International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Describing Psychotic Experiences Through Online Psychosis Screens: A Content Analysis","authors":"Hans Oh,&nbsp;Tasha Parekh,&nbsp;Caroline Sweeney,&nbsp;Nicole R. Karcher","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70092","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychotic experiences are commonly reported in population-based surveys, yet brief self-report screening instruments often yield high false-positive rates by capturing normative, culturally sanctioned, or other non-psychotic phenomena. Large surveys and administrative datasets increasingly include free-text responses that could contextualize these endorsements; however, qualitative data are under-analyzed due to resource constraints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from a US adult online survey, respondents who endorsed at least one item on the abbreviated World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO CIDI) psychosis screen were asked whether they could describe their experiences in an open-ended format. Using reflexive thematic analysis, three coders developed codes that were grouped into categories, and ultimately classified responses as probably psychotic, probably not psychotic, or unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Content analysis identified 13 thematic categories, including hallucinations, paranoia, emotional distress, interpersonal conflict, spiritual or paranormal beliefs, sleep-related experiences, and unintelligible responses. Nearly half of the responses were classified as unlikely to reflect psychotic experiences, while approximately 9% were deemed probably psychotic and 41% remained unclear due to insufficient context. Many responses reflected affective distress, stress-related interpretations, grief, or ambiguous experiences rather than clear psychotic phenomena. Descriptions capturing distress, functional impact, and insight were clinically informative but were inconsistently reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brief qualitative descriptions accompanying psychosis screening items provide valuable context that can clarify whether psychotic experiences reflect clinically meaningful psychotic phenomena or normative experiences. Integrating qualitative free-response fields may improve the interpretability and precision of psychosis screening, inform early detection efforts, and reduce the risk of over-pathologization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Adaptation and Measurement Properties of the Iranian Version of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care—Nurses Attitudes Questionnaire Based on COSMIN Checklist: A Methodological Study","authors":"Amirmohammad Dahouri,&nbsp;Mina Hosseinzadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Sahebihagh,&nbsp;Fereshteh Mostafazadeh Meinag","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Family involvement in nursing care is a key component of patient-centered care and is associated with improved patient outcomes and satisfaction. However, in Iran, there is a need for a culturally adapted and psychometrically sound instrument to assess nurses' attitudes toward family involvement in care using a standardized framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care—Nurses’ Attitudes (FINC-NA) questionnaire among Iranian nurses based on the COSMIN framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional methodological study was conducted among 430 nurses from Tabriz educational hospitals between January and March 2025. Participants were randomly divided into exploratory (<i>n</i> = 215) and confirmatory (<i>n</i> = 215) factor analysis groups. The Persian FINC-NA was evaluated for content and face validity, construct validity (EFA and CFA), and reliability (internal consistency and test–retest reliability) following COSMIN guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 and AMOS version 24.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a four-factor structure of the Persian FINC-NA: Family as an Active Care Partner, Family Engagement and Support, Family Burden, and Family Strengths and Communication. This structure explained 56.65% of the total variance and demonstrated acceptable model fit indices (<i>χ</i>²/df = 3.63, CFI = 0.901, TLI = 0.949, RMSEA = 0.078, SRMR = 0.069). Internal consistency was acceptable for most subscales (<i>α</i> ≥ 0.83), and test–retest reliability ranged from poor to good across subscales (ICC = 0.158–0.839).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Persian version of the FINC-NA demonstrates acceptable validity and reliability for assessing nurses' attitudes toward family involvement in nursing care in Iran. However, further refinement of certain subscales may be required to improve stability over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bias of Odds Ratio Estimate in Fisher's Exact Test","authors":"Xiaofeng Steven Liu","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The odds ratio estimate in Fisher's exact test can overestimate the parameter. A simple computer simulation can easily reveal the positive bias of the odds ratio estimate from Fisher's exact test. Bootstrap can facilitate bias correction for the odds ratio estimate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bias can be estimated, using bootstrap samples and the original sample to approximate the expectation of the odds ratio estimator and the true parameter value—their difference is the bias. Here, the bias is computed from the underlying distribution, conditional on the exclusion of zero cells in sampling, to avoid the infinite expectation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A study of depression is used to demonstrate how to use bootstrap to correct the bias in an odds ratio estimate based on Fisher's exact test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bootstrapping can easily estimate and correct the bias of an odds ratio estimate in Fisher's exact test. The results suggest that bootstrapping is sensitive enough to detect even a small bias.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the Joint Probability Density for Index Construction: Some Simplifications Using the TWEAK as Example","authors":"Maureen Murdoch,&nbsp;Barbara Ann Clothier,&nbsp;Siamak Noorbaloochi","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70081","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Index construction using the joint probability density (JPD) method is extremely robust and, unlike confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) or item response theory (IRT), puts few restrictions on underlying data. When input variables' numbers are large, however, JPD estimation can be difficult.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess two simplifications of JPD estimation using the TWEAK, a well validated screener for problematic drinking, and to compare these against the fully estimated JPD, the conventionally scored TWEAK, and TWEAK scores estimated through CFA and IRT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mailed survey of a nationally representative panel of 410 gender-stratified, post-9/11 Veterans with pending disability claims for posttraumatic stress disorder.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Summary statistics for the TWEAK's fully estimated JPD and the two simplifications were very similar, and Spearman's correlations were 0.97–1.00 (<i>p</i>s &lt; 0.001). Spearman's correlations across the remaining scoring approaches were −0.84 to −0.90 (<i>p</i>s &lt; 0.001). All 6 scoring approaches identified differences in men's TWEAK scores by alcohol use diagnosis (<i>p</i>s ≤ 0.02); the 3 JPD approaches did not reach statistical significance in the women. IRT analysis identified local dependence issues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our simplified estimations of JPD score were very similar to the fully estimated JPD and much easier to calculate. All 3 JPD estimations were highly concordant with more traditional scoring approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group, Subgroup and Person-Specific Longitudinal Associations Between Physical Activity and Affect in Individuals With and Without Depressive and Anxiety Disorders","authors":"Noa van Zwieten,&nbsp;George Aalbers,&nbsp;Femke Lamers,&nbsp;Harriëtte Riese,&nbsp;Manon H. J. Hillegers,&nbsp;Brenda W. J. H. Penninx","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Associations between physical activity and affect (activity-affect dynamics) vary among individuals for which reasons remain unclear. We examined whether such heterogeneity is explained by psychiatric status or sociodemographic, clinical, and ambulatory assessment characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two-week ambulatory assessment data of 300 participants with current (<i>n</i> = 79), subthreshold (<i>n</i> = 67), and no (<i>n</i> = 154) depressive and/or anxiety disorders or symptoms were obtained from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Positive and negative affect (PA/NA) were assessed with ecological momentary assessment (5xdaily) and physical activity using actigraphy. Group iterative multiple model estimation was used to model associations shared across the sample, psychiatric subgroups, and those specific to individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No activity-affect associations were shared across the sample (i.e., present in &gt; 75% of all individuals) or psychiatric subgroups (i.e., present in &gt; 51% of individuals within subgroups). Nevertheless, 45% of participants had at least one activity-affect association, with considerable heterogeneity in their nature. The most frequent association was a positive contemporaneous association between physical activity and PA (present in 25% of the sample).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest large heterogeneity in activity-affect dynamics among individuals and underscore the importance of considering the unique dynamics of the individual.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148284686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interviewer and Respondent Sociodemographic Characteristics, Rapport, and Their Joint Impact on Data Quality in the NESDA Study","authors":"Melany Horsfall,&nbsp;Adriaan W. Hoogendoorn,&nbsp;Stasja Draisma,&nbsp;Merijn Eikelenboom,&nbsp;Brenda W. J. H. Penninx","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data quality in face-to-face interviews may be affected by sociodemographic characteristics of interviewers and respondents (age, education, and gender) as well as their (dis)similarity. Similarity in these characteristics may foster rapport, potentially enhancing cooperation and improving data quality. This study examined the associations between interviewer and respondent sociodemographics, their similarity, and data quality, and whether rapport mediates these relationships in a sample of respondents with and without a depressive or anxiety disorder.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety were analyzed. Data quality was measured using item nonresponse and socially desirable responses to sensitive questions; rapport was assessed via post-interview evaluations from both parties. Multilevel regression and mediation analyses were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rapport was lower among older respondents but higher with older interviewers. More dissimilarity in age was negatively associated with rapport sum score and dissimilarity in education was negatively associated with rapport scores from interviewers. Furthermore, older respondents had higher item nonresponse and, along with male respondents and those with higher education, gave more socially desirable responses. Rapport partially mediated the effect of respondent age on data quality. Additionally, having a depressive or anxiety disorder was negatively associated with rapport. Experiencing a depression was also linked to more item nonresponse, in contrast, having a depressive disorder or anxiety leads to less socially desirable responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the importance of interviewer training in rapport-building, particularly with older respondents and respondents who suffer from a psychiatric disorder, to enhance data quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Arabic Version of the Eight-Item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-8 (DERS-8) in Egypt","authors":"Rasha Salah Eweida,&nbsp;Elie Gedeon,&nbsp;Feten Fekih-Romdhane,&nbsp;Alaa El Din Moustafa Hamed Abd Elaleem,&nbsp;Dina Metwally Sorour,&nbsp;Souheil Hallit","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brief measures of emotion regulation difficulties are useful in survey-based research and screening, yet evidence for Arabic ultra-brief tools remains limited. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale–8 (DERS-8) in an Arabic-speaking sample from Egypt.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional, internet-based survey was completed by 603 university students (mean age = 19.58 years; 62.7% female). Participants completed the Arabic DERS-8 alongside measures of psychological distress (PHQ-4) and perceived social support (MSPSS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the hypothesized one-factor structure. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach's <i>α</i> and McDonald's <i>ω</i>. Measurement invariance across gender was evaluated using multigroup CFA (configural, metric, and scalar), followed by independent-samples <i>t</i> tests. Construct validity was tested via associations with anxiety, depression and social support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The one-factor model showed acceptable fit, and model fit improved after allowing a theoretically plausible correlated residual between two items (final fit: robust RMSEA = 0.071 [90% CI 0.047, 0.096], SRMR = 0.032, robust CFI = 0.974, robust TLI = 0.962). Reliability was adequate (<i>ω</i> = 0.85; <i>α</i> = 0.85). The DERS-8 demonstrated metric and scalar invariance across gender and total scores did not differ significantly between males and females. Higher DERS-8 scores were associated with greater anxiety (<i>r</i> = 0.58) and depression (<i>r</i> = 0.55) and with lower perceived social support (<i>r</i> = −0.31) with all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Arabic DERS-8 appears to be a brief, reliable and valid measure of overall emotion regulation difficulties for use in non-clinical adults in Egypt, supporting its use in community-based research and screening contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruitment Mode Selectivity and Interview Mode Measurement Effects in a Population-Based Assessment of Cognitive Performance","authors":"Nicholas Hartman,&nbsp;Emily M. Briceño,&nbsp;Roshanak Mehdipanah,&nbsp;Wen Chang,&nbsp;Deborah A. Levine,&nbsp;Nelda Garcia,&nbsp;Xavier F. Gonzales,&nbsp;Kenneth M. Langa,&nbsp;Darin B. Zahuranec,&nbsp;Lewis B. Morgenstern,&nbsp;Steven G. Heeringa","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi—Cognitive (BASIC-C) study, we investigate recruitment mode selection effects and interview mode measurement effects in population-based applications of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared participant demographics across in-person (<i>n</i> = 1212), telephone (<i>n</i> = 645), and community (<i>n</i> = 363) samples recruited over 2018–2023 to American Community Survey statistics for Nueces County, Texas. We then implemented unadjusted and adjusted models to assess differences in harmonized MoCA scores, HCAP eligibility and completion, and HCAP cognitive domain measures across recruitment and interview modes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The samples had significantly different levels of selection effects, with significant differences in the odds of HCAP eligibility (Odds Ratios (ORs) of 0.51, 1.32, <i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.001). The in-person and telephone interview modes showed significant differences in the cumulative odds of harmonized MoCA score categories (Cumulative OR = 1.58, <i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.001) and several HCAP domain scores, and these differences were attenuated but not eliminated after adjusting for participant demographics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The observed differences in MoCA screening outcomes and HCAP eligibility and cognitive domain scores were largely attributable to recruitment mode selection effects. However, statistical adjustments for population characteristics did not fully attenuate interview mode measurement effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable Temporal Deep Learning for EEG-Based Depression Detection Using Resting-State Brain Dynamics","authors":"Mahdi Naeim,&nbsp;Akbar Atadokht","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depression is a major mental health disorder, and EEG-based automated detection is emerging as a potential objective diagnostic tool. However, achieving both high accuracy and interpretability remains challenging due to the complex spatiotemporal structure of EEG signals. This study proposes an explainable deep learning framework for depression detection using resting-state EEG data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective computational study using deep learning was conducted using EEG data from 122 subjects in the OpenNeuro dataset (ds003478). Based on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, participants were classified into control (BDI ≤ 13; <i>n</i> = 76) and depressive (BDI ≥ 20; <i>n</i> = 30) groups; intermediate cases (BDI 14–19; <i>n</i> = 16) were excluded to reduce label ambiguity and construct a high-confidence binary classification framework, although this may reduce applicability to mild or subclinical depression, resulting in a final cohort of 106 subjects. Preprocessing included band-pass filtering (1–40 Hz), 50 Hz notch filtering, Independent Component Analysis, and average referencing. A subject-wise 5-fold cross-validation was applied. A CNN–BiLSTM architecture with an attention mechanism integrated with explainable AI techniques (Grad-CAM and SHAP) was developed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 89.76%, an F1-score of 89.58%, and an AUC of 0.936. Ablation analysis confirmed the contribution of temporal modeling and attention mechanisms. Explainability analysis using Grad-CAM and SHAP showed that frontal EEG channels were the most influential in classification, consistent with neurophysiological findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed framework provides an accurate and interpretable method for EEG-based depression detection, supporting applications in computational psychiatry and decision-support systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways to Future Depression Among University Students: The Role of Interpersonal Needs, Emotion Regulation and Meaning in Life","authors":"José Enrique Layrón,&nbsp;José H. Marco,&nbsp;Rafael Salom Borrás,&nbsp;Sandra Pérez Rodríguez","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined prospective pathways to future depressive symptoms among university students, focusing on interpersonal needs, emotion regulation strategies, meaning in life, and suicide risk markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A longitudinal design was conducted with 737 Spanish university students assessed at baseline (T1) and 225 reassessed 14 weeks later (T2), reflecting substantial attrition across follow-up. Measures included depressive symptoms, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), meaning in life, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) frequency, and suicidal ideation frequency. Structural equation modeling in JASP (lavaan backend) tested a theory-driven model estimating direct and indirect effects on depressive symptoms at follow-up, controlling for baseline depression. Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding baseline depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline depressive symptoms were the strongest predictor of future depression. Thwarted belongingness predicted higher expressive suppression and lower meaning in life, whereas perceived burdensomeness showed a direct association with depressive symptoms at follow-up. When baseline depression was excluded, thwarted belongingness indirectly predicted future depressive symptoms through expressive suppression. The final models explained up to 42% of the variance in depressive symptoms at T2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interpersonal difficulties and maladaptive emotion regulation processes predicted the persistence of depressive symptoms among university students. Interventions targeting social connectedness and expressive suppression may help reduce the risk of sustained depressive symptomatology in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}