Developmental Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"ECM Mechanics in Central Nervous System Morphogenesis.","authors":"Alessandra Gentile, Katerina Stavropoulou, Katherine R Long","doi":"10.1159/000546414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphogenesis is crucial to shape tissues and embryos during development and results from a combination of gene expression, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and mechanical forces. The roles of gene regulation, biochemical signalling and cell-generated forces have been extensively studied, but little is known about the active role of the ECM and the contribution of extracellular forces in shaping tissues. This is especially true for the central nervous system (CNS) and the neural tissues it contains. It has been shown that ECM can have a direct and instructive role during CNS morphogenesis, but how the mechanical properties of the ECM and its regulation by these extracellular forces influence the shape of developing tissues is not yet fully understood. In this review, we will focus on the recent growing evidence of the direct role of the ECM and mechanics in the morphogenesis of the CNS.</p>","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Progression of Inhibitory Control and Flexible Problem-solving Among Infants with Histories of Preterm Birth.","authors":"Srishti Jayakumar, Ezequiel Ramos, Kathryn A Carson, Krysten Garcia, Katherine M Raja, Natasha N Ludwig, Ananya Sarkar, Lauren L Jantzie, Shenandoah Robinson, Marilee C Allen, V Joann Burton, Gwendolyn Gerner","doi":"10.1159/000546746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546746","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Inhibitory control during visually guided reaching allows for the development of flexible problem-solving in healthy infants born at term. Inhibitory control is often impaired among older children born preterm, but the developmental trajectory of inhibitory control in infants born preterm is not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the developmental trajectory of inhibitory control on the Object Retrieval Task in infants born preterm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This was a cross-sectional study including a convenience sample of infants born preterm (less than 37 weeks), who were evaluated at corrected ages 5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-15, and 16-18 months. Children born preterm with additional diagnoses of congenital anomalies, known genetic disorders, focal stroke, neoplasm, or maternal HIV exposure, or children in the care of the state were excluded. Children in each of the age groups were asked to retrieve a toy from a Plexiglas box with an opening on one side. The orientation of the opening was rotated over three trials, and the visually guided reach patterns were scored based on methods used by Diamond. Visually guided reach patterns ranged from perseverative hitting of the box to immediately reaching through the box opening. Analysis consisted of Fischer's exact tests to compare categorical measures, Jonckheere-Terpstra tests to compared ordinal measures, F-test from general linear models to compare continuous measures and ordinal logistic regression to assess the association between brain injury and reach patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The majority of infants born preterm in corrected age groups of 5-6, 7-8, and 9-10 months perseveratively hit the box regardless of the orientation of the opening. This pattern of predominant immature visually guided reaching persisted at 12 months corrected age in this cohort of infants born preterm, with 75% participants demonstrating an immature reach with the box opening at the front and to the left, and 88% demonstrating this with the box opening to the right.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;In this cohort of preterm infants, developmental progression of inhibitory control and progression of visually guided reaching did not follow the same developmental trajectory observed in full term typically developing infants previously documented by Diamond (1994). While 100% of typically developing infants born term in Diamond's cohort demonstrated inhibitory control and mature visually guided reach patterns by age 12 months, 75% of participants in our cohort of infants born preterm continued to demonstrate a predominance of immature visually guided reach patterns. This study demonstrates identification of early impairments in inhibitory control using a resource-conscious, low-cost and brief neurobehavioral assessment tool. This provides a window for early interventions to limit problems in executive dysfunction at school age and beyond.&lt;/p","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid proliferation of dentate gyrus progenitors in the ferret hippocampus following neonatal lipopolysaccharide exposure.","authors":"Sawada K, Kamiya S","doi":"10.1159/000546709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a role in innate immunity and is used in animal models of maternal immune activation. The current study attempted to clarify the effect of LPS exposure on the dentate gyrus progenitors in ferret neonates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LPS was administered subcutaneously at 500 μg/g of body weight to ferrets on postnatal days 6 and 7. Animals were injected intraperitonially with BrdU simultaneously with a second LPS injection to label the proliferating cells following LPS exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hours after BrdU injection, a significantly greater density of BrdU-labeled cells was observed in the hilus of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in LPS-exposed ferrets than in that of the controls. The majority of BrdU-labeled cells were Sox2 immunopositive in either the granular/subgranular layers or hilus in both groups. The percentages of BLBP (a marker of adult-type dentate gyrus progenitors), S100 (a marker of glial cells), and cleaved caspase 3 (a marker of apoptosis) were significantly lower in the granular/subgranular layers and/or hilus of LPS-exposed ferrets than in those of the controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that LPS promotes the proliferation of dentate gyrus progenitors. LPS may further act on the post-proliferative dentate gyrus progenitors to sustain their embryonic-type characteristics by preventing their transitions into the BLBP-expressing adult-type and/or S100-expressing glial cell lineages and by inhibiting programmed cell death.</p>","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chorioamnionitis Induces a Unique Time Course of Inflammatory Changes and Immune Reponses in the Brain and Spleen.","authors":"Maide Ozen, Alexandria Vergara, Yuma Kitase, Balaji Vijayakumar, Aidan Perales, Shenandoah Robinson, Lauren L Jantzie","doi":"10.1159/000546624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory oxidative microenvironments can alter heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) homeostasis. Dysregulation of HO-1 favors proinflammatory signals while transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) regulates anti-inflammatory signal transduction. Previously, we have shown that chorioamnionitis (CHORIO) induces sustained elevations in HO-1/TfR1 at postnatal day (P)2 and mononuclear cell-driven inflammation at term age equivalent P7. Here, we hypothesized that an altered HO-1/TfR1 developmental time course would coincide with inflammatory/immune signal changes in the brain. We used realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), multiplex electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (MECI), and flow cytometry (FC) to study changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression, immune cell secretome, and immune cells at critical and clinically relevant timepoints following CHORIO. We found an acute reduction in an anti-inflammatory signature in the cortex on embryonic day (E)19. This was followed by an increased pro-inflammatory signature on postnatal day (P)2. There were also significant alterations in the phenotypic distribution of splenic T cells on P7, a key organ in immune function. Furthermore, we showed that the microenvironment of the cortex at P21 was skewed towards a pro-inflammatory state by significant increases in IL-6. The prominence of T-helper cells (Th) in brain concomitant with a proinflammatory microenvironment at P21 suggests emerging inflammation and potential for neural injury. Defining how these and other inflammatory/immune signatures contribute to perinatal brain injury and investigating distinct immune signatures at more developmental time courses will be beneficial for targeting emerging therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ontogeny of catechol-o-methyltransferase expression in the rat prefrontal cortex: effects of methamphetamine exposure.","authors":"Lauren K Carrica, Joshua M Gulley","doi":"10.1159/000546689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repeated use of methamphetamine (METH) is known to dysregulate the dopaminergic system and induce long-lasting changes in behavior, which may be influenced by sex and age of exposure. Catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) is an enzyme that is involved in the breakdown of catecholamines, and its role in dopamine clearance is thought to be especially important in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) where dopamine transporter (DAT) expression is relatively scarce. The first study in this report utilized a rat model to characterize the ontogeny of COMT protein expression in the PFC and nucleus accumbens (NAc) across adolescence, which is a developmental stage that has been shown to involve significant reorganization of dopaminergic innervation. Drug-naïve male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed on postnatal day (P) 29, 39, 49 or 69, and expression levels of COMT protein within the PFC and NAc were analyzed via Western blot. We found that COMT expression in the PFC increases across adolescence in a sex-dependent manner but does not significantly change in the NAc during this timeframe. A separate group of rats were injected daily from P40-48 (adolescence) or P70-78 (adulthood) with saline or 3.0 mg/kg METH and sacrificed on P49 or P79. While METH decreased COMT in adult rats of both sexes, METH increased COMT expression in the PFC of rats exposed in adolescence. The results of this work suggest that exposure to METH during adolescence uniquely effects dopamine clearance within the PFC, potentially contributing to differences in neurobiological outcomes from METH use.</p>","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenesis of Preterm Intraventricular Haemorrhage.","authors":"Beth R Piscopo, Amy E Sutherland, Atul Malhotra, Beth J Allison, Suzanne L Miller","doi":"10.1159/000546607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) is the primary neuropathology in infants born very preterm. IVH describes bleeding into the ventricular space of the newborn brain, originating from the germinal matrix, termed germinal matrix haemorrhage (GMH). IVH is diagnosed at a rate of 1 in 5 infants born very preterm (less than 32 weeks' gestation), but the incidence increases with earlier gestation at birth. IVH is graded in severity (I to IV) and the neurological sequelae of IVH in infants born very preterm are significant, with more than 1 in 4 infants with any grade of IVH subsequently diagnosed with a moderate to severe neurodevelopmental deficit, increasing to more than half of infants diagnosed with severe IVH (grade III/IV). Summary The high susceptibility to IVH in infants born at less than 32 weeks' arises in part to the presence of the germinal matrix. The germinal matrix is a transient brain region that produces neural stem and progenitor cells. The germinal matrix region is rich in angiogenic blood vessels that have a low density of pericyte and astrocyte coverage to provide structural stability, and it is a border zone for vascular endpoints that are highly fragile to haemodynamic instability. In addition to immaturity, antenatal complications may also adversely impact cerebrovascular development, pericyte and astrocyte coverage, and subsequently the structural integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB) that might increase the risk for IVH. Key Messages Here we will report the maturational profile of cerebrovascular development in the extremely preterm neonate, and implications for susceptibility to IVH, the complications that may contribute to the risk of haemorrhage, and neurodevelopmental deficits that primarily arise from IVH. We aim to elucidate the cellular foundations of IVH to provide insight into neuroprotective targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costs of Underfunding Brain Development.","authors":"Masahiro Tsuji, Zoltán Molnár","doi":"10.1159/000546688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Health care costs are rising at an exponential rate. Given the constrainst of limited resources, it is essential to make informed decisions about priorities to ensure the best possible health outcomes globally. The history of medicine illustrates how these priorities have shifted over time - from early focus on infectious diseases to later emphasis on non-communicable conditions such as metabolic disorders. Today, neurodegenerative diseases and ageing brain are the forefront of medical research, as these conditions profoundly affect individuals, families, and society. One in three people will experience a mental health disorder in their lifetime, yet it is not widely recognised that many of these conditions may have origins in pre-birth experiences and early-life influences. Disruptions in progenitor proliferation, neuronal and glial migration, and differentiation during pre-natal development can contribute to lifelong neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Despite the fundamental importance of brain development, most of the neuroscience funding is allocated to studying neurodegeneration, such as dementia and Parkinson's disease, while early-life influences remain underexplored. Crucially, the impact of developmental factors begins even before conception. Environmental risks extend beyond direct maternal exposures during pregnancy; they include cumulative parental exposure to teratogenic agents affecting both male and female gametes, as well as early-life environmental exposures affecting newborns, infants, and children. These influences are complex yet highly relevant to long-term health outcomes. We urge greater recognition of the developmental origins of disease and advocate for increased investment in preventive strategies. These include lifestyle modifications, dietary improvements, targeted supplementation, regular exercise, and minimising exposure to environmental pollutants. Addressing these factors proactively could yield profound benefits for both individual and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000545814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000545813","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000545723","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545723","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50585,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}