International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics and prediction of risky gambling behaviour study: A study protocol","authors":"Robert Czernecka,&nbsp;Theresa Wirkus,&nbsp;Gerhard Bühringer,&nbsp;Anja Kräplin","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1995","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1995","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study protocol describes the RIGAB study, a prospective case-control-study assessing online sports betting behaviour and underlying risk factors for the development of gambling disorder (GD). It has two aims: (1) to characterise sports bettors concerning putative risk factors and their gambling behaviour, and (2) to predict the development of GD from these factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, online sports bettors took part in an online survey comprising a GD screening (DSM-5), questions on gambling behaviour and on the putative risk factors emotion regulation, impulsivity, comorbidities, stress, and substance use. Participants were reinvited for a 1-year follow-up online survey. In a nested design, a subsample was invited in-person to take part in a cognitive-behavioural task battery and a clinical interview.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the initial 6568 online sports bettors invited, 607 participated at baseline (rate: 9.2%), 325 took part in the 1-year follow-up and 54 participated in the nested in-person assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The RIGAB study combines different fields of GD studies: player tracking data and putative risk factors from self-report and behavioural tasks. The results of this study will support the development of preventive measures for participants of online gambling based on the combined findings from previously rather distinct research fields.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on the special issue: Leveraging measurement to refine developmental perspectives on psychopathology","authors":"Daniel S. Pine","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1996","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1996","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;This Special Issue of International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research highlights developmental perspectives on irritability and related dimensions of psychopathology. The issue's papers (Alam et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Hirsch et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Kirk et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wigg et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins et al., &lt;span&gt;2023a&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;2023b&lt;/span&gt;) extend a solid foundation of research to target questions on pediatric emotional problems and applications of dimensional methods. As such, the papers are fresh and novel while steeped in an important prior history. Papers demonstrate improvements in measurement during the first 5 years of life (Hirsch et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins et al., &lt;span&gt;2023a&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;2023b&lt;/span&gt;) through adolescence (Alam et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Kirk et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), important areas in need of advancement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Infancy and preschool are particularly important years in the life of a child. This reflects, at least partly, research findings suggesting that the seeds of later psychopathology germinate during this developmental period. The Special Issue highlights how some forms of psychopathology first manifest with symptoms of irritability, representing expressions of excessive anger and frustration during blocked goal attainment (Alam et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Hirsch et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). However, irritability can represent normative expressions of emotions. Given the breadth of normative behavior that rapidly changes in the first 5 years, clinicians face difficulty in young children separating extreme but normal variation in irritability from clinically significant symptoms in this domain. The first Special Issue paper (Wigg et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) reviews themes targeted in the other papers, and this Commentary broadly highlights three related major issues: (i) the nature of developmental risk; (ii) measurement challenges in young children, and (iii) relations between early irritability and later psychopathology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Special Issue papers focus heavily on the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales, Temper Loss scale (MAPS-Temper Loss) (Kirk et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). This measure quantifies levels of irritability expressed by children, now extended from age 1 year through adolescence. However, the MAPS-Temper Loss measure arises from a broader series of assessment tools that quantify other aspects of early life psychopathology. This includes low concern for others and aggression. Moreover, other measures in young children quantify aspects of neurodevelopment and learning, based on children's performance on standardized tests. Thus, multiple domains of psychopathology can be quantified in y","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-child agreement on children's psychopathology and the impact of parental depression","authors":"Johanna Löchner,&nbsp;Stephanie Hämmerle,&nbsp;Sarah Ghezih,&nbsp;Kornelija Starman-Wöhrle,&nbsp;Gerd Schulte-Körne,&nbsp;Belinda Platt","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1993","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1993","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parental depression increases children's risk of mental illness and may simultaneously impair the detection of children's symptoms. Here we investigate the nature of parent-child agreement of children's psychopathology in children of parents with current (cMD) versus remitted (rMD) major depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline data from 100 parent-child dyads including healthy children aged 8–17 (<i>M</i> = 11.89, <i>SD</i> = 2.83) and their parents with a history of depression were analysed. The presence of sub-clinical psychopathology (yes/no) in children was assessed using semi-structured diagnostic interviews with child and parent (K-DIPS). Self- (YSR) and parent-report (CBCL) questionnaires were used to measure the severity of symptoms. Parent-child agreement was calculated using Chi-square tests and Cohen's kappa respectively. We compared whether agreement differed between children of parents with cMD (<i>n</i> = 52) versus rMD (<i>n</i> = 48).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the interviews parents more frequently reported sub-clinical child psychopathology than the children themselves (<i>χ</i>² _1,100 = 4.63, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.59). This pattern characterised parents with cMD (<i>χ</i>² _1,52 = 7.99, <i>p</i> = 0.005; <i>κ</i> = 0.582) but not rMD (<i>χ</i>² _1,48 = 000, <i>p</i> = 0.686; <i>κ</i> = −0.010), a difference which was statistically significant (<i>z</i> = 3.14, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.66).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since agreement between parents and children about the severity of children's symptoms was particularly poor in families where parents were currently depressed, parental mental illness should be taken into account when assessing youth psychopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the normal:abnormal spectrum of early childhood internalizing behaviors: A clinical-developmental approach for the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Internalizing Dimensions","authors":"Lauren S. Wakschlag,&nbsp;Phillip Sherlock,&nbsp;Courtney K. Blackwell,&nbsp;James L. Burns,&nbsp;Sheila Krogh-Jespersen,&nbsp;Richard C. Gershon,&nbsp;David Cella,&nbsp;Kristin A. Buss,&nbsp;Joan L. Luby","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1987","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1987","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We expanded the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles (MAPS) Scales developmental specification model to characterize the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing (anxious and depressive) behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-Internalizing (MAPS-INT) scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MAPS-INT item pool was generated based on clinical expertise and prior research. Analyses were conducted on a sub-sample of families (<i>n</i> = 183) from the diverse When to Worry early childhood sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Normal:abnormal descriptive patterns for both anxious and depressive behaviors were consistent with prior work: (1) extremes of normative variation are abnormal when very frequent; and (2) pathognomonic indicators that most children do not engage in and are abnormal, even if infrequent. Factor analysis revealed a two-factor MAPS-INT Anxious Behaviors structure (Fearful-Worried and Separation Distress) and a unidimensional MAPS-INT Depressive Behaviors factor with good fit and good-to-excellent test-retest reliability and validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterized the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-INT. Future research in larger representative samples can replicate and extend findings, including clinical thresholds and predictive utility. The MAPS-INT helps lay the groundwork for dimensional characterization of the internalizing spectrum to advance neurodevelopmental approaches to emergent psychopathology and its earlier identification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the spectrum of irritability in preadolescence: Dimensional and pragmatic applications","authors":"Tasmia Alam,&nbsp;Nathan Kirk,&nbsp;Emily Hirsch,&nbsp;Margaret Briggs-Gowan,&nbsp;Lauren S. Wakschlag,&nbsp;Amy Krain Roy,&nbsp;Jillian Lee Wiggins","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1988","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1988","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Characterize the dimensional spectrum of preadolescent (PA) irritability, a robust transdiagnostic vulnerability marker, using the youth version of the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Temper Loss (MAPS-TL-Youth) scale including common and with developmentally specific items. Based on this, derive and validate a clinically optimized irritability screener to flag psychopathology risk in preadolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The normal:abnormal irritability spectrum was modeled using MAPS-TL-Youth data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (MAPS) Study PA wave (<i>n</i> = 340) via item response theory. Both cross-cutting core items from the MAPS scales and developmentally specific items were used to generate this dimension. Stepwise logistic regression was then used to optimize MAPS-TL-Youth irritability items in relation to Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia impairment to generate a clinically optimized irritability screener. Receiver operator characteristic analysis identified the irritability threshold for the screener. For the first time, youth self-report of their own irritability on the MAPS-TL was also modeled via the MAPS-TL-Youth-Self-Report (MAPS-TL-Youth-SR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irritability was unidimensional and ranged from mild and common to severe and rare behaviors. Developmentally specific items allowed detection of more severe irritability. Items for the screener were identified in relation to concurrent impairment. These included low frustration tolerance and pathognomonic severe behaviors. The clinically optimized screener demonstrated very good sensitively (87%) and specificity (81%) in regard to concurrent irritability-related DSM disorders. Modeling of the MAPS-TL-Youth-SR yielded similar results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Characterizing the normal: abnormal spectrum of irritability in preadolescence advances application of Research Domain Criteria methods to this developmental period. This foundational work yielded two developmentally specified tools for irritability characterization in preadolescence: a nuanced dimensional scale to precisely characterize the full normal-abnormal irritability spectrum, and a pragmatic, clinically optimized screener suitable for real world use. Future application in mechanistic and clinical studies will be important for establishing validity and incremental utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1988","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41156283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young people's future thinking and mental health: The development and validation of the Adolescent Future Thinking Rating Scale","authors":"Peiyao Tang,&nbsp;Edmund Sonuga-Barke,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kostyrka-Allchorne,&nbsp;Jacqueline Phillips-Owen","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1994","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1994","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to develop and validate a new scale of future thinking and adolescent mental health—the <i>Adolescent Future Thinking Rating Scale</i> (AFTRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A provisional AFTRS was developed from interviews with 19 adolescents. It was completed by three samples: exploratory (<i>n</i> = 161) aged 16–21 years, who also completed established measures of future thinking, cognitive risk factors, depression and anxiety; replication (<i>n</i> = 209) aged 16–25 years; and test-retest (<i>n</i> = 102) aged 17–23 years. The reliability, convergent, predictive, and discriminant validity were examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploratory factor analyses identified the AFTRS-18 and AFTRS-12. Both had three sub-scales: (i) <i>Concerns about Maladaptive Future Thinking</i>, (ii) <i>Future Positivity</i>, and (iii) <i>A</i><i>bility to Visualise the Future</i>. Established future thinking measures were combined into two factors: <i>Negative Future Emotions (Cognitive Triad Inventory</i>—<i>View of Future</i> and <i>Beck's Hopelessness Scale</i>) and <i>Immediacy Preference</i> (<i>Consideration of Future Consequences</i> and <i>Quick Delay Questionnaire</i>). The AFTRS-18 and AFTRS-12 were similarly associated with both factors and with depression/anxiety. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The AFTRS-12 and AFTRS-18 are reliable and valid measures of the three key dimensions of adolescent future thinking and mental health. The first subscale remained significant in predicting depression and anxiety after controlling for general cognitive risks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological monitoring of emotional intensity, variability, and instability in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results of a multicentre study","authors":"Cristina Zarbo,&nbsp;Manuel Zamparini,&nbsp;Alessandra Patrono,&nbsp;Cosima Calini,&nbsp;Philip D. Harvey,&nbsp;Letizia Casiraghi,&nbsp;Massimo Clerici,&nbsp;Matteo Malvezzi,&nbsp;Matteo Rocchetti,&nbsp;Fabrizio Starace,&nbsp;Giovanni de Girolamo,&nbsp;DiAPAson Collaborators","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1992","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1992","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluating emotional experiences in the life of people with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) is fundamental for developing interventions aimed at promoting well-being in specific times and contexts. However, little is known about emotional variability in this population. In DiAPAson project, we evaluated between- and within-person differences in emotional intensity, variability, and instability between people with SSD and healthy controls, and the association with psychiatric severity and levels of functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>102 individuals diagnosed with SSD (57 residential patients, 46 outpatients) and 112 healthy controls were thoroughly evaluated. Daily emotions were prospectively assessed with Experience Sampling Method eight times a day for a week. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, correlations, and generalized linear models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants with SSD, and especially residential patients, had a higher intensity of negative emotions when compared to controls. Moreover, all people with SSD reported a greater between-person-variability of both positive and negative emotions and greater intra-variability of negative emotions than healthy controls. In addition, the emotion variability in people with SSD does not follow a linear or quadratic trend but is more “chaotic” if compared to controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adequate assessments of positive and negative emotional experiences and their time course in people with SSD can assist mental health professionals with well-being assessment, implementing targeted interventions through the identification of patterns, triggers, and potential predictors of emotional states.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, stability, and predictive utility of the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Scales clinically optimized irritability score: Pragmatic early assessment of mental disorder risk","authors":"Jillian Lee Wiggins,&nbsp;Ana Ureña Rosario,&nbsp;Leigha A. MacNeill,&nbsp;Sheila Krogh-Jespersen,&nbsp;Margaret Briggs-Gowan,&nbsp;Justin D. Smith,&nbsp;Lauren S. Wakschlag","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1991","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1991","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Characterizing the scope and import of early childhood irritability is essential for real-world actualization of this reliable indicator of transdiagnostic mental health risk. Thus, we utilize pragmatic assessment to establish prevalence, stability, and predictive utility of clinically significant early childhood irritability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data included two independent, diverse community samples of preschool age children (<i>N</i> = 1857; <i>N</i> = 1490), with a subset enriched for risk (<i>N</i> = 425) assessed longitudinally from early childhood through preadolescence (∼4–9 years old). A validated, brief (2-item) scale pragmatically assessed clinically significant irritability. In the longitudinal subsample, clinical interviews assessed internalizing/externalizing disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One in five preschool-age children had clinically significant irritability, which was independently replicated. Irritability was highly stable through preadolescence. Children with versus without clinically significant early childhood irritability had greater odds of early onset, persistent internalizing/externalizing disorders. The pragmatic assessment effectively screened out low-risk children and identified 2/3 of children with early-onset, persistent psychopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinically significant early childhood irritability prevalence is akin to the pediatric obesity epidemic and may warrant similar universal screening/intervention. Also, irritability's stability demonstrates the common guidance “they'll grow out of it” to be false. Finally, pragmatic irritability assessment has transdiagnostic predictive power and addresses a need for feasible measures to flag risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1991","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing earlier transdiagnostic identification of mental health risk: A pragmatic approach at the transition to toddlerhood","authors":"Jillian Lee Wiggins,&nbsp;Ana Ureña Rosario,&nbsp;Yudong Zhang,&nbsp;Leigha MacNeill,&nbsp;Qiongru Yu,&nbsp;Elizabeth Norton,&nbsp;Justin D. Smith,&nbsp;Lauren S. Wakschlag","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1989","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1989","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In light of the youth mental health crisis, as 1 in 5 children have a mental disorder diagnosis by age 3, identification of transdiagnostic behavioral vulnerability prior to impairing psychopathology must occur at an earlier phase of the clinical sequence. Here, we lay the groundwork for a pragmatic irritability measure to identify at-risk infant-toddlers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data comprised <i>N</i> = 350 diverse infant-toddlers and their mothers assessed at ∼14 months old for irritability (Multidimensional Assessment Profiles- Temper Loss-Infant/Toddler (MAPS-TL-IT) and impairment (Early Childhood Irritability-Related Impairment Interview, E-CRI; and Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS). Bimonthly follow-up surveys assessed impairment (FLIS) over the following year.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stepwise logistic regression indicated that 5 MAPS-TL-IT items were most informative for differentiating concurrent impairment on the FLIS: “frustrated about small things”; “hit, bite, or kick during tantrums”; “trouble cheering up when grumpy”; “grumpy during fun activities” and “tantrums in public”. With this summed score, Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis differentiating concurrent impairment on the E-CRI indicated good classification accuracy for (Area under the curve = 0.755, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with a cutoff of 5 maximizing sensitivity (71.4%) and specificity (70.6%). Elevated irritability on this MAPS-TL-IT clinically optimized screener increased likelihood of persistently elevated FLIS impairment trajectories over the following year more than fourfold (OR = 4.37; Confidence intervals = 2.40–7.97, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings represent the first step toward a pragmatic tool for screening for transdiagnostic mental health risk in toddlers, optimized for feasibility in clinical care. This has potential to strengthen resilience pathways via earlier identification of mental health risk and corollary prevention in toddlers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1989","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmentally specified characterization of the irritability spectrum at early school age: Implications for pragmatic mental health screening","authors":"Emily Hirsch,&nbsp;Tasmia Alam,&nbsp;Nathan Kirk,&nbsp;Katherine B. Bevans,&nbsp;Margaret Briggs-Gowan,&nbsp;Lauren S. Wakschlag,&nbsp;Jillian L. Wiggins,&nbsp;Amy K. Roy","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1985","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1985","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developmentally specified measures that identify clinically salient irritability are needed for early school-age youth to meaningfully capture this transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology. Thus, the current study modeled the normal:abnormal irritability spectrum and generated a clinically optimized screening tool for this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The irritability spectrum was modeled via the youth version of the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales—Temper Loss Scale (MAPS-TL-Youth) in children (<i>n</i> = 474; 6.0–8.9 years) using item response theory (IRT). Both cross-cutting core irritability items from the early childhood version and new developmentally specific items were included. Items uniquely associated with impairment were identified and used to derive a brief, clinically optimized irritability screener. Longitudinal data were then utilized to test the predictive utility of this clinically optimized screener in preadolescence (<i>n</i> = 348; 8.0–12.9 years).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most children exhibit irritability regularly, but daily occurrence was rare. Of the top 10 most severe items from the IRT analyses, 9 were from the developmentally specific items added for the MAPS-TL Youth version. Two items associated with concurrent impairment were identified for the clinically optimized irritability screener (“Become frustrated easily” and “Act irritable”). The MAPS-TL-Youth clinically optimized screener demonstrated good sensitivity (69%) and specificity (84%) in relation to concurrent DSM 5 irritability-related diagnoses. Youth with elevated scores on the screener at early school age (ESA) had more than 7x greater odds of irritability-related psychopathology at pre-adolescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MAPS-TL-Youth characterized the developmental spectrum of irritability at ESA and a clinically optimized screener showed promise at predicting psychopathology risk. Rigorous testing of clinical applications is a critical next step.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10243808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}