International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"An Explainable Self-Supervised Temporal Transformer for Participant-Level Classification of Depressive Symptoms From Resting-State EEG","authors":"Pushpamala Ramaiah, Ibtesam Nomani, Hayam Ibrahim Asfour, Mirza R. Baig, Maksudjan Yuldashev, Ibrokhim Sapaev, Zein Bassam Bani Younes, Sumit Sharma, Mahesh Manchanda, Mohamad Ahmad Saleem Khasawneh, Majid S. Jabir","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a promising non-invasive modality for investigating depressive symptoms; however, conventional deep-learning methods often require large labeled datasets and provide limited interpretability. We developed an Explainable Self-Supervised Temporal Transformer Network for participant-level classification of BDI-defined elevated depressive symptoms from resting-state EEG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The framework employed masked temporal modeling for self-supervised pretraining followed by supervised fine-tuning. Model performance was evaluated using repeated nested participant-wise cross-validation and compared with conventional machine-learning and deep-learning baselines. Explainability was investigated through transformer attention maps and SHAP-based channel attribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed model achieved a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73–0.90), a precision–recall AUC of 0.69, balanced accuracy of 0.75, sensitivity of 0.72, and specificity of 0.78. The positive predictive value was 0.57, indicating a substantial false-positive burden in the evaluated cohort. The proposed model showed the highest point-estimate ROC-AUC among the evaluated baselines, with a 0.07 improvement over EEGNet; however, the overlapping uncertainty intervals and the small elevated-symptom cohort warrant cautious interpretation of comparative superiority. Performance decreased from an ROC-AUC of 0.82 in Run 1 to 0.78 in Run 2 and to 0.72–0.73 under cross-condition transfer, supporting interpretation of these analyses as internal reproducibility and condition-shift assessments rather than independent external validation. Removing self-supervised pretraining reduced the ROC-AUC to 0.74. Explainability analyses identified distributed temporally relevant intervals and frontal-midline to centro-parietal channel contributions, with attribution interpreted as model-relevance evidence rather than causal biomarker evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the findings provide preliminary internal evidence that self-supervised temporal representation learning can support participant-level classification of BDI-defined elevated depressive symptoms from resting-state EEG under the evaluated experimental conditions. The findings do not establish clinical diagnostic validity, screening readiness, or independent external generalizability.</p>\u0000 </","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Stroke Depression and Determinants in Ethiopia; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Getanew Kegne Nigatie,&nbsp;Berhanu Wale Yirdaw,&nbsp;Getaw Wubie Assefa,&nbsp;Worku Chekol Tassew","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post stroke depression is a critical barrier to recovery and rehabilitation, contributing to a higher risk of severe disability, cognitive and functional decline, greater dependence on daily activities, and poor adherence to treatment. Additionally, post-stroke depression is a leading cause of death globally. The prevalence of PSD varies significantly depending on the type of study and screening methods used. However, it remains poorly understood and inadequately explored in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. To identify the key determinants of PSD, conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis is crucial and relevant to current clinical practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conducting this review, the International Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was used. This review focused on studies examining the prevalence of post-stroke depression and its determinants in Ethiopia. Two authors conducted electronic searches in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journals Online Library, with the search period extending until April 8, 2024. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA version 11 software for analysis. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed by Cochran's Q test and I² statistics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis included the final eight studies. The pooled prevalence of post stroke depression was 40.9% (95% CI: 26.52–55.28, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The analysis revealed significant heterogeneity among the included studies (I² = 91.1%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Being female (OR 3.51, 95% CI: 1.87–6.58), being illiterate (OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.29–3.17), and being over 40 years old (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.32) were determinants of post stroke depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the current review, post stroke depression is highly prevalent in Ethiopia. Being female, being illiterate and being over 40 years old were factors associated with post stroke depression. Therefore, attention should be given to strengthening social support; health professionals should focus on reducing disability/physical dependency and depression, as these are vital factors for improving quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights About the Psychometric Properties of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale","authors":"Samuel Vieira Pinho Neto,&nbsp;Erivan de Olivindo Cavalcante,&nbsp;Mariana Alves Leão,&nbsp;Alexandre Menezes Sampaio,&nbsp;Matias Carvalho Aguiar Melo,&nbsp;Paulo Rodrigues Nunes Neto","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the psychometric properties of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) in a sample from Northeast Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study of 303 participants with depressive disorders assessed using the MINI 7.02, MADRS, GAD-7, and ASSIST 3.0. We evaluated reliability, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, and diagnostic accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regarding reliability, the instrument demonstrated robust internal consistency, supported by strong Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients. In terms of construct validity, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) indicated a single-factor solution, while the H-index supported a replicable latent structure. However, formal assessments of closeness to unidimensionality suggested that the scale is not strictly unidimensional. For convergent and discriminant validity, correlational analyses showed a moderate association with anxiety symptoms and weak associations with substance use measures, respectively. Regarding accuracy, ROC curve analysis indicated that a cutoff score of 9 is useful for screening, whereas 18 may better identify a depressive episode.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the MADRS remains a valuable tool, structural refinements could further enhance its psychometric performance across distinct clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Ghrelin Levels and Depressive Symptoms is Moderated by Smoking: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Yueling Hu,&nbsp;Lingling Chen,&nbsp;Chunshui Yu,&nbsp;Yu-Hsin Chen,&nbsp;Xingguang Luo,&nbsp;Yimin Kang,&nbsp;Li Chen,&nbsp;Yanlong Liu,&nbsp;Jue He,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Zengzeng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Smoking has been linked to both peripheral ghrelin levels and depressive symptoms. However, the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ghrelin levels and depressive symptoms, and the moderating role of smoking, remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the specific relationship among the three categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case-control study, we examined the association between smoking, depressive symptoms, and CSF ghrelin levels in 173 adult male volunteers (94 non-smokers and 79 active smokers). Demographic data, clinical parameters, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) scores were assessed, and CSF ghrelin levels were measured. Statistical analyses, including the Mann-Whitney rank-sum test, Spearman correlation, and linear regression, were used to explore the relationships among these variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Active smokers had significantly higher BDI scores (3.57 ± 4.74 vs. 1.44 ± 2.33, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and lower CSF ghrelin levels (1201.99 ± 145.97 vs. 1563.61 ± 153.3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) compared with non-smokers. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative association between CSF ghrelin levels and BDI scores (<i>r</i> = −0.197, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Smoking was positively correlated with BDI scores (<i>r</i> = 0.332, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and negatively correlated with CSF ghrelin levels (<i>r</i> = −0.780, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Moderation analysis further indicated that smoking significantly moderated the association between CSF ghrelin levels and depressive symptoms (Smoking × CSF ghrelin: <i>p</i> = 0.047).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CSF ghrelin levels are associated with depressive symptoms. A significant negative correlation exists between CSF ghrelin levels and smoking, and smoking appears to moderate the association between CSF ghrelin and depressive symptoms. These findings provide potential insights into the pre-clinical mechanisms of depression and early prevention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149117896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Validation of the Italian 8-Item Green Paranoid Thoughts Scale (GPTS-8)","authors":"Antonio Preti,&nbsp;Carmelo Masala,&nbsp;Donatella Rita Petretto","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paranoid ideation ranges from mild social-evaluative concerns to persecutory beliefs. The eight-item Green Paranoid Thoughts Scale (GPTS-8) provides a brief assessment of this continuum through reference and persecution items.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the GPTS-8, including its factorial structure, reliability, and convergent validity, in a non-clinical university sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>243 university students completed the Italian GPTS-8 and the Prodromal Questionnaire–Brief (PQ-B). Confirmatory factor analyses compared unidimensional, two-factor, bifactor, and second-order models using maximum likelihood estimation with robust standard errors. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's <i>α</i> and McDonald's ω, and item-level contributions to the general factor were examined using bifactor indices (ECV, ωH, IECV).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bifactor model showed the best fit, supporting a dominant general paranoia factor alongside specific reference and persecution dimensions. Internal consistency was good for the GPTS-8 total score (<i>α</i> = 0.78) and acceptable for the subscales (respectively, 0.68 and 0.66). Item-level diagnostics indicated that several items primarily reflected the general factor, consistent with a hierarchical organization of paranoid ideation. Item response patterns suggested greater sensitivity at moderate to higher levels of the latent trait. Participants scoring above established PQ-B thresholds showed significantly higher GPTS-8 scores across dimensions, supporting convergent validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Italian GPTS-8 showed satisfactory psychometric properties, providing incremental evidence for its structural validity in an Italian-speaking context. However, given the use of a convenience student sample, findings should be considered preliminary and not directly generalizable to broader or clinical populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149084111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Validation of an Arabic-Language Version of the Pictorial Empathy Test (PET) and the Single-Item Trait Empathy Scale (SITES) in a Tunisian Young Adult Sample","authors":"Feten Fekih-Romdhane,&nbsp;Ghada Amouchi,&nbsp;Amira Mohammed Ali,&nbsp;Majda Cheour,&nbsp;Souheil Hallit","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70110","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of two empathy measures, that is the Pictorial Empathy Test (PET) to assess affective empathic reactions and the Single Item Trait Empathy Scale (SITES) to assess empathy trait.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a cross-sectional study carried out during March-May 2024 among 502 general population adults from Tunisia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The one-factor model of the PET scale showed excellent evidence of fit with good internal consistency (<i>α</i> = 0.86). Invariance across gender at the configural, metric, scalar and strict levels was established. Positive correlations were observed between PET and SITES scores. The SITES scores correlated significantly and positively with psychological distress. Both the SITES and the PET showed no significant correlations with self-esteem scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the present validation study leaves further work to be completed, it provides to practitioners and researchers two brief, cost-effective, valid and reliable measures of state (PET) and trait (SITES) empathy in the Arabic language.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network and Bayesian DAG Analysis of Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs, Educational Stress, and Family Relationships Among Adolescents","authors":"Mohammed A. Mamun,&nbsp;Maysa Mohamed Rabea Abdelall,&nbsp;Firoj Al-Mamun","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70106","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Healthy lifestyle beliefs are important for adolescent health promotion, yet they are embedded within broader psychosocial contexts involving family relationships and educational stress. Although these domains are likely to interact, little is known about how their specific components are organized within a broader psychosocial system. This study examined the interrelationships among healthy lifestyle beliefs, educational stress, and family relationship quality among Bangladeshi adolescents using network analysis and directed acyclic graph (DAG) modeling.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Data from 501 college-attending adolescents in Bangladesh were analyzed using the Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs Scale, the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents, and the Brief Family Relationship Scale. An undirected Gaussian graphical model was estimated to examine network structure, centrality, bridge centrality, predictability, and stability. Gender differences were assessed using the Network Comparison Test. Directed acyclic graph analyses were conducted at the subscale level to explore statistical dependency structures and edge orientations among domains.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The strongest positive edge in the network was observed between family cohesion and family expressiveness (0.520), whereas the strongest negative edge was observed between family cohesion and family conflict (−0.232). Confidence in handling problems effectively emerged as the most central node (strength = 1.325). The strongest bridge node was belief in family support for achieving goals (0.522), followed by belief in achieving personal goals and family expressiveness. Network stability was good (CS-coefficient = 0.75). Gender comparison indicated a significant difference in network structure (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003), but not in global strength (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.511). DAG analyses identified dependency structures linking family relationships, educational stress, and healthy lifestyle beliefs; edge orientations were interpreted as exploratory rather than as evidence of temporal or causal ordering.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Healthy lifestyle beliefs, educational stress, and family relationship quality were interconnected within a broader psychosocial system among adolescents. Coping-related healthy lifestyle beliefs appear central within this system, while family relational processes and academic stress showed meaningful connections with health-related beliefs. These findings may inform future longitud","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Administrative Data and Resident Assessment Instrument Data for Mental Health Surveillance in Home Care and Long-Term Care Populations","authors":"Ruth Ann Marrie,&nbsp;James M. Bolton,&nbsp;Xueyi Chen,&nbsp;Erind Dvorani,&nbsp;Okechukwu Ekuma,&nbsp;Zahra Goodarzi,&nbsp;Andrea Gruneir,&nbsp;Jin Luo,&nbsp;Nathan Herrmann,&nbsp;Matthias Hoben,&nbsp;David B. Hogan,&nbsp;Andrea Iaboni,&nbsp;Dallas Seitz,&nbsp;Randy Walld,&nbsp;Walter P. Wodchis,&nbsp;Colleen J. Maxwell,&nbsp;EMHLTH-CC Research Team","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare mental illness prevalence, and agreement between mental illness measures, in home care (HC) and long-term care (LTC) using administrative definitions and Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI)-diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Applying a common protocol to linked administrative-RAI datasets in Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario, Canada, we selected adults receiving HC or LTC between 2012 and 2023. Cross-sectionally, we compared administrative definitions with RAI-diagnoses (depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia) using kappa, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. We examined discordance-associated factors using multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depression was the most prevalent mental illness (administrative data, HC: 29%–34% of 493,895 people; LTC: 21%–51% of 357,117 people). Prevalence estimates were consistently lower using RAI-diagnoses than administrative definitions. Agreement between data sources was moderate for depression (<i>k</i> = 0.33–0.57) and anxiety disorders (<i>k</i> = 0.35–0.63). Younger age, dementia, and more physician visits were associated with higher likelihood of discordance between data sources; male sex had a lower likelihood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While mental illness prevalence is high in HC and LTC populations, RAI-based estimates are lower than administrative data estimates. Discordance between data sources differs by individual characteristics. Concurrent comparison of RAI-diagnoses and administrative data to a gold standard clinical interview would clarify the optimal surveillance strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the General Decision-Making Style (GDMS-20) Questionnaire in a Lebanese Arab Adult Sample","authors":"Rebecca Rahme,&nbsp;Ziad Azar,&nbsp;Rabih Hallit,&nbsp;Diana Malaeb,&nbsp;Mohamad El Haj,&nbsp;Fouad Sakr,&nbsp;Mariam Dabbous,&nbsp;Sami El Khatib,&nbsp;Sahar Obeid,&nbsp;Feten Fekih-Romdhane,&nbsp;Souheil Hallit","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decision-making styles reflect stable individual tendencies in approaching choices and have been found to relate to health behaviors, clinical decisions, and psychosocial outcomes. The General Decision-Making Style (GDMS) questionnaire is a widely used instrument that assesses five distinct decision-making styles. This scale has been translated into many languages but not in Arabic, and has demonstrated robust psychometric properties across multiple cultural contexts. To address the absence of a validated tool for assessing general decision-making styles in Arabic-speaking populations, this study aimed to evaluate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the 20-item version of the GDMS questionnaire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study conducted between the months of November and December 2024 included 536 Lebanese Arabic speaking participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Confirmatory factor analysis results supported the original five factor structure. Internal reliability was satisfactory as evidenced by both McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha: Systematic (<i>ω</i> = 0.76/<i>α</i> = 0.76), Intuitive (<i>ω</i> = 0.58/<i>α</i> = 0.58), Dependent (<i>ω</i> = 0.72/<i>α</i> = 0.72), Avoidant (<i>ω</i> = 0.71/<i>α</i> = 0.70) and Spontaneous (<i>ω</i> = 0.67/<i>α</i> = 0.66). Measurement invariance across sex was confirmed, with significant higher mean dependent decision making found in females compared to males whereas higher mean spontaneous decision-making style was found in males compared to females. No significant difference was found between males and females in terms of systematic, intuitive and avoidant decision-making styles. Higher systematic, dependent and intuitive styles were significantly associated with better work engagement and wellbeing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a reliable and valid Arabic version of the 20-item GDMS for assessing different general decision-making styles in Arabic-speaking populations. The scale has potential applications in several targeted applications in healthcare and research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonising Depression and Anxiety Measures Across International Cohorts: A Framework Validated Using Measurement Invariance","authors":"James Lian,&nbsp;Pedro F. Zuccolo,&nbsp;Omid V. Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Daniel Fatori,&nbsp;Abhaya Adlakha,&nbsp;Juan F. De La Hoz,&nbsp;Younga H. Lee,&nbsp;Adriana Carneiro,&nbsp;Isabela M. Benseñor,&nbsp;Paulo A. Lotufo,&nbsp;Alessandra C. Goulart,&nbsp;Justin D. Tubbs,&nbsp;Devon Watts,&nbsp;Yu Zhou,&nbsp;Lorenza Dall’Aglio,&nbsp;Mihael Cudic,&nbsp;Morgane Kuenzi,&nbsp;CGMHC Consortium,&nbsp;Ronald C. Kessler,&nbsp;Vikram Patel,&nbsp;André Brunoni,&nbsp;Jordan W. Smoller,&nbsp;Sarah Bauermeister","doi":"10.1002/mpr.70102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-national research on mental health trajectories requires harmonised measures that are valid and comparable. However, measurement scales often differ between cohorts in item content and cultural context. This study aimed to develop a framework for harmonising mental health measures across international cohorts, focussing on depression and anxiety symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We applied a structured, theory-driven approach to align item content across two longitudinal ageing cohorts that used different self-report instruments with heterogeneous item codings: ELSA-UK and ELSA-Brasil. Data were collected before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a natural experiment for examining temporal changes in mental health. The harmonisation process involved: (1) mapping items to DSM-5 symptom domains via expert review; (2) transforming response formats into harmonised ordinal indicators; (3) leveraging the Harmony AI tool to identify semantically equivalent items; and (4) testing measurement invariance across waves and cohorts using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Scalar invariance was achieved for depression in both longitudinal and cross-cohort models, enabling meaningful latent mean comparisons between cohorts. For anxiety, scalar invariance was supported within but not across cohorts, likely due to the limited number of conceptually matching items.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed harmonisation framework demonstrates the feasibility of robust cross-cultural comparisons of mental health constructs. Its success depends on the conceptual alignment and quality of available items. This approach provides a methodological template for future harmonisation efforts in global health and psychiatric epidemiology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}