Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Integrated fiber-optic Pitot tube sensor based on dual Fabry-Perot micro-cavities for airflow speed measurement","authors":"Yueying Liu ,&nbsp;Jingliang Wei ,&nbsp;Yang Cheung ,&nbsp;Qiang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenguo Jing ,&nbsp;Wei Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, an integrated fiber-optic Pitot tube sensor based on differential pressure principle for airflow speed measurement is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor array, comprising dual miniature fiber-tip pressure sensing probes, is integrated in two thin pressure conduits located at the head of the Pitot tube. This allows direct measurement of total and static pressures at the very top of the probe, which contributes to mitigating pneumatic lag and enhancing the reliability of airflow speed measurements. Based on the differential pressure principle derived from Bernoulli's equation, the airflow speed can be determined by simultaneously monitoring the changes in FP cavity lengths of both sensing probes. The single miniature fiber-tip sensing probe of the sensor array is made by fusing a standard single-mode fiber (SMF) to a section of hollow-core fiber (HCF) with an outer diameter of 125 μm and fixing a 280 nm-thick gold-silver sensitive diaphragm of comparable diameter at the other endface of the HCF. The ultra-thin diaphragms produced by microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have high uniformity and good airtightness, supporting consistent response and stable operation of both fiber-tip sensing probes at the same time during the controlled airflow tests. Experimental results demonstrate that the measurable range of the sensor array spans from 0 to ±300 Pa, exhibiting sensitivities of 251.41 nm/kPa and 248.73 nm/kPa, respectively, and resolutions of 0.48 %F.S. (1.43 Pa) and 0.46 %F.S. (1.37 Pa). To fulfill the demands of real-time speed measurement, we have developed a dual-channel white light interferometer (WLI) interrogator capable of acquiring data at a frequency of 100 Hz. When combined with the integrated fiber-optic Pitot tube sensor, this system enables the measurement of airflow speed ranging from 5.97 to 16.42 m/s, showing an error rate not exceeding 1.53 %F.S. compared to a standard anemometer. The primary characteristics of this work encompass compact and lightweight sensing structure, high-frequency scanning, and good measurement accuracy, rendering it ideally suited for applications in wind tunnel research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic characteristic analysis and optimization of a pilot-operated safety valve based on co-simulation","authors":"Lintao Wang ,&nbsp;Xinkai Ding ,&nbsp;Yongxin Wang ,&nbsp;Ruichuan Li ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Zihan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of dynamic characteristic analysis of pilot-operated safety valve systems under multi-physics coupling and multi-structure interactions, this study proposes a multi-structure coupling dynamic analysis method based on 1D-3D co-simulation, using the AMESim and STAR-CCM + platforms. The method systematically reveals the regulation mechanisms of various structural parameters on the dynamic performance of the pilot-operated safety valve. By establishing a high-precision co-simulation framework, key structural parameters of the pilot valve, piston, and main valve are optimized collaboratively using experimental design and the SHERPA algorithm within the working pressure range of 140–170 kPa. This framework accurately characterizes the interaction mechanisms between the pilot valve, piston, and main valve and quantifies the control effects of different structural parameters on the pilot-operated safety valve. The “pilot valve, piston dynamic regulation - main valve fluid-structure interaction” progressive optimization strategy was employed, ensuring the analysis and optimization of the dynamic performance of the pilot-operated safety valve while fully considering multi-structure coupling effects. The results show that the optimized pilot-operated safety valve exhibits a 68.18 % reduction in pressure overshoot, a 61.61 % improvement in system response speed, and a 14.19 % increase in maximum discharge capacity at the maximum main valve lift. This study reveals the synergistic control mechanisms of the pilot-operated safety valve and provides theoretical foundations and engineering methods for the structural design and optimization of high-performance pilot-operated safety valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization for erosion protection of wear-prone components based on optimal prediction model","authors":"Minjuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao Cen ,&nbsp;Shengnan Du ,&nbsp;Miaomiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Li ,&nbsp;Jin Wei ,&nbsp;Siyan Hong ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Bingyuan Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of shale gas extraction, vulnerable components such as gas extraction pipeline elbows and needle throttle valves are frequently subjected to severe erosive wear due to gas-solid two-phase flow, which often leads to serious production accidents. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a collaborative optimization method integrates machine learning with multi-objective optimization. The erosion characteristics of elbows and needle throttle valves subjected to gas-solid two-phase flow are analyzed, and a high-precision erosion rate prediction model is established based on a data-driven approach. On this basis, a multi-objective optimization framework is constructed. The framework aims to minimize the erosion rate of elbows and achieve a weighted erosion balance in the needle throttling valve area. The control variables used are valve opening, inlet velocity, and particle mass flow rate. By incorporating process constraints (including the feasible domain of parameters and system pressure drop limitations), the engineering feasibility of the optimization results is ensured. The improved NSGA-II algorithm and the Epsilon constraint method are employed to solve the model, yielding the Pareto optimal solution set and optimization results that meet the constraint conditions. The results show that the optimized parameter combinations can significantly reduce the erosion rate of vulnerable components, extend their service life, and meet the requirements of system operating efficiency. This study provides a scientific basis and optimization strategy for the erosion protection of vulnerable components in gas production pipelines, holding significant engineering application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103080"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural design of a large flow pressure compensation valve based on flow force compensation and optimization","authors":"Zeqin Peng ,&nbsp;Le Wang ,&nbsp;Rulin Zhou ,&nbsp;Guofang Gong ,&nbsp;Huayong Yang ,&nbsp;Dong Han","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spacecraft rely on umbilical arms to supply gas, deliver power, and load fuel. Moments before liftoff, these arms must swiftly and smoothly retract, a process managed by flow control valves equipped with pressure compensating valves (PCVs). For heavy-lift rockets, the umbilical arms require significantly greater driving power, necessitating stable pressure compensation by the PCVs under large flow conditions, particularly at a rated flow of 800 L/min. However, under such conditions, the spool of the PCV is subjected to significant, highly nonlinear flow force, making it difficult to achieve proper alignment with the spring stiffness. This mismatch severely impacts the pressure regulation performance of the PCV. To enhance the alignment between the flow force curve and spring stiffness under large flow conditions, finite element simulations were initially conducted on the designed hollow-spool PCV. These simulations provided mapping data between the valve port structural parameters and flow force, which served as the basis for constructing response surface models for the linearity and magnitude of the flow force curve. Subsequently, a multi-objective flow force optimization algorithm based on NSGA-II was designed. After clustering analysis of the optimized structures, the linearity of the flow force curve improved by 43.6 %. To further reduce the magnitude of the flow force and enhance spool stability, two flow force compensation structures were designed based on the optimized geometry. The maximum flow forces were reduced to 494 N and 530 N, representing decreases of 29.7 % and 24.6 %, respectively. Finally, a large flow force testing platform was designed to evaluate the flow force curves of the two schemes under various operating conditions. The results demonstrated a maximum deviation of 10.6 % between simulation and experiment, and the measured pressure differential across the throttling port remained stable at 0.7 MPa and a flow rate fluctuation within 6.6 %, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed compensation design. This study provides a research method for correcting flow force curves and has significant implications for improving the stability of large flow control valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern recognition of oil-water two-phase flow based on multilevel fusion features","authors":"Han Lian-fu ,&nbsp;Zhang Yin-Hao ,&nbsp;Li Na-na ,&nbsp;Niu Zhi-Bo ,&nbsp;Wang Hai-xia ,&nbsp;Gu Jian-fei ,&nbsp;Liu Xing-bin ,&nbsp;Fu Chang-feng","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oil-water two-phase flow pattern is so complex that it is very difficult to recognize. To accurately identify the flow pattern of oil-water two-phase flow, this paper proposes a flow pattern identification method. This paper proposes a multilevel fusion features-based flow pattern recognition method, establishes an oil-water two-phase flow pattern recognition model, builds a flow pattern acquisition system, constructs a flow pattern database, and carries out recognition experiments using horizontal flow patterns and vertical flow patterns. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed flow pattern recognition method achieves recognition rates of 99.1 % and 98.6 % for horizontal and vertical flow patterns, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow fluctuation suppression of mud lifting pump based on fractional-order sliding mode control","authors":"Changping Li ,&nbsp;Haixin Deng ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Wang ,&nbsp;Rulei Qin ,&nbsp;Haowen Chen ,&nbsp;Guole Yin ,&nbsp;Yanjiang Yu ,&nbsp;Wenwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In deep-sea riserless mud recovery (RMR) drilling operations, single-pump mud lifting systems lack sufficient equipment redundancy under deepwater environmental conditions and harsh operating scenarios. They also demonstrate limited capability in handling complex downhole incidents such as lost circulation and kicks. While dual-pump collaborative operations enhance the adaptability to complex deepwater conditions, flow rate fluctuations during pump switching processes may induce cuttings deposition, posing severe operational stability challenges. To address these issues, first, a discrete element fluid-solid model for deep-sea lifting pumps is developed through coupled Fluent and EDEM (Engineering Discrete Element Method) simulations, deriving time-dependent flow rate characteristic curves during pump startup; second, a multi-scenario smooth flow control model for dual-pump systems is designed based on a closed-loop dual-pump configuration, enabling numerical experimentation on pipeline flow variations under diverse operational conditions, rotational speed, and valve actuation parameters. Simulation analysis examines the relationship between actual monitored flow rate and preset target value; third, a fractional-order sliding mode control law is designed based on flow error signals, mapping these errors to parameter adjustments for pump flow regulation. By optimizing control parameters and strategies, system smoothness and stability during operational mode switching are significantly improved. Finally, numerical validation demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed strategy. In typical scenarios of switching from single pump operation to dual-pump series operation and from to dual-pump parallel operation, compared with PID controller models and sliding mode control (SMC) respectively, the model based on fractional-order sliding mode control (FOSMC) significantly reduces the flow deviation, remarkably reducing flow fluctuations. Results show the FOSMC strategy achieves faster convergence speed and lower steady-state errors. This study develops a fluid-solid coupling prediction model to systematically analyze flow characteristics under various operating conditions through systematic prediction and thoroughly understand flow fluctuations. Building on this, the proposed fractional-order control framework not only enhances flow stabilization compared to traditional methods but also optimizes optimal flow control strategies. The results achieve dynamic flow stability in the RMR system and support the design of a high-performance, reliable deep-sea mud lifting pump. Additionally, they provide a theoretical foundation for subsequent experiments-particularly the transient behaviors during pump switching, while offering a validated control framework for the dual-pump mud lifting system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and stability enhancement of high-speed on-off valve for water hydraulic manipulator joint based on multistage voltage and sliding mode control","authors":"Xing Yang,&nbsp;Xujun Ye,&nbsp;Jize Jiang,&nbsp;Xiguang Hu,&nbsp;Defa Wu,&nbsp;Yinshui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water hydraulic manipulators are becoming indispensable heavy-duty tools in nuclear facilities due to their zero-pollution advantage. Due to the limited reliability and lifespan of hydraulic valves using water as the working medium, water hydraulic high-speed on-off valves (WHSVs), capable of delivering discrete flow rates, are commonly employed as control components for water hydraulic manipulators. However, low-frequency flow output of the WHSV can cause vibrations in the manipulator joint and even damage the structure. To improve the operating frequency of the WHSV and enhance the stability of the manipulator, a multistage voltage and sliding mode control (MVSMC) algorithm is proposed to regulate WHSV operation. The sliding mode controller is employed to control the pre-opening current and holding current of the WHSV, which significantly reduces the switching time and increases the maximum switching frequency (MSF) of the WHSV. The dynamic characteristics and MSF of the WHSV driven by double-voltage control (DVC) and MVSMC are measured. Compared to DVC, the opening time of the WHSV driven by MVSMC is reduced by 46.5 %, and the closing time is reduced by 24.6 %. The WHSV driven by MVSMC achieves an MSF of 253 Hz, which is 25.9 % higher than that achieved with the DVC method. An experimental platform with a WHSV-controlled cylinder is constructed to test the manipulator joint. Experimental results demonstrate that MVSMC reduces the vibration amplitude of the manipulator joint by 15.9 % and improves system stability. The proposed MVSMC provides an effective control approach to achieve high-frequency operation in water hydraulic manipulators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance testing of improved method for oil/water sample mixing, handling and analysis in high water cut samples","authors":"Pamela I. Chacon ,&nbsp;Richard Guilbeau ,&nbsp;Flavia Viana ,&nbsp;Gary Potten ,&nbsp;James Strawn","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the dynamic performance test results of an improved method previously developed in a benchtop test [1]. The performance test was done on a dynamic flow test facility using a light crude oil and salt water, and it was carried out as a part of an overall assessment of the performance of 7 different water cut analyzers (WCA).</div><div>The dynamic performance test consisted of gathering and analyzing spot samples from an oil/water mixture flowing through a test section in the flow loop. This testing simulated the field application of using the previously developed improved method[1] to field verify a WCA with water cuts ranging from 15 % to 95 %. Results with two different water salinities and with gas injected into the flowing stream are included in this manuscript.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and testing of a low-cost ultrasonic leak detector","authors":"Senol Gulgonul","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the development of an ultrasonic leak detection system utilizing the Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense Rev2 board. The research aimed to create a compact and cost-effective solution for identifying leaks in high-pressure pipes. We developed algorithms to enable lossless recording (without buffer overflow or dropped samples) and processing of sound data captured by the onboard Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems (MEMS) microphone. Key signal processing techniques, including the implementation of an Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) high-pass filter and Root-Mean-Square (RMS) calculation, are employed to detect ultrasonic frequencies associated with leaks. We tested the system on a pressurized pipe setup, demonstrating its ability to accurately identify leaks via a distinct 26 kHz ultrasonic peak within an effective range of 20 cm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wet air flow rate metering based on a longwavelength sound propagation","authors":"Johann E. Castro-Bolivar ,&nbsp;Marlon M. Hernandez-Cely ,&nbsp;Oscar M.H. Rodriguez","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measuring gas flow rate accurately is an ongoing challenge, primarily due to the stringent requirements for low metering uncertainty demanded by regulatory agencies. Gas transport systems, for instance gas flare systems employed in the metallurgical and oil and gas industries, comprise mixed gases, large pipe sizes, and rapid fluctuations in operational conditions, and the presence of dispersed liquid droplets. All those factors can significantly impact the performance of commercial flow meters, including thermal, Pitot tubes, orifice plates and ultrasonic meters. This study introduces a novel technique for measuring flow rates in water–air dispersed flow in ducts. This method relies on harnessing one-dimensional acoustic waves within the duct. The prototype was rigorously tested in a controlled laboratory condition. A signal treatment and analysis methodology was proposed to calculate the transit time of the plane sound waves in wet gas flow, and the results obtained from these experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for accurately measuring flow rates across a wide range of water–air flow conditions in a <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>”</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> duct. The results are promising and suggest the scalability of this technology for application in full-scale systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}