Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献_第2页

Numerical analysis of hydro-abrasive erosion in a five-jet Pelton turbine distributor

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102855

Navam Shrivastava, Anant Kumar Rai

{"title":"Numerical analysis of hydro-abrasive erosion in a five-jet Pelton turbine distributor","authors":"Navam Shrivastava, Anant Kumar Rai","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In high-head hydropower plants, the Pelton injector is prone to erosion even for low sediment concentration and smaller size particles due to high flow velocities. Here, the effect of complex flow in a five-jet Pelton distributor is considered for analysing the erosion in the injector and distributor numerically. The discrete phase model based on an Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is used for tracking sediment particles. In this study, a good agreement of the obtained results with the experiments and field observations in a high-head hydropower plant validated the numerical methods selected. For larger-sized particles, a significant difference in the erosion among nozzles of the distributor was found. However, the difference in the erosion was reduced for smaller-sized particles. Further, erosion observed in the fifth nozzle was four times higher than the second nozzle considering 200 μm size particles during part-load conditions. Variation of sediment impact velocity due to change in sediment size has a similar trend for both the nozzle and needle surfaces. In contrast, variation in sediment concentration in the nozzle and needle resulted in an inverse relation with sediment size. The asymmetrical erosion pattern obtained for the nozzle is consistent with the erosion pattern from the prototype plant. Asymmetricity was also observed in the distribution of sediments in the jet, substantially for the fifth injector. The head loss at the third bifurcation is two times more at the full-load condition compared to the part-load condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation of the external acoustic field characteristics of gas pipeline leakage

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102853

Shenglin Diao, Wenjun Wu, Ben Zhang, Li Wang

{"title":"Numerical simulation of the external acoustic field characteristics of gas pipeline leakage","authors":"Shenglin Diao, Wenjun Wu, Ben Zhang, Li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The external acoustic field characteristics of leakage from pipelines are crucial in assessing the feasibility of non-contact acoustic methods for pipeline leakage detection. This study explores the characteristics of such leakage in gas pipelines by coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) flow field calculations with the acoustic software ACTRAN. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) was first employed to calculate the unsteady flow field during a leak of gas pipelines. To account for the high Mach number associated with gas pipeline leakage, the Möhring acoustic analogy method was employed to extract the aerodynamic noise source. This approach utilized time-averaged flow velocity data from the unsteady flow field as the background flow. The study further examined the characteristics of the external leakage sound source under varying fluid pressure conditions. Additionally, the near-field and far-field propagation characteristics of the sound source were analyzed using a combination of acoustic finite element and infinite element methods. The results demonstrate that a high-velocity jet region forms at the outlet of the leakage hole during a gas pipeline leak, generating a leakage sound source predominantly characterized by a quadrupole sound source. The peak sound pressure level of the leakage noise is primarily concentrated in the low-frequency range. While the pressure differential between the inside and outside of the pipeline influences the intensity of the sound source within the jet region, it does not significantly affect the frequency characteristics of the sound source. The strong sound source distribution largely coincides with the jet region, and the propagation of the leakage sound source along the jet direction is symmetric, with this symmetry maintained across varying distances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic mode decomposition based investigation of unsteady flow characteristics and pressure pulsations in centrifugal pumps operating under partial load conditions for scientific advancement

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102850

Jiaxing Lu , Chenzhuo Ning , Feng Wu , Xiaobing Liu , Kai Luo , Fan Zhang , Yilong Qiu

{"title":"Dynamic mode decomposition based investigation of unsteady flow characteristics and pressure pulsations in centrifugal pumps operating under partial load conditions for scientific advancement","authors":"Jiaxing Lu , Chenzhuo Ning , Feng Wu , Xiaobing Liu , Kai Luo , Fan Zhang , Yilong Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To analyze the unsteady flow properties and their effect on the centrifugal pump performance, we employ a hybrid approach using numerical and experimental methods to evaluate and identify complex flow states. The pressure variations measured experimentally at the centrifugal pump's input and outlet are analyzed utilizing the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The flow field data generated by numerical simulation is studied to analyze the distribution of pressure, turbulent kinetic energy and distribution of the velocity streamlines under different working conditions, the method of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is utilized to examine distribution of vorticity within a centrifugal pump working under conditions of partial load and designed flow rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between the inlet and outlet pressure fluctuations of the pump and the flow instability. Using CWT analysis of the pump inlet and outlet pressure pulsation signal, the amplitude of the rotor frequency <em>(f</em><sub>0</sub>) and twice the rotor frequency (2<em>f</em><sub>0</sub>) increased significantly when the flow decreased. The decrease of flow rate promotes the scale and number of vortices, and also promotes the development of pump vibration strength. With the decrease of the flow rate, the vortex constantly diffuses from the suction side of the blade to the pressure side, the pressure at the impeller shows obvious heterogeneity, and the strength of the vortex structure also increases and gradually diffused, resulting in the obstruction of the flow channel. These findings provide a scientific basis for ensuring the stable operation of the centrifugal pump.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Void fraction measurement of horizontal gas–liquid two-phase flow based on multifiber optical probe 基于多纤维光学探针的水平气液两相流空隙率测量技术

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102841

Weihang Kong , Shaohua Li , Yang Li , Longlin Chen , Xianbin Wang , He Li , Hu Hao , Xiang Zhou

{"title":"Void fraction measurement of horizontal gas–liquid two-phase flow based on multifiber optical probe","authors":"Weihang Kong , Shaohua Li , Yang Li , Longlin Chen , Xianbin Wang , He Li , Hu Hao , Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to achieve the void fraction measurement under different flow patterns, we develop the void fraction measurement method of gas–liquid two-phase flow based on multifiber optical probes in the horizontal collecting pipeline with small diameter in this paper. Specially, the flow characteristics and laws of the gas–liquid two-phase fluid are explored in horizontal small-diameter collecting pipeline; the structure of the multifiber optical probes is designed and optimized through Zemax simulation, and then the sensor with the optimal hexagonal seven-probe structure is developed and validated on the established experimental platform for void fraction measurement under different working conditions. Experimental results show that the developed void fraction measurement method based on the structure of multifiber optical probes has good applicability for void fraction measurement under different flow patterns in horizontal pipelines, and its measurement error does not exceed 0.07.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new path in compressor valve design: Optimizing rotary cupped valves for superior flow and efficiency

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102848

Xiao Hong, Dajing Liu, Weilin Cui, Dexi Wang, Xinrui Fu, Xiwen Cao, Ming Zhao

{"title":"A new path in compressor valve design: Optimizing rotary cupped valves for superior flow and efficiency","authors":"Xiao Hong, Dajing Liu, Weilin Cui, Dexi Wang, Xinrui Fu, Xiwen Cao, Ming Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional optimization methods for reciprocating compressor valves are primarily suited for self-acting valves with elastic components, where parameters such as thrust coefficient and Mach number impose mutual constraints, thereby limiting performance improvements. To address limitation, a novel rotary cupped valve has been proposed, achieving precise control through valve core rotation and reducing dependency on gas and spring forces. To meet the design requirements of the full process control type valve, a new mathematical optimization model was developed, and its performance was quantitatively analyzed and optimized through ANSYS fluid-structure coupling numerical simulations. Experimental results demonstrated that, compared to traditional self-acting plate valve, the novel valve reduces leakage by 5 %, increases the flow coefficient by 8.16 %, expands the effective flow area by 88.64 %, and decreases pressure loss by 40.36 %. The model's calculations are in good agreement with experimental results, with a maximum error within 5 %. Additionally, the full opening time of the novel rotary cupped valve is extended by 66.7 % compared to traditional valves, with an increase in capacity by 6 % and a reduction in power consumption by 0.6 %, demonstrating significant engineering application value and promising prospects for further development and widespread adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A filtering method for high-temperature and high-pressure conductivity probe signals based on VMD and wavelet thresholding

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102845

Chao Tang , Wenxiong Zhou , Xubing Tan , Gangyang Liu , Kang Li , Hao Liu , Zhenming Zhao , Liangming Pan , Zaiyong Ma

{"title":"A filtering method for high-temperature and high-pressure conductivity probe signals based on VMD and wavelet thresholding","authors":"Chao Tang , Wenxiong Zhou , Xubing Tan , Gangyang Liu , Kang Li , Hao Liu , Zhenming Zhao , Liangming Pan , Zaiyong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conductivity probe is currently one of the most comprehensive and widely used measurement methods of two-phase flow parameters. However, the conductivity probe signal will have a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, leading to an increase in error in bubble recognition and further affecting the parameter calculation results. This study proposes a conductivity probe signal processing algorithm based on Variational Modal Decomposition (VMD) and wavelet threshold denoising. Simulation experiments show that the proposed method performs better than other signal decomposition methods. Finally, according to the processing of the conductivity probe signal of the high-temperature and high-pressure narrow rectangular channel, the results show that the void fraction processed by the algorithm closely matches with the images taken by the high-speed camera, which verifies the effectiveness of this algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on the hydraulics of a new two-cycle inclined-bed triangular labyrinth side weir in straight open channels

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102846

Mohammad Parvaneh , Ali Parvaneh , Gholam Reza Rakhshandehroo , Mohammad Reza Jalili Ghazizadeh , Hadi Sadeghian

{"title":"Experimental investigation on the hydraulics of a new two-cycle inclined-bed triangular labyrinth side weir in straight open channels","authors":"Mohammad Parvaneh , Ali Parvaneh , Gholam Reza Rakhshandehroo , Mohammad Reza Jalili Ghazizadeh , Hadi Sadeghian","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Side weirs are commonly used as hydraulic control structures to regulate water discharge from water conveyance systems such as drainage, irrigation, and other open channels. In particular, labyrinth geometries have been employed by researchers to increase the crest length of side weirs. In this study, a new inclined-bed design for two-cycle triangular side weirs was proposed and its discharge properties were investigated. Using various hydraulic variables and geometric designs, 161 experiments were conducted, and the nonlinear partial least squares (PLS) method was applied to develop an equation to estimate the discharge coefficient. Based on error analysis of the equation, most of the calculated values fell within ±7 % of the measurement values. The results showed an accuracy of ±3.76 % and a normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) of 0.35 for the equation, which were considered satisfactorily acceptable. The proposed design exhibited a significant efficiency improvement of up to 55 % and 76 % relative to those of two-cycle orthogonal-bed triangular labyrinth side weir and rectangular side weir, respectively. Based on the results, the proposed two-cycle side weir was more effective than its one-cycle counterpart by 16 % for the same opening length (<span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></math></span>) and protrusion size (e).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on two-phase flow parameters and patterns of gas-liquid flow in small-diameter helically coiled tubes

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102844

Fucheng Chang , Jiaqi Yang , Xi Li , Hengyuan Wang , Kexin Chen , Huixiong Li

{"title":"Experimental investigation on two-phase flow parameters and patterns of gas-liquid flow in small-diameter helically coiled tubes","authors":"Fucheng Chang , Jiaqi Yang , Xi Li , Hengyuan Wang , Kexin Chen , Huixiong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The helically coiled tube (HCT) heat exchangers, recognized for the high heat transfer coefficients and excellent thermal expansibility, are crucial devices with wide-ranging engineering applications. The unique combination of gravity and centrifugal force yields a distinctive distribution and transformation of flow patterns, emphasizing the need for precise measurement and understanding of the two-phase parameters within the HCT. This paper presented an electrical conductivity probe measurement system designed to detect two-phase flow patterns and parameters in gas-liquid flow within small-diameter HCTs, specifically with inner diameters of 6 mm and 10 mm. The influence of superficial gas and liquid velocities on flow patterns in HCTs was investigated, resulting in four distinct classifications: bubble flow, plug flow, slug flow, and annular-slug flow. Correspondingly, the voltage signals from the conductivity probes manifested as descending pulse waves, descending narrow rectangular waves, descending wide rectangular waves, and ascending pulse waves. The variations in two-phase flow parameters were analyzed, revealing that the probability density distribution of bubble chord lengths conformed to the Lorentzian peak function. Then, quantitative criteria for flow pattern classification within the HCTs were developed using primarily voltage signals and supplemented by high-speed camera imagery. The effect of the inner diameter of the HCT on the flow pattern transition boundaries was discussed. Finally, the applicability of the existing correlations for the flow transition boundaries was verified based on experimental data within small-diameter HCTs.This study provides a crucial reference basis for subsequent studies on bubble dynamics and heat transfer mechanisms within HCTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid model of ResNet and transformer for efficient image reconstruction of electromagnetic tomography

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102843

Xianglong Liu , Huilin Feng , Ying Wang , Danyang Li , Kun Zhang

{"title":"Hybrid model of ResNet and transformer for efficient image reconstruction of electromagnetic tomography","authors":"Xianglong Liu , Huilin Feng , Ying Wang , Danyang Li , Kun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic tomography (EMT) is an electrical tomography technique based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, aimed at studying the spatial distribution of materials with electromagnetic properties. However, traditional image reconstruction in EMT faces challenges such as ill-posedness and non-linearity, which lead to problems such as poor reconstruction accuracy, unclear positioning, and blurred image contours. To address these issues, this paper proposes a hybrid model that combines ResNet-18 and Vision Transformer (ViT) neural network to solve the inverse problem. In this hybrid model, the excellent feature extraction ability of CNNs and the global feature extraction ability of Transformers are fully utilized. By incorporating the last two residual blocks of ResNet-18 and the 8-head attention mechanism of ViT, the model effectively captures long-range dependencies and integrates features of different scales, enhancing robustness and generalization. The results after 250 iterations show that the hybrid model achieves better performance in EMT image reconstruction compared with the traditional algorithms. In addition, the robustness of the proposed model to noise and its reconstruction performance with random samples are tested, which confirms the reliability and generalization ability of the proposed model. Furthermore, an 8-coil EMT experimental system was built to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the hybrid model and demonstrate its potential for application in EMT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improvement and uncertainty evaluation of a static gravimetric facility for natural gas

IF 2.3 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102842

Jia Ren , Yang Dong , Huang Min , Zhou Fang , Manzheng Zhang

引用次数: 0