Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Automatic data processing for phantom flow measurement using spectral domain optical coherence tomography","authors":"Jianshuai Wang ,&nbsp;Song Zhou ,&nbsp;Junbo Xiao ,&nbsp;Yimin Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present automatic flow volume measurement using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Flow phantom consists of a glass duct with the test suspension flowing through it. Sampled OCT images are binary processed to determine the angle between the probing beam and the duct to get real flow velocity. Data processing for volumetric flow measurement is fully automatic. It takes about 4 s to get flow volume result through processing one dataset containing five image pairs. Measured flow results coincide with the settled values. Effects of the distance between two scanning planes on the measured flow are also discussed to ensure measurement accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for handheld differential pressure anemometer","authors":"Mingming Wei ,&nbsp;Yan Qi ,&nbsp;Xiushu Pu ,&nbsp;Shun Yao ,&nbsp;Ling Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the uncertainty of calibration results of the handheld differential pressure anemometer (HDPA) to guarantee its measurement accuracy and reliability. In this study, an HDPA was calibrated to acquire experimental data, and GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) and MCM (Monte Carlo Method, including single-run MCM and adaptive MCM(AMCM)) were employed to evaluate its uncertainty. The high accuracy of MCM was utilized as a benchmark to verify the applicability of the GUM method in this domain. Comparative analysis results indicated that the GUM method failed to meet the requirements in certain situations, particularly when pursuing high accuracy in the scene. The MCM method demonstrated more prominent advantages. Additionally, the evaluation results of single-run MCM and AMCM were highly consistent, but AMCM was significantly superior to the former in terms of evaluation efficiency. This study not only confirmed the applicability of GUM and MCM in the evaluation of calibration uncertainty of HDPA but, more importantly, revealed the limitations of the GUM method for the first time and highlighted the unique advantages of AMCM in improving evaluation efficiency and accuracy. Therefore, new insights and practical suggestions are provided for the field of high-precision measurement of HDPA; namely, the more efficient AMCM method should be given priority in uncertainty evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature drift characteristics and compensation study of double-winding thermal mass flow meter","authors":"Qinhui Wang,&nbsp;Detian Li,&nbsp;Xiangyu Hu,&nbsp;Wuyu Cui,&nbsp;Lekai Yang,&nbsp;Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal mass flow meters are broadly used in different parts of industry for flow metering objectives. One of the most widely used thermal flow meters is capillary tube type. Aiming at the traditional thermal flow sensor, which has the problems of low flow measurement accuracy and temperature drift, based on the principle of fluid flow and heat transfer, a double-winding distributed thermal flow sensor with constant temperature operation is developed. The thermal flow measurement principle is studied and the sensor temperature field is simulated by COMSOL software. The effect of ambient temperature on the measurement results under different structural parameters and operating parameters is investigated by simulation. The optimal sensor operating parameters are determined, and the sensor temperature adaptability is improved. In addition, under the condition of structural error, the influence of structural error on the measurement is analyzed. Simulation calculations are carried out at different ambient temperatures to obtain the corrected relationship between the measured value and the ambient temperature. Finally, according to the simulation results, the sensor is designed and processed, and tested by the standard flow output device. The temperature correction algorithm is obtained according to the experimental results. And the effectiveness of this temperature correction algorithm is verified under different ambient temperatures and different flow inputs. The experiments show that through this correction algorithm, the test error of the sensor has been significantly reduced in the range of the sensor, and the temperature adaptability of the sensor has been improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent analysis of flow pattern developments in two-phase flow using capacitance sensors: Fast fourier transform and total power spectrum exploration","authors":"Fayez M. Al-Alweet ,&nbsp;Zeyad Almutairi ,&nbsp;Othman Y. Alothman ,&nbsp;Zhengbiao Peng ,&nbsp;Basheer A. Alshammari ,&nbsp;Ahmad Almakhlafi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the intricate field of multiphase flow systems, accurately characterizing flow patterns and their development within pipelines is crucial for optimizing fluid dynamics and enhancing overall system performance. This study undertakes a comprehensive investigation employing five strategically positioned capacitance sensors along a designated test section, complemented by high-speed imaging techniques to capture real-time changes in evolving flow patterns. The analysis employs the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to explore the correlations between the visual evolution of flow patterns, as observed through imaging, and the variations in sensor signals. This approach encompasses the calculation of the total power within the signal spectrum alongside the comprehensive analysis of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) graph, yielding invaluable insights into the influence of flow dynamics on sensor responses. Key findings reveal significant relationships between the outputs of all sensors and the variations resulting from the evolution of two-phase flow patterns within the test section. Moreover, as these patterns progress or transition to different configurations, distinct changes are evident in the signals from each sensor. Notably, these alterations encompass variations in properties, shapes, and densities of spikes, alongside significant changes in the magnitudes of spike amplitudes and frequency range components in the graphical representation of PSD, along with a change in total power level. This rigorous analysis of visual and sensor data significantly enhances our understanding of the complex interplay between flow dynamics and sensor performance, establishing a strong foundation for advancing monitoring and automation strategies within pipeline systems. Ultimately, this work aims to foster improved efficiency, reliability, and safety in practical applications involving two-phase flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based modeling of discharge coefficients in labyrinth sluice gates","authors":"Thaer Hashem ,&nbsp;Ahmed Y. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Ali Sharifi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A labyrinth sluice gate is a novel design capable of transferring high flow compared to a conventional one owing to its leaf nonlinearity in plane form. From a novel point of view, this content investigates the impact of leaf configuration on the discharge coefficient of a modern design of labyrinth sluice gates, a parameter that is challenging to estimate precisely due to their complex structure by adopting seven diverse artificial intelligent models comprising gradient Boosting model GBM, KNeighbors Regression(KNN), Huber Regression (HR), Support Vector Regression (SVR) Linear and Radial Basis Functions (RBF), Random Forest (RF), and Linear Regression (LR).Experiments conducted by the literature were employed to extract different dimensionless parameters, including water depth contraction ratio H/G, orientation ratio <em>l</em>/L, cycles ratio 1/N, and Froude Number F_r as independent variables. The results indicated that the gradient Boosting model GB performed the best, with the highest coefficient of determination (R² of 99.74 %) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE of 0. 3872 %). Consequently, the main contribution of this study is to introduce a robust machine learning tool that can be depended on to estimate the discharge coefficient of labyrinth sluice gates confidently. Furthermore, it not only deduces machine learning as a solution to a persistent hydraulic challenge but also provides a valuable template for integrating data-driven approaches into future gate design and optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the efficiency of gate operation plans via the installation of a motivator structure","authors":"Parisa Tohidloo ,&nbsp;Saeed Abbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accumulation of sediments in reservoirs has always been considered one of the main challenges to their sustainable use and long-term exploitation. Gate operation is utilized for sediment management, and one of the most common engineering techniques to ensure the proper functioning of the gates is pressure sediment flushing. The research aimed to improve sediment removal around gate structures by introducing a special structure. The positive results indicate the potential application of this method in various water projects like dams and canals. In this article, a new method is presented to increase the efficiency of sediment flushing around the gates. In this method, a structure consisting of two rows of parallel columns is installed at the upstream part of the bottom outlet to the tank floor. Three to six pairs of columns, with permeability of 60 %, 50 %, 42.9 %, and 37.5 % were installed in two parallel rows at relative distances of 2 and 4 from each other, and non-cohesive sand materials with an average size of 0.61 mm were deposited in the tank as sediment. The results show that the sediment flushing efficiency with the structure in the best case (permeability of 37.5 % and the relative distance between two rows equal to 2) is equal to 301.5 % compared to the case without the structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and improvements on key characteristics of pilot-assisted counterbalance valve used in hydraulic luffing system","authors":"Chengzhen Wang ,&nbsp;Yongzhe Hou ,&nbsp;Haibo Xie ,&nbsp;Shutong Yang ,&nbsp;Zhang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reports the work principle of pilot-assisted counterbalance valve based on hydraulic-mechanical feedback principle, the mathematical modeling was built up. According to the load characteristics and application requirements of mobile crane luffing system, flow control characteristics, over-compensation feature, and influence of back-pressure on main flow were analyzed with AMESIM simulation. Aiming at the shortcomings of counterbalance valve, a segmented structure of pilot spool with pre-compensation port was proposed to improve fine-tuning performance. In order to improve the over-compensation characteristics, the key parameters were analyzed and optimized, and the method of using the gap throttling at the fast closing orifice to compensate feedback flow was proposed, to improve the anti-stall characteristics when the back-pressure rises, a back-pressure compensation structure was designed. The optimized valve was tested on a test bench and mobile crane, experiment results show that the optimized valve has good fine-tuning and proportional control characteristics, the over-compensation feature was greatly improved, compensation rate is greater than 70 %, the back-pressure compensation function was effective, the main flow will be lower under a higher back-pressure and the pilot control region is almost unchanged.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficiency and performance analysis of spur gear and non-circular (square) gear hydraulic pumps","authors":"Mehmet Yazar","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the comparative energy consumption performance of hydraulic spur gear pumps, whose technical features and efficiency are well-known, and non-circular (square) gear pumps, whose technical features and efficiency have not been sufficiently investigated, under the same operating conditions. The study encompasses both theoretical and experimental analyses. In the theoretical section, the design process of the square gear pump, the creation of gear geometry, its operating principles, and potential advantages are explained in detail. At this stage, physical prototypes were developed using CAD models and rapid manufacturing techniques, and their functionality was verified. Thus, the volumetric flow rate, operating pressure, hydraulic oil temperature variations, and power consumption at different speeds of the gear pumps were experimentally analyzed and evaluated in detail. The findings indicate that, at the same speed and within the same time unit, the square gear pump consumed approximately 0.59 %–33.94 % less power (kW) per unit flow rate and 8.08 %–74.33 % less power per unit pressure compared to the spur gear pump. These results reveal that the square gear pump consumes less power than the spur gear pump. Furthermore, the square gear pump demonstrated higher fluid transport capacity and operating pressure during operation. These results indicate that the square gear pump offers a promising alternative for industrial applications, combining high efficiency with low power consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavitation evolution mechanism and periodic flow of aviation pressure poppet valve","authors":"Jing Yao,&nbsp;Mandi Li,&nbsp;Xiang Li,&nbsp;Yunchang Wang,&nbsp;Decai Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cavitation is easy to occur inside the pressure poppet valve in the aviation hydraulic system, which causes the flow instability and enhances the valve spool vibration. However, the correlation mechanism between cavitation characteristics and flow field fluctuations in poppet valve is not yet clear. This paper utilizes Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) and visual experiments to investigate cavitation periodic evolution patterns in a specially designed aviation poppet valve. Then the induced flow field fluctuation is analyzed by the time and frequency domain curves of vapor volume fractions at the body, surface, and specific points. In addition, the influence of pressure drops and outlet pressure on cavitation periodicity is analyzed. The results show that in the case of 4 MPa pressure drop, the cavitation in the valve is caused by the circumferential vortex rings formed by the jet from valve orifice and wall constraint. Due to wall jet angle and diffluence effect, the circumferential vortex ring strength differs in the vertical direction, resulting in different shapes of the cavities in the pressure poppet valve. As for the cavitation shedding near the valve outlet, ligamentous vortices stretched from the large vortex structure inside the valve formed this phenomenon. Additionally, a \"bunching\" phenomenon from body vapor volume fraction curve is found. It is caused by the periodic growth and shedding of cavitation at the valve outlet according to the vapor volume fractions analysis on the surface and point. Besides, the increase of the valve orifice pressure drop will intensify the flow field fluctuations. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the cause of valve spool vibration in aviation poppet valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of sloping floodplain on flow resistance and discharge in straight compound channels with single floodplain","authors":"Ali Ghahramanzadeh ,&nbsp;Mirali Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Rasoul Daneshfaraz","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research work describes the study of two types of floodplains (i.e., flat and sloped) to investigate the influences of sloped single floodplains on a compound channel in terms of conveyance capacity, velocity distribution, and resistance to flow. To this end, were made four single floodplain compound channel models, including one flat floodplain and two models with a sloping floodplain in positive (4 % and 9 % transverse slope bed) and one negative transverse slope (−4%) and each of the models was investigated under different flow discharges. The results show that the main channel is more efficient for conveying water when the floodplain is positively sloped compared to the flat floodplains. The water conveying capacity of the main channel increases by 10.9 % in the positive transverse slope compared to the flat floodplain and decreases by 3.4 % in the negative transverse slope. For both low and high flow discharges, the average velocities in the main channel and the floodplain with a highest positive transverse sloped bed were 15.7 % and 11.23 % higher, respectively, compared to the flat floodplain. On the negative transverse slope, the Manning roughness coefficient, <em>n</em>, is frequently higher than that of other cases. In a case with negative transverse sloped bed (i.e., <em>θ</em> = −4%), the Manning's <em>n</em> in the main channel and flat floodplain was 8.33 % and 14.05 % higher than that of the flat floodplain. The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor, <em>f</em>, in a compound channel with a positive transverse sloped bed on a floodplain was 5.7 % higher than in a flat floodplain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}