Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Flow pattern recognition for horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow with a hybrid deep-learning model","authors":"Yanyan Shi ,&nbsp;Yixin Sun ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Song Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In gas-liquid two-phase flow, it is crucial to accurately recognize the flow pattern which serves as the foundation for the study of flow characteristics. Considering the complexity associated with two-phase flow, it is still a great challenge to correctly identify flow patterns. This research proposes an innovative deep learning-based method to categorize flow patterns encountered in gas-liquid flow. A conductance sensor is adopted to acquire the flow information in a horizontal pipeline. The impact of noise on the measured voltage signal is reduced by wavelet threshold processing and sparse coding. For data augmentation, overlapping sampling is conducted. With extracted time-domain features as the input, a hybrid deep-learning model which integrates convolutional neural network and bidirectional long short-term memory is established and trained to identify different flow patterns. Performance comparison between the hybrid model and various deep learning techniques is made. The findings demonstrate that the proposed method's flow pattern identification accuracy reaches 99.85 % indicating that dynamic behavior of the gas-liquid two-phase flow can be well revealed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the stage-discharge relationship of streamlined-type weirs","authors":"Alessio Nicosia ,&nbsp;Costanza Di Stefano ,&nbsp;Maria Angela Serio ,&nbsp;Vito Ferro","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flow stage-discharge relationship (SDR) of weirs is a well-studied hydraulic topic that is generally concerned with energy considerations and using a discharge coefficient. In this context, dimensional analysis and self-similarity theory are alternative theoretical methods to obtain accurate stage-discharge curves. In this paper, the SDR of streamlined-type weirs (streamlined SLW, hydrofoil HW, and modified semi-cylindrical MSCW) is theoretically deduced using dimensional analysis and the self-similarity condition. These new SDRs are estimated using experimental results from the literature. For the SLW, the analysis demonstrated that the new SDR gives discharge estimates similar to those obtained by the theoretical equation proposed by Carollo and Ferro (2021). For the HW, the SDR, calibrated by the measurements of Soydan Oksal et al. (2021), results in errors always less than the accuracy limit of ±5 %. Furthermore, for the same geometric parameters and upstream water level, the analysis pointed out that a HW flows a discharge higher than that corresponding to a SLW. For the MSCW, the SDR, calibrated by the measurements of Afaridegan et al. (2023), results in errors lower than or equal to ±3 % in 95.6 % of cases. Thereby, for SLW, HW, and MSCW, the developed analysis showed that the proposed SDR results in errors in discharge estimates always less than those obtained for the literature solutions. Finally, a single SDR, useful for all streamlined-type weirs, was also determined, and it results in errors lower than or equal to ±5 % for 96.1 % of cases and lower than or equal to ±3 % for 76.6 % of cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of valve disc truss on hydrodynamic torque of huge butterfly valve","authors":"Fang-na Xiang ,&nbsp;Jia-xi Nie ,&nbsp;An-qi Guan ,&nbsp;Xuan-Jie Gu ,&nbsp;Yun-fei Long ,&nbsp;Wen-bin Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Jiang Jin ,&nbsp;Jin-yuan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The butterfly valve plays an important role in water transportation and flow regulation in pipeline systems. As huge butterfly valves are developed, the valve disc is more prone to deformation under hydrodynamic torque, which puts forward higher requirements for actuators and valve disc design. The valve disc with truss offers practical advantages like high compressive strength, low flow resistance, large flow area and energy efficiency. This paper investigates the effects of valve disc truss on flow characteristics and hydrodynamic torque of huge butterfly valve using a sliding grid model. Experimental verification of flow rate and hydrodynamic torque confirms the accuracy and feasibility of numerical simulations. The results show that uneven pressure distribution and pressure difference at different rotating angles are causes of hydrodynamic torque. Truss arrangement and rotating direction affect the angle corresponding to maximum hydrodynamic torque. Four inclined trusses with an angle below 55° is the optimal disc structure and a lower flow velocity with faster closing speed is beneficial for reducing energy loss while ensuring overall safety performance. This work provides significant reference value for the structural optimization of huge butterfly valve and actuator design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigations of cylindrical weir-gates with a flow extender","authors":"Amirreza Shamsi,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Azimi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive analysis on the hydraulics of flow over cylindrical weir-gates with and without a flow extender, utilizing a validated numerical model. The model, validated against recent experimental data, examines the effects of various parameters including the angle of flow extender, gate opening, and submergence levels on flow characteristics, energy losses, and discharge reduction factors. The findings indicate that Results show that weir-gates equipped with a flow extender experience a notable reduction in energy losses—up to 35 % for flow extenders with angles between 0° and 10°, compared to only 19 % for weir-gates without a flow extender. While the modest impact of the flow extender on discharge capacity, it effectively minimizes downstream vortices and energy dissipation. Additionally, three distinct submerged flow regimes (Surface Jump, Surface Wave, Deeply Submerged Flow) were identified, illustrating the behavior of flow with varying submergence levels. The modular limit, marking the onset of submerged flow, decreases significantly with larger gate openings, showing a maximum reduction of 64 %. The discharge reduction factor also varies with gate opening, remaining stable under moderate conditions and then sharply declining with increased submergence. These insights are essential for optimizing the design and performance of cylindrical weir-gates across different hydraulic conditions, thereby enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness in practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Void fraction measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow based on a multi-frequency CCEIT system","authors":"Mengqi Han,&nbsp;Yandan Jiang,&nbsp;Haifeng Ji,&nbsp;Baoliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a novel void fraction measurement method of the gas-liquid two-phase flow based on a multi-frequency capacitively coupled electrical impedance tomography (MFCCEIT) system. The proposed method fully leverages the multi-frequency data of the fluid impedance by integrating the statistical and frequency features of the impedance spectroscopy. An innovative feature extraction approach is presented. It combines statistical feature analysis and impedance spectroscopy analysis to develop a hybrid feature vector consisting of both the statistical features and frequency features of the multi-frequency impedance data that are closely correlated with the void fraction. Firstly, data preprocessing steps including electrode pair grouping and frequency range segmentation are employed. Subsequently, the statistical and frequency characteristics of the multi-frequency impedance data are investigated. Correspondingly, a hybrid feature vector consisting of the average standard deviations of the impedance across multiple frequencies and the impedance spectroscopy fitting parameters is established for each flow pattern. Comparison study is conducted to seek the best fit data mining algorithm for the hybrid features, and the original void fraction measurement method combining the proposed feature extraction approach and the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) algorithm is obtained to develop accurate void fraction measurement models. Experimental results show the effectiveness and potential of the proposed method. Under bubble flow, annular flow and stratified flow, the maximum absolute errors of the void fraction measurement method are 1.79 %, 1.91 % and 1.61 %, respectively, and the root mean squared errors (RMSEs) are 0.0046, 0.0064 and 0.0053, respectively. The research results also show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional single-frequency methods, highlighting the contributions of the multi-frequency measurement acquisition and the feature extraction approach in fully mining and utilizing the fluid impedance information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas pipeline leakage detection and localization method based on VMD-DTW","authors":"Yang Wang,&nbsp;Wenzhuo Liu,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Long Feng,&nbsp;Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The identification of signal anomalies at the moment of leakage is crucial for acoustic-based gas pipeline leakage detection and localization. To address this, a leakage detection and localization model based on variational mode decomposition and dynamic time warping (VMD-DTW) is proposed. First, the leakage signal is decomposed using the VMD method, and an adaptive mode selection and reconstruction is performed based on the low-frequency characteristics of the leakage signal for denoising. Next, a sliding window combined with DTW is used to design an algorithm that automatically identifies continuous time windows containing transient acoustic leakage signals. The algorithm improves leakage localization accuracy by estimating the time delay within multiple windows and automatically removing anomalous values. The principles and steps of the algorithm are presented, and its effectiveness is verified through experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method offers better denoising performance and higher localization accuracy, with a localization error of only 0.247%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New flow field construction method based on vessel-mounted ADCP data","authors":"Hao Deng ,&nbsp;Yan Zong ,&nbsp;Zhigao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acquiring flow structure characteristics in specific areas and constructing large-scale flow fields are necessary tasks for analyzing the evolution of river channels and developing water conservancy projects. The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is commonly used to observe large-scale flow fields in rivers. However, the conventional method of constructing flow fields has several challenges, including inaccurate estimation of flow velocity, distorted identification of flow structure in specific areas, and inability to explain the sediment transport mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new method for large-scale flow field construction. This paper utilizes vessel-mounted ADCP data with dense interval single transects, along with single-beam data, to perform optimal flow velocity estimation based on the actual spatial positions of radial velocities. Experiments demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper is superior to the conventional method in estimating magnitude and direction of flow velocity at different water depths. Furthermore, the flow field analysis using the proposed method successfully identifies flow features such as plunging flow and secondary flow. The maximum difference in grid velocity exceeds 0.2 m/s, while the root-mean-square error is reduced by 50 % compared to the conventional method. Results reveal a significant correlation between eddies and scour holes, providing a novel perspective on understanding the sediment transport mechanism of scour holes and exploring the relationship between vertical structures and localized scour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavitation and erosion wear analysis of stepped flow channel in cage-typed sleeve control valve","authors":"Chuang Liu ,&nbsp;An-qi Guan ,&nbsp;Wen-qing Li ,&nbsp;Chang Qiu ,&nbsp;Yun-fei Long ,&nbsp;Rui-bin Gan ,&nbsp;Zhi-jiang Jin ,&nbsp;Jin-yuan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cage-typed sleeve control valve (CSCV) is a critical component in direct coal liquefaction system. Gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow often occurs in the valve cage, which can cause cavitation and erosion wear. Consequently, the study of erosion wear and multiphase flow in the valve cage is necessary. A numerical model for multiphase flow is developed considering the momentum transfer between gas, liquid, and solid. To analyze the cavitation and erosion wear in the valve cage, the simplified stepped flow channel is designed. The Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model and Mansouri erosion wear model are used to analyze the erosion and cavitation inside the CSCV by numerical methods. Effects of particle concentration (ranging from 0.1 % to 0.5 %), particle velocity (ranging from 100 m/s to 150 m/s), and vapor phase on the erosion wear in the stepped flow channel are studied. The most severe erosion wear area in the stepped flow channel is the inner edge of the chamfer. The maximum erosion wear rate (<em>R</em>_max) on the chamfer increases with particle concentration and velocity. The vapor phase induced by cavitation primarily concentrates near the wall, which leads to the phenomenon that the particles move along the edge of the vapor phase and reduce the distribution of particles near the wall, thus mitigating the erosion wear on the wall of the inner orifice. This work can provide a reference for failure mechanism and prevention of CSCV and other similar valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic data processing for phantom flow measurement using spectral domain optical coherence tomography","authors":"Jianshuai Wang ,&nbsp;Song Zhou ,&nbsp;Junbo Xiao ,&nbsp;Yimin Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present automatic flow volume measurement using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Flow phantom consists of a glass duct with the test suspension flowing through it. Sampled OCT images are binary processed to determine the angle between the probing beam and the duct to get real flow velocity. Data processing for volumetric flow measurement is fully automatic. It takes about 4 s to get flow volume result through processing one dataset containing five image pairs. Measured flow results coincide with the settled values. Effects of the distance between two scanning planes on the measured flow are also discussed to ensure measurement accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for handheld differential pressure anemometer","authors":"Mingming Wei ,&nbsp;Yan Qi ,&nbsp;Xiushu Pu ,&nbsp;Shun Yao ,&nbsp;Ling Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the uncertainty of calibration results of the handheld differential pressure anemometer (HDPA) to guarantee its measurement accuracy and reliability. In this study, an HDPA was calibrated to acquire experimental data, and GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) and MCM (Monte Carlo Method, including single-run MCM and adaptive MCM(AMCM)) were employed to evaluate its uncertainty. The high accuracy of MCM was utilized as a benchmark to verify the applicability of the GUM method in this domain. Comparative analysis results indicated that the GUM method failed to meet the requirements in certain situations, particularly when pursuing high accuracy in the scene. The MCM method demonstrated more prominent advantages. Additionally, the evaluation results of single-run MCM and AMCM were highly consistent, but AMCM was significantly superior to the former in terms of evaluation efficiency. This study not only confirmed the applicability of GUM and MCM in the evaluation of calibration uncertainty of HDPA but, more importantly, revealed the limitations of the GUM method for the first time and highlighted the unique advantages of AMCM in improving evaluation efficiency and accuracy. Therefore, new insights and practical suggestions are provided for the field of high-precision measurement of HDPA; namely, the more efficient AMCM method should be given priority in uncertainty evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}