International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Biomechanical Analysis of Stresses and Strains of the Healthy Aortic Valve and Its Congenital Variants Throughout the Cardiac Cycle: A Finite Element Approach","authors":"Aicha Boualiane,&nbsp;Lotfi Hamza Cherif","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70168","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To fully understand valve function and evaluate valve dynamics in patients with valvular diseases, it is crucial to model the biomechanical behavior of the valve. The primary objective of this study is to develop an innovative, patient-specific computational framework to assess stress and strain deformation throughout the cardiac cycle using finite element analysis. Three aortic valve models—tricuspid (TAV), bicuspid type 0 (BAV Type 0), bicuspid type 1 (BAV Type 1), and quadricuspid (QAV)—were created from transesophageal echocardiography images using a combination of MATLAB and Blender functionalities. A dynamic stress and strain analysis, assuming a combination of linear elastic and nonlinear hyperelastic material properties, was employed for the simulation (FEATool). The valves were subjected to a set of stresses as initial conditions, with a surface-dependent variable pressure profile as a boundary condition. Two numerical solvers, linear (MUMPS) and nonlinear (FEniCS), were employed to ensure convergence of the results. Mechanically, the models reveal significant distinctions, primarily driven by differences in morphology, as demonstrated by the simulation performed. The BAV (Type 0 and Type 1) and QAV models, which have an asymmetric structure, provided greater concentrations of stress distribution as well as localized deformations. Our approach allows us to quantify the impact of valvular morphology on stress and strain distribution. These findings enhance our understanding of the biomechanical mechanisms that may impact disease progression in valvular abnormalities and inform personalized treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Numerical Approach to Brace Treatment Prediction by Comprehensive Biomechanical Modeling of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis","authors":"Ali Bakhshian Talkhoncheh,&nbsp;Borhan Beigzadeh","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) requires effective and personalized brace treatment strategies to prevent progression and the potential need for surgery. However, monitoring and prediction of the spinal column deformities during bracing is not always possible. Relying only on traditional methods or clinicians' experience may pose a complex challenge in orthopedic care, as unique biological characteristics of each patient make it difficult to decide on the optimal spinal brace treatment. This study introduces a comprehensive biomechanical modeling approach utilizing finite element analysis and neural networks to refine brace prescription and treatment outcomes. The Rigo Chêneau-type brace, known for its biomechanical principles targeting lateral displacement and transversal derotation, serves as the foundation for this study. A dataset of 120 diverse abnormal curvatures is analyzed to estimate the effectiveness of the proposed biomechanical brace mechanism prior to its design and fabrication. Through 3600 simulations across various curvature types and severity levels, the study evaluated brace performance in terms of coronal correction, sagittal plane stability, and stress distribution. Simulation findings indicate significant improvements in coronal alignment between 10% and 50% while preserving the physiological sagittal curves. Subsequently, simulation data were utilized for training a neural network model to estimate the spinal column position after using the prescribed brace. The trained scoliosis model demonstrated 90.6% accuracy in predicting spinal deviation changes. By leveraging advanced computational tools and patient-specific biomechanical data, the current simulations offer a promising approach for optimizing brace treatment in AIS patients by predicting the outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Assessment of Wall Shear Stress-Related Hemodynamic Parameters in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study on Ruptured Cases","authors":"Onur Mutlu,&nbsp;Rahib A. Khan,&nbsp;Huseyin E. Salman,&nbsp;Ayman El-Menyar,&nbsp;Mehmet M. Yavuz,&nbsp;Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury,&nbsp;Hassan Al-Thani,&nbsp;Huseyin C. Yalcin","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70153","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a serious medical condition that may culminate in internal bleeding and death. Clinicians are expected to assess the rupture risk of AAAs accurately to determine the mode and timing of intervention. In general practice, AAA diameter and growth rate are used as rupture risk indicators. However, numerous cases have been reported where relying solely on these two AAA characteristics has proven insufficient, suggesting that other biomechanical factors deserve further consideration. This paper aims to investigate the involvement of disturbed hemodynamics in AAA rupture. Twenty-two AAA cases that had progressed to the point where surgical intervention was necessitated were assessed to examine the flow dynamics around the rupture sites. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), four key wall shear stress (WSS)-related hemodynamic parameters were calculated for each studied case, namely the time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP), and relative residence time (RRT). CFD geometries were developed exclusively using patient computed tomography images, and simulations were run with general physiological boundary conditions to demonstrate a clinically practical, low-input CFD pipeline. The study found that analyzing the spatial distribution of the WSS-related hemodynamic parameters can be a powerful approach for predicting the site of rupture in AAAs. Low TAWSS and high OSI/ECAP/RRT regions (specifically within the ranges: TAWSS 0–0.5 Pa, OSI 0.35–0.5, ECAP 1.6–2.0 Pa⁻¹, RRT 24–30) were found to be high-risk locations for rupture. Additionally, the simultaneous analysis of all four parameters was critical for rupture risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Hemoacoustic Investigation for Phonoangiography-Based Rupture Prediction in Compliant Fusiform Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm","authors":"Sumant R. Morab,&nbsp;Janani S. Murallidharan,&nbsp;Atul Sharma","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70158","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;For sound signal-based diagnosis and rupture prediction of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), this study performs a physiological fluid flexible-structure acoustic interaction (FfSAI) analysis for pulsatile blood-flow using an &lt;i&gt;in-house&lt;/i&gt; solver. The presence of murmurs is computationally presented for the &lt;i&gt;first time&lt;/i&gt; using a qualitative indicator of the acoustic signal. A pulsatile Newtonian blood-flow at the inlet, with Womersley number &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Wo&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ Wo $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 16.5, is considered. For a fusiform (axisymmetric) AAA, a parametric FfSAI study is presented with various height (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ H $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) to diameter (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ D $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) ratios &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ H/D $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, and 1.2, and width (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ W $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) to diameter (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ D $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) ratios &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ W/D $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 0.5 and 1.0. Vertical skin-surface velocity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {u}_r^{prime } $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) and rupture potential index (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;RPI&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ mathrm{RPI} $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) are calculated for different configurations. A significant 71% increase in cutoff frequencies of skin-surface acoustic velocity &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Metastatic Lesion Location and Subject-Specificity in the Determination of Femoral Fracture Risk","authors":"Abbas Rizvi,&nbsp;Chloe E. H. Scott,&nbsp;Sohan Seth,&nbsp;A. Hamish R. W. Simpson,&nbsp;Pankaj Pankaj","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70157","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evaluating the risk of pathological fracture in patients with bone metastasis continues to be a challenge. Clinicians use scoring systems such as Mirels', which are known to be unreliable. Patient-specific finite element (FE) analyses have been shown to be more effective than empirical clinical guidelines. While patient-specific FE models are valuable, they do not provide trends on fracture risk with respect to lesion locations that may apply across patients. Also, undertaking scans and conducting simulations for every patient is not practicable. Current knowledge is limited regarding the effect of lesion location in the femur and influence of patient-specific factors on fracture risk. We developed an automated system that generates synthetic spherical lesions of uniform size, systematically shifts their location by 1 mm, and evaluates the resulting effects on the mechanical response to loading applied at the femoral head aligned to the mechanical axis. To evaluate the importance of subject-specificity, models developed from CT scans of three cadaveric femurs and a generic Sawbones model were analysed for their mechanical behaviour for similar variation in lesion location. We found that lesion location plays an extremely important role in the determination of fracture risk, and that the trends associated with location are similar across subjects. Lesions in the femoral diaphysis with no cortical involvement have no distinguishable impact, while loss of cortical bone and their location from medial to lateral and along the shaft (proximal-, mid- and distal-diaphysis) have a key role in predicting potential fracture. We also found that normalised loss of stiffness when the lesion is on the medial side is almost two times that on the lateral side, as long as there is some cortical involvement in the proximal- and mid-diaphysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147470093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Haemodynamic Behaviour of Stenosed Aortic Heart Valves Using Fluid Structure Interaction Modelling","authors":"Lindi Grobler Kock,&nbsp;Ryno Laubscher,&nbsp;Johan van der Merwe,&nbsp;Martin P. Venter,&nbsp;Anton F. Doubell,&nbsp;Philip G. Herbst","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70156","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aortic stenosis (AS) is a valvular heart disease characterised by the narrowing of the valve opening area. Calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) and rheumatic aortic stenosis (RAS) have distinctly different valve morphologies. The haemodynamic environment of generic calcific and rheumatic aortic valves (AV) of various severities is analysed through the use of 3D FSI modelling techniques. For moderate (AVA = 1–15 cm²), severe (AVA &lt; 1 cm²) and very severe (AVA ≪ 1 cm²) cases of calcific and rheumatic AS, larger TPGs with higher velocity magnitudes are estimated in the rheumatic cases compared to the calcific cases. The additional work required by the left ventricle to overcome the TPG caused by the moderate, severe and very severe rheumatic valve lesions are 5.6%, 42.0% and 58.3% higher compared to the calcific valves of the same severity. The clinical approximation of the TPG is determined according to the simplified Bernoulli approximation and compared to the ground-truth TPG from the FSI results. The insensitivity of the clinical TPG approximation to the type and severity of stenosis is evident. Overall, the clinical approximation of the TPG either over- or underpredicts the TPG depending on the type and severity of the lesion, with smaller errors in the rheumatic cases compared to the calcific cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12966776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147370678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertensive Hemodynamics in Type II Endoleak: Unveiling Biomechanical Pathways to Thrombosis Impediment and Aneurysm Destabilization via FSI Simulation","authors":"Xiao Mo,&nbsp;Yanxia Wang,&nbsp;Feng Zhang,&nbsp;Hongshi Yu,&nbsp;Kaixiong Qing","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70150","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypertension is a key risk factor for type II endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), but the biomechanical mechanisms linking blood pressure to outcomes are unclear. This study aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by examining how elevated branching vessel pressure affects sac hemodynamics and wall mechanics. This study constructed a type II endoleak model with a patent inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and two lumbar arteries (LAs). The non-Newtonian fluid model and a two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method were utilized to simulate the blood flow and vessel wall mechanics for type II endoleak. By setting different inlet pressures for the branching vessels, this study investigated the impact of blood pressure on the biomechanical environment following EVAR. An increase in IMA and LA inlet pressures led to a reversal of blood flow at the branch vessels and resulted in an unstable flow field within the aneurysm sac. This was accompanied by elevated wall shear stress (WSS), energy loss (EL), sac wall displacement, and Von Mises stress. The pressure within the aneurysm sac also rose correspondingly. Elevated inlet pressures in the IMA and LA lead to increased and prolonged retrograde flow into the aneurysm sac, elevate sac pressure, raise WSS and EL, and amplify wall displacement and mechanical stress—collectively intensifying hemodynamic disturbance and structural loading on the aneurysm wall.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Behavior and Bioadaptability of Nonmonotonic Functional Gradient Material (FGM) Implants at Different Tilting Angles","authors":"Dong Chen,&nbsp;Zhexuan Yang,&nbsp;Xinyue Wang,&nbsp;Kun Lyu,&nbsp;Kena Ma,&nbsp;Qiwei Lai,&nbsp;Jinming He,&nbsp;Yanzhao Ma,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70152","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, finite element simulations of implants with different tilting angles (15°, 30°, 45° to the axial plane) were performed to analyze the mechanical behavior and bioadaptability of four functional gradient materials (FGM) implants with complex gradients, and compared with conventional implants and monotonic FGM implants proposed in the literature. The results showed that as the tilting angle increases, the implant generates more stresses and strains in the bone, especially at the implant tilt corner contact. Notably, compared with conventional implants, nonmonotonic FGM implants (A-L-H-L, R-L-H-L), and monotonic FGM implants (R-H-L) have lower material stiffness at the base and at the tilt corners of the implant, which effectively reduces the stresses and strains in this area and reduces the risk of bone destruction. In addition, the strain intensities generated by FGM A-L-H-L and R-L-H-L implants at different tilting angles are within the range that promotes bone remodeling (1500–3000 με), which is conducive to postoperative bone recovery and long-term growth. In conclusion, the proposed nonmonotonic FGM A-L-H-L and R-L-H-L implants provide more effective stress reduction compared with high-density titanium implants and better bioadaptability compared with monotonic FGM implants. For clinical research, this study aims to obtain a gradient distribution of tilted FGM implants with better mechanical properties and biological adaptability at different tilting angles to provide a research basis for clinical and subsequent implant development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing Complexity in Muscle-Tendon Kinematics Parameterization Improves Convergence Speed in Musculoskeletal Simulations","authors":"Mohanad Harba,&nbsp;Joan Badia,&nbsp;Gil Serrancolí","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Musculoskeletal simulations play a crucial role in rehabilitation, orthopedic implant design and athletic performance enhancement. A computational challenge within these simulations involves efficiently estimating muscle-tendon lengths and moment arms, especially in multijoint, multidegree-of-freedom (DoF) systems. When modeling muscles spanning joints with six DoFs, the required number of terms can significantly increase, which could compromise computational speed. This study introduces a method that significantly reduces the polynomial coefficients needed for muscle-tendon length and moment arm parametrization, ensuring computational efficiency without compromising accuracy. The approach was applied with two different error thresholds and was validated across four gait movements recorded from an elderly subject with a knee prosthesis, using data from the dataset of the Grand Challenge to predict in vivo contact forces. The results indicate that this reduction strategy decreased the required polynomial coefficients by approximately 50%, particularly for muscles spanning the knee and ankle joints, while preserving high accuracy in joint angle and knee contact force tracking. We demonstrate that our method decreases the computation time required for simulating full-body dynamics by 15.6%, estimating knee contact pressures including a knee joint with all six DoFs. We observed minimal differences between the optimal solutions obtained using the full and reduced polynomials. This approach offers a simplified and computationally efficient method for muscle-driven simulations, making it more practical for clinical applications like in physiotherapy, robotic-assisted surgery, and athletic training. By increasing computational speed without losing accuracy, this method marks a notable advance in musculoskeletal modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12927539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Finite Element Model for Predicting the Interface Pressure of Medical Compression Stockings","authors":"Inés Pita Miguélez,&nbsp;Ahmad Rashed Labanieh,&nbsp;Damien Soulat","doi":"10.1002/cnm.70151","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnm.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate prediction of interface pressure is essential for optimising product design and ensuring the therapeutic effectiveness of medical compression stockings. Finite-element (FE) methods are commonly used for this purpose, allowing for the integration of specific mechanical and dimensional properties of both fabric and body. However, existing models rely on homogenisation approaches to model the fabric, neglecting its mesoscale architecture and the individual mechanical contributions of yarn systems. This study presents a hybrid FE model that combines discrete and continuous elements to represent local fabric architecture and yarn behaviour. A mesoscale unit cell couples 1-D connectors for the inlay yarn with 3-D shell elements for the loop structure, with mechanical parameters identified from uniaxial tensile tests. Two compression zones (ankle and calf) of a class-II stocking were modelled with zone-specific course densities, directly linking local architecture to macroscopic response without homogenisation. Interface pressure was predicted in several in-use configurations by simulating garment placement over rigid leg cylinders. The model was validated against Laplace's law and PicoPress sensor data. Predicted average pressures differed by 5.1%–20.5% from Laplace estimates, and by ≤ 20% from sensor measurements on 3-D-printed legs. Local pressure profiles reproduced the therapeutic gradient (ankle &gt; calf) and remained numerically stable after mesh-ratio optimisation (8:1). The proposed framework enables precise integration of structural and mechanical parameters and represents a significant improvement over homogenised models for pressure prediction and garment design.</p>","PeriodicalId":50349,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12920784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}