International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Proof-of-concept of a data-driven approach to estimate the associations of comorbid mental and physical disorders with global health-related disability","authors":"Ymkje Anna de Vries,&nbsp;Jordi Alonso,&nbsp;Somnath Chatterji,&nbsp;Peter de Jonge,&nbsp;Joran Lokkerbol,&nbsp;John J. McGrath,&nbsp;Maria V. Petukhova,&nbsp;Nancy A. Sampson,&nbsp;Erik Sverdrup,&nbsp;Daniel V. Vigo,&nbsp;Stefan Wager,&nbsp;Ali Al-Hamzawi,&nbsp;Guilherme Borges,&nbsp;Ronny Bruffaerts,&nbsp;Brendan Bunting,&nbsp;Stephanie Chardoul,&nbsp;Elie G. Karam,&nbsp;Andrzej Kiejna,&nbsp;Viviane Kovess-Masfety,&nbsp;Fernando Navarro-Mateu,&nbsp;Akin Ojagbemi,&nbsp;Marina Piazza,&nbsp;José Posada-Villa,&nbsp;Carmen Sasu,&nbsp;Kate M. Scott,&nbsp;Hisateru Tachimori,&nbsp;Margreet Ten Have,&nbsp;Yolanda Torres,&nbsp;Maria Carmen Viana,&nbsp;Manuel Zamparini,&nbsp;Zahari Zarkov,&nbsp;Ronald C. Kessler,&nbsp;World Mental Health Survey Collaborators","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The standard method of generating disorder-specific disability scores has lay raters make rankings between pairs of disorders based on brief disorder vignettes. This method introduces bias due to differential rater knowledge of disorders and inability to disentangle the disability due to disorders from the disability due to comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose an alternative, data-driven, method of generating disorder-specific disability scores that assesses disorders in a sample of individuals either from population medical registry data or population survey self-reports and uses Generalized Random Forests (GRF) to predict global (rather than disorder-specific) disability assessed by clinician ratings or by survey respondent self-reports. This method also provides a principled basis for studying patterns and predictors of heterogeneity in disorder-specific disability. We illustrate this method by analyzing data for 16 disorders assessed in the World Mental Health Surveys (<i>n</i> = 53,645).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adjustments for comorbidity decreased estimates of disorder-specific disability substantially. Estimates were generally somewhat higher with GRF than conventional multivariable regression models. Heterogeneity was nonsignificant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show clearly that the proposed approach is practical, and that adjustment is needed for comorbidities to obtain accurate estimates of disorder-specific disability. Expansion to a wider range of disorders would likely find more evidence for heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women for DSM-5 and ICD-11: Development and initial validation using a vignette-based approach","authors":"Rebekka Schwesig,&nbsp;Julia Velten,&nbsp;Jürgen Hoyer","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed <i>Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions</i> <i>in</i> <i>Women</i> (DISEX-F), which covers diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 and ICD-11.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two actresses portrayed 32 cases of female sexual dysfunctions (= standardized patients). To calculate inter-rater reliability, each standardized patient was interviewed independently by two trained diagnosticians using the DISEX-F. Interviews were videotaped, and each videotape was evaluated by two other independent diagnosticians. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the assigned diagnoses to the target diagnoses pre-determined in the case vignettes. As a side criterion, the acceptance of the DISEX-F among diagnosticians was assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specificity was found to be generally clinically satisfying (DSM-5: 0.90–0.99; ICD-11: 0.95–0.99), while sensitivity (DSM-5: 0.40–0.92; ICD-11: 0.71–0.96) and inter-rater reliability (DSM-5: Cohen's kappa = 0.44–1; ICD-11: Cohen's kappa = 0.75–0.94) greatly varied between classification systems and disorders. Imprecise acting and false differential diagnostic decisions were identified as major sources of mismatch. The acceptance of the DISEX-F was high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results encourage usage of the DISEX-F for ICD-11 diagnoses. Mixed results were found for DSM-5 diagnoses, which can partly be explained by shortcomings in DSM-5 criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, psychometric evaluation, and factor analysis of an instrument measuring quality of life in autistic preschoolers","authors":"Jérôme Lichtlé,&nbsp;Emmanuel Devouche,&nbsp;Isaora Zefania Dialahy,&nbsp;Aude de Gaulmyn,&nbsp;Anouck Amestoy,&nbsp;Romain Coutelle,&nbsp;Pascale Isnard,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Monestès,&nbsp;Laurent Mottron,&nbsp;Emilie Cappe","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early interventions for autistic children should target their quality of life (QoL) but require adapted measures. The association of a child's temperament and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We constructed an autism module based on a thematic analysis, a Delphi survey with experts, and a pre-test with parents to be completed alongside the proxy version of the PedsQL 4.0. We explored compliance, responsiveness, internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure with 157 parents of autistic preschool children. We examined the association between child and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical ascending classification, and linear regression. Sociodemographic information was collected via multiple choice questions, autism severity via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores, and parental acceptance and child's temperament via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An autism module comprised of 27 items emerged. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a 24-item autism module with good internal consistency and significant convergent validity. ADOS total score was not significantly related to QoL, contrary to children's sleep issues, children's emotionality, and parental acceptance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The autism module is a reliable QoL proxy measure for autistic preschool children. Results suggest parental interventions targeting children's QoL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The three-dimensional community structure of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits captured by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale: An exploratory graph analysis","authors":"Maria Panagiotidi,&nbsp;Orestis Zavlis,&nbsp;Myles Jones,&nbsp;Tom Stafford","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1997","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1997","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To employ a novel analytic method—namely, exploratory graph analysis (EGA)—to subclinical attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) trait scores in order to reveal their dimensional structure, as well as compare EGA's performance with traditional factor-analytic techniques in doing so.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1149 respondents from a survey panel completed the ASRS, a common ADHD scale made up of 18 distinct trait measures. EGA and factor analysis were applied to identify traits which associate with each other.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EGA revealed 3 distinct communities, and ruled out a 2-community structure. This was in contrast to the 2-factor structure suggested by the factor analysis, and the conventional division of ADHD into two subdimensions (hyperactivity and inattention).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dimensional structure of three clusters (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention) may better reflect the traits underlying ADHD. EGA has benefits in terms of both analytic approach and interpretability of findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and prediction of risky gambling behaviour study: A study protocol","authors":"Robert Czernecka,&nbsp;Theresa Wirkus,&nbsp;Gerhard Bühringer,&nbsp;Anja Kräplin","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1995","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1995","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study protocol describes the RIGAB study, a prospective case-control-study assessing online sports betting behaviour and underlying risk factors for the development of gambling disorder (GD). It has two aims: (1) to characterise sports bettors concerning putative risk factors and their gambling behaviour, and (2) to predict the development of GD from these factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, online sports bettors took part in an online survey comprising a GD screening (DSM-5), questions on gambling behaviour and on the putative risk factors emotion regulation, impulsivity, comorbidities, stress, and substance use. Participants were reinvited for a 1-year follow-up online survey. In a nested design, a subsample was invited in-person to take part in a cognitive-behavioural task battery and a clinical interview.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the initial 6568 online sports bettors invited, 607 participated at baseline (rate: 9.2%), 325 took part in the 1-year follow-up and 54 participated in the nested in-person assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The RIGAB study combines different fields of GD studies: player tracking data and putative risk factors from self-report and behavioural tasks. The results of this study will support the development of preventive measures for participants of online gambling based on the combined findings from previously rather distinct research fields.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on the special issue: Leveraging measurement to refine developmental perspectives on psychopathology","authors":"Daniel S. Pine","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1996","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1996","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;This Special Issue of International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research highlights developmental perspectives on irritability and related dimensions of psychopathology. The issue's papers (Alam et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Hirsch et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Kirk et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wigg et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins et al., &lt;span&gt;2023a&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;2023b&lt;/span&gt;) extend a solid foundation of research to target questions on pediatric emotional problems and applications of dimensional methods. As such, the papers are fresh and novel while steeped in an important prior history. Papers demonstrate improvements in measurement during the first 5 years of life (Hirsch et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins et al., &lt;span&gt;2023a&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;2023b&lt;/span&gt;) through adolescence (Alam et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Kirk et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), important areas in need of advancement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Infancy and preschool are particularly important years in the life of a child. This reflects, at least partly, research findings suggesting that the seeds of later psychopathology germinate during this developmental period. The Special Issue highlights how some forms of psychopathology first manifest with symptoms of irritability, representing expressions of excessive anger and frustration during blocked goal attainment (Alam et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Hirsch et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). However, irritability can represent normative expressions of emotions. Given the breadth of normative behavior that rapidly changes in the first 5 years, clinicians face difficulty in young children separating extreme but normal variation in irritability from clinically significant symptoms in this domain. The first Special Issue paper (Wigg et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) reviews themes targeted in the other papers, and this Commentary broadly highlights three related major issues: (i) the nature of developmental risk; (ii) measurement challenges in young children, and (iii) relations between early irritability and later psychopathology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Special Issue papers focus heavily on the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales, Temper Loss scale (MAPS-Temper Loss) (Kirk et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wakschlag et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). This measure quantifies levels of irritability expressed by children, now extended from age 1 year through adolescence. However, the MAPS-Temper Loss measure arises from a broader series of assessment tools that quantify other aspects of early life psychopathology. This includes low concern for others and aggression. Moreover, other measures in young children quantify aspects of neurodevelopment and learning, based on children's performance on standardized tests. Thus, multiple domains of psychopathology can be quantified in y","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-child agreement on children's psychopathology and the impact of parental depression","authors":"Johanna Löchner,&nbsp;Stephanie Hämmerle,&nbsp;Sarah Ghezih,&nbsp;Kornelija Starman-Wöhrle,&nbsp;Gerd Schulte-Körne,&nbsp;Belinda Platt","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1993","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1993","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parental depression increases children's risk of mental illness and may simultaneously impair the detection of children's symptoms. Here we investigate the nature of parent-child agreement of children's psychopathology in children of parents with current (cMD) versus remitted (rMD) major depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline data from 100 parent-child dyads including healthy children aged 8–17 (<i>M</i> = 11.89, <i>SD</i> = 2.83) and their parents with a history of depression were analysed. The presence of sub-clinical psychopathology (yes/no) in children was assessed using semi-structured diagnostic interviews with child and parent (K-DIPS). Self- (YSR) and parent-report (CBCL) questionnaires were used to measure the severity of symptoms. Parent-child agreement was calculated using Chi-square tests and Cohen's kappa respectively. We compared whether agreement differed between children of parents with cMD (<i>n</i> = 52) versus rMD (<i>n</i> = 48).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the interviews parents more frequently reported sub-clinical child psychopathology than the children themselves (<i>χ</i>² _1,100 = 4.63, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.59). This pattern characterised parents with cMD (<i>χ</i>² _1,52 = 7.99, <i>p</i> = 0.005; <i>κ</i> = 0.582) but not rMD (<i>χ</i>² _1,48 = 000, <i>p</i> = 0.686; <i>κ</i> = −0.010), a difference which was statistically significant (<i>z</i> = 3.14, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.66).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since agreement between parents and children about the severity of children's symptoms was particularly poor in families where parents were currently depressed, parental mental illness should be taken into account when assessing youth psychopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the normal:abnormal spectrum of early childhood internalizing behaviors: A clinical-developmental approach for the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Internalizing Dimensions","authors":"Lauren S. Wakschlag,&nbsp;Phillip Sherlock,&nbsp;Courtney K. Blackwell,&nbsp;James L. Burns,&nbsp;Sheila Krogh-Jespersen,&nbsp;Richard C. Gershon,&nbsp;David Cella,&nbsp;Kristin A. Buss,&nbsp;Joan L. Luby","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1987","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1987","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We expanded the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles (MAPS) Scales developmental specification model to characterize the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing (anxious and depressive) behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-Internalizing (MAPS-INT) scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MAPS-INT item pool was generated based on clinical expertise and prior research. Analyses were conducted on a sub-sample of families (<i>n</i> = 183) from the diverse When to Worry early childhood sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Normal:abnormal descriptive patterns for both anxious and depressive behaviors were consistent with prior work: (1) extremes of normative variation are abnormal when very frequent; and (2) pathognomonic indicators that most children do not engage in and are abnormal, even if infrequent. Factor analysis revealed a two-factor MAPS-INT Anxious Behaviors structure (Fearful-Worried and Separation Distress) and a unidimensional MAPS-INT Depressive Behaviors factor with good fit and good-to-excellent test-retest reliability and validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterized the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-INT. Future research in larger representative samples can replicate and extend findings, including clinical thresholds and predictive utility. The MAPS-INT helps lay the groundwork for dimensional characterization of the internalizing spectrum to advance neurodevelopmental approaches to emergent psychopathology and its earlier identification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the spectrum of irritability in preadolescence: Dimensional and pragmatic applications","authors":"Tasmia Alam,&nbsp;Nathan Kirk,&nbsp;Emily Hirsch,&nbsp;Margaret Briggs-Gowan,&nbsp;Lauren S. Wakschlag,&nbsp;Amy Krain Roy,&nbsp;Jillian Lee Wiggins","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1988","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1988","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Characterize the dimensional spectrum of preadolescent (PA) irritability, a robust transdiagnostic vulnerability marker, using the youth version of the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Temper Loss (MAPS-TL-Youth) scale including common and with developmentally specific items. Based on this, derive and validate a clinically optimized irritability screener to flag psychopathology risk in preadolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The normal:abnormal irritability spectrum was modeled using MAPS-TL-Youth data from the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschoolers Study (MAPS) Study PA wave (<i>n</i> = 340) via item response theory. Both cross-cutting core items from the MAPS scales and developmentally specific items were used to generate this dimension. Stepwise logistic regression was then used to optimize MAPS-TL-Youth irritability items in relation to Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia impairment to generate a clinically optimized irritability screener. Receiver operator characteristic analysis identified the irritability threshold for the screener. For the first time, youth self-report of their own irritability on the MAPS-TL was also modeled via the MAPS-TL-Youth-Self-Report (MAPS-TL-Youth-SR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irritability was unidimensional and ranged from mild and common to severe and rare behaviors. Developmentally specific items allowed detection of more severe irritability. Items for the screener were identified in relation to concurrent impairment. These included low frustration tolerance and pathognomonic severe behaviors. The clinically optimized screener demonstrated very good sensitively (87%) and specificity (81%) in regard to concurrent irritability-related DSM disorders. Modeling of the MAPS-TL-Youth-SR yielded similar results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Characterizing the normal: abnormal spectrum of irritability in preadolescence advances application of Research Domain Criteria methods to this developmental period. This foundational work yielded two developmentally specified tools for irritability characterization in preadolescence: a nuanced dimensional scale to precisely characterize the full normal-abnormal irritability spectrum, and a pragmatic, clinically optimized screener suitable for real world use. Future application in mechanistic and clinical studies will be important for establishing validity and incremental utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1988","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41156283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young people's future thinking and mental health: The development and validation of the Adolescent Future Thinking Rating Scale","authors":"Peiyao Tang,&nbsp;Edmund Sonuga-Barke,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kostyrka-Allchorne,&nbsp;Jacqueline Phillips-Owen","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1994","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1994","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to develop and validate a new scale of future thinking and adolescent mental health—the <i>Adolescent Future Thinking Rating Scale</i> (AFTRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A provisional AFTRS was developed from interviews with 19 adolescents. It was completed by three samples: exploratory (<i>n</i> = 161) aged 16–21 years, who also completed established measures of future thinking, cognitive risk factors, depression and anxiety; replication (<i>n</i> = 209) aged 16–25 years; and test-retest (<i>n</i> = 102) aged 17–23 years. The reliability, convergent, predictive, and discriminant validity were examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploratory factor analyses identified the AFTRS-18 and AFTRS-12. Both had three sub-scales: (i) <i>Concerns about Maladaptive Future Thinking</i>, (ii) <i>Future Positivity</i>, and (iii) <i>A</i><i>bility to Visualise the Future</i>. Established future thinking measures were combined into two factors: <i>Negative Future Emotions (Cognitive Triad Inventory</i>—<i>View of Future</i> and <i>Beck's Hopelessness Scale</i>) and <i>Immediacy Preference</i> (<i>Consideration of Future Consequences</i> and <i>Quick Delay Questionnaire</i>). The AFTRS-18 and AFTRS-12 were similarly associated with both factors and with depression/anxiety. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The AFTRS-12 and AFTRS-18 are reliable and valid measures of the three key dimensions of adolescent future thinking and mental health. The first subscale remained significant in predicting depression and anxiety after controlling for general cognitive risks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}