Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Visualization experiment on the ignition performance and flame-spreading in different charging structures","authors":"Cheng Shenshen,&nbsp;Tao Ruyi,&nbsp;Lu Xinggan,&nbsp;Cui Xiaoting,&nbsp;Wang Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to investigate the influence of different charging structures on the ignition performance and its influence on the particle movement before and after the film rupture of the chamber, a visualization experiment platform of the chamber was designed and built, and the stage tests of the ignition of the full particle charging, partial particle charging, mixed before and after the rod-particle charging and the full rod charging were carried out. The experiment shows that the free space will cause the flame propagation speed to increase significantly, from 77 m/s in the charge area to 575 m/s, and there will be pressure fluctuations in several areas of the chamber. The ignition performance of the rod is obviously better than that of the granular, and the pressure fluctuation in the chamber is smaller, the peak ignition gas pressure in the rod charge structure is only 50 % of that in the granular charge structure (1.6 MPa:3.2 MPa), and the maximum pressure difference is only 20 % of that in the granular propellant structure (0.5 MPa:2.5 MPa). The rod-particle mixed charge bed has good ignition consistency in the rod charge area, and when it reaches the granular charge area, the flame will be significantly hindered. The rod basically stays still during the ignition process in the chamber, while the granular will move with the gas flow when there is free space, and after the film is broken, the particle movement is faster than that before the film is broken.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of unsteady internal flow characteristics in axial pump with varying number of blades using computational modelling and vibration techniques","authors":"Ahmed Ramadhan Al-Obaidi ,&nbsp;Jassim Alhamid","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Axial pumps were extensively applied in many varying applications because of their large flow and low head. In this research investigation, the comparative analysis of the findings unveiled that the predominant source of hydraulic-induced vibration in the pump stemmed from pressure pulsations at the impeller inlet. Notably, similar patterns in amplitude were observed as flow rates increased. Furthermore, time-domain analysis confirmed that pressure pulsations and vibrations are highly correlated under high flow rates. Pressure pulsation's Frequency-domain analysis also revealed that it was a multiple of shaft frequency and changed from one multiple to three multiples of vibration. While analyzing the flow rate characteristics pertaining to pressure pulsation and vibration, it was determined that pressure pulsations at the impeller inlet had the potential to generate frequency components across a broad spectrum, encompassing both low and high flow rates, as well as their respective multiples. This phenomenon was particularly pronounced in regions characterized by unstable and high flow rates. Vibration ingredients likely influenced by pressure pulsation at the impeller inlet could be as low as design flow rates and as high as high flow rates. A vibration frequency with a multiple did not seem to be influenced by pulsating pressure at the impeller entrance. The present study focuses on investigation of flow behaviors in an axial pump with varying numbers of blades. It is an important geometric parameter that significantly affects the pump's performance. Therefore, the dynamic flow patterns in a pump, considering changed flow and impeller blade configurations, are investigated by employing the sliding mesh technique in combination with SST (k-ω) turbulence model. The numerical results exhibit a commendable alignment with the existing experimental data, enhancing the predictive accuracy of pump performance. Qualitative analyses encompass static pressure, shear stress, and various velocity components. Concurrently, quantitative investigations delve into pressure fluctuations and average pressure across a spectrum of operating conditions and impeller blade configurations. These comprehensive findings underscore the substantial influence of the impeller blade on pressure, velocity magnitudes radial, axial, tangential shear stress, average pressure within the system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invariant flow rate measurement system for three-component oil-gas-water flow","authors":"Zh.A. Dayev,&nbsp;A.K. Kairakbaev","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper presents an invariant flow rate measurement system for individual components for a flow that consists of oil, water, and gas. The proposed flow measurement system is a continuation of the work of the authors, which is based on the application of the multichannelling principle of invariance theory. The paper proposes and discusses the structure of the invariant system for measuring the flow rate of oil-water-gas, analytical expressions are obtained for the implementation of algorithms for measuring the flow rate of individual substances that make up the flow. The uncertainty of the flow rate measurement results was assessed separately for oil, water, and gas. In this work, it is shown that by selecting flow meters of the main and additional channels with an uncertainty of less than 0.5 %, for almost any ratio of components in the additional pipeline, it is possible to measure the flow rate of water or oil with an uncertainty of less than 3 %, and the flow rate of the gas fraction in free form can be measured with an uncertainty value of less than 1 %. The paper discusses the practical aspects of the implementation of an industrial prototype of the system and the characteristics that affect its accuracy and efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-cost, open-source gas flow meter for laboratory-scale bioreactors","authors":"Matheus Neves Araujo,&nbsp;Guilherme Henrique Duarte Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biogas production measurement is a fundamental aspect of anaerobic digestion research. Lab-scale experiments usually require devices capable of measuring low flowrates and low relative pressures. Despite the existence of multiple commercially available alternatives for such demands, each with particular advantages and limitations, researchers have often resorted to in-house developed systems. This inclination is motivated by cost savings and the potential for of customization to suit specific research needs. Those systems, however, are seldom reproduced beyond laboratory walls due to overly complex designs, limited component availability or unpublished software. In this work, we developed a fully open-source lab-scale biogas flow meter equipped with datalogging capabilities. Our approach relied on inexpensive, widely available electronic modules. The flow meter was calibrated, tested and validated in batch biogas production experiments, alongside a comparative assessment with a proprietary device widely used in the field. The semi-continuous gas meter presented a resolution of 7.45 ± 0.13 mL and maintained a stable pulse volume (under 2 % relative standard deviation) for flowrates ranging from 60 mL h⁻¹ to 1120 mL h⁻¹. The device was not sensitive to the evaporative loss of up to 7 mL of packing liquid, demonstrating its applicability to long-term experiments. The developed system was shown to be robust and reliable and can be easily reproduced, revised and enhanced in laboratories everywhere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining simulated annealing and RBF networks for accurate volumetric fraction determination of two-phase flows","authors":"Abdulilah Mohammad Mayet ,&nbsp;Seyed Mehdi Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Evgeniya Ilyinichna Gorelkina ,&nbsp;Jamil AlShaqsi ,&nbsp;Muneer Parayangat ,&nbsp;M. Ramkumar Raja ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdul Muqeet ,&nbsp;Salman Arafath Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The importance of flow monitoring in the oil industry has expanded due to the global need for fossil fuels. This has led to the emergence of a new subset of the flowmeter market. The goal of this study is to use a Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network developed through Simulated Annealing (SA) to pick features of the signals generated by gamma-based flowmeters in order to determined volumetric fractions. The volumetric detection system presented in this article consists of a¹³⁷Cs isotope as gamma emitter, two NaI detectors for collecting the photons, and a glass pipe in between them. Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) was used to model the above-mentioned geometry. Fifteen wavelet, frequency, and time characteristics were extracted from the raw data captured by both detectors. First, the SA optimization algorithm was used to identify the suitable attributes. Five useful features were presented as a consequence of this procedure, and they were fed into the RBF network in order to estimate volumetric percentages. This study is innovative in that it combines the RBF neural network with the SA algorithm to pick effective features. The outcome is as follows: (1) Outlining five appropriate characteristics for use in determining percentages of volume. (2) Predicting the volume fraction of materials in two-phase flow with a root mean square error of less than 0.22. (3) By recognizing suitable inputs using the method based on the SA algorithm, the artificial neural network can determine the target output with less computational load.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butterfly valve erosion prediction based on LSTM network","authors":"Qingtong Liu ,&nbsp;Chenghua Xie ,&nbsp;Baixin Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When valves and pipelines are used, erosion wear is a major concern. Erosion wear can lead to equipment downtime, material replacement, and other issues, as well as seal surface failure. The research delves into the phenomenon of erosion in butterfly valves, crucial components utilized across diverse industrial sectors. Erosion primarily affects the valve's disc and seat regions, leading to premature wear and compromised performance. To address this issue, the research employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and machine learning techniques, including long short-term memory (LSTM) and BP neural networks, to predict erosion rates under various conditions (different valve openings and particle diameters). Results indicate that erosion escalates with time and larger valve openings, highlighting the need for proactive maintenance strategies. The LSTM model demonstrates superior predictive capabilities compared to the BP neural network, offering valuable insights for improving butterfly valve design and operational efficiency in industrial settings. Furthermore, to seek a more efficient network configuration, the intelligent search capabilities of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm have been utilized to systematically explore the optimal network structure parameters. The prediction results highlight the advantages of LSTM in handling time series data, particularly in predicting erosion rates with complex dynamic characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the working characteristics of a double jet pump used for high sand content extraction in the oil and gas production","authors":"Yang Tang ,&nbsp;Wudi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yufa He ,&nbsp;Jianfei Wei ,&nbsp;Haoyu Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to fulfill the present need for downhole lifting pumps in various cutting-edge drilling techniques, a double jet pump is ingeniously devised. The internal three-dimensional characteristics of this pump are utilized to optimize its structural parameters through the flow field simulation method. Extensive evaluations are conducted to assess the alterations in jet performance under different parameters, including area ratios, throat lengths, nozzle exit positions, and nozzle area ratios. The pivotal structural parameters of the double jet pump are optimized as follows: area ratio <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.22</mn></mrow></math></span>, throat length <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>L</mi><mi>h</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>84.5</mn></mrow></math></span> mm, nozzle exit position <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>L</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>6.76</mn></mrow></math></span> mm, and nozzle area ratio <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.3</mn></mrow></math></span>. Furthermore, an experimental platform is meticulously erected to validate the principles of the double jet pump and to analyze its jet performance. This ascertains the feasibility of the double jet pump and validates the accuracy of the simulation and analysis results. This device can be effectively employed in the oil and gas production characterized by a high sand content extraction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropic turbulence modeling for natural channel flow: A numerical approach with finite element method","authors":"R.N. Silva,&nbsp;F.R.T. Camargo,&nbsp;R.C.F. Mendes,&nbsp;R.M. Bertolina,&nbsp;M.M. Nunes,&nbsp;T.F. Oliveira,&nbsp;A.C.P. Brasil Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we propose a numerical model aimed at improving the understanding and prediction of flow velocities in natural channels. This model specifically focuses on the challenges presented by anisotropic turbulence and bottom roughness. By incorporating the mixing length concept into an algebraic turbulence model and employing the finite element method with Streamline-Upwind/Petrov–Galerkin (SUPG) stabilization, our model seeks to refine the simulation of axial velocity distribution and secondary motions. Validation was achieved through Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements in three sections of the Canal do Rodeador, showing our model’s predictions of discharge and average velocity to have a deviation of approximately 9.34% from experimental data. The results underline the significance of secondary currents and turbulence anisotropy in shaping channel flow behaviors, offering new insights into the interactions between flow characteristics and channel bed features. This model stands out as a robust tool for hydraulic structure design and hydrokinetic potential evaluation, providing a non-intrusive, cost-effective alternative to traditional methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining effective sampling frequencies for transient pressure events in water distribution systems optimal sampling for WDS transients","authors":"H. Kim ,&nbsp;S. Lee ,&nbsp;E. Jeong ,&nbsp;D. Kim ,&nbsp;H. Kim ,&nbsp;K.Y. Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces a novel methodology for determining the optimal frequency for pressure data acquisition in water distribution systems (WDSs) in response to transient-flow events such as pipe ruptures. By leveraging actual design and operational data, we simulated potential rupture scenarios and their resultant pressure wave patterns through transient-flow analysis. Harmonic series modeling was used to identify significant periods that closely replicate the observed pressure-wave time series. This allowed the derivation of recommended data acquisition intervals tailored to each monitoring site within the network. The proposed approach facilitates comprehensive analysis of all possible hydraulic shock scenarios, which can provide insights into both the existing monitoring infrastructure and strategic planning in the design phase of the WDS. Although the methodology focuses on rupture events, its application can extend to various water-quality indicators and flow rates, albeit with consideration of their typically static behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955598624001304/pdfft?md5=744bc760d4f25fecd0f6a6f9ac142763&pid=1-s2.0-S0955598624001304-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of log periodic feedline based filter for water leakage detection in size invariant PVC pipes","authors":"Amartya Paul,&nbsp;Gaurav Bhargava,&nbsp;Shubhankar Majumdar","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this proposed work, water leakage detection in Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes has been investigated using a ring filter connected to log-periodic feedlines (LPF). The proposed filter has a well-structured ring design to adjust the PVC pipes and operates between 0.3 GHz &amp; 0.7 GHz. Using a signal generator &amp; analyzer, attenuation measurements are obtained to analyze the impact of water leakage. PVC pipes with varying diameters (3 inches, 2 inches, 1.5 inches, &amp; 1 inch) are connected with water stoppers to control the water flow during experiments. The leak is contained within a plastic tub to make measurements easier. Results show a good connection between attenuation &amp; water level for all pipe diameters, supporting the LPF-based ring filter’s effectiveness as a leakage detector. An analogous circuit model is created to evaluate the filter’s performance further. At the same time, the resonant parameters, such as Q-factors &amp; resonant frequencies, are retrieved from <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>21</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> magnitude measurements in the operating frequency range. The proposed methodology is shown to be accurate &amp; reliable, offering significant potential for water leakage detection in PVC pipe systems. By accurately detecting water leakage, this technology enables prompt repairs, reducing water loss &amp; associated costs, enhancing water infrastructure, and promoting sustainable water management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}