify the candidate genes encoding molecular machinery potentially involved in ROS production in response to changes in BMP signaling. Our findings suggest that BMP signaling may influence the redox balance by upregulating the genes encoding ROS-generating enzymes such as <i>Nox2</i> and <i>Nox4</i> (components of NADPH oxidase), and downregulating the ROS-scavenging enzyme <i>Sod1</i>. Pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase reduces ROS levels and cell death, indicating that ROS production in the chicken interdigital cell regions is at least partially NADPH oxidase–dependent. Together, these results support a model in which BMP signaling is required for the regulation of programmed cell death, at least in part by modulating redox homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping Single-Cell Mechanics in the Early Embryogenesis of Xenopus laevis Using Atomic Force Microscopy","authors":"Miki Yamamoto, Takayoshi Yamamoto, Takahiro Kotani, Yuki Miyata, Tatsuo Michiue, Takaharu Okajima","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During early embryonic development, cells undergo rapid cleavage divisions accompanied by morphological changes driven by mechanical cues. However, the spatiotemporal mechanics of regulative embryonic cells remains poorly understood. Here, we use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to map single-cell stiffness of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> embryos, a model of regulative development, from early cleavage (stage 6) to the onset of gastrulation (stage 11). To ensure stable AFM mapping, vitelline membrane–removed embryos were immobilized in custom grooved agarose wells and gently held using a dulled glass pipette. AFM observations revealed marked mechanical heterogeneity within the animal hemisphere: stiffness in apical cytoplasmic regions—which are defined as the central apical surface excluding cell–cell boundaries—varied among cells, regardless of size, indicating intrinsic variability. Cell–cell boundaries consistently showed high stiffness, as commonly observed in epithelial monolayers in vitro. In contrast, in the vegetal hemisphere during gastrulation, cell–cell boundaries exhibited relatively low stiffness compared with the cytoplasmic regions. Additionally, microscale stiff inclusions were detected in the apical vegetal cytoplasm, with sizes comparable to those of yolk platelets. These findings demonstrate the capability of AFM to probe the microscale mechanical architecture of developing regulative embryos and to uncover regional mechanical asymmetries between the animal and vegetal hemispheres. Such asymmetries may contribute to key morphogenetic processes during early vertebrate development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"67 9","pages":"531-538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145670773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nguyen Thi My Trinh, Sota Ikeda, Ako Agata, Sayaka Tojima, Tadashi Nomura
{"title":"C-Terminal End of Gli3 Is Critical for Functional Protein Synthesis and Gli3-Dependent Anatomical Development","authors":"Nguyen Thi My Trinh, Sota Ikeda, Ako Agata, Sayaka Tojima, Tadashi Nomura","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The <i>GLI3</i> gene, a pivotal component of the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway, plays a fundamental role in the development and patterning of various body structures, including the brain and limbs. Mutations in the <i>GLI3</i> gene, particularly in the C-terminal domain, are implicated in congenital anomalies such as Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome and Pallister–Hall syndrome. Recent studies have also suggested an archaic human-type mutation in the C-terminal end, which altered downstream gene regulations and anatomical structures in mice. However, the biological effects of the disruption in the <i>Gli3</i> C-terminal end have not been studied well. Here we report novel <i>Gli3</i> mutant mice with nonsense mutations in the C-terminal end using CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated genome editing. Analysis of the genotype–phenotype correlations has revealed that the C-terminal end of <i>Gli3</i> is critical for functional protein synthesis; therefore, the disruption of this region causes severe abnormalities in brain and digit formation. These results provide insight into the mechanisms by which <i>GLI3</i> mutants can cause adverse consequences during human development or result in diverse phenotypes during evolution.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"67 9","pages":"479-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tumor Development in Ulcerative Colitis: Perspectives From Biomechanical Characteristics","authors":"Hirotaka Tao","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Throughout our lifespan, sustaining orderly morphological structures for ensuring proper functioning of organs is imperative. Among these structures, the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in sustaining organ and tissue homeostasis. Nevertheless, elucidating the role of abnormal ECM-induced biomechanical microenvironmental changes associated with transition from chronic inflammation to cancer warrants further investigation. Additionally, the temporal and spatial dynamics of the extracellular environment and immune cell populations within inflammatory regions of the body remain inadequately understood. In this review, we critically present recent analytical techniques and biomechanical approaches to elucidate how the disordered distribution of cell populations, extracellular environment heterogeneity, and changes in tissue stiffness could be interrelated in the progression from ulcerative colitis to cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"67 9","pages":"487-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dgd.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lineage Analysis of Pallial Subdivision–Derived Cells in the Developing Chick Pallium","authors":"Kyosuke Wada, Ryoka Katayama, Illia Aota, Carina Hanashima, Takuma Kumamoto, Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The avian pallium is comprised of several nuclear regions (four main areas) and differs significantly from the mammalian telencephalon, which is a six-layered structure. Although it is known that cells with identical features at the gene expression level can exist in different regions, it remains unclear whether cells with identical features arise from the same region. In this study, we examined the cell lineages produced from each region by employing the recently developed integration-coupled gene expression On (iOn) switch and performing whole-brain imaging by light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). We found that cells born in each area migrate across regions and, therefore, cells with identical characteristics are not always generated from the same progenitor regions. Furthermore, an examination of cell migration patterns in the dorsal ventricular ridge revealed that, as in mammals, cells preferably migrate along radial fibers in the early stages of migration, but radial fibers are not required for later migration. These results support the developmental convergence models recently proposed to describe cell lineage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"67 9","pages":"466-478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryota Saito, Tatsuki Hyodo, Nene Kamakura, Yuma Fujikake, Junko M. Nishino, Yasunori Sasakura, Atsuo S. Nishino, Shigeki Fujiwara
{"title":"Hox3 Is Required for Post-Metamorphic Heart Development in Adult Ciona","authors":"Ryota Saito, Tatsuki Hyodo, Nene Kamakura, Yuma Fujikake, Junko M. Nishino, Yasunori Sasakura, Atsuo S. Nishino, Shigeki Fujiwara","doi":"10.1111/dgd.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dgd.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the differentiation of cardiac progenitors during embryogenesis has been characterized in detail in the ascidian <i>Ciona robusta</i>, heart development after metamorphosis remains unclear. The sub-terminal regions at both ends of the <i>Ciona</i> heart harbor pacemaker cells, as well as undifferentiated cells located within the growth zone. We performed an RNA-Seq analysis to identify transcription factors predominantly expressed in the sub-terminal regions of the <i>Ciona</i> heart. Among the 17 transcription factors predominantly expressed in one or both of the sub-terminal regions, <i>Hox3</i> showed the strongest expression in both. Since the role of <i>Hox3</i> during <i>Ciona</i> heart development remained unknown, we investigated the spatial expression and function of <i>Hox3</i>. In situ hybridization revealed the expression of <i>Hox3</i> in undifferentiated cells within the growth zone at both ends of the heart tube. The TALEN-mediated disruption of <i>Hox3</i> in cardiac progenitors resulted in irregularly swollen or shortened heart tubes. These results suggest that Hox3 plays a crucial role in heart tube formation by regulating the activity of growth zone cells. Similar <i>Hox3</i> expression in the terminal regions of ascidian and vertebrate hearts suggests the partial conservation of cardiac patterning and pacemaker localization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50589,"journal":{"name":"Development Growth & Differentiation","volume":"67 9","pages":"500-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}