Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Topical Insulin in Normal Saline Stability Study: Short-Term Physical, Chemical, and Microbiological Stability Study of 0.5 Units (25 IU/mL) of Topical Insulin in Normal Saline.","authors":"Mazlina Mohd Said, Mae-Lynn Catherine Bastion, Wan Haslina Wan Abdul Halim, Birinder Kaur Sadu Singh, Azura Abdul Ghani","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000001219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Loteprednol Etabonate in Managing Pain and Inflammation After Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Abdelrahman M Elettreby, Mohamed A Alsaied, Maab M Saleh, Nasser A Alsabaani, Waleed A Aldhabaan, Saeed Mohammed Abu Sabah, Ahmed A Abo Elnaga","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001210","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aims to evaluate loteprednol etabonate's efficacy and safety in reducing post-cataract pain and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials comparing loteprednol etabonate and placebo for post-cataract pain and inflammation. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with complete resolution of anterior chamber inflammation (ACI) and grade zero pain. The quality of the studies was assessed using the RoB 2 tool, and a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic review identified eight clinical trials (n=3,332 patients) fulfilling research criteria. Meta-analysis results showed that loteprednol etabonate significantly improved ACI resolution compared with placebo at 8, 15, and 18 days postoperatively (RR=2.25, 2.11, and 2.06, respectively, with a P value <0.00001). Loteprednol etabonate also increased the likelihood of achieving no pain (RR=1.54, 1.66, 1.70, and 1.92, respectively, with a P value <0.00001) and reduced the need for rescue therapy (RR=0.47, P<0.00001) while maintaining no change in IOP after 3, 15, and 18 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Loteprednol etabonate demonstrates significant efficacy in alleviating pain and inflammation post-cataract surgery, with notable advantages in safety, including minimal impact on intraocular pressure and reduced adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Practices in the Management of Childhood Myopia Progression Among Nigerian Optometrists-A Cross-sectional National Survey.","authors":"Ngozi Precious Uwagboe, Lauretta Ekene Egenti, Obinna Princewill Anyatonwu, Michael Agyemang Kwarteng, Ngozika Esther Ezinne, Eme Eseme John, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001206","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the practices, challenges, and barriers faced by optometrists in the control of childhood myopia in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study collected information on demography, professional experience, clinical practice, and perceived barriers to effective myopia control options using a self-administered web-based survey. The survey was designed using a Likert scale and conducted between February 13 and April 21, 2024. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the frequency of different management strategies and the various factors influencing decisions related to myopia management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The respondents were mostly male (51.7%), 49.5% worked in private practice, and 52.4% had less than five years of professional experience. The most frequently used myopia control options were single-vision distance spectacles (full correction), advice to spend more time outdoors, and visual hygiene. Single-vision distance contact lenses with full correction (63.4%) were the most recommended alternative option to single-vision distance spectacles (full correction), followed by visual hygiene practices (61.8%). Myopia control spectacle lenses were used by only 1.9% of the respondents. Major barriers to effective myopia control included the need for additional clinical equipment, medico-legal concerns, and minimal financial incentives, rated as \"important\" or \"very important\" by more than 45% of respondents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant gaps in the adoption of advanced myopia control strategies were observed among Nigerian optometrists, largely because of perceived barriers such as financial constraints and medico-legal concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Corneal High-Order Aberration and Relative Corneal Refractive Power Distribution Induced by Different Orthokeratology Lenses Designs.","authors":"Riping Zhang, Youming Zhou, Yunxuan Ou, Man Pan Chin, Jinyu Li, Vishal Jhanji, Mingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000001214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared the myopia control effects of corneal high-order aberrations (CHOA) from two orthokeratology (OK) lenses based on their relative corneal refractive power shifts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, 101 school children with low to moderate myopia were divided into three groups: group A (N=35) used 3-curve design lenses, group B (N=31) used 4-curve design lenses, and group C (N=35) wore regular spectacles. Cycloplegic refraction, visual acuity, and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and after one year. Keratometry and CHOA were assessed before and after 3 months of lens wear. Relative corneal refractive power shifts and summed corneal power change (SCPC) were calculated. One-way ANOVA and planned comparison analyzed group differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group B showed significantly slower AL elongation than group A (P=0.017) after OK treatment. Group B's SCPC was significantly higher than group A's (P≤0.005). Group B had a significant increase in horizontal coma (P=0.004). Increased SCPC led to more coma aberration with four-curve lens wear (P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The four-curve lens design was more effective in slowing AL elongation for OK treatment. It also caused significantly higher horizontal coma aberration than the three-curve design.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Anterior and Posterior Ocular Biometric Parameters in Nonamblyopic Myopic Anisometropia.","authors":"Yaohua Zhang, Jing Li, Shengsheng Wei, Zhiqing Wu, Yong Li, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000001213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to quantify the differences in the anterior and posterior segment parameters between both eyes of individuals with nonamblyopic myopic anisometropia of ≥2 diopters (D).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 141 adults (mean age: 24.3±6.0 years; 48.3% men) with myopic anisometropia (binocular refractive difference of ≥2.0 D in spherical power). Bilateral measurements included refractive error (spherical equivalent, SE), mean keratometry, intraocular pressure, axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, optic nerve head (ONH) parameters, and macular thickness in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS)-defined regions. Linear associations between variables and interocular differences in ocular parameters were statistically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The right eyes of the 68 men and 73 women enrolled in this study had significantly high myopia (P<0.05). The mean interocular difference in the SE was 2.72±0.93 D. The AL, ACD, and ACV were significantly greater for the more myopic eyes than for the contralateral eyes (all P<0.05). The CCT, ETDRS thickness, and ONH parameters (excluding average RNFL thickness) were lower for the more myopic eyes than for the contralateral eyes (all P<0.05). The superior quadrant RNFL thickness decreased with age (P<0.05). The refractive difference was significantly correlated with interocular differences in AL (r=0.735, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interocular differences in anterior chamber parameters, macular thickness, and ONH structures were identified in adult patients with nonamblyopic myopic anisometropia. The more myopic eyes had thinner CCT, greater corneal curvatures, and specific ONH and macular layer alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effect of 2 Artificial Tear Formulations on Daytime Ocular Surface Parameters After Orthokeratology Contact Lenses Wearing.","authors":"Chih-Ying Lin, Wen-Ling Liao, Hui-Ju Lin, Chun-Chi Chiang, Yi-Yu Tsai, Ning-Yi Hsia, Yi-Ching Hsieh","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001207","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the ocular comfort and tear film stability of low viscous and medium viscous lubricant eye drops in orthokeratology lens users.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a prospective, two-arm, randomized, crossover trial. After a 7±2 day run-in and washout period, subjects were assigned to apply one of two eye drops to the orthokeratology lens bow every night before inserting their lenses. Low viscosity eye drops with sodium chloride 5.5 mg (AIM Artificial Tears, Aimedicine) and medium viscosity eye drops with 0.4% polyethylene glycol (Systane ULTRA Unit dose, Alcon) were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 40 subjects with a mean age of 10.40±2.64 years and an averaged spherical equivalent of-3.43±1.31 diopters. There were no significant differences in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Schirmer,noncontact tear film break-up time (NiTBUT), corneal staining score (NEI), or topographic decentration between the two treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the disparity in viscosity, the difference in visual acuity, OSDI, Schirmer, NiTBUT, NEI, and topographic decentration failed to reach statistical significance. Therefore, wearing orthokeratology lenses with low or medium viscosity artificial tears did not significantly impact daily visual acuity, ocular surface parameters, or contact lens centration.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"380-385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Ortho-K Treatment in Low Myopia and Management Approaches.","authors":"Yuzhuo Fan, Xuewei Li, Sitong Chen, Yan Li, Mingwei Zhao, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001208","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify the key demographic, biometric, and behavioral factors that impact the treatment effect of Ortho-K in low myopia and to discover the management ideas for low myopes undergoing Ortho-K treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 12-month retrospective study examined 380 individuals who received Ortho-K treatment. Stratification and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to identify biometric features and behavioral indicators associated with Ortho-K treatment outcomes in low myopes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 12-month axial length growth was significantly longer in the low myopia group than in the moderate myopia group ( P <0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Ortho-K only was 2.23 times more likely to have rapid axial growth than Ortho-K combined with 0.01% atropine in patients with low myopia ( P =0.01; odds ratio [OR]=2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-4.20). Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that in patients with low myopia, female sex ( P <0.0001; OR=0.4; 95% CI, 0.22-0.72), young age ( P =0.01; OR=0.79; 95% CI, 0.66-0.93), flatter K mean ( P =0.004; OR=0.74; 95% CI, 0.61-0.91), and having two myopic parents ( P =0.03; OR=0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.71) were associated with worse treatment outcomes. A diet rich in white meats, such as fish and duck ( P =0.01; OR=0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.54), was protective behavioral factors associated with slower axial length growth in children with low myopia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with low myopia who exhibit one or more of the demographic and biometric risk factors (young age, female, flat mean K, and two myopic parents) require heightened attention in clinic settings because of their increased risk of myopia progression. Ortho-K combined with 0.01% atropine may achieve better efficacy than Ortho-K only in low myopes. A diet rich in white meat is protective and controlled behavioral factors for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"386-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of 26-Gauge Needle Versus Kimura Spatula for Corneal Scraping in Infective Keratitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Prafulla Kumar Maharana, Aafreen Bari, Sohini Mandal, Sarath Sukumara Pillai, Nishat Hussain, Rajesh Sinha, Tushar Agarwal, Namrata Sharma, Jeewan Singh Titiyal","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001203","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Microbial keratitis accounts for significant proportion of corneal blindness. To know the underlying etiological micro-organism, performing corneal scraping is important for initiating the correct antibiotic therapy. A study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of 26-gauge needle and Kimura spatula for the same.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, comparative randomized pilot study was conducted to compare Kimura spatula (group 1) to 26-gauge needle (group 2). In total, 115 patients were recruited in the 2 groups-67 in group 1 and 48 in group 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the groups were comparable in adequacy of sample, microbiological staining and culture, and safety ( P >0.05). However, in subgroup analysis, the number of fully adequate samples was higher and nonadequate samples was lower in the 26-gauge needle group ( P =0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both Kimura spatula and 26-gauge needle are safe and effective tools for corneal scraping. However, in adequacy, cost-effectiveness, easy availability, disposable nature, and nondependency on sterilization unit, 26-gauge needle is superior to Kimura spatula.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"343-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Corneal Tattooing Improve Psychosocial Functioning in Patients With Corneal Leukoma? A Pilot Study.","authors":"Omer Faruk Yilmaz, Ebubekir Durmus, Fehim Esen, Alperen Bikmazer, Adnan Berkay Kisakurek, Esma Ecem Ersoy, Oguzhan Koyuncu, Vahdettin Gormez, Halit Oguz","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001202","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to investigate the psychosocial effects of corneal tattooing in patients with corneal leukoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Aesthetic pigmentation was applied to patients with corneal leukomas. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and the International Brief Version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, which were validated by Turkish speakers, were performed before and 3 months after corneal tattooing for aesthetic purposes. A review and interpretation of questionnaire scores was conducted under the supervision of authors from psychiatric departments. For demographic and clinical data, 20 questions were asked of patients before tattooing and 14 questions were asked 3 months after tattooing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to all tests, all scores drastically decreased after corneal tattooing. In the HADS test, the mean preoperative depression score was 8.80, while the postoperative was 4.39 ( P <0.001). The mean preoperative anxiety score was 7.52, and the postoperative score was 4.41 ( P <0.001). The mean preoperative SAAS score was 50.64, with the postoperative score equaling 33.68 ( P <0.001). Finally, the mean preoperative BNFES score was 35.14, and the postoperative was 24.57 ( P <0.001). All values are statistically strongly significant ( P <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with corneal leukomas are at higher risk of significant depression and anxiety symptoms for many reasons, such as low vision, trauma, multiple surgery, strabismus, and ptosis. In conclusion, addressing corneal leukoma through appropriate ophthalmological interventions not only improves visual function but also alleviates appearance-related psychological distress. Integrating psychiatric assessment into the care process may further enhance the overall quality of life through a holistic, patient-centered approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"368-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Variation in the Effect of Controlling Myopia Progression Using Orthokeratology.","authors":"Tao Tang, Yan Li, Mingwei Zhao, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001205","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate seasonal variations in the effect of controlling myopia progression using orthokeratology (Ortho-K) in Chinese myopic children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred sixteen myopic children aged 7 to 12 years who completed 1 year of Ortho-K treatment. Based on initial time wearing Ortho-K, subjects were classified as four groups: spring group (March-May), summer group (June-August), autumn group (September-November), and winter group (December-February). Axial length (AL) was measured every 3 months for 1 year by partial coherence interferometer. Axial elongation over time and between groups was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effect of myopia control using Ortho-K was influenced by seasonal variation. After adjusting study groups (type of Ortho-K), age, AL, spherical equivalent refractive error (SER), and ocular parameters at the baseline, the mean axial elongation over 1 year wearing Ortho-K was 0.33±0.08 mm for spring group, 0.30±0.10 mm for summer group, 0.21±0.08 mm for autumn group, and 0.22±0.09 mm for winter group ( P <0.001). Statistically significantly higher mean axial elongation was observed in winter months than that in summer (0.09±0.06 mm vs. 0.05±0.05 mm, P <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In general, axial elongation in myopic children receiving Ortho-K in summer months was approximately 56% of that in winter. Initial time wearing Ortho-K in autumn/winter months, the effect of myopia control is better than in spring/summer. Our results indicated that seasonal variation should be taken into account in studies related to Ortho-K.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"394-399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}