International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Closing the gaps in mental health epidemiology—New survey data from Qatar","authors":"John J. McGrath","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand mental disorders, we need to describe the patterns of different mental disorders across time and place. There are many different ways to count the frequency of mental disorders (e.g. incidence, 12 months and lifetime prevalence, lifetime morbid risk etc). From a practical perspective, we rely on population-based registers and surveys to enumerate the frequency of mental disorders in the community. Registers can provide a wealth of information, especially if datasets can be linked. However, these registers can be biased. Most registers are designed for administrative needs, and thus often oversample individuals who seek help from health settings or who have more severe disabling disorders. These registers ignore individuals who do not seek help for their mental disorders. To address these biases, community-based surveys provide an important perspective on the mental health of societies (Wang et al., <span>2011</span>). While surveys also have biases (related to participation rates and recall of past events), they allow health planners and researchers to drill down into important topics related to the causes and consequence of mental disorders. From a planning perspective, it is valuable to have data on duration of untreated disorder, the adequacy of treatment and the participants' perspective of the impact of the disorder on their daily life. From a research perspective, it is important to explore potential risk factors that may have caused the disorder. This includes a range of questions related to exposure to childhood adversity, natural disasters, war and civilian conflict, pandemics and other stressors.</p><p>The empirical foundation of mental health epidemiology has been enriched over the last few decades, as more sites have conducted large, well-planned community-based surveys. In particular, the field of psychiatric epidemiology has greatly benefited from the international collaboration under the banner of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys (Scott et al., <span>2018</span>). Design features, survey instruments and analytic strategies have been shared, enhancing workforce skills and enabling, cross-national studies (Kessler et al., <span>2018</span>). For example, in 2007 data were available from a total of 16 countries on key mental health estimates related to age of onset, lifetime prevalence, and cumulative lifetime risk (Kessler et al., <span>2007</span>). Sixteen years later, data from 13 additional countries were available (McGrath et al., <span>2023</span>). The updated study included data from 32 WMH surveys conducted in 29 countries (including 12 low- and middle-income).</p><p>With all these new surveys, it would be fair to ask if we still need additional community-based surveys. The answer is simple—yes. Put bluntly, ‘if you don't count it, it doesn't count’ (McGrath et al., <span>2018</span>). There are still many gaps in the global landscape of mental health epidemiology (Kestel et al., <span>2022</span>; ","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twelve-month prevalence, persistence, severity, and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders in Qatar's national mental health study","authors":"Salma M. Khaled,&nbsp;Sheik Mohammed Al-Thani,&nbsp;Nancy A. Sampson,&nbsp;Ronald C. Kessler,&nbsp;Peter W. Woodruff,&nbsp;Majid Alabdulla","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate 12-month prevalence, persistence, severity, and treatment of mental disorders and socio-demographic correlates in Qatar.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted the first national population-based telephone survey of Arab adults between 2019 and 2022 using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and estimated 12-month DSM-5 mood and anxiety disorders and their persistence (the proportion of lifetime cases who continue to meet 12-month criteria).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 12-month prevalence of any disorder was 21.1% (10.4% mild, 38.7% moderate, and 50.9% severe) and was associated with: younger age, female, previously married, and with persistence of any disorder. Persistence was 74.7% (64.0% mood and 75.6% anxiety) and was significantly associated with secondary education or lower. Minimally adequate treatment received among those with any 12-month mental disorder was 10.6% (74.6% in healthcare and 64.6% non-healthcare sectors). Severity and the number of disorders significantly associated with each other and with treatment received (<i>χ</i>² = 7.24, <i>p = </i>0.027) including adequate treatment within the mental health specialty sector (<i>χ</i>² = 21.42, <i>p &lt; </i>0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multimorbidity and sociodemographics were associated with 12-month mental disorder. Treatment adequacy in Qatar are comparable to high-income countries. Low treatment contact indicate need for population-wide mental health literacy programes in addition to more accessible and effective mental health services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What I see, what you say: How cross-method variation sharpens characterization of irritability in early childhood","authors":"Alyssa J. Parker,&nbsp;Peyton Brock,&nbsp;Maria Kryza-Lacombe,&nbsp;Margaret Briggs-Gowan,&nbsp;Lea R. Dougherty,&nbsp;Lauren S. Wakschlag,&nbsp;Jillian Lee Wiggins","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2019","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identification of clinically significant irritability in preschool age is important to implement effective interventions. However, varying informant and measurement methods display distinct patterns. These patterns are associated with concurrent and future mental health concerns. Patterns across multi-informant methods in early-childhood irritability may have clinical utility, identifying risk for impaired psychosocial functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (<i>N</i> = 425), latent profile analysis identified irritability patterns through the parent-reported Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales–Temper Loss (MAPS-TL), parent-reported interviewer-rated Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA), and observer-rated Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule (DB-DOS). These profiles were characterized on protective factors, global functioning, and mental health syndromes, concurrently and at early school age and preadolescent follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fit indices favored a five-class model: Low All, High Observation with Examiner (high DB-DOS Examiner Context), High All, High Parent Report (high MAPS-TL/PAPA), and Very High Parent Report (very high MAPS-TL/PAPA). Whereas Low All and High Observation with Examiner exhibited strong psychosocial functioning, remaining profiles showed impaired psychosocial functioning, with the Very High Parent Report group showing higher impairment at follow-ups, <i>d</i>s = 0.37–1.25.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multi-informant measurements of irritability may have utility for clinical prediction, and future studies should test utility for diagnostic precision.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing gambling disorder using frequency- and time-based response options: A Rasch analysis of the gambling disorder identification test","authors":"Olof Molander,&nbsp;Peter Wennberg,&nbsp;Nicki A. Dowling,&nbsp;Anne H. Berman","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Gambling Disorder Identification Test (GDIT) is a recently developed self-report measure. The GDIT includes items with multiple response options that are either based on frequency or time, and item response theory evaluations of these could yield vital knowledge on its measurement performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The GDIT was evaluated using Rasch analysis in a study involving 597 Swedish gamblers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a three-dimensional Rasch model, the item response difficulty range extended from −1.88 to 4.06 and increased with higher time- and frequency-based responses. Differential item functioning showed that some GDIT items displayed age and gender-related differences. Additionally, person-separation reliability indicated the GDIT could reliably be divided into three to four diagnostic levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequency- and time-based item response options of the GDIT offer excellent measurement, allowing for elaborate assessment across both lower and higher gambling severity. The GDIT can be used to detect DSM-5 Gambling Disorder, thereby holding significance from both epidemiological and clinical standpoints. Notably, the 3-item GDIT Gambling Behavior subscale also shows potential as a brief screening tool for identifying at-risk gambling behavior.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the psychometric properties of PaRCADS—Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in a Norwegian sample","authors":"Kristin Ytreland,&nbsp;Jo Magne Ingul,&nbsp;Stian Lydersen,&nbsp;Marie Bee Hui Yap,&nbsp;Wan Hua Sim,&nbsp;Anne Mari Sund,&nbsp;Elisabeth Valmyr Bania","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents play a pivotal role in child development and several parental factors have been identified as risk or protective factors for childhood anxiety and depression. To assess and target these parental factors in interventions, there is a need for a comprehensive, easy-to-use instrument.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, PaRCADS(N) in a Norwegian community sample (<i>N</i> = 163) of parents of children aged 8–12 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that PaRCADS(N) has acceptable psychometric properties. These results are comparable to those of the original study of the PaRCADS in Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on these results, we recommend that PaRCADS(N) can be utilized by health care workers as a tool for assessment and identification of parental practices related to child anxiety and/or depression to target relevant risk and protective factors in treatment and prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness and tolerability of trauma-focused psychotherapies for psychotic symptoms: A systematic review of trauma-focused psychotherapies","authors":"Jordan Reid,&nbsp;Charles Cole,&nbsp;Nabeela Malik,&nbsp;Vaughan Bell,&nbsp;Michael Bloomfield","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychological trauma is an established risk factor for psychosis. Trauma-focused psychotherapies (TFPT) have been suggested as a potential treatment for reducing psychotic symptoms in those who have experienced trauma. We therefore sought to investigate the effectiveness, tolerability, and acceptability of TFPT for psychotic symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic review of studies of any form of TFPT that measured psychotic symptoms across a broad range of diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2584 papers initially identified, 17 studies (857 participants) met eligibility criteria. TFPT were found to be well tolerated, with very few adverse events. Acceptability was also high, with a mean dropout rate of 20%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whilst the evidence of effectiveness for TFPT in reducing psychotic symptoms is weak, we found tentative evidence in favour of exposure-based interventions. Methodologically rigorous trials investigating the efficacy of TFPT for the treatment of psychotic symptoms are needed to assess this promising intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometrics of rating scales for externalizing disorders in Japanese outpatients: The ADHD-Rating Scale-5 and the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale","authors":"Saeko Ishibashi,&nbsp;Takeshi Nishiyama,&nbsp;Takuya Makino,&nbsp;Futoshi Suzuki,&nbsp;Shoko Shimada,&nbsp;Shinji Tomari,&nbsp;Eiji Imanari,&nbsp;Takuma Higashi,&nbsp;Shintaro Fukumoto,&nbsp;Sawa Kurata,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Mizuno,&nbsp;Takeshi Morimoto,&nbsp;Hidetaka Nakamichi,&nbsp;Tomoko Iida,&nbsp;Kei Ohashi,&nbsp;Atsurou Yamada,&nbsp;Takuma Kimura,&nbsp;Yukiko Kuru,&nbsp;Satoshi Sumi,&nbsp;Yasuo Tanaka,&nbsp;Kazuya Ono,&nbsp;Hironobu Ichikawa,&nbsp;George J. DuPaul,&nbsp;Hirotaka Kosaka","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study validated the Japanese version of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Rating Scale-5 (ADHD-RS-5) and the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale. We extended the ADHD-RS-5 by adding the oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder subscales to compare the two rating scales psychometrically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity and criterion validity of the two rating scales in 135 Japanese outpatients aged 6–18 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good for all the subscales of the two rating scales except for the conduct disorder subscale of the ADHD-RS-5 extended. Good construct validity was revealed by expected correlational patterns between subscales from the two rating scales and the Children Behavior Checklist. The criterion validity was good for all the subscales of the two rating scales rated by parents, while teacher-ratings revealed substantially lower predictive ability for all the subscales. Agreement between parent- and teacher-ratings of the two rating scales was generally moderate and using predictive ratings alone of both ratings showed the best predictive ability among the integration methods examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The two rating scales have sound psychometric properties and will aid in screening and severity assessment of externalizing disorders in Japanese clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New users of anxiolytics and sedatives in Sweden—Drug type, doses, prescribers' characteristics, and psychiatric comorbidity in more than 750,000 patients","authors":"Elin Dahlén,&nbsp;Carola Bardage,&nbsp;Paulina Tuvendal,&nbsp;Rickard Ljung","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1998","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1998","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anxiety and sleep disorders are common in the population and anxiolytics and sedatives are widely used. Our aim was to describe the drug utilization of new users of anxiolytics and sedatives in adults including type of drug, doses, prescribers' characteristics, and psychiatric comorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A register-based cohort study of new users (18–64 years) of anxiolytics and sedatives in 2015–2019, free of any such drug 5 years prior to inclusion. The individuals were linked to national registers on dispensed drugs and recorded diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 764,432 new users of anxiolytics and sedatives were identified, which corresponds to an incidence of 26/1000 inhabitants and year. The proportion of new users of benzodiazepines (including both anxiolytics and sedatives) decreased, whereas the proportion of sedative antihistamines and melatonin increased. The most common drug dispensed was hydroxizin (33%) followed by benzodiazepine related drugs (zopiclone and zolpidem; 20%), propiomazine (14%) and benzodiazepines (13%). The majority (68%) of the prescriptions were from primary care. Most new users were prescribed 1–30DDDs and 52% among women and 49% among men were dispensed their drug only once during the first year. Half of the new users had a previous comorbid psychiatric disorder.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings are well reflecting the recommendations in national guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1998","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heightened facial muscle reactivity in preadolescent girls with pathological anxiety","authors":"Joshua R. Cruz,&nbsp;Amy Cochran,&nbsp;Daniel R. McFarlin,&nbsp;Lisa E. Williams,&nbsp;Ned H. Kalin","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anticipatory anxiety and heightened responses to uncertainty are central features of anxiety disorders (ADs) that contribute to clinical impairment. Anxiety symptoms typically emerge during childhood, and even subthreshold-AD symptoms are associated with distress and risk for future psychopathology. This study compared facial emotional response to threat and uncertainty between preadolescent girls with ADs, girls with subthreshold-AD symptoms, and controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Facial emotional responding was characterized in preadolescent girls (age 8–11) with a range of anxiety symptoms: no/low anxiety (controls, <i>n</i> = 41), subthreshold-AD (<i>n</i> = 73), and DSM-5 diagnoses of separation, social, and/or generalized ADs (<i>n</i> = 45). A threat anticipation paradigm examined how image valence (negative/neutral) and image anticipation (uncertain/certain timing) impacted activity of the corrugator supercilii, a forehead muscle implicated in the “frown” response that is modulated by emotional stimuli (negative &gt; neutral). Corrugator magnitude and corrugator timecourse were compared between groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings demonstrate greater corrugator activity during anticipation and viewing of negative stimuli, as well as increased corrugator reactivity in subthreshold-AD and AD girls. Timecourse analyses of negative versus neutral stimuli revealed that AD and subthreshold-AD girls had greater uncertainty-related increases in corrugator activity compared to controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results extend the physiological characterization of childhood pathological anxiety, highlighting the impact of subthreshold-AD symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and normative data on the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale RCADS-25 in a Swedish national probability sample of children and adolescents aged 4–17 years","authors":"Anders Carlander,&nbsp;Sophie Cassel,&nbsp;Malin J-Son Höök,&nbsp;Oskar Lundgren,&nbsp;Marie Löf","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mental health problems among children and adolescents are a growing public health concern. Self-report questionnaires are pivotal for screening and early detection of mental health issues. We evaluate the psychometric properties and provide norm data of the 25-item child and 25-item parent-report versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A random probability sample of 29,000 children and adolescents (ages 4–17) from the Swedish population registry was invited. Data collection occurred from September 2021 to January 2022, accompanied by one postal and four SMS reminders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>N</i> = 7045, 48.98% girls) demonstrate that the RCADS-25 possesses relatively sound psychometric properties, albeit that the child-report version assessed with children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years rendered relatively better psychometric properties (e.g., <i>ω</i> = 0.87–0.92, CFI = 0.89) compared with the parent-report version and the children 4 to 7 years old (e.g., <i>ω</i> = 0.72–0.82, CFI = 0.84).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The RCADS-25 instruments may be used as an effective instrument for the initial assessment of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents in Sweden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139557478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}