Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献_第3页

Enhancement in heat transfer characteristics, thermal performance and optimized jet height of an ultrasonic pulsating jet of a piezoelectric micro-blower 压电微型鼓风机超声脉动射流传热特性、热性能及射流高度优化研究

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103030

Bhola Keshao Rode, Sanjeevi Bharath, V.P. Chandramohan

{"title":"Enhancement in heat transfer characteristics, thermal performance and optimized jet height of an ultrasonic pulsating jet of a piezoelectric micro-blower","authors":"Bhola Keshao Rode, Sanjeevi Bharath, V.P. Chandramohan","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A micro-blower is a compact device used for cooling compact electronic components through forced convection. The primary objective of this study is to numerically investigate the thermal performance of an ultrasonic pulsating jet produced by a micro-blower impinging on a heated surface and to determine the optimum nozzle-to-surface distance (<em>H</em>) for maximum heat transfer. A commercial 20 × 20 mm<sup>2</sup> micro blower with a nozzle diameter of 0.8 mm and height of 3.65 mm is used for this analysis. The <em>H</em> was varied from 1 to 8 mm and the optimum <em>H</em> for the maximum performance of the system was proposed. The heat transfer coefficient (<em>h</em>), Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>), temperature of the hot surface (<em>T</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>) and enhancement factor (EF) were estimated. The <em>h</em> profile stabilized within 10 s proving that the micro blower reached its stability within 10 s. The <em>h</em> value was high that is more than 162 W/(m<sup>2</sup>.K) at <em>H</em> = 2, 3 and 4 mm and proved that these heights can be chosen for better performance of micro blower. The maximum EF of 35.12 was achieved at <em>H</em> = 2 mm with an average <em>h</em> of 162.904 W/(m<sup>2</sup>.K) and <em>Nu</em> of 4.446 hence this <em>H</em> can be proposed for better thermal performance. The results were compared to the existing literature and were in good accord. Such analysis was not found for micro-blower jet impingement hence the present study is an innovative approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prototype spillway observations: self-aeration on a smooth chute 原型溢洪道观察：在光滑的溜槽上自曝气

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103019

H. Chanson

{"title":"Prototype spillway observations: self-aeration on a smooth chute","authors":"H. Chanson","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dams and reservoirs constitute an essential means of water security and flood protection. The hydraulic structure must be equipped with a spillway system to pass safely excess flood waters during natural disasters. To date the literature remains very limited on prototype observations of spillway chute flows. The current contribution presents field observations conducted between 1997 and 2025 at a large dam equipped with a smooth-invert spillway. For all investigated flood events, the overflow consisted of an upstream non-aerated flow region followed by a self-aerated flow region with significant air-water mixing. The location of the onset of free-surface aeration presented some three-dimensional features. Downstream, the air-water flow region exhibited some rapid time variations in air-water surface structures. Long-exposure photography and stacked imaging highlighted the extremely complicated nature of the air-water surface region in the high-Reynolds number flows. The air-water surface was a highly turbulent region corresponding to the outer edge of the boundary layer region, while further self-aeration took place in the hydraulic jump at the downstream end.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Film characteristics and circle distortion analysis of Total Internal Reflection Method (TIRM) annular flow experiments aided by an optical ray tracing simulation 全内反射法（TIRM）环流实验的薄膜特性及圆畸变分析

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103028

M. Grasso , V. Bürgi , V. Petrov , A. Manera

{"title":"Film characteristics and circle distortion analysis of Total Internal Reflection Method (TIRM) annular flow experiments aided by an optical ray tracing simulation","authors":"M. Grasso , V. Bürgi , V. Petrov , A. Manera","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experimental characterization of liquid films in annular flows is relevant to several applications, from steam boilers to light water nuclear reactors, where experiments are fundamental for validating numerical simulations in the safety analysis. The total internal reflection method (TIRM) is a non-intrusive optical method able to measure film thickness of a wide range of fluids flowing over a transparent wall. TIRM is performed by recording with a camera the reflected circular pattern of a laser beam pointed to the flow. The transparent wall is often curved, which leads to a potential loss of information, since part of the reflected pattern is discarded because of optical distortions from the curved wall surface. This is also the case for our TIRM experiments, performed on adiabatic vertical upward annular flows in a circular section pipe. However, an innovative approach is developed to analyse the shape of the distortion. Such analysis is combined with a ray-tracing simulation replicating the performed TIRM experiments. It is then proven for the first time that distortion from curved walls does not hold additional information about film properties compared to standard TIRM implementation, while evidence is produced that such distortion is proportional to film thickness and not to measurement error.</div><div>Moreover, TIRM measurements of base and mean film thickness and disturbance waves amplitude are validated against correlations available in the literature, proving a similar level of accuracy. This potentially broadens the range of applicability of TIRM to the measurement of wave properties that are intrinsically challenging for this technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation study on flow field and sound field characteristics of pipeline leakage 管道泄漏流场和声场特性的数值模拟研究

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103012

Wang Dongmei , Liu Xingyu , Zhang Dan , Lu Jingyi , Meng Lan , Zhang Xiaotong

{"title":"Numerical simulation study on flow field and sound field characteristics of pipeline leakage","authors":"Wang Dongmei , Liu Xingyu , Zhang Dan , Lu Jingyi , Meng Lan , Zhang Xiaotong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pipeline leakage, a prevalent failure mode in pipeline systems, poses substantial detection challenges due to the limited sensitivity of conventional pressure monitoring techniques in identifying minor leaks (especially leak apertures <1 % pipe diameter), particularly under extreme operating conditions (elevated pressure, low temperature, multiphase flow). The detection signals from such micro-leakages exhibit weak energy and strong interference susceptibility, making accurate recognition difficult. The dependency on experimental approaches or empirical formulations frequently proves inadequate in meeting requirements for early warning of micro-leakages, precise localization, or quantitative risk evaluation. This research employs fluid dynamics and aeroacoustic theories to investigate acoustic signature extraction methods for minor gas pipeline leaks, examining pressure differentials, aperture-scale turbulence effects, and flow-acoustic interactions. A comprehensive multi-physics simulation model was developed to characterize micro-leakage-induced acoustic fields, thereby validating high-sensitivity acoustic-based detection methodologies for subtle leak signals. Experimental findings revealed the predominance of quadrupole sources in micro-leak scenarios, demonstrating significant correlations between instantaneous pressure fluctuations, sound pressure levels (SPL), flow velocities, leakage aperture dimensions, and operational pressures. The established sound pressure attenuation pattern along the leakage axis offers critical parameters for identifying faint micro-leak signatures, providing a scientific basis for high-precision monitoring of minor pipeline leaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on digital design of hydraulic manifold block based on layer assignment connectivity algorithm 基于分层连通算法的液压集成块数字化设计研究

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103017

Shaopeng Kang, Jing Yang, Bowen Zhang, Yuxin Li, Hongbin Qiang, Kailei Liu, Yunkai Zhou, Runze Zhou

{"title":"Research on digital design of hydraulic manifold block based on layer assignment connectivity algorithm","authors":"Shaopeng Kang, Jing Yang, Bowen Zhang, Yuxin Li, Hongbin Qiang, Kailei Liu, Yunkai Zhou, Runze Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current hydraulic systems often utilize integrated valve blocks to replace traditional external piping connections. This compact internal network design significantly reduces the number of pipes and fittings, although the design process for the internal network is highly inefficient. This paper studied the structure and design process of hydraulic integrated valve blocks. An optimization model was developed to minimize channel path lengths and pressure losses. Considering the structural characteristics of hydraulic integrated valve blocks, a multi-endpoint channel layout optimization algorithm based on the rectilinear Steiner minimum tree structure was proposed. This method converts the three-dimensional channel path optimization problem into a planar endpoint set path connectivity optimization problem. The flow field of common right-angle channel in networks was simulated and analyzed to determine the most reasonable design method for right-angle channel crossings. The secondary development technology of modeling software was utilized to realize the automatic connection design of the channel network inside the hydraulic valve block. The results show that the layer allocation connectivity algorithm can quickly and effectively perform multi-endpoint channel layout optimization for valve blocks, demonstrating the feasibility of this algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experiments and modelling of phase fraction in gas-liquid two-phase flow using a microwave resonant cavity sensor 气液两相流中相分数的微波谐振腔传感器实验与建模

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103022

Yiguang Yang , Minghui Liu , Yirong Chen , Chao yuan , Cenwei Sun , Huimin Ma , Ying Xu , Buddhika Hewakandamby , Georgios Dimitrakis

{"title":"Experiments and modelling of phase fraction in gas-liquid two-phase flow using a microwave resonant cavity sensor","authors":"Yiguang Yang , Minghui Liu , Yirong Chen , Chao yuan , Cenwei Sun , Huimin Ma , Ying Xu , Buddhika Hewakandamby , Georgios Dimitrakis","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas-liquid two-phase flow is prevalent in the natural gas industry, and accurate phase fraction measurement is crucial for enhancing productivity and energy efficiency in industrial processes. However, achieving high-precision, in-situ measurement remains challenging. To address this issue, this study proposes novel prediction models based on the microwave cylindrical resonant cavity (MCRC) sensor. Firstly, the MCRC sensor was implemented, and the experiments were conducted by incorporating a quick-closing valve calibration system into an existing gas-water reference system, capturing a multi-parameter dataset. The analysis indicated that a complex nonlinear relationship existed among phase fraction, relative frequency shift, pressure, and superficial gas velocity. Then, phase fraction prediction models, including void fraction and gas volume fraction (GVF) model, were developed using the empirical and machine learning modelling methods. The results revealed that empirical models without intermediate dielectric constant complex calculation achieved relative errors within ±5 %. Among the 5 machine learning models compared, the XGBoost model performed the best, with over 95 % of data points within ±2 %. Additionally, extended experiments were used to estimate the generalization ability of the GVF prediction models, demonstrating excellent performance. Finally, the comparative error analysis confirmed the superior accuracy of the proposed models. The findings suggest that the proposed models offer notable improvements in prediction accuracy and practical applicability, making them promising methods for phase fraction prediction in gas-liquid flow using the MCRC sensor in the natural gas industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new method for the construction of cross-sectional velocity field of array electromagnetic flow sensor based on Tikhonov regularization- CNN 基于Tikhonov正则化的阵列电磁流量传感器截面速度场构建新方法——CNN

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103015

Xu Liu , Yuntong Jia , Zeqiang Shi , Lide Fang , Bangbang Han , Genqiang Jing

{"title":"A new method for the construction of cross-sectional velocity field of array electromagnetic flow sensor based on Tikhonov regularization- CNN","authors":"Xu Liu , Yuntong Jia , Zeqiang Shi , Lide Fang , Bangbang Han , Genqiang Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic flow sensor is a reliable flow measuring instrument that can usually be used as a standard meter, The number of electrode pairs determines the resolution of multi electrode electromagnetic flow sensors in measuring cross-sectional velocity fields, and the multi electrode electromagnetic flow sensors resolution of measuring the velocity field of cross-section is relatively low. This paper proposes a region weight function theory to address the issue of low resolution in the velocity field of multi electromagnetic flow sensor measurement cross-sections. By combining the Tikhonov regularization algorithm with the Convolutional neural network (TR-CNN), a nonlinear model based on TR-CNN is constructed. This model forms a mapping relationship between the potential difference on the electrode and the cross-sectional velocity field inside the pipeline. This work utilizes the TR-CNN algorithm to improve the resolution of pipeline cross-sectional velocity field measurement. The potential difference is used to predict the velocity at different positions inside the pipeline and compared with the experimental data of a pitot tube. The results show that the array electromagnetic flow sensor can effectively predict the eccentricity trend of the fluid in the pipeline using the TR-CNN model, with a predicted cross-sectional mean squared error(MSE) of 0.015, mean absolute error(MAE) of 0.95, and root mean squared error(RMSE) of 0.123. This also demonstrates the feasibility of the TR-CNN algorithm in predicting the velocity field of the pipeline cross-section.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of test methods accuracy on conformity assessment of domestic water flow meters 试验方法准确性对生活水表合格评定的影响

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103020

Fatma A.-M. Kassem

{"title":"Influence of test methods accuracy on conformity assessment of domestic water flow meters","authors":"Fatma A.-M. Kassem","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In gravimetric calibration tests for water meters, the mass of water passing through a meter under test (MUT) is generally measured by weighing it on a scale and collecting it in a tank. This mass is then transformed into a volume, which requires determining the water density. The novelty of this study lies in the improvement of the accuracy and uncertainty of measurements during the test conformity assessment of domestic water flow meters. The manual and semi-automatic systems were updated to an automatic system to automatically record the meter reading by converting the number of revolutions of the meter core into frequency and then converting the frequency into liters.</div><div>In this study, we tested 16 domestic water meters set up in series within a test rig to evaluate the errors and conduct a conformity assessment. The error rates of the MUT were identified using three different methodologies: manual, semi-automatic, and automatic. We also examined how these methods influenced measurement uncertainties. The findings indicated that the automatic method, which employed a laser, was the most accurate and consistent, significantly improving the efficiency by allowing a larger number of meters to be tested daily. The measurement uncertainty was reduced to 0.25 % with this method compared to 1 % using the manual approach, as it effectively eliminated visual errors often introduced by human oversight. In addition, the automatic method resulted in a smaller standard deviation within a normal distribution than the manual method. This means that the data groups were more closely grouped around the mean, leading to a slightly clearer bell-shaped curve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing offshore pipeline safety: Exploring non-invasive Electrical Resistance Tomography for upstream leak response detection Strategy 推进海上管道安全：探索非侵入性电阻层析成像上游泄漏响应检测策略

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103013

Muhammad Saad Khan , Hicham Ferroudji , Abinash Barooah , Mohammad Azizur Rahman , Ibrahim Hassan , Rashid Hassan , Ahmad K. Sleiti , Sina Rezaei Gomari , Matthew Hamilton

{"title":"Advancing offshore pipeline safety: Exploring non-invasive Electrical Resistance Tomography for upstream leak response detection Strategy","authors":"Muhammad Saad Khan , Hicham Ferroudji , Abinash Barooah , Mohammad Azizur Rahman , Ibrahim Hassan , Rashid Hassan , Ahmad K. Sleiti , Sina Rezaei Gomari , Matthew Hamilton","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the use of Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) for early leak detection in multiphase flow pipelines considering the upstream leaks part (ERT situated before leaks), which tests traditional approaches in dynamic and heterogeneous environments. Experiments with Newtonian (water) and non-Newtonian (0.1 wt% Flozwan) fluids are conducted to explore initially flow regime identification followed by leak-induced fluctuations of air volume fractions under various flow conditions. Three simultaneous chronic leaks—measuring 3, 2.5, and 1.8 mm—in the middle region of a horizontal pipeline. The results showed that ERT could successfully follow dynamic changes of flow behavior in upstream leaks even when it was before the leak and distant from the leak source. The tests revealed that Newtonian fluids allow for greater air dispersion and leak sensitivity in terms of uniform viscosity and turbulence, whereas non-Newtonian fluids allow for less air dispersion and muted system responses due to shear-thinning behavior. These findings emphasize the necessity of fluid rheology for ERT sensitivity while also presenting the technology as a non-invasive, real-time diagnostic methodology for assuring pipeline safety and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical study of a novel needle valve as the double inlet for 4 K pulse tube refrigerators 一种新型针阀作为4k脉冲管制冷机双入口的数值研究

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103021

Yu Zhang , Xuming Liu , Changzhao Pan

{"title":"Numerical study of a novel needle valve as the double inlet for 4 K pulse tube refrigerators","authors":"Yu Zhang , Xuming Liu , Changzhao Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When the temperature falls below 4.2 K, entering the helium temperature regime, macroscopic quantum effects such as superconductivity, superfluidity, and the Josephson effect become observable. The two-stage low-frequency Gifford McMahon (GM) type pulse tube cryocooler is a key technical solution for achieving this temperature range. However, it faces critical challenges in phase shifting, specifically in the precise tuning of the phase relationship between pressure oscillations and controlling the direct current (DC) flow. Conventional needle valves—which rely on a single conical needle tip for flow regulation—are typically used as first-stage flow controllers. However, their limited modulation capability leads to suboptimal cooling performance. To address this, we propose an innovative long-stem needle valve design featuring dual adjustable segments: a truncated cone and a cylindrical section. This design significantly improves flow control precision. We evaluated the design's effectiveness through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, analyzing internal flow behavior under varying cone heights and taper angles. For each configuration, we calculated forward and reverse flow coefficients alongside the proportion of DC flow. The results demonstrate a clear correlation between the front taper's geometric parameters and DC flow magnitude. Notably, a front taper height of 0.5 mm combined with a 15° taper angle proved highly effective in suppressing DC flow. By combining velocity contour plots and streamline diagrams, we qualitatively analyzed flow patterns, enabling systematic elucidation of DC flow generation mechanisms. This paper also reviews existing research on DC flow in cryogenic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0