Flow Measurement and Instrumentation最新文献

{"title":"VMD-based adaptive ultrasonic flowmeter echo signal denoising algorithm","authors":"Zhongbing Li ,&nbsp;Hailong Liao ,&nbsp;Guihui Chen ,&nbsp;Haibo Liang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhao ,&nbsp;Honghua Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flow rate measurement of drilling return fluid plays a crucial role in the oil and gas industry, with significant impact on operational safety assurance, efficiency enhancement, and optimized resource management. However, the complex characteristics of drilling return fluids present persistent challenges to the long-term reliability and accuracy of conventional intrusive flow measurement methods. As a non-invasive approach, flow measurement based on ultrasound Doppler frequency shift demonstrate substantial application potential in this field. In order to cope with the severe noise interference of ultrasonic echo signals caused by the harsh environment of oil fields, this paper proposes a novel ultrasonic denoising algorithm integrating Ivy Optimization Algorithm-optimized Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) with improved wavelet soft-threshold denoising. Specifically, the proposed algorithm initially decomposes ultrasonic echo signals into multiple Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) through VMD optimized by the Ivy Optimization Algorithm. Subsequently, to prevent the elimination of useful signal components during the improved wavelet soft-threshold denoising process for these IMFs, an energy spectral density-based classification algorithm is designed to categorize all IMFs into signal-dominant IMFs and noise-dominant IMFs. The noise-dominant IMFs are then subjected to improved wavelet soft-threshold denoising. Finally, the reconstructed signal is obtained by combining signal-dominant IMFs with denoised noise-dominant IMFs. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior denoising performance and robustness under various signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Compared with traditional wavelet denoising, it improves SNR by 120.1 % and outperforms recent advanced algorithms by at least 6.3 %. Field tests reveal that the measurement error of ultrasonic flow meters using this algorithm is reduced by 67 % compared with conventional counterparts. These results confirm that the proposed algorithm effectively denoises ultrasonic flowmeter echo signals, thereby significantly enhancing measurement accuracy. This advancement provides a reliable technical solution for precise flow rate monitoring in complex drilling environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of low-turbulence structures and neural network-driven precise wind speed Control: A synergistic design for novel jet wind tunnel systems","authors":"Yuhao Jiang ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Qing He ,&nbsp;Kun Cao ,&nbsp;Junlin Li ,&nbsp;Delong Jiang ,&nbsp;Lei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jet wind tunnels are critical equipment for achieving high-precision aerodynamic testing, particularly suited for aerospace applications with extremely high requirements for turbulence intensity and control accuracy. However, traditional wind tunnel design has long been limited by the independent development of aerodynamic structures and control systems, resulting in poor overall system performance and limited flow field control precision. To address this, this paper proposes a synergistic design method centered on a Coaxial Intelligent Flow Converger (CIFC), through deep integration of aerodynamic structural optimization and intelligent algorithms. In terms of structural optimization, the CIFC adopts an innovative main/auxiliary dual-channel design, which suppresses airflow disturbances while enabling precise flow regulation. In terms of intelligent algorithms, a multi-parameter, multi-task CNN-BiLSTM-Attention deep learning architecture is developed to realize real-time coordinated control of the CIFC's dual channels and establish a high-precision nonlinear mapping model among temperature, pressure, channel flow rates, and wind speed/pressure difference coefficients. Experimental validation shows that this synergistic design exhibits excellent performance in flow field uniformity, temperature gradient control, flow stability, and environmental adaptability, providing theoretical support and engineering pathways for the construction of next-generation high-precision aerodynamic testing platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical deviation analysis of characteristic performance points of the turbine condenser pump after bypass modification","authors":"Dušan Strušnik ,&nbsp;Jurij Avsec","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a detailed mathematical deviation analysis of the characteristic performance points of a turbine condenser pump following a bypass system modification. The primary task of the turbine condenser pump is to pump condensate from the condenser into the boiler feedwater system. Additionally, the condensate from the condenser pump serves as cooling water for auxiliary systems, such as ejector system cooling and steam dump device cooling. The condenser pump must operate within its characteristic performance properties to ensure the appropriate flow and pressure required for the uninterrupted operation of these systems. The bypass system, which is essential for directing steam during the start-up and trip of the steam turbine, was modified to improve operational flexibility and reliability. To determine the reliability of the condenser pump after the modification, reliability measurements were performed. The reliability was assessed by comparing the characteristic performance points provided by the manufacturer with the measured characteristic points. These measurements were conducted under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions in the turbine condenser. The results indicate that the deviations between the characteristic performance properties specified by the manufacturer and those measured are negligibly small. Minor deviations due to changes in pressure conditions are reflected in the net positive suction head (NPSH) of the condenser pump, and measurements show that operation with an NPSH greater than 1.5 m remains safe. The remaining deviations in characteristic performance properties are within acceptable limits, amounting to up to 3 %. Overall, the results reveal that the bypass modification does not adversely affect pump performance, and the observed shifts in characteristic performance curves are within tolerable operational limits, ensuring continued reliability and stability of the condenser system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mechanical water meter reading detection method based on improved Yolov8n","authors":"Haiyuan Jia,&nbsp;Shujing Su,&nbsp;Yunfen Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address challenges arising from dirty water dials, uneven lighting conditions, and varied shooting angles—which reduce the accuracy and recognition rates of mechanical water meter identification, we propose an intelligent reading method for old water meters based on improved YOLOv8n. Firstly, the C2f module is augmented with an efficient multi-scale attention mechanism employing dimensional decomposition and cross-channel correlation strategies to enhance discriminative feature representation. Secondly, the bidirectional feature pyramid network is used in the Concat module. The neck network also integrates shallow-level feature maps and a specialized prediction module to maintain high detection accuracy under interference conditions. Finally, the normalized wasserstein distance loss is combined with CIoU as a location regression loss function to reduce location bias sensitivity. The results show that the mAP₅₀ of the improved algorithm reaches 98.4%, and the mAP₅₀ and recall rate R are increased by 4.6% and 1.7%, respectively. It still has strong robustness in the face of complex condition interference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and performance testing of an ECMO ultrasonic blood flow sensor","authors":"Manman Wu,&nbsp;Dandan Zheng,&nbsp;Ying Xu,&nbsp;Zimeng Zheng,&nbsp;Chenglin Yv,&nbsp;Xueyong Chen,&nbsp;Haojun Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a technique used for extracorporeal circulation and respiratory support, primarily for life-saving treatment in patients with respiratory failure unresponsive to conventional therapy. Ultrasonic blood flow sensors represent a critical component of ECMO systems, facilitating precise real-time blood flow measurements. The present study details the design and development of a novel clamp-on small-caliber ECMO ultrasonic blood flow sensor prototype (UBFS). Flow tests were conducted to analyse the sensor's response characteristics in 23 °C water and 37 °C imitation blood medium. A water-imitation blood calibration model (<em>M</em>_{<em>Water-iBlood</em>}) was proposed to replace blood with water for calibration, thereby reducing the cost of sensor testing. The incorporation of a Kalman filter algorithm into the sensor was undertaken to enhance measurement stability and accuracy. The experimental setup utilized a standard fluid flow calibration device, with an uncertainty of 0.2 %, a testing range of 0–10 L/min, and temperatures maintained at 23 °C and 37 °C, using water and imitation blood solutions as the test media. The results demonstrated that for flow rates up to 1 L/min, the sensor's measurement accuracy was within ±3.7 %, and for the flow rates of 1–10 L/min, the accuracy improved to within ±0.93 %, with repeatability within ±0.7 %. Finally, the UBFS was compared and evaluated through serial testing with commonly used small-diameter clamp-on industrial ultrasonic flow meters and medical ultrasonic flow meters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-line acquisition of fertilizer ingredient information based on multi-segment capacitive sensor combined with RLC resonance","authors":"Jianian Li ,&nbsp;Yongzheng Ma ,&nbsp;Chuanke Yang ,&nbsp;Jiaoli Fang ,&nbsp;Jiawen Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irrigation-fertilization integration is a vital component of agricultural development, and the detection of fertilizer solution component information serves as a key link in this integration process. However, conventional detection methods for fertilizer solution components are plagued by deficiencies, including the incapacity to execute real-time online monitoring and a tendency to generate excessively large detection errors. In order to address these challenges, the study has designed a multi-segment capacitive sensor and proposed an online detection method based on RLC resonance and characteristic frequency response. The validity of the method is established through the utilization of urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and compound fertilizers as test subjects. Firstly, the frequency response characteristics within the range of 1 kHz–30 MHz are investigated. The findings indicate that the sensor demonstrates optimal detection performance within the frequency range of 1 MHz–20 MHz Secondly, the characteristic frequencies of different fertilizer solutions are determined as 7.5 MHz, 9.5 MHz, 14.5 MHz, 3 MHz, 11.5 MHz, and 17.5 MHz based on the series resonance response characteristics. A concentration detection model based on the sensor's amplitude voltage is constructed, with determination coefficients (R²) all exceeding 0.9909. Finally, a detection strategy of multi-segment parallel operation with a “species-first-then-concentration\" approach is adopted for qualitative and quantitative analysis of fertilizer solutions. Validation results show that the species recognition accuracy exceeds 94 %, and the concentration detection error is less than ±7.5 %. This research meets the demand for online detection of fertilizer solution components and concentrations in agricultural engineering, providing technical support for the development of irrigation-fertilization integration technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and dynamic performance of a novel high water-based digital valve operated by explosion proof servo motor pilot dual valves","authors":"He Zhang ,&nbsp;Zijie Zou ,&nbsp;Jiyun Zhao ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A unique configuration approach for a pilot double-valve core high-pressure large-flow high-water-based explosion-proof digital flow valve is proposed to address the challenge of regulating straightness of scraper conveyor in coal mine working face of hydraulic support. The ‘active’ two-way cartridge valve serves as the primary stage, and pilot stage is made up of two 2/3 valves that are driven by motor screw. The flow capacity and cavitation occurrence law of various main valve port structural characteristics are investigated by numerical calculation using CFD. Along with mathematical model for pilot stage, the current loop, speed loop, and position loop parameters are calculated. Based on the simulation study, “three-loop” has better response characteristics, and primary stage’s performance is most affected by pilot damping and pilot liquid supply pressure. Ultimately, prototype and test platform built on Xpc are produced. The results show that digital flow valve driven by explosion-proof servo motor can provide proportional control in both loading and no-load scenarios. When loading, the step rise time is 0.2 s. It can better guarantee control performance, react more quickly, and satisfy the straightness control demand in the subterranean support working face than a stepper motor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical modeling and discharge coefficient analysis of semi-elliptical sharp-crested weirs","authors":"Abbas Parsaie,&nbsp;Mahziar BasitNejad,&nbsp;Mohammad Bahrami-Yarahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sharp-crested weirs are commonly used for flow measurement in confined channels and low-velocity hydraulic systems, where the head-discharge relationship (H-Q) and discharge coefficient (Cd) are vital for performance assessment. While deriving the H-Q equation analytically involves integrating the velocity profile across the weir's flow section, complex geometries like semi-elliptical weirs introduce elliptic integrals that need numerical solutions. This study introduces a computational framework using Simpson's numerical integration (implemented in Python via Google Colab) to analyze the H-Q relationship for semi-elliptical sharp-crested weirs (SCSCWs). The calibrated model showed an average deviation of 10.2 % from experimental data, indicating acceptable predictive accuracy. Results indicate Cd values between 1.5 and 2.2 for relative heads (H/P = 0.1–0.8), with orientation-dependent trends: horizontal major axis (HMA) configurations show increasing Cd with head, while vertical major axis (VMA) configurations display decreasing Cd. Two orientation-specific regression models were developed and validated against laboratory data, achieving ∼4 % accuracy for HMA and ∼13 % for VMA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on cavitation flow characteristics of rotating disc under different cavitation numbers","authors":"Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Weiguo Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianhui Bao ,&nbsp;Xinlong Li ,&nbsp;Huiyun Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cavitation has always been a research hotspot in the field of fluid machinery. As one of the components of an impeller—the core component of fluid machinery—the hydrodynamic and cavitation characteristics of airfoils are of vital importance to fluid machinery performance. Currently, cavitation flow characteristics around stationary hydrofoils have been extensively studied, but research on rotating hydrofoils remains limited. This paper takes the NACA 0015 airfoil mounted on a rotating disc as a research object. By combining experimental and numerical simulation methods, it investigates the cavitation flow characteristics around the airfoil under different cavitation numbers by varying rotational speed. Meanwhile, based on entropy generation theory, the study analyzes energy loss characteristics in the disc induced by cavitation. Results show that the disc's cavitation number decreases with increasing rotational speed, and cavitation occurs at the airfoil trailing edge under all cavitation numbers, primarily due to wake effects. When the cavitation number <em>σ</em> ≤ 0.55, cavitation emerges on the airfoil suction surface. As the cavitation number decreases, cavitation extends from the leading to trailing edge, intensifying the phenomenon and increasing disc energy loss—largely caused by low-pressure region formation. Studying the rotating disc's cavitation characteristics provides theoretical support for the stable and safe operation of hydraulic machinery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model experimental study on draft vortex characteristics based on motion information analysis","authors":"Min Sheng,&nbsp;Ruhao Dai,&nbsp;Bo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.103037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the model test of hydraulic turbine, it is necessary to observe the vortex to confirm the hydraulic development process and operation stability. In order to record more static and dynamic information at the test conditions, observing and recording method based on tests experience was proposed in this paper. This method differs from existing methods of directly observing and recording the draft vortex, as it can simultaneously extract the motion information of the vortex. The application of this method to a Francis turbine model was carried out on the Toshiba Hydraulic General Test Platform, and the variation laws of vortex flow regime and characteristics under different flow rates were studied. Furthermore, Swirl Number was attempted to use to characterize the information obtained from organizing and recording. The results show that the observation and test information can be supplemented and improved by this method implementation, thus the numerical simulation results in the development process can be verified, and this also have reference significance for the prototype operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}