International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Psychometrics of rating scales for externalizing disorders in Japanese outpatients: The ADHD-Rating Scale-5 and the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale","authors":"Saeko Ishibashi,&nbsp;Takeshi Nishiyama,&nbsp;Takuya Makino,&nbsp;Futoshi Suzuki,&nbsp;Shoko Shimada,&nbsp;Shinji Tomari,&nbsp;Eiji Imanari,&nbsp;Takuma Higashi,&nbsp;Shintaro Fukumoto,&nbsp;Sawa Kurata,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Mizuno,&nbsp;Takeshi Morimoto,&nbsp;Hidetaka Nakamichi,&nbsp;Tomoko Iida,&nbsp;Kei Ohashi,&nbsp;Atsurou Yamada,&nbsp;Takuma Kimura,&nbsp;Yukiko Kuru,&nbsp;Satoshi Sumi,&nbsp;Yasuo Tanaka,&nbsp;Kazuya Ono,&nbsp;Hironobu Ichikawa,&nbsp;George J. DuPaul,&nbsp;Hirotaka Kosaka","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study validated the Japanese version of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Rating Scale-5 (ADHD-RS-5) and the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale. We extended the ADHD-RS-5 by adding the oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder subscales to compare the two rating scales psychometrically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity and criterion validity of the two rating scales in 135 Japanese outpatients aged 6–18 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good for all the subscales of the two rating scales except for the conduct disorder subscale of the ADHD-RS-5 extended. Good construct validity was revealed by expected correlational patterns between subscales from the two rating scales and the Children Behavior Checklist. The criterion validity was good for all the subscales of the two rating scales rated by parents, while teacher-ratings revealed substantially lower predictive ability for all the subscales. Agreement between parent- and teacher-ratings of the two rating scales was generally moderate and using predictive ratings alone of both ratings showed the best predictive ability among the integration methods examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The two rating scales have sound psychometric properties and will aid in screening and severity assessment of externalizing disorders in Japanese clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New users of anxiolytics and sedatives in Sweden—Drug type, doses, prescribers' characteristics, and psychiatric comorbidity in more than 750,000 patients","authors":"Elin Dahlén,&nbsp;Carola Bardage,&nbsp;Paulina Tuvendal,&nbsp;Rickard Ljung","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1998","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1998","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anxiety and sleep disorders are common in the population and anxiolytics and sedatives are widely used. Our aim was to describe the drug utilization of new users of anxiolytics and sedatives in adults including type of drug, doses, prescribers' characteristics, and psychiatric comorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A register-based cohort study of new users (18–64 years) of anxiolytics and sedatives in 2015–2019, free of any such drug 5 years prior to inclusion. The individuals were linked to national registers on dispensed drugs and recorded diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 764,432 new users of anxiolytics and sedatives were identified, which corresponds to an incidence of 26/1000 inhabitants and year. The proportion of new users of benzodiazepines (including both anxiolytics and sedatives) decreased, whereas the proportion of sedative antihistamines and melatonin increased. The most common drug dispensed was hydroxizin (33%) followed by benzodiazepine related drugs (zopiclone and zolpidem; 20%), propiomazine (14%) and benzodiazepines (13%). The majority (68%) of the prescriptions were from primary care. Most new users were prescribed 1–30DDDs and 52% among women and 49% among men were dispensed their drug only once during the first year. Half of the new users had a previous comorbid psychiatric disorder.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings are well reflecting the recommendations in national guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1998","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heightened facial muscle reactivity in preadolescent girls with pathological anxiety","authors":"Joshua R. Cruz,&nbsp;Amy Cochran,&nbsp;Daniel R. McFarlin,&nbsp;Lisa E. Williams,&nbsp;Ned H. Kalin","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anticipatory anxiety and heightened responses to uncertainty are central features of anxiety disorders (ADs) that contribute to clinical impairment. Anxiety symptoms typically emerge during childhood, and even subthreshold-AD symptoms are associated with distress and risk for future psychopathology. This study compared facial emotional response to threat and uncertainty between preadolescent girls with ADs, girls with subthreshold-AD symptoms, and controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Facial emotional responding was characterized in preadolescent girls (age 8–11) with a range of anxiety symptoms: no/low anxiety (controls, <i>n</i> = 41), subthreshold-AD (<i>n</i> = 73), and DSM-5 diagnoses of separation, social, and/or generalized ADs (<i>n</i> = 45). A threat anticipation paradigm examined how image valence (negative/neutral) and image anticipation (uncertain/certain timing) impacted activity of the corrugator supercilii, a forehead muscle implicated in the “frown” response that is modulated by emotional stimuli (negative &gt; neutral). Corrugator magnitude and corrugator timecourse were compared between groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings demonstrate greater corrugator activity during anticipation and viewing of negative stimuli, as well as increased corrugator reactivity in subthreshold-AD and AD girls. Timecourse analyses of negative versus neutral stimuli revealed that AD and subthreshold-AD girls had greater uncertainty-related increases in corrugator activity compared to controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results extend the physiological characterization of childhood pathological anxiety, highlighting the impact of subthreshold-AD symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and normative data on the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale RCADS-25 in a Swedish national probability sample of children and adolescents aged 4–17 years","authors":"Anders Carlander,&nbsp;Sophie Cassel,&nbsp;Malin J-Son Höök,&nbsp;Oskar Lundgren,&nbsp;Marie Löf","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mental health problems among children and adolescents are a growing public health concern. Self-report questionnaires are pivotal for screening and early detection of mental health issues. We evaluate the psychometric properties and provide norm data of the 25-item child and 25-item parent-report versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A random probability sample of 29,000 children and adolescents (ages 4–17) from the Swedish population registry was invited. Data collection occurred from September 2021 to January 2022, accompanied by one postal and four SMS reminders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>N</i> = 7045, 48.98% girls) demonstrate that the RCADS-25 possesses relatively sound psychometric properties, albeit that the child-report version assessed with children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years rendered relatively better psychometric properties (e.g., <i>ω</i> = 0.87–0.92, CFI = 0.89) compared with the parent-report version and the children 4 to 7 years old (e.g., <i>ω</i> = 0.72–0.82, CFI = 0.84).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The RCADS-25 instruments may be used as an effective instrument for the initial assessment of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents in Sweden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139557478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental and Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study: Background and Methods","authors":"Heidi Guyer,&nbsp;Heather Ringeisen,&nbsp;Jill Dever,&nbsp;Dan Liao,&nbsp;Andy Peytchev,&nbsp;Christine Carr,&nbsp;Paul Geiger,&nbsp;Leyla Stambaugh,&nbsp;Tim Smith,&nbsp;Lisa Dixon,&nbsp;Mark Olfson,&nbsp;Michael First,&nbsp;Scott Stroup,&nbsp;Lydia Chwastiak,&nbsp;Maria Monroe-Devita,&nbsp;Jeff Swanson,&nbsp;Marvin Swartz,&nbsp;Ronald C. Kessler,&nbsp;Robert Gibbons,&nbsp;Natalie Bareis,&nbsp;Elizabeth Sinclair Hancq,&nbsp;Thomas Clarke,&nbsp;Mark Edlund,&nbsp;the MDPS Consortium","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Mental and Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study (MDPS) builds upon previous epidemiologic studies to provide estimates of prevalence and treatment rates of mental and substance use disorders among adults aged 18–65 in the U.S. The study background and methods are described.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MDPS employed novel techniques such as the inclusion of household, prison, homeless and state psychiatric hospital populations, a semi-structured clinical interview administered by trained clinical interviewers to assess disorders, the assessment of both past year and lifetime schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) using full Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 criteria, as well as other mental and substance use disorders, and video-based interviewing. Population specific and combined sample weights were developed to estimate nationally representative prevalence and treatment rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collection was conducted between October 2020 and October 2022 resulting in 5679 clinical interviews. The statistical weighting and analytic plan are described. Weighted response rates and reasons for non-response are provided for each study population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MDPS successfully developed and employed novel techniques to estimate the prevalence and treatment rates of mental and substance use disorders in both household and non-household populations, including some of the most impairing disorders such as SSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonisation of assessments of attention, social, emotional, and behaviour problems using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire","authors":"Nicole Baumann,&nbsp;Peter J. Anderson,&nbsp;Samantha Johnson,&nbsp;Neil Marlow,&nbsp;Dieter Wolke,&nbsp;Julia Jaekel","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective harmonisation of data obtained through different instruments creates measurement error, even if the underlying concepts are assumed the same. We tested a novel method for item-level data harmonisation of two widely used instruments that measure emotional and behavioural problems: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Item content of the CBCL and SDQ was mapped onto four dimensions: emotional problems, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems. A diverse test sample was drawn from four prospective longitudinal birth cohort studies in Australia and Europe who used one or both instruments. The pooled sample included 5188 data points assessing children and adolescents aged 6–13 years (<i>N</i> = 257–704 participants per cohort). Measurement invariance was assessed using latent variable multi-group confirmatory factor analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifteen items from the CBCL and SDQ were mapped onto four dimensions allowing for measurement invariance testing as part of a stepwise process. Partial strict invariance between CBCL and SDQ assessments was established for all four dimensions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The harmonised dimensions of emotional, peer relationship, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems are invariant across the CBCL and SDQ suggesting that these dimensions can be reliably compared with limited measurement error.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proof-of-concept of a data-driven approach to estimate the associations of comorbid mental and physical disorders with global health-related disability","authors":"Ymkje Anna de Vries,&nbsp;Jordi Alonso,&nbsp;Somnath Chatterji,&nbsp;Peter de Jonge,&nbsp;Joran Lokkerbol,&nbsp;John J. McGrath,&nbsp;Maria V. Petukhova,&nbsp;Nancy A. Sampson,&nbsp;Erik Sverdrup,&nbsp;Daniel V. Vigo,&nbsp;Stefan Wager,&nbsp;Ali Al-Hamzawi,&nbsp;Guilherme Borges,&nbsp;Ronny Bruffaerts,&nbsp;Brendan Bunting,&nbsp;Stephanie Chardoul,&nbsp;Elie G. Karam,&nbsp;Andrzej Kiejna,&nbsp;Viviane Kovess-Masfety,&nbsp;Fernando Navarro-Mateu,&nbsp;Akin Ojagbemi,&nbsp;Marina Piazza,&nbsp;José Posada-Villa,&nbsp;Carmen Sasu,&nbsp;Kate M. Scott,&nbsp;Hisateru Tachimori,&nbsp;Margreet Ten Have,&nbsp;Yolanda Torres,&nbsp;Maria Carmen Viana,&nbsp;Manuel Zamparini,&nbsp;Zahari Zarkov,&nbsp;Ronald C. Kessler,&nbsp;World Mental Health Survey Collaborators","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The standard method of generating disorder-specific disability scores has lay raters make rankings between pairs of disorders based on brief disorder vignettes. This method introduces bias due to differential rater knowledge of disorders and inability to disentangle the disability due to disorders from the disability due to comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose an alternative, data-driven, method of generating disorder-specific disability scores that assesses disorders in a sample of individuals either from population medical registry data or population survey self-reports and uses Generalized Random Forests (GRF) to predict global (rather than disorder-specific) disability assessed by clinician ratings or by survey respondent self-reports. This method also provides a principled basis for studying patterns and predictors of heterogeneity in disorder-specific disability. We illustrate this method by analyzing data for 16 disorders assessed in the World Mental Health Surveys (<i>n</i> = 53,645).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adjustments for comorbidity decreased estimates of disorder-specific disability substantially. Estimates were generally somewhat higher with GRF than conventional multivariable regression models. Heterogeneity was nonsignificant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show clearly that the proposed approach is practical, and that adjustment is needed for comorbidities to obtain accurate estimates of disorder-specific disability. Expansion to a wider range of disorders would likely find more evidence for heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women for DSM-5 and ICD-11: Development and initial validation using a vignette-based approach","authors":"Rebekka Schwesig,&nbsp;Julia Velten,&nbsp;Jürgen Hoyer","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed <i>Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions</i> <i>in</i> <i>Women</i> (DISEX-F), which covers diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 and ICD-11.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two actresses portrayed 32 cases of female sexual dysfunctions (= standardized patients). To calculate inter-rater reliability, each standardized patient was interviewed independently by two trained diagnosticians using the DISEX-F. Interviews were videotaped, and each videotape was evaluated by two other independent diagnosticians. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the assigned diagnoses to the target diagnoses pre-determined in the case vignettes. As a side criterion, the acceptance of the DISEX-F among diagnosticians was assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specificity was found to be generally clinically satisfying (DSM-5: 0.90–0.99; ICD-11: 0.95–0.99), while sensitivity (DSM-5: 0.40–0.92; ICD-11: 0.71–0.96) and inter-rater reliability (DSM-5: Cohen's kappa = 0.44–1; ICD-11: Cohen's kappa = 0.75–0.94) greatly varied between classification systems and disorders. Imprecise acting and false differential diagnostic decisions were identified as major sources of mismatch. The acceptance of the DISEX-F was high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results encourage usage of the DISEX-F for ICD-11 diagnoses. Mixed results were found for DSM-5 diagnoses, which can partly be explained by shortcomings in DSM-5 criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, psychometric evaluation, and factor analysis of an instrument measuring quality of life in autistic preschoolers","authors":"Jérôme Lichtlé,&nbsp;Emmanuel Devouche,&nbsp;Isaora Zefania Dialahy,&nbsp;Aude de Gaulmyn,&nbsp;Anouck Amestoy,&nbsp;Romain Coutelle,&nbsp;Pascale Isnard,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Monestès,&nbsp;Laurent Mottron,&nbsp;Emilie Cappe","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early interventions for autistic children should target their quality of life (QoL) but require adapted measures. The association of a child's temperament and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We constructed an autism module based on a thematic analysis, a Delphi survey with experts, and a pre-test with parents to be completed alongside the proxy version of the PedsQL 4.0. We explored compliance, responsiveness, internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure with 157 parents of autistic preschool children. We examined the association between child and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical ascending classification, and linear regression. Sociodemographic information was collected via multiple choice questions, autism severity via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores, and parental acceptance and child's temperament via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An autism module comprised of 27 items emerged. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a 24-item autism module with good internal consistency and significant convergent validity. ADOS total score was not significantly related to QoL, contrary to children's sleep issues, children's emotionality, and parental acceptance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The autism module is a reliable QoL proxy measure for autistic preschool children. Results suggest parental interventions targeting children's QoL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The three-dimensional community structure of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits captured by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale: An exploratory graph analysis","authors":"Maria Panagiotidi,&nbsp;Orestis Zavlis,&nbsp;Myles Jones,&nbsp;Tom Stafford","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1997","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1997","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To employ a novel analytic method—namely, exploratory graph analysis (EGA)—to subclinical attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) trait scores in order to reveal their dimensional structure, as well as compare EGA's performance with traditional factor-analytic techniques in doing so.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1149 respondents from a survey panel completed the ASRS, a common ADHD scale made up of 18 distinct trait measures. EGA and factor analysis were applied to identify traits which associate with each other.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EGA revealed 3 distinct communities, and ruled out a 2-community structure. This was in contrast to the 2-factor structure suggested by the factor analysis, and the conventional division of ADHD into two subdimensions (hyperactivity and inattention).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dimensional structure of three clusters (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention) may better reflect the traits underlying ADHD. EGA has benefits in terms of both analytic approach and interpretability of findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}