Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic response and output characteristics of high-speed on/off valves based on structural optimization and load force characterization","authors":"Zibo Chen ,&nbsp;Rulu Wei ,&nbsp;Zuzhi Tian ,&nbsp;Fangwei Xie ,&nbsp;Nan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the challenges in accurately predicting the frequency response and flow output of high-speed on/off valves (HSVs) in digital hydraulic systems, this study investigates their dynamic response and output characteristics through integrated electromechanical-hydraulic co-simulation and experimental testing. A dynamic model of the HSV, including its load, is established. An analysis method for dynamic performance, based on the load force function, is proposed to examine the valve's opening and closing behavior and the resulting flow characteristics. Structural parameters are subsequently optimized. Results show that the optimized valve exhibits significantly reduced opening and closing times, and its cutoff frequency increases from 37 Hz to 53 Hz. Additionally, it is found that an increase in operating frequency narrows the linear flow modulation range and reduces output flow, while a decrease in pressure differential leads to a parabolic decay in output. Experimental results validate the simulation, demonstrating that the prototype achieves a linear modulation range of 30 %–70 % at 40 Hz and a maximum operating frequency of 60 Hz. This research establishes an integrated electromagnetic-mechanical-hydraulic load force model and proposes a structural optimization framework based on load force characterization. This provides a new co-design approach for the synergistic optimization and precise control of HSVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refinement of field-measured velocity profiles via CFD comparison: A case study on single-phase flow in aeration tanks","authors":"Damla Yilmaz Çelik ,&nbsp;Babak Vaheddoost ,&nbsp;Egemen Aras ,&nbsp;Rahim Şibil","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accuracy of field measurements obtained from aeration tanks is of critically important for the validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models. In many cases, the employed validation metrics serve as a fundamental keystone for evaluating both the credibility of experimental data and the accuracy of numerical simulations. In this study, a novel data refinement approach is developed to assess the physical plausibility of velocity measurements collected from a full-scale aeration tank. Unlike conventional validation approaches, the CFD model is utilized as a reference framework within a reverse-approach perspective to evaluate the reliability of field data. Measurement points affected by acoustic noise, surface sludge interference, and turbulence near static structures were identified and excluded through curve-fitting and statistical filtering techniques. Velocity data obtained with the help of an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) across six lateral and 53 vertical layers were evaluated using the Coefficient of Determination (R²), Relative Error (RE), and Performance Index (PI) metrics. The maximum-elimination combined with polynomial fitting notably enhanced the model accuracy, reducing RE from −123 % to 20 %, increasing R² from 0.054 to 0.96, and improving PI from 2.6 to 1.16. As a result, the refined dataset provided a more consistent and realistic representation of the flow structure and established a robust observational basis for the future calibration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a DEM-based measurement method for analyzing seed motion dynamics in helicoidal seed tubes","authors":"Eglė Jotautienė ,&nbsp;Davut Karayel ,&nbsp;Vaidas Bivainis","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uniform seed distribution is essential for optimizing crop yield and enhancing seeding quality in modern agricultural practices. The helicoidal seed tube was developed to regulate seed flow within seed drills just before seeds are dispensed into the furrow, addressing challenges in consistent seed placement. This study presents a Discrete Element Method (DEM)-based approach for measuring the motion characteristics of wheat seeds within such a helicoidal tube, with the goal of enhancing measurement precision in evaluating seed velocity, spacing, and flow consistency. The DEM model was calibrated against experimental data, achieving strong agreement, including a particle flow rate of 1.34 g s⁻¹ and a total discharge of 17.37 g over 20 s. Sensitivity analyses were performed on pitch size, tube inclination, and input flow rate, revealing their influence on seed velocity (0.40–1.30 m s⁻¹), spacing, and the occurrence of flow interruptions. Larger pitch sizes (36 mm and 40 mm) supported smoother flow without blockage even at higher rates. This study offers a validated methodology for quantifying dynamic particle behavior in confined geometries using simulation and bench-scale testing. It contributes to measurement science by providing a structured framework to analyze, validate, and optimize seed flow systems, which can be extended to broader granular flow measurement applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDITORIAL: Special issue on advances in multiphase flow measurement and sensing technology","authors":"Haigang Wang ,&nbsp;Laurent Babout ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Wu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘The effect of channel slope on steep channel flow instability’ [Flow Meas. Instrum. 104 (2025) 102900]","authors":"Hsun-Chuan Chan,&nbsp;Yu-Zhou Lin,&nbsp;Po-Wei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on machine vision-based ore material flow dynamic monitoring for vertical shaft impact crusher","authors":"Yangyang Guo ,&nbsp;Lingfeng Pei ,&nbsp;Minjian Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiangfan Wu ,&nbsp;Zuzhi Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current accuracy and reliability of the contact measurement methods for ore materials remain insufficient, which hinders the intelligent and precise development of mechanical sand. To address the limitation, this paper proposes a non-contact monitoring approach for ore material flow at the inlet conveyor belt of the vertical shaft impact crusher. Utilizing line-structured light vision technology, the preprocessing of laser stripe images is optimized through the application of Green channel grayscal and Median filtering to effectively suppress the interfering noise. Given the irregularity and discontinuity of material flow on the belt, the regional skeleton method is employed to enable efficient and precise centerline extraction, while the linear interpolation method is applied to complete the repair of the broken centerline. By integrating the Riemann integral and Laser triangulation, the dynamic calculation model for material flow is established. Experimental results obtained from limestone at conveyor belt speeds of 0.4 m/s, 0.8 m/s, and 1.2 m/s demonstrate the average flow measurement errors of 4.11 %, 5.42 %, and 6.74 %, respectively, which satisfy the real-time control accuracy requirements for mechanical sand. Simulation results of the crushing characteristics indicate that an increase in feed rate leads to reduction in sand production rate and corresponding rise in rotor power. These results offer effective guidance for the dynamic measurement of bulk materials and the regulation of the crusher.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dominant role of relative roughness in microscale flow transition: Redefining the critical Reynolds number for microflow measurement","authors":"Li Cao ,&nbsp;Shiyue Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Chunye Liu ,&nbsp;Rong Wei ,&nbsp;Wen'e Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaotao Hu ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to clarify the applicability of Nikuradze's classical findings under microscale conditions, with a specific focus on identifying the key factors governing the critical Reynolds number for flow transition. Experiments were conducted using deionized water as the working fluid in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and stainless steel (SS) circular tubes with diameters ranging from 500 to 3000 μm, employing an improved long/short-tube method. A quantitative relationship was established among the characteristic microchannel scale, relative roughness, and the critical Reynolds number for transition. The main findings are as follows: In the laminar flow regime of microtubes, the relationship between the friction factor and the Reynolds number still conforms to the classical Hagen-Poiseuille equation; The advancement of the transition point is not directly related to the tube diameter but is predominantly governed by the relative roughness, with a larger relative roughness leading to an earlier transition; The experimental friction factors in the turbulent regime for rough microtubes deviate significantly from the predictions of the classical Blasius equation. This research provides critical insights for the design and calibration of pressure-difference-based flowmeters in microscale systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation analysis of temperature rise and thermal deformation of the core of the new U-shaped throttle groove slide valve","authors":"Yanzhao Shang ,&nbsp;Ruichuan Li ,&nbsp;Yanchao Li ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The viscous heating effect caused by the throttling action at the valve port may lead to the throttling groove of the valve core expanding due to heat, resulting in phenomena such as jamming and seizing. This work is closely aligned with international research on thermal–structural coupling and clearance variation in hydraulic spool valves, providing insights relevant to the global effort to improve the thermal reliability of high-pressure hydraulic components. This paper presents a novel U-shaped throttling groove, with a slope set at its outlet and wedge-shaped slopes added on both sides to establish a three-dimensional steady-state thermal analysis model and a structural analysis numerical model of the new U-shaped throttling groove. The corresponding thermal conduction analysis of the valve core throttling groove was carried out, and the temperature distribution of the valve core throttling groove was obtained. The influence laws of the valve port opening degree and back pressure value on the temperature distribution of the valve core between the new U-shaped throttling groove and the common U-shaped throttling groove were discussed. The structural deformations of two types of valve cores caused by heating were analyzed, revealing the thermal deformation trends of the valve cores under different opening degrees and different back pressure values. The research results show that the temperature distribution of the new U-shaped throttling groove is superior to that of the common U-shaped throttling groove. Both types of valve cores undergo thermal expansion as a whole, and the main deformation area is concentrated at the throttling groove. The inlet wall deforms along the axial direction, while the outlet semi-circular wall mainly expands along the radial direction. The new U-shaped throttling groove proposed in this paper performs better than the common U-shaped throttling groove in terms of maximum deformation and radial direction, thereby reducing the failure rate of jamming and seizing caused by thermal expansion. This study provides relevant theoretical support for explaining the jamming formation mechanism and suppression methods of spool valves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of entry length dependence on inlet turbulence intensity in pipe flow","authors":"Kuldhir Singh Bhati ,&nbsp;Lata Pangtey ,&nbsp;Vijai Laxmi ,&nbsp;Nagendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Harekrishna Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrodynamic entry length is a critical parameter in internal pipe flows, directly influencing pressure drop, wall shear stress, and heat transfer characteristics. While classical correlations typically estimate the entry length as a function of Reynolds number, the role of inlet turbulence intensity has not been systematically quantified. In this study, a combined numerical and experimental investigation is conducted to quantify the dependence of hydrodynamic entry length on inlet turbulence intensity over a wide range of Reynolds numbers as a function of turbulence intensity. Numerical simulations are performed using ANSYS Fluent for Reynolds numbers spanning from 5000 to 150,000 and inlet turbulence intensities ranging from 2 % to 10 %. The entry length is quantified based on the axial development of mean velocity profiles, wall shear stress, and centerline velocity overshoot criteria. The results demonstrate that inlet turbulence intensity has a pronounced influence on the hydrodynamic entry length, especially at low turbulence levels. For inlet turbulence intensities of approximately 2–3 %, the entry length significantly exceeds conventional estimates, reaching values greater than 80–100D, whereas at higher turbulence intensities (8–10 %), the entry length reduces substantially to below 30–40D, depending on the Reynolds number. The influence of pipe diameter on entry length is also examined, revealing consistent scaling behavior with the numerical simulation. Experimental validation using hot-wire anemometry confirms an inlet turbulence intensity of approximately 4.5 %, which agrees well with numerical predictions. An alternative methodology for estimating entry length, independent of conventional velocity-profile-based criteria, is also proposed. The findings provide quantitative guidance for designing pipe flow systems, flow measurement installations, and jet-based thermal and fluid applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibre-optic sensor design and strain-response analysis to wall pressure fluctuations in turbulent partially-filled pipe flows","authors":"Jah Shamas,&nbsp;Anton Krynkin,&nbsp;Gavin Sailor,&nbsp;Melika Gul,&nbsp;Simon Tait,&nbsp;Kirill Horoshenkov","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many studies exist analysing dynamics of pressure-driven flows, yet the number of studies quantifying hydrodynamic relations in partially-filled gravity-driven pipe flows remains limited. This work presents strain data for two uniform, steady flow regimes from a novel streamwise, flush-mounted fibre-optic sensor embedded in the interior wall of a partially-filled pipe. The sensor responds to turbulence-induced pressure fluctuations at the wall, transducing them into measurable strain via a custom plate-gel structure. This sensor represents the first of its kind for non-invasive response to wall pressure fluctuations in partially-filled pipes. Cross-correlation analysis recovered bulk flow velocity estimates within 5% of the true velocity. A Metropolis–Hastings-based automated filtering process identified the frequency range retaining bulk flow properties while removing noisy measurements, further refining velocity estimates. The identified streamwise correlation pattern agreed with experimentally observed wall pressure correlations. Results suggest streamwise correlations decay at a rate proportional to the hydraulic radius in each regime, with only a 7% discrepancy between regimes. Furthermore, spectral analysis indicates the sensor’s sensitivity to coherent large-scale turbulent structures from wall data alone, a capability not previously demonstrated experimentally, suggesting potential for monitoring flow structures beyond bulk conditions. Out-of-water tests produced uninformative results, confirming that in-flow placement captures genuine flow dynamics. These findings demonstrate a novel sensing approach to monitoring partially-filled pipe flows, providing both bulk property estimation and insights into multi-scale flow structures from data collection at the wall, making way for a new form of sensor to be deployed for monitoring these flows in varying industrial contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}