Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Study on flow control strategy of a fuel valve directly-driven by two-phase hybrid stepper motor","authors":"Shisiling Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Simin Wang ,&nbsp;Tengfei Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the difficulty in meeting high precision requirements of fuel system with a rotary direct-drive valve based on a torque motor, a position and current dual closed loop control strategy of direct-drive valve using a two-phase hybrid stepper motor is designed to improve the control effects, which has the advantages of strong disturbance resistance of High-order Super-twisting Observer (HOSTO) and rapidity of the Integral-based Fast Terminal Sliding Mode (IFTSM). Simulations are conducted on rotation angle of the motor and flow rate of the valve. Results show that the proposed IFTSM-HOSTO can significantly eliminate the chattering phenomena in traditional sliding mode control. The rotary direct-drive valve demonstrates rapid stabilization within 0.08 s under operational conditions of 8 MPa inlet pressure and standard delivery pressure, achieving zero overshoot during the transient process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pipeline multi-point leakage identification based on temporal convolutional network","authors":"Dan Yan ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Jiajian Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Ren ,&nbsp;Ziguang Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate pipeline leakage localization remains a major challenge due to signal attenuation, noise interference, and modeling complexity. To address this, we propose a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN)-based method that leverages negative pressure wave signals and supervised learning to directly map sensor inputs to leakage positions, avoiding the need for complex physical modeling. The method was validated through simulation and experimental studies, showing high accuracy in single-leakage scenarios. Comparative analysis indicates that TCN outperforms LSTM and Transformer models in localization tasks. For multi-leakage conditions, the model successfully identified multiple leakage points, and the impact of different sensor configurations on prediction performance was further analyzed. The results indicate that the proposed method simplifies the modeling process, enhances prediction accuracy, and shows strong potential for real-world pipeline monitoring and early-warning systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFD study of SDPF flow characteristics according to variations in urea injection strategy and device design","authors":"Jianjun Zhao ,&nbsp;Hyowon Bang ,&nbsp;Giyoung Park ,&nbsp;Seangwock Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial diesel engines apply reduction devices such as Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), and Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) for NO_x reduction in order to respond to strengthening exhaust regulations such as EU7. Recently, SCR-Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filters (SDPF) is used to maximize the SCR reaction area and achieve compact design. In order to maximize NO_x reduction efficiency, SDPF should be designed so that the urea-water sprayed from the front of the porous substrate is distributed and the ammonia slip is minimized. However, flow uniformity and back pressure are generally in a trade-off relationship, and in some existing vehicle SDPFs, a problem was raised where some urea flows through the bottom of the pipe. To overcome these limitations, this study applied L-shape elbow pipe to the front end of SDPF and performed flow analysis according to changes in the urea injection strategy and design of the urea mixer. As a result of the study, it was found that the SDPF flow uniformity could be improved by 13.9 %, 1 %, and 4 % respectively through optimal modification of mixer installation and angle, injector angle, and injector location, while minimizing the increase in back pressure. Based on these findings, an L-shape elbow pipe SDPF design strategy was derived, and the correlation between exhaust flow uniformity and back pressure was identified. To address these performance challenges, this study was conducted to establish a CFD-based optimization framework that evaluates and enhances NH₃ distribution uniformity and minimizes back pressure by modifying mixer geometry and urea injection strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic and flow measurement performance of integrated sluice gates in U-shaped channels with varying slopes","authors":"Qi Cao ,&nbsp;Danjie Ran ,&nbsp;Wene Wang ,&nbsp;Shilong Wang ,&nbsp;Kainan Chen ,&nbsp;Dukun Liu ,&nbsp;Yiying Du ,&nbsp;Yuanchun Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated measurement and control sluices (IMCS) are systematically investigated in U-shaped channels through both experimental and numerical methods to examine the effects of channel bottom slopes on measurement accuracy and flow capacity. The sluice gate opening degree considered is <em>e</em> = 4–18 cm, corresponding to incoming flow rate <em>Q</em> = 10–50 L/s. The support system at the bottom of the channel allows for flexible adjustment of the slope, with a setting range of 1/5000-1/100. The water surface profile, Froude number, flow velocity distribution, critical state of sluice gate flow and weir flow, calculation equations, and flow measurement accuracy are analyzed. Results show that, under varying operating conditions, the upstream water depth increases directly with the flow rate, while decreasing as the gate opening and bottom slope increase. Conversely, the downstream water surface profile exhibits an inverse trend in response to changes in flow rate and gate opening. Notably, the length of the hydraulic jump significantly increases with steeper bottom slopes. The derived measurement formula for free outflow demonstrates a high correlation coefficient and accuracy, with the relative error consistently remaining below 5 %, thus meeting the required accuracy standards for water measurement in irrigation channels. Furthermore, the proposed IMCS system is capable of adapting to changes in bottom slope, effectively combining measurement and control functions, avoiding excessive water usage, and enhancing irrigation efficiency. These findings provide valuable insights for the development and application of water measurement infrastructure in irrigation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic characterisation of miniature two-dimensional high-speed switching valve","authors":"Zhankai Song,&nbsp;Haitao Li,&nbsp;Shulin Xie,&nbsp;Jiahui Huang,&nbsp;Jian Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a new miniature two-dimensional high-speed switching valve is proposed in combination with a two-dimensional servo helix structure and the optimisation study is carried out for the dynamic response characteristics of the valve. The effects of system pressure (7–21 MPa), excitation voltage (24–48V) and spiral groove inclination angle (83°–85°) on the opening and closing time of the switching valve are systematically analysed by establishing electromagnetic and mechanical models, combined with Amesim simulation and experimental verification. The experimental results show that the opening time of the prototype valve is 3 ms and the closing time is 3.6 ms under the system pressure of 7 MPa and excitation voltage of 24V. the mass of the valve is 253.8g.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102988"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The research on the effect of different alternative fuels on the injection characteristics of a double-layer eight-hole injector with needle eccentricity","authors":"Tianyu Jin ,&nbsp;Chuqiao Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Nicholas O'Connell ,&nbsp;Adams Moro ,&nbsp;Xiwen Wu ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of in-nozzle flow with alternative fuels is essential to improving spray atomization, combustion efficiency and emission control in modern diesel engines. Three-dimensional computational-fluid-dynamics simulations, based on a validated two-fluid cavitation model, were performed for a double-layer eight-hole injector supplied with six fuels—petroleum diesel (B0), Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE), Biodiesel, n-Butanol, Butyl formate and n-Octanol—under both concentric and eccentrically guided needle motions. Findings reveal that fuel density governed the mass-flow rate in the concentric case: the densest fuel, PODE (1053 kg m⁻³), delivered a 14 % higher mass-flow rate than the least-dense n-Butanol (813 kg m⁻³), whereas the ordering of volumetric flow rates was reversed. With a 0.06 mm needle offset, viscosity influenced the cavitation development: cavitation onset for the most viscous n-Octanol (5.65 mm² s⁻¹) lagged that of the least-viscous Butyl formate (0.61 mm² s⁻¹) by 0.15–0.20 ms. Outlet Reynolds numbers spanned 9.8 × 10³ to 9.1 × 10⁴ across fuels, underscoring the strong influence of thermophysical properties. Needle eccentricity emerged as the dominant source of flow non-uniformity, producing up to a 12 % disparity in cycle fuel injection quantity between upper- and lower-layered orifices and as much as a 6 % disparity among holes within a layer, independent of fuel type; the upper-layered hole consistently exhibited a 4–7.5 % lower liquid-phase fraction than the lower-layered hole. These results provide the first quantitative picture of the coupled effects of needle eccentricity and diverse fuel properties on multi-layer injector performance, identifying eccentricity—not fuel formulation—as the principal driver of injection non-uniformity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating numerical and regression methods for estimating discharge coefficients of intake structures with wingwalls in irrigation networks","authors":"Thu Hien Le ,&nbsp;Van Chien Nguyen ,&nbsp;Xuan-Hien Le","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wingwalls facilitates the smooth direction of flow towards or away from the intakes of irrigation and drainage systems, thereby diminishing turbulence and energy loss. This study integrates experimental measurements, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and advanced regression techniques to investigate the effects of wingwall angles (<em>θ</em>) in range of (0° ÷ 25°) on discharge coefficients for two intake types: sluice gates (<em>C</em>_{<em>d,SG</em>}) and broad-crested weirs (<em>C</em>_{<em>d,BW</em>}) under free flow conditions. Laboratory experiments of two wingwall's angle cases <em>θ</em> = 0° and 10° are used to validate the numerical model, ensuring reliable simulation of hydraulic behavior. A series of numerical simulations of <em>C</em>_<em>d</em> is then performed to generate a comprehensive dataset for model development. Numerical results indicates that the discharge coefficient of a sluice gate tends to increase as the wingwall angle (<em>θ</em>) increased, particularly when the ratio of total head (<em>H</em>_<em>o</em>) to opening height (<em>a</em>) was high. For weirs, <em>C</em>_{<em>d,BW</em>} also increases with <em>θ</em> and peaks at <em>θ</em> = 20°, indicating an optimal flow contraction configuration. Besides, regression equations were formulated using nonlinear least squares optimization based on the L-BFGS-B algorithm, enabling parameter estimation under box constraints. The proposed equations, incorporating sin(<em>θ</em>) and relevant geometric ratios, outperform traditional empirical formulas in accuracy, with higher CC and NSE and lower RMSE and MAE values. By explicitly modeling the influence of wingwalls, this study addresses a critical gap in hydraulic design, offering reliable predictive tools for optimizing flow control structures in irrigation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental analysis of discharge capacity of ogee type side weirs","authors":"Halil Kula ,&nbsp;Alpaslan Yarar","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Side weirs are structures placed parallel to the main channel or at certain angles in order to discharge excess water through side channels to prevent floods in the channels and to control the level and flow rate of water in the main channels. Ogee type weirs are among the most important parts of the dams and the reservoirs. Weir structures are essential to ensure the safety of the structure in case of any possible flood and to transfer the flood waters in a controlled or uncontrolled manner. In this study, it is aimed to experimentally investigate the discharge capacity of ogee type weirs used as spillways in order to ensure the safety of the reservoirs when they are used as side weirs. For this purpose, the capacity of ogee type weirs compared with sharp crested weirs. According to the comparison of the weirs, it was seen that ogee type side weirs have a better discharge capacity. In addition, a flow coefficient equation was obtained for the side weir with ogee profile and the validity of the equation was examined by comparing the values calculated by the equation with the measurement results. As a result of the comparison. R² value was determined as 0.9932 and RMSE value was calculated as 0.102x10 ⁻³. According to R² value it was seen that the calculation of discharge with the obtained weir coefficient gave quite reliable results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A possibility of utilizing rapid changes in air medium pressure for a precise displacement of objects","authors":"N.N. Usmanov ,&nbsp;D.L. Stolyarov ,&nbsp;I.R. Prudnikov ,&nbsp;A.A. Banishev ,&nbsp;A.M. Saletsky","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a possibility of practical using a phenomenon of a rapid change in air pressure in the vicinity of a conductor for dosing and a regulated movement of objects. The change in air pressure corresponds to a current pulsed change in the conductor. An observation method with a microscope was used in order to commit the displacement of the object under acting an electric current pulse. Liquid dosing with a used equipment precision of 0.1 mg was performed. The dosing accuracy was determined by a liquid weighing method. It is shown that the unambiguous correspondence of the current and the pressure change can be employed for an accurate object positioning and a precise liquid dosing in experimental scientific researches and for solving practical problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on high-pressure air-loop gas flow standard facility","authors":"Zhipeng Xu ,&nbsp;Muze Bao ,&nbsp;Bin Zhou ,&nbsp;Shangshun Chen ,&nbsp;Chaoyang Chen ,&nbsp;Gaoming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regular calibration of gas flow meters is essential for ensuring their reliable operation. The calibration environment must be consistent with the actual working one to obtain accurate assessment results. In this study, a high-pressure air-loop gas flow meter calibration standard facility has been proposed, and four flow meters with different flow ranges were employed as standard meters. The actual working conditions of flow meters were simulated by precisely controlling pressure and temperature. The facility has a design flow range of (5–2500) m³/h, a working pressure range of (100–2000) kPa, and a working temperature range of (15–30) °C. A two-stage water temperature control system was adopted to ensure that the temperature variation during the test process at each flow point does not exceed 0.2 °C, and the effectiveness of the control method has been proved through experiments. The pressure measurement method used in this facility combined absolute pressure and differential pressure, which reduced the overall expanded uncertainty, which is 0.26 % (<em>k</em> = 2). Experiments were conducted to assess the facility's repeatability, flow stability and capability of rapid flow switching. The results indicated that the facility can be stabilized within 6 min after flow rate switching, and the maximum repeatability of the facility was 0.011 %, the stability during testing time fluctuated by no more than 0.5 %. According to current national verification regulations, this facility can be classified as a 0.33-grade standard facility for verifying and calibrating high-pressure gas flow meters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}