Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Numerical investigations of cylindrical weir-gates with a flow extender","authors":"Amirreza Shamsi,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Azimi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive analysis on the hydraulics of flow over cylindrical weir-gates with and without a flow extender, utilizing a validated numerical model. The model, validated against recent experimental data, examines the effects of various parameters including the angle of flow extender, gate opening, and submergence levels on flow characteristics, energy losses, and discharge reduction factors. The findings indicate that Results show that weir-gates equipped with a flow extender experience a notable reduction in energy losses—up to 35 % for flow extenders with angles between 0° and 10°, compared to only 19 % for weir-gates without a flow extender. While the modest impact of the flow extender on discharge capacity, it effectively minimizes downstream vortices and energy dissipation. Additionally, three distinct submerged flow regimes (Surface Jump, Surface Wave, Deeply Submerged Flow) were identified, illustrating the behavior of flow with varying submergence levels. The modular limit, marking the onset of submerged flow, decreases significantly with larger gate openings, showing a maximum reduction of 64 %. The discharge reduction factor also varies with gate opening, remaining stable under moderate conditions and then sharply declining with increased submergence. These insights are essential for optimizing the design and performance of cylindrical weir-gates across different hydraulic conditions, thereby enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness in practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Void fraction measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow based on a multi-frequency CCEIT system","authors":"Mengqi Han,&nbsp;Yandan Jiang,&nbsp;Haifeng Ji,&nbsp;Baoliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a novel void fraction measurement method of the gas-liquid two-phase flow based on a multi-frequency capacitively coupled electrical impedance tomography (MFCCEIT) system. The proposed method fully leverages the multi-frequency data of the fluid impedance by integrating the statistical and frequency features of the impedance spectroscopy. An innovative feature extraction approach is presented. It combines statistical feature analysis and impedance spectroscopy analysis to develop a hybrid feature vector consisting of both the statistical features and frequency features of the multi-frequency impedance data that are closely correlated with the void fraction. Firstly, data preprocessing steps including electrode pair grouping and frequency range segmentation are employed. Subsequently, the statistical and frequency characteristics of the multi-frequency impedance data are investigated. Correspondingly, a hybrid feature vector consisting of the average standard deviations of the impedance across multiple frequencies and the impedance spectroscopy fitting parameters is established for each flow pattern. Comparison study is conducted to seek the best fit data mining algorithm for the hybrid features, and the original void fraction measurement method combining the proposed feature extraction approach and the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) algorithm is obtained to develop accurate void fraction measurement models. Experimental results show the effectiveness and potential of the proposed method. Under bubble flow, annular flow and stratified flow, the maximum absolute errors of the void fraction measurement method are 1.79 %, 1.91 % and 1.61 %, respectively, and the root mean squared errors (RMSEs) are 0.0046, 0.0064 and 0.0053, respectively. The research results also show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional single-frequency methods, highlighting the contributions of the multi-frequency measurement acquisition and the feature extraction approach in fully mining and utilizing the fluid impedance information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas pipeline leakage detection and localization method based on VMD-DTW","authors":"Yang Wang,&nbsp;Wenzhuo Liu,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Long Feng,&nbsp;Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The identification of signal anomalies at the moment of leakage is crucial for acoustic-based gas pipeline leakage detection and localization. To address this, a leakage detection and localization model based on variational mode decomposition and dynamic time warping (VMD-DTW) is proposed. First, the leakage signal is decomposed using the VMD method, and an adaptive mode selection and reconstruction is performed based on the low-frequency characteristics of the leakage signal for denoising. Next, a sliding window combined with DTW is used to design an algorithm that automatically identifies continuous time windows containing transient acoustic leakage signals. The algorithm improves leakage localization accuracy by estimating the time delay within multiple windows and automatically removing anomalous values. The principles and steps of the algorithm are presented, and its effectiveness is verified through experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method offers better denoising performance and higher localization accuracy, with a localization error of only 0.247%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New flow field construction method based on vessel-mounted ADCP data","authors":"Hao Deng ,&nbsp;Yan Zong ,&nbsp;Zhigao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acquiring flow structure characteristics in specific areas and constructing large-scale flow fields are necessary tasks for analyzing the evolution of river channels and developing water conservancy projects. The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is commonly used to observe large-scale flow fields in rivers. However, the conventional method of constructing flow fields has several challenges, including inaccurate estimation of flow velocity, distorted identification of flow structure in specific areas, and inability to explain the sediment transport mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new method for large-scale flow field construction. This paper utilizes vessel-mounted ADCP data with dense interval single transects, along with single-beam data, to perform optimal flow velocity estimation based on the actual spatial positions of radial velocities. Experiments demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper is superior to the conventional method in estimating magnitude and direction of flow velocity at different water depths. Furthermore, the flow field analysis using the proposed method successfully identifies flow features such as plunging flow and secondary flow. The maximum difference in grid velocity exceeds 0.2 m/s, while the root-mean-square error is reduced by 50 % compared to the conventional method. Results reveal a significant correlation between eddies and scour holes, providing a novel perspective on understanding the sediment transport mechanism of scour holes and exploring the relationship between vertical structures and localized scour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavitation and erosion wear analysis of stepped flow channel in cage-typed sleeve control valve","authors":"Chuang Liu ,&nbsp;An-qi Guan ,&nbsp;Wen-qing Li ,&nbsp;Chang Qiu ,&nbsp;Yun-fei Long ,&nbsp;Rui-bin Gan ,&nbsp;Zhi-jiang Jin ,&nbsp;Jin-yuan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cage-typed sleeve control valve (CSCV) is a critical component in direct coal liquefaction system. Gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow often occurs in the valve cage, which can cause cavitation and erosion wear. Consequently, the study of erosion wear and multiphase flow in the valve cage is necessary. A numerical model for multiphase flow is developed considering the momentum transfer between gas, liquid, and solid. To analyze the cavitation and erosion wear in the valve cage, the simplified stepped flow channel is designed. The Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model and Mansouri erosion wear model are used to analyze the erosion and cavitation inside the CSCV by numerical methods. Effects of particle concentration (ranging from 0.1 % to 0.5 %), particle velocity (ranging from 100 m/s to 150 m/s), and vapor phase on the erosion wear in the stepped flow channel are studied. The most severe erosion wear area in the stepped flow channel is the inner edge of the chamfer. The maximum erosion wear rate (<em>R</em>_max) on the chamfer increases with particle concentration and velocity. The vapor phase induced by cavitation primarily concentrates near the wall, which leads to the phenomenon that the particles move along the edge of the vapor phase and reduce the distribution of particles near the wall, thus mitigating the erosion wear on the wall of the inner orifice. This work can provide a reference for failure mechanism and prevention of CSCV and other similar valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic data processing for phantom flow measurement using spectral domain optical coherence tomography","authors":"Jianshuai Wang ,&nbsp;Song Zhou ,&nbsp;Junbo Xiao ,&nbsp;Yimin Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present automatic flow volume measurement using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Flow phantom consists of a glass duct with the test suspension flowing through it. Sampled OCT images are binary processed to determine the angle between the probing beam and the duct to get real flow velocity. Data processing for volumetric flow measurement is fully automatic. It takes about 4 s to get flow volume result through processing one dataset containing five image pairs. Measured flow results coincide with the settled values. Effects of the distance between two scanning planes on the measured flow are also discussed to ensure measurement accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for handheld differential pressure anemometer","authors":"Mingming Wei ,&nbsp;Yan Qi ,&nbsp;Xiushu Pu ,&nbsp;Shun Yao ,&nbsp;Ling Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the uncertainty of calibration results of the handheld differential pressure anemometer (HDPA) to guarantee its measurement accuracy and reliability. In this study, an HDPA was calibrated to acquire experimental data, and GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) and MCM (Monte Carlo Method, including single-run MCM and adaptive MCM(AMCM)) were employed to evaluate its uncertainty. The high accuracy of MCM was utilized as a benchmark to verify the applicability of the GUM method in this domain. Comparative analysis results indicated that the GUM method failed to meet the requirements in certain situations, particularly when pursuing high accuracy in the scene. The MCM method demonstrated more prominent advantages. Additionally, the evaluation results of single-run MCM and AMCM were highly consistent, but AMCM was significantly superior to the former in terms of evaluation efficiency. This study not only confirmed the applicability of GUM and MCM in the evaluation of calibration uncertainty of HDPA but, more importantly, revealed the limitations of the GUM method for the first time and highlighted the unique advantages of AMCM in improving evaluation efficiency and accuracy. Therefore, new insights and practical suggestions are provided for the field of high-precision measurement of HDPA; namely, the more efficient AMCM method should be given priority in uncertainty evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature drift characteristics and compensation study of double-winding thermal mass flow meter","authors":"Qinhui Wang,&nbsp;Detian Li,&nbsp;Xiangyu Hu,&nbsp;Wuyu Cui,&nbsp;Lekai Yang,&nbsp;Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal mass flow meters are broadly used in different parts of industry for flow metering objectives. One of the most widely used thermal flow meters is capillary tube type. Aiming at the traditional thermal flow sensor, which has the problems of low flow measurement accuracy and temperature drift, based on the principle of fluid flow and heat transfer, a double-winding distributed thermal flow sensor with constant temperature operation is developed. The thermal flow measurement principle is studied and the sensor temperature field is simulated by COMSOL software. The effect of ambient temperature on the measurement results under different structural parameters and operating parameters is investigated by simulation. The optimal sensor operating parameters are determined, and the sensor temperature adaptability is improved. In addition, under the condition of structural error, the influence of structural error on the measurement is analyzed. Simulation calculations are carried out at different ambient temperatures to obtain the corrected relationship between the measured value and the ambient temperature. Finally, according to the simulation results, the sensor is designed and processed, and tested by the standard flow output device. The temperature correction algorithm is obtained according to the experimental results. And the effectiveness of this temperature correction algorithm is verified under different ambient temperatures and different flow inputs. The experiments show that through this correction algorithm, the test error of the sensor has been significantly reduced in the range of the sensor, and the temperature adaptability of the sensor has been improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent analysis of flow pattern developments in two-phase flow using capacitance sensors: Fast fourier transform and total power spectrum exploration","authors":"Fayez M. Al-Alweet ,&nbsp;Zeyad Almutairi ,&nbsp;Othman Y. Alothman ,&nbsp;Zhengbiao Peng ,&nbsp;Basheer A. Alshammari ,&nbsp;Ahmad Almakhlafi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the intricate field of multiphase flow systems, accurately characterizing flow patterns and their development within pipelines is crucial for optimizing fluid dynamics and enhancing overall system performance. This study undertakes a comprehensive investigation employing five strategically positioned capacitance sensors along a designated test section, complemented by high-speed imaging techniques to capture real-time changes in evolving flow patterns. The analysis employs the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to explore the correlations between the visual evolution of flow patterns, as observed through imaging, and the variations in sensor signals. This approach encompasses the calculation of the total power within the signal spectrum alongside the comprehensive analysis of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) graph, yielding invaluable insights into the influence of flow dynamics on sensor responses. Key findings reveal significant relationships between the outputs of all sensors and the variations resulting from the evolution of two-phase flow patterns within the test section. Moreover, as these patterns progress or transition to different configurations, distinct changes are evident in the signals from each sensor. Notably, these alterations encompass variations in properties, shapes, and densities of spikes, alongside significant changes in the magnitudes of spike amplitudes and frequency range components in the graphical representation of PSD, along with a change in total power level. This rigorous analysis of visual and sensor data significantly enhances our understanding of the complex interplay between flow dynamics and sensor performance, establishing a strong foundation for advancing monitoring and automation strategies within pipeline systems. Ultimately, this work aims to foster improved efficiency, reliability, and safety in practical applications involving two-phase flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based modeling of discharge coefficients in labyrinth sluice gates","authors":"Thaer Hashem ,&nbsp;Ahmed Y. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Ali Sharifi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A labyrinth sluice gate is a novel design capable of transferring high flow compared to a conventional one owing to its leaf nonlinearity in plane form. From a novel point of view, this content investigates the impact of leaf configuration on the discharge coefficient of a modern design of labyrinth sluice gates, a parameter that is challenging to estimate precisely due to their complex structure by adopting seven diverse artificial intelligent models comprising gradient Boosting model GBM, KNeighbors Regression(KNN), Huber Regression (HR), Support Vector Regression (SVR) Linear and Radial Basis Functions (RBF), Random Forest (RF), and Linear Regression (LR).Experiments conducted by the literature were employed to extract different dimensionless parameters, including water depth contraction ratio H/G, orientation ratio <em>l</em>/L, cycles ratio 1/N, and Froude Number F_r as independent variables. The results indicated that the gradient Boosting model GB performed the best, with the highest coefficient of determination (R² of 99.74 %) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE of 0. 3872 %). Consequently, the main contribution of this study is to introduce a robust machine learning tool that can be depended on to estimate the discharge coefficient of labyrinth sluice gates confidently. Furthermore, it not only deduces machine learning as a solution to a persistent hydraulic challenge but also provides a valuable template for integrating data-driven approaches into future gate design and optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}