Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Error-enhanced aadaptive disturbance rejection control for high-frequency response pilot-operated electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve","authors":"Yanchao Li ,&nbsp;Ruichuan Li ,&nbsp;Junru Yang ,&nbsp;Jiangcheng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-frequency response pilot-operated electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve (HFRPPV) is a hydraulic component with high response speed and high precision, which is widely used in construction machinery, agricultural machinery equipment and large-scale power platforms. Given the nonlinearity, uncertainty, and susceptibility to interference inherent in HFRPPV, the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) strategy exhibits excellent control performance. To address the problems of traditional ADRC, including poor compensation effect, large system errors caused by mismatch, and the contradiction between dynamic performance and steady-state error, this paper designs a disturbance estimation dynamic integral module and proposes an error-enhanced adaptive disturbance rejection control (EEADRC) strategy. First, the working principle of HFRPPV is analyzed. Then, the mathematical models and simulation models of both HFRPPV and the EEADRC are established. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of ADRC and EEADRC is conducted in terms of control precision and anti-interference ability, and experiments are carried out to verify the accuracy and reliability of the simulation models. The results show that during continuous step changes, the displacement errors of EEADRC were reduced by 1.40 %, 0.34 % and 0.6 % respectively, and the relative displacement error decreased by 78 %, 50.75 % and 42.86 % respectively. Following the application of identical external disturbances, EEADRC is more anti-interference than ADRC. Moreover, when the external disturbance is removed, EEADRC can restore the main spool displacement to its pre-disturbance position, demonstrating stronger anti-interference and adaptive capabilities. Both simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Since this control strategy does not rely on the mathematical model of the controlled object, it is universally applicable to various controlled objects. The control strategy proposed in this paper effectively solves the inherent defects of traditional ADRC and holds significant theoretical innovation and application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer learning for data-driven wet gas flow metering: Enhancing generalisation in digital measurement systems","authors":"Seyedahmad Hosseini ,&nbsp;Gabriele Chinello ,&nbsp;Gordon Lindsay ,&nbsp;Erfan Loweimi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ayub Ansari ,&nbsp;Don McGlinchey","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the energy and industrial process sectors, it is very important to be able to accurately and in real time estimate multiphase flowrates for safe and efficient operations. However, the advancement of data-driven soft sensors is hindered by the limited availability and significant expense of labelled field data. This study investigates transfer learning (TL) as a viable approach to address data constraints and assesses its efficacy within two deep learning architectures: Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The source domain for both architectures was a large, high-quality dataset collected from the TÜV-SÜD NEL wet gas flow facility. Two representative field datasets with very few samples were selected as target domains to create realistic deployment scenarios. Conditional Tabular GANs (CTGANs) are used to ensure data augmentation while preserving physical plausibility. A structured TL framework was established to examine the effects of different layer-freezing strategies on the system. The results show that TL, especially when combined with full fine-tuning, performed better than non-TL methods. TL models not only provided more precise predictions of gas and liquid flow rates but also exhibited improved generalizability to unobserved field conditions and greater conformity with the physical behaviour. In both datasets and model architectures, TL consistently lowered prediction errors (in most cases) compared to non-TL methods. It also made convergence more stable and improved robustness when there was not much data available. In contrast, using pre-trained models without any changes led to a substantial drop in performance, whereas models built from scratch were more affected by a lack of data and often had trouble converging effectively. This framework has great potential for use in fields beyond oil and gas. This also supports the digital transformation of flow diagnostics in changing multiphase conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on erosion characteristics of piston pump during discharge","authors":"Desheng Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Caihua Zhou ,&nbsp;Xuejin Zhu ,&nbsp;Jingyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhe Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The piston pump is widely used in petrochemical, coal chemical, and offshore engineering applications due to its high-pressure delivery capability and adaptability to various media. However, the presence of solid particles in the conveyed fluid often leads to unstable delivery performance, severe erosion, and reduced structural reliability. In this study, the internal erosion characteristics of a piston pump during solid–liquid two-phase transport were investigated using a dynamic-mesh CFD–DPM approach. The model was qualitatively validated by comparing the predicted erosion distribution with experimental observations, confirming its capability for erosion location prediction. The particle motion distribution and wall erosion patterns under different operating conditions were analyzed. Results showed that erosion caused by particle impact mainly occurs on the valve seat's sealing interface, the inflow-facing region of the valve core, the inner wall of the valve cover, and the outer surface of the outlet elbow. The particle diameter exhibits a nonlinear relationship with the extent of erosion: as particle size increases, the corresponding kinetic energy becomes greater, but the impact angle relative to the wall changes accordingly. The curvature of the sealing surface significantly affects erosion intensity, which increases with larger curvature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid CWT–BiLSTM framework for accurate fault diagnosis in triplex pumps under complex operating conditions","authors":"Ameer Ali Shaalan,&nbsp;Wafa Mefteh,&nbsp;Ali Mohsen Frihida","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective and efficient fault diagnosis in triplex pumps is critical to maintaining safety and uptime in important applications such as oil and gas, chemicals, and mining. This paper presents a novel data-driven approach based on the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) networks to improve the identification of faults due to flow signals. The CWT is then used to extract time–frequency features from raw flow time series and to detect the transient and non-stationary patterns that may correspond to specific fault types. The extracted features are then passed to a Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) network to learn the bidirectional temporal dependency. A dataset with 1000 labelled flow samples with different fault conditions, such as bearing wear, leakage, and multi-faults, is used for model training and testing. The model achieved a validation accuracy of up to 94 %, indicating its strong performance in single and combined fault classification. The confusion matrix analysis shows a good classification performance; cosine-confusion was found in conflicting cases that contain multiple faults. This work demonstrates that fusing TF analysis with Deep Learning architecture can provide more accurate predictions of time to failure in industrial pump systems and can enhance predictive maintenance techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel self-priming centrifugal pump and the influence of cooling channels on its hydrodynamic performance","authors":"Xingxin Liang ,&nbsp;Bingqian Wang ,&nbsp;Hanqin Shen ,&nbsp;Yiming Qiao ,&nbsp;Ruyi Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Wang ,&nbsp;Beibei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of traditional marine self-priming centrifugal pumps, such as their large size, heavy weight, high noise levels, and excessive space occupation in ship cabins, a novel design for a self-priming centrifugal pump, namely an Integrated Motor Self-priming Centrifugal Pump (IMSCP) is proposed. This study employs CFD simulations and experimental validation to investigate the effects of cooling channels, specifically the shaft hole diameter and the air gap thickness, on a 37 kW IMSCP's head, efficiency, and axial force. The results show that as the shaft hole diameter increases, the head, efficiency, and axial force all decrease; however, the reduction in axial force is the most prominent. Specifically, as the diameter increases from 2 mm to 8 mm, the axial force drops most notably from 6739 N to 2463 N, representing a decrease of 63.4 %. However, beyond 8 mm, the head and efficiency decline rapidly. As the air gap thickness increases, the axial force also gradually decreases, but the variations in head, efficiency, and shaft power are relatively minor. Comparatively, the influence of the shaft hole diameter on the overall hydrodynamic performance is more significant than that of the air gap. A prototype of the 37 kW IMSCP pump unit was developed, and the accuracy of the simulation results was verified through experiments, with an error margin within 10 %. The findings provide critical insights for the optimal design of IMSCPs, supporting their application and performance enhancement in industrial fluid transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical velocity profiles and mean flow prediction in rectangular open channels under various sediment concentrations","authors":"Li Nie ,&nbsp;Jin Jin ,&nbsp;Yongyong Ma ,&nbsp;Kaiqiang Geng ,&nbsp;Qingquan Fu ,&nbsp;Yu Han","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suspended sediment present in open-channel flows significantly alters the vertical velocity distribution, thereby impairing the accuracy of cross-sectional mean velocity estimation. To examine the effects of sediment concentration on flow structure, a series of controlled flume experiments was conducted in a rectangular glass channel. Representative combinations of flow discharge and sediment concentration were tested, and vertical velocity profiles were acquired at five transverse positions across multiple cross sections using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The results indicate that increasing sediment concentration induces a substantial reduction in free-surface velocity and causes the velocity peak to shift downward to a position located about 0.75 of the local flow depth above the bed. This results in the transformation of the classical logarithmic velocity profile into an asymmetric structure, with reduced surface velocity gradients and enhanced near-bed velocities, which together indicate the emergence of a distinct velocity dip. Building upon the log–dip–wake framework, a predictive model for cross-sectional mean velocity in sediment-laden open-channel flows was developed. Structural parameters were inferred from measured profiles to identify the vertical location of mean velocity, enabling the construction of a functional relationship between mean and free-surface velocities. Sediment concentration–dependent response functions were further incorporated to facilitate parameter adaptation. Model validation demonstrates strong predictive performance across a wide concentration range (R² &gt; 0.933), significantly outperforming conventional linear empirical models (R² ~ 0.85).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribocorrosion damage characteristics of blackwater valves under solid-liquid two-phase flow conditions","authors":"Haozhe Jin ,&nbsp;Zheng Xu ,&nbsp;Chunyu Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Liu ,&nbsp;Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Lite Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengxuan Li ,&nbsp;Genfu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the coal gasification industry, the black water flash system, as a critical link between the gasifier and solid-liquid separation unit, subjects its valves to long-term extreme operating conditions. This study investigates the flow dynamics and damage characteristics of coal gasification blackwater valves at 25 %–85 % opening degrees using combined erosion and electrochemical models. The systematic examination of opening degree and particle size effects reveals that particles in the midstream region exhibit trajectory deflection toward the valve inlet side, forming annular paths around the valve core. This phenomenon is identified as the primary mechanism responsible for the intensified wear observed on the rear surfaces of both the valve core and body. The wear reaches a local peak at 25 % opening, while demonstrating a marked reduction at 40 % opening. At 85 % opening, the valve body and core exhibit the lowest iron ion concentration and the highest surface potential, indicating minimal electrochemical corrosion risk. A correlation between surface potential magnitude and iron ion concentration was also observed. Comprehensive analysis demonstrates that operating at 85 % valve opening reduces both mechanical wear and electrochemical corrosion. This research provides novel insights for predictive failure analysis and structural optimization of black water valves in solid-liquid two-phase flow systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black powder contamination in turbine gas meters: A comprehensive numerical study of particle transport, deposition, and erosion impacts on measurement accuracy","authors":"Mahdi Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Farhad Shahraki ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Sardashti Birjandi ,&nbsp;Hamed Khosravi-Bizhaem","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate gas flow measurement in transmission systems is strongly affected by contamination, with black powder, a corrosive by-product of pipeline degradation, representing a major challenge for turbine meters. In this study, a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) framework combining a moving reference frame (MRF) and a two-way coupled discrete phase model (DPM) is employed to evaluate meter performance under four representative scenarios: (1) single-phase gas flow (reference case), (2) particle-laden flow, (3) deposition, and (4) combined deposition–erosion. Model predictions were benchmarked against full-scale calibration data, yielding a mean absolute error of 1.2 %. Results demonstrate that suspended particles alone exert negligible impact on rotor dynamics, whereas deposition of fine particles systematically alters blade geometry, intensifies turbulence, and induces a persistent positive bias in flow measurement. Incorporating erosion further destabilizes the flow, increases rotor speed, and results in a systematic over-reading of up to +2.5 %. These findings highlight that the dominant mechanism of measurement deviation is cumulative surface modification rather than instantaneous particle loads. The outcomes provide new mechanistic insights into contamination-induced bias in custody-transfer metering and establish a foundation for predictive correction strategies and advanced contamination-control practices in natural gas transmission systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the pulsed spraying characteristics of non-rotating deflector sprinklers","authors":"Peng Li ,&nbsp;Xinkun Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Wu ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Weiwei Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulsed water pressure generated by a jet three-way device was employed to drive a non-rotating deflector sprinkler for pulsed spraying, aiming to alleviate such issues as poor jet breakup, excessive application rates, and water concentration at the end of the throw at low operating pressures. Comparative experiments were conducted between pulsed water pressure and steady water pressure spraying. Flow rate, throw radius, and water distribution were measured at pressures ranging from 50 kPa to 200 kPa, and application rate and irrigation uniformity were calculated. The results showed that for both pulsed and steady water pressure, the water distribution followed a triangular pattern with the highest volume near the end of the throw. However, under pulsed pressure, the base width of the triangle was approximately twice that under steady pressure, while its height was about half, indicating a pronounced peak-shaving and valley-filling effect. Compared with steady spraying, pulsed spraying reduced flow rate by 4.2 %–9.3 %; increased throw by 0.5 %–11.4 % at medium and low pressures (but decreased it by 3.3 % at high pressure); reduced the maximum application rate by 42.3 %–47.6 % and the average application rate by 35.8 %–53.4 %; and improved the Christiansen uniformity coefficient by 0.7 %–23.2 %. These findings demonstrate that the pulsed water pressure generated by the jet three-way device significantly improves water distribution and shows strong potential for further development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical simulator for synthesizing disturbance waves in downward vertical annular flow","authors":"Ana Luiza B. Santana ,&nbsp;Natan Schieck Reginaldo ,&nbsp;Moisés A. Marcelino Neto ,&nbsp;Rigoberto E.M. Morales ,&nbsp;Marco José da Silva ,&nbsp;Eduardo Nunes dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Annular flow is a gas-liquid flow regime commonly encountered in industrial applications, such as those in nuclear power and oil and gas production. While upward configurations have received substantial attention, detailed investigations of downward vertical annular flow remain comparatively limited. This study presents a statistical synthesis simulator capable of generating representative annular flow time series using only supervisory process parameters typically available in industrial environments, including pipe diameter, volumetric flow rates, and fluid properties (density and viscosity). Experiments were performed in two test sections with internal pipe diameters of 26 mm and 50 mm, where film thickness time series were recorded using a non-intrusive, high-speed conductance sensor. The acquired data were analyzed to extract key characteristics of the disturbance waves, including frequency, amplitude, velocity, and wave shape, which were then used to formulate empirical correlations governing the generation of synthetic unit waves. Using the combined 26-mm and 50-mm databases, the fitted correlations achieved R² values of 0.91–0.99 for the main unit-wave geometrical parameters. These correlations were incorporated into the simulator to construct the synthetic film-thickness time series, from which the mean liquid fraction is computed and compared to experimental data. The results fall predominantly within the ±30 % band, with overall errors of approximately MAPE ≈21 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}