International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Testing Bayesian models of belief updating in the context of depressive symptomatology","authors":"Matthias Feldmann,&nbsp;Tobias Kube,&nbsp;Winfried Rief,&nbsp;Eva-Lotta Brakemeier","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1946","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1946","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Predictive processing approaches to belief updating in depression propose that depression is related to more negative and more precise priors. Also, belief updating is assumed be negatively biased in comparison to normative Bayesian updating. There is a lack of efficient methods to mathematically model belief updating in depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We validated a novel performance belief updating paradigm in a nonclinical sample (<i>N</i> = 133). Participants repeatedly participated in a non-self-related emotion recognition task and received false feedback. Effects of the feedback manipulation and differences in depressive symptoms on belief updating were analysed in Bayesian multilevel analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Beliefs were successfully manipulated through the feedback provided. Depressive symptoms were associated with more negative updating than normative Bayesian updating but results were influenced by few cases. No evidence of biased change in beliefs or overly precise priors was found. Depressive symptoms were associated with more negative updating of generalised performance beliefs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was cautious support for negatively biased belief updating associated with depressive symptoms, especially for generalised beliefs. The content of the task may not be self-relevant enough to cause strong biases. Further explication of Bayesian models of depression and replication in clinical samples is needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c1/eb/MPR-32-e1946.PMC10242189.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9587746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are effort-based decision-making tasks worth the effort?—A study on the associations between effort-based decision-making tasks and self-report measures","authors":"Katharina E. Renz,&nbsp;Björn Schlier,&nbsp;Tania M. Lincoln","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1943","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1943","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amotivation is a common symptom in various mental disorders, including psychotic or depressive disorders. Effort-based decision-making (EBDM)-tasks quantifying amotivation at a behavioral level have been on the rise. Task performance has been shown to differentiate patient groups from healthy controls. However, findings on indicators of construct validity, such as the correlations between different tasks and between tasks and self-reported/observer-rated amotivation in clinical and healthy samples have been inconclusive.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a representative community sample (<i>N</i> = 90), we tested the construct validity of the Deck Choice Task, the Expenditure for Rewards Task and the Balloon Task. We calculated correlations between the EBDM-tasks and between the EBDM-tasks and self-reported amotivation, apathy, anticipatory pleasure, and BIS/BAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Correlations between tasks were low to moderate (0.198 ≤ <i>r</i> ≤ 0.358), with the Balloon Task showing the largest correlations with the other tasks, but no significant correlations between any EBDM-task and the self-report measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although different EBDM-tasks are conceptualized to measure the same construct, a large part of what each task measures could not be accounted for by the other tasks. Moreover, the tasks did not appear to substantially capture what was measured in established self-report instruments for amotivation in our sample, which could be interpreted as questioning the construct validity of EBDM-tasks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6e/05/MPR-32-e1943.PMC9976602.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between mental health and academic performance among university undergraduates: The interacting role of lifestyle behaviors","authors":"Tianshu Chu,&nbsp;Xin Liu,&nbsp;Shigemi Takayanagi,&nbsp;Tomoko Matsushita,&nbsp;Hiro Kishimoto","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1938","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1938","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Impaired mental health status tends to be associated with poor academic performance, but few prospective studies have examined the association between mental health and academic performance among undergraduates while considering the interacting roles of multiple lifestyle behaviors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1823 Japanese undergraduate students (67% men) were followed up for 4 years. Their mental health status was measured by the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). We defined poor academic performance as a grade point average (GPA) &lt;2.0. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the relationship between the students' mental health status and the incident risk of poor academic performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analyses revealed that impaired mental health status in the first semester of university study significantly predicted an increased incident risk of poor academic performance during the overall undergraduate period. This association remained significant when the health lifestyle behaviors were adjusted, and the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for poor academic performance was 1.62 (1.18–2.23). This significant association disappeared in the low-lifestyle-behavior-risk group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Impaired mental health status in the first semester significantly predicts an increased incident risk of poor academic performance during the undergraduate period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10807490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotyping suicidal ideation and behavior: Comparing clinical characteristics and future suicide attempts between suicidal subtypes in two clinical samples","authors":"Lena Spangenberg,&nbsp;Michael Friedrich,&nbsp;Thomas Forkmann,&nbsp;Nina Hallensleben,&nbsp;Antje Schönfelder,&nbsp;Dajana Rath,&nbsp;Laura Paashaus,&nbsp;Tobias Teismann,&nbsp;Heide Glaesmer","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1940","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1940","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To further validate the concept of suicidal subtypes distinguished by indicators of suicidal thinking and behavior with regard to clinical characteristics and past and future suicide attempts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychiatric inpatients were assessed (study 1: ecological momentary assessments in 74 depressed inpatients with suicidal ideation; study 2: clinical assessments in 224 inpatients after a suicide attempt and over a 12-month follow-up period). Subtypes were identified using latent profile analysis (based on indicators of real-time suicide ideation) and latent class analysis (based on features of past suicide ideation and suicide attempt characteristics). Comparisons between subtypes included clinical characteristics (depression, suicidal ideation, trait impulsivity, childhood trauma) as well as past (study 1) and future (study 2) suicide attempts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicidal subtypes emerged that are characterized by suicidal ideation means and stability and features of past suicidal behavior (four in study 1, three in study 2). The subtypes differed in terms of depression/suicidal ideation, but not in terms of trait impulsivity/childhood trauma. Although not significant, the subtypes “high-stable” and “low-moderate stable” reported multiple re-attempts more frequently during follow-up than the “low-stable” subtype in study 2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differences in clinical variables (and by trend in future suicide attempts) clearly point to the clinical relevance of suicidal subtypes (with variability of suicidal thoughts playing a particularly important role).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/75/MPR-32-e1940.PMC9976598.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10817123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-3 (NEMESIS-3): Objectives, methods and baseline characteristics of the sample","authors":"Margreet ten Have,&nbsp;Marlous Tuithof,&nbsp;Saskia van Dorsselaer,&nbsp;Frederiek Schouten,&nbsp;Ron de Graaf","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1942","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1942","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NEMESIS-3 (Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-3) is a psychiatric epidemiological cohort study of the Dutch general population that replicates and expands on two previous NEMESIS-studies conducted in 1996–1999 and 2007–2018 respectively. The main aims of NEMESIS-3 are to provide up-to-date information on the prevalence, incidence, course and consequences of mental disorders, their risk indicators, and to study the relevant time trends. This paper gives an overview of the objectives and methods of NEMESIS-3, especially of the recently completed first wave, and describes the sample characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NEMESIS-3 is based on a multistage, stratified random sampling of individuals aged 18–75 years. Face-to-face interviews were laptop computer-assisted and held at the respondent's home. A slightly modified Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0 was used to assess both Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) and DSM-5 mental disorders. Two follow-up waves are planned three and six years after baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the first wave, performed from November 2019 to March 2022, 6194 individuals were interviewed: 1576 respondents before and 4618 respondents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The average interview duration was 91 min and the response rate was 54.6%. The sample consisted of 50.4% women and had a mean age of 47.9 years. The sample was reasonable nationally representative, although some sociodemographic groups were somewhat underrepresented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the COVID-19 restrictions, we were able to build a large and comprehensive dataset of good quality, permitting us to investigate the latest trends in mental health status, various new topics related to mental health, and the extent to which the pandemic has had an effect on the population's mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/33/MPR-32-e1942.PMC9976606.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10816539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transparency and completeness of reporting of depression screening tool accuracy studies: A meta-research review of adherence to the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies statement","authors":"Elsa-Lynn Nassar,&nbsp;Brooke Levis,&nbsp;Marieke A. Neyer,&nbsp;Danielle B. Rice,&nbsp;Linda Booij,&nbsp;Andrea Benedetti,&nbsp;Brett D. Thombs","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1939","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1939","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate and complete study reporting allows evidence users to critically appraise studies, evaluate possible bias, and assess generalizability and applicability. We evaluated the extent to which recent studies on depression screening accuracy were reported consistent with Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) statement requirements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MEDLINE was searched from January 1, 2018 through May 21, 2021 for depression screening accuracy studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>106 studies were included. Of 34 STARD items or sub-items, the number of adequately reported items per study ranged from 7 to 18 (mean = 11.5, standard deviation [SD] = 2.5; median = 11.5), and the number inadequately reported ranged from 3 to 17 (mean = 10.1, SD = 2.5; median = 10.0). There were eight items adequately reported, seven partially reported, 11 inadequately reported, and four not applicable in ≥50% of studies; the remaining four items had mixed reporting. Items inadequately reported in ≥70% of studies related to the rationale for index test cut-offs examined, missing data management, analyses of variability in accuracy results, sample size determination, participant flow, study registration, and study protocol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently published depression screening accuracy studies are not optimally reported. Journals should endorse and implement STARD adherence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9088332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural equivalence of parental ratings of child difficulties during the pandemic: Findings from a six-site study","authors":"Sarah Foley,&nbsp;Luca Ronchi,&nbsp;Serena Lecce,&nbsp;Xin Feng,&nbsp;Meingold H. M. Chan,&nbsp;Claire Hughes","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1933","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1933","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) has been shown to be invariant across informants, developmental stage and settings, but tests of cross-cultural equivalence are limited to adolescents' self-reports. The COVID-19 pandemic makes this gap particularly pertinent, given the need to understand whether distinct government approaches (e.g., school closures) are uniquely associated with variability in children's psychosocial outcomes and the reliance on parents' ratings for young children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within a Confirmatory Factor Analysis framework, we tested the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the SDQ across six countries: Australia, China, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom and USA, using a sample of 1761 parents of 3- to 8-year-olds (<i>M</i> = 5.76, <i>SD</i> = 1.09).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A five-factors model showed good fit to the data and partial cross-cultural scalar invariance. In this sample, Swedish parents reported the fewest peer problems (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.950) and the highest prosocial scores (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.547), whilst British parents reported the greatest child emotional (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.412) and hyperactivity problems (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.535).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present results indicate that the parent-version of the SDQ is appropriate for use and comparison across different contexts during the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1933","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10826076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health service areas in Switzerland","authors":"Niklaus Stulz,&nbsp;Reto Jörg,&nbsp;Constanze Reim-Gautier,&nbsp;Charles Bonsack,&nbsp;Philippe Conus,&nbsp;Sara Evans-Lacko,&nbsp;Kerstin Gabriel-Felleiter,&nbsp;Eva Heim,&nbsp;Matthias Jäger,&nbsp;Martin Knapp,&nbsp;Dirk Richter,&nbsp;Andres Schneeberger,&nbsp;Graham Thornicroft,&nbsp;Rafael Traber,&nbsp;Simon Wieser,&nbsp;Alexandre Tuch,&nbsp;Urs Hepp","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1937","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1937","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Small area analysis is a health services research technique that facilitates geographical comparison of services supply and utilization rates between health service areas (HSAs). HSAs are functionally relevant regions around medical facilities within which most residents undergo treatment. We aimed to identify HSAs for psychiatric outpatient care (HSA-PSY) in Switzerland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used HSAr, a new and automated methodological approach, and comprehensive psychiatric service use data from insurances to identify HSA-PSY based on travel patterns between patients' residences and service sites. Resulting HSA-PSY were compared geographically, demographically and regarding the use of inpatient and outpatient psychiatric services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 68 HSA-PSY, which were reviewed and validated by local mental health services experts. The population-based rate of inpatient and outpatient service utilization varied considerably between HSA-PSY. Utilization of inpatient and outpatient services tended to be positively associated across HSA-PSY.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wide variation of service use between HSA-PSY can hardly be fully explained by underlying differences in the prevalence or incidence of disorders. Whether other factors such as the amount of services supply did add to the high variation should be addressed in further studies, for which our functional mapping on a small-scale regional level provides a good analytical framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/9d/MPR-32-e1937.PMC9976601.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9471691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a daily diary for monitoring intrusive memories of trauma: A translational data synthesis study exploring convergent validity","authors":"Laura Singh,&nbsp;Sara Ahmed Pihlgren,&nbsp;Emily A. Holmes,&nbsp;Michelle L. Moulds","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1936","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1936","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intrusive memories are a core feature of posttraumatic stress disorder and have transdiagnostic relevance across mental disorders. Establishing flexible methods to monitor intrusions, including patterns and characteristics, is a key challenge. A daily diary has been developed in experimental settings to provide symptom count data, without the need for retrospective self-report over extended time periods (e.g., 1 week, 1 month). We conducted an exploratory, pre-registered data synthesis investigating convergence between the diary and questionnaire measures of intrusive symptoms long used in clinical practice (Impact of Event Scale, IES, and revised version, IES-R, Intrusion subscale).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilising datasets using the daily diary from 11 studies (4 real-world trauma studies, seven analogue trauma studies; total <i>N</i> = 578), we found significant positive associations between the diary and IES/IES-R Intrusion subscale. Exploratory analyses indicated that the magnitude of this association was stronger for the IES (vs. the IES-R), and in individuals with real-world (vs. analogue) trauma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides first evidence of convergent validity of a daily diary for monitoring intrusions with a widely used questionnaire. A diary may be a more flexible methodology to obtain information about intrusions (frequency, characteristics, triggers, content), relative to questionnaires which rely on retrospective reporting of symptoms over extended timeframes. We discuss potential benefits of daily monitoring of intrusions in clinical and research contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9364850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global multi-center and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging study of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Harmonization and monitoring of protocols in healthy volunteers and phantoms","authors":"Petra J. W. Pouwels,&nbsp;Chris Vriend,&nbsp;Feng Liu,&nbsp;Niels T. de Joode,&nbsp;Maria C. G. Otaduy,&nbsp;Bruno Pastorello,&nbsp;Frances C. Robertson,&nbsp;Ganesan Venkatasubramanian,&nbsp;Jonathan Ipser,&nbsp;Seonjoo Lee,&nbsp;Marcelo C. Batistuzzo,&nbsp;Marcelo Q. Hoexter,&nbsp;Christine Lochner,&nbsp;Euripedes C. Miguel,&nbsp;Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy,&nbsp;Rashmi Rao,&nbsp;Y. C. Janardhan Reddy,&nbsp;Roseli G. Shavitt,&nbsp;Karthik Sheshachala,&nbsp;Dan J. Stein,&nbsp;Anton J. L. M. van Balkom,&nbsp;Melanie Wall,&nbsp;Helen Blair Simpson,&nbsp;Odile A. van den Heuvel","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1931","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1931","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We describe the harmonized MRI acquisition and quality assessment of an ongoing global OCD study, with the aim to translate representative, well-powered neuroimaging findings in neuropsychiatric research to worldwide populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report on T1-weighted structural MRI, resting-state functional MRI, and multi-shell diffusion-weighted imaging of 140 healthy participants (28 per site), two traveling controls, and regular phantom scans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human image quality measures (IQMs) and outcome measures showed smaller within-site variation than between-site variation. Outcome measures were less variable than IQMs, especially for the traveling controls. Phantom IQMs were stable regarding geometry, SNR, and mean diffusivity, while fMRI fluctuation was more variable between sites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Variation in IQMs persists, even for an a priori harmonized data acquisition protocol, but after pre-processing they have less of an impact on the outcome measures. Continuous monitoring IQMs per site is valuable to detect potential artifacts and outliers. The inclusion of both cases and healthy participants at each site remains mandatory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/aa/MPR-32-e1931.PMC9976605.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}