International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research最新文献

{"title":"The Future Proofing Study: Design, methods and baseline characteristics of a prospective cohort study of the mental health of Australian adolescents","authors":"Aliza Werner-Seidler,&nbsp;Kate Maston,&nbsp;Alison L. Calear,&nbsp;Philip J. Batterham,&nbsp;Mark E. Larsen,&nbsp;Michelle Torok,&nbsp;Bridianne O’Dea,&nbsp;Kit Huckvale,&nbsp;Joanne R. Beames,&nbsp;Lyndsay Brown,&nbsp;Hiroko Fujimoto,&nbsp;Alexandra Bartholomew,&nbsp;Debopriyo Bal,&nbsp;Susanne Schweizer,&nbsp;S. Rachel Skinner,&nbsp;Katharine Steinbeck,&nbsp;Julie Ratcliffe,&nbsp;Ju-Lee Oei,&nbsp;Svetha Venkatesh,&nbsp;Raghu Lingam,&nbsp;Yael Perry,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Hudson,&nbsp;Katherine M. Boydell,&nbsp;Andrew Mackinnon,&nbsp;Helen Christensen","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1954","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1954","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Future Proofing Study (FPS) was established to examine factors associated with the onset and course of mental health conditions during adolescence. This paper describes the design, methods, and baseline characteristics of the FPS cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FPS is an Australian school-based prospective cohort study with an embedded cluster-randomized controlled trial examining the effects of digital prevention programs on mental health. Data sources include self-report questionnaires, cognitive functioning, linkage to health and education records, and smartphone sensor data. Participants are assessed annually for 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The baseline cohort (<i>N</i> = 6388, <i>M</i> = 13.9 years) is broadly representative of the Australian adolescent population. The clinical profile of participants is comparable to other population estimates. Overall, 15.1% of the cohort met the clinical threshold for depression, 18.6% for anxiety, 31.6% for psychological distress, and 4.9% for suicidal ideation. These rates were significantly higher in adolescents who identified as female, gender diverse, sexuality diverse, or Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (all <i>p</i>s &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper provides current and comprehensive data about the status of adolescent mental health in Australia. The FPS cohort is expected to provide significant insights into the risk, protective, and mediating factors associated with development of mental health conditions during adolescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10205192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical & economic burden of treatment-resistant depression in the Gulf-Cooperation Council: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Aly Akram,&nbsp;Medhat Al-Sabahy,&nbsp;Ahmed Al-Jedai,&nbsp;Hajer Almudaiheem,&nbsp;Mohamed Farghally,&nbsp;Ebtihaj Fallata,&nbsp;Osama Alibrahim,&nbsp;Tarek Shoukry,&nbsp;Sujata Basu,&nbsp;Danielle Chalouhi,&nbsp;Amr Elsharkawy,&nbsp;Omneya Mohamed","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1952","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1952","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current analysis assessed the economic and clinical burden of treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) imposed on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Kuwait and United Arab Emirates (UAE) from the societal perspective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Microsoft Excel^® based Markov model was developed to estimate the overall burden of disease imposed by TRD across KSA, Kuwait and UAE. Data for the models' adaptation were retrieved from literature and validated by country-specific key opinion leaders. The cycle length and time horizon used in the model were 4 weeks and 1 year, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study results estimated that at the end of 1-year time horizon, overall burden imposed by TRD was 3994, 982 and 670 million USD in KSA, Kuwait, and UAE, respectively. This can be attributed to the high cost incurred due to non-responsive health state (ranging from 44% to 47%). The productivity loss was either the greatest or second greatest component of TRD's burden in the countries of interest (ranging from 32% to 43%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TRD represents a large clinical and economic burden on both individual patients and society. Hence, noval and innovative treatments are especially required for the management of TRD patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/18/MPR-32-e1952.PMC10485320.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A time-series perspective on executive functioning: The benefits of a dynamic approach to random number generation","authors":"Wouter Oomens,&nbsp;Joseph H. R. Maes,&nbsp;Fred Hasselman,&nbsp;Jos I. M. Egger","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1945","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1945","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Executive functioning (EF) is a key topic in neuropsychology. A multitude of underlying processes and constructs have been suggested to explain EF, which are measured by at least as many different neuropsychological tests. However, these tests often refer to summary statistics to quantify the construct under study, failing to capture the dynamic nature of EF. An alternative to these summary statistics is a time-series approach that quantifies all the available temporal information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) to quantify the characteristics of any temporal pattern in random number generation data and we compared RQA to the traditional and static analysis of random number sequences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The traditional measures yield inconsistent results with increasing sequences length, both for computer-generated and human-generated sequences, whereas the RQA measures do not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results suggest that a time-series approach does a better job at modelling what is happening on different time-scales, and, therefore, is better at explaining how EF is changing in the course of the random number generation task. We argue that it is likely that these findings also apply to other neuropsychological EF tests, and that a time-series approach is an important addition to the study of EF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/58/MPR-32-e1945.PMC10242198.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9959842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical subtyping using community detection: Limited utility?","authors":"Joost A. Agelink van Rentergem,&nbsp;Joe Bathelt,&nbsp;Hilde M. Geurts","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1951","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1951","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To discover psychiatric subtypes, researchers are adopting a method called community detection. This method was not subjected to the same scrutiny in the psychiatric literature as traditional clustering methods. Furthermore, many community detection algorithms have been developed without psychiatric sample sizes and variable numbers in mind. We aim to provide clarity to researchers on the utility of this method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide an introduction to community detection algorithms, specifically describing the crucial differences between correlation-based and distance-based community detection. We compare community detection results to results of traditional methods in a simulation study representing typical psychiatry settings, using three conceptualizations of how subtypes might differ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We discovered that the number of recovered subgroups was often incorrect with several community detection algorithms. Correlation-based community detection fared better than distance-based community detection, and performed relatively well with smaller sample sizes. Latent profile analysis was more consistent in recovering subtypes. Whether methods were successful depended on how differences were introduced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Traditional methods like latent profile analysis remain reasonable choices. Furthermore, results depend on assumptions and theoretical choices underlying subtyping analyses, which researchers need to consider before drawing conclusions on subtypes. Employing multiple subtyping methods to establish method dependency is recommended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1951","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9579506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the factor structure of the DSM-5 Level 1 cross-cutting symptom measure","authors":"Alison B. Gibbons,&nbsp;Cristan Farmer,&nbsp;Jacob S. Shaw,&nbsp;Joyce Y. Chung","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1953","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1953","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure (DSM-XC) was developed by the American Psychiatric Association as a transdiagnostic mental health symptom survey. Despite its promise as a screening tool, few studies have assessed its latent dimensionality or provided guidance on interpreting responses. We examined the factor structure of the DSM-XC in a convenience sample of participants with varying degrees of psychopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>n</i> = 3533) were enrolled in an online study on the mental health impact of COVID-19 (NCT04339790). We used a factor analytic framework with exploratory and confirmatory analyses to evaluate candidate factor solutions. Convergent validity analysis with concurrent study measures was also performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six-factor and bifactor candidate solutions both had good fit and full measurement invariance across age, sex, and enrollment date. The six-factor solution resulted in constructs labeled as: mood, worry, activation, somatic, thought, and substance use. A general psychopathology factor and two residual factors (mood and anxiety constructs) explained the variance of the bifactor solution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis supports that the DSM-XC is a multidimensional instrument spanning many mental health symptoms. We provide scoring solutions for two factor structures that capture broader constructs of psychopathology. Use of a convenience sample may limit generalizability of findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/00/MPR-32-e1953.PMC10242195.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and methods of the Longitudinal Eating Disorders Assessment Project research consortium for veterans","authors":"Kelsie T. Forbush,&nbsp;Trevor J. Swanson,&nbsp;Melinda Gaddy,&nbsp;Mary Oehlert,&nbsp;Alesha Doan,&nbsp;Robert W. Morgan,&nbsp;Colin O’Brien,&nbsp;Yiyang Chen,&nbsp;Kylie Christian,&nbsp;Q. Chelsea Song,&nbsp;David Watson,&nbsp;Joanna Wiese","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1941","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1941","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Military service members must maintain a certain body mass index and body fat percentage. Due to weight-loss pressures, some service members may resort to unhealthy behaviors that place them at risk for the development of an eating disorder (ED).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To understand the scope and impact of EDs in military service members and veterans, we formed the Longitudinal Eating Disorders Assessment Project (LEAP) Consortium. LEAP aims to develop novel screening, assessment, classification, and treatment tools for veterans and military members with a focus on EDs and internalizing psychopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited two independent nationally representative samples of post-9/11 veterans who were separated from service within the past year. Study 1 was a four-wave longitudinal survey and Study 2 was a mixed-methods study that included surveys, structured-clinical interviews, and qualitative interviews.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recruitment samples were representative of the full population of recently separated veterans. Sample weights were created to adjust for sources of non-response bias to the baseline survey. Attrition was low relative to past studies of this population, with only (younger) age predicting attrition at 1-week follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We expect that the LEAP Consortium data will contribute to improved information about EDs in veterans, a serious and understudied problem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0f/8b/MPR-32-e1941.PMC10242201.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9579491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An 18-month follow-up of the Covid-19 psychology research consortium study panel: Survey design and fieldwork procedures for Wave 6","authors":"Orla McBride,&nbsp;Sarah Butter,&nbsp;Anton P. Martinez,&nbsp;Mark Shevlin,&nbsp;Jamie Murphy,&nbsp;Todd K. Hartman,&nbsp;Ryan McKay,&nbsp;Philip Hyland,&nbsp;Kate M. Bennett,&nbsp;Thomas V. A. Stocks,&nbsp;Jilly Gibson-Miller,&nbsp;Liat Levita,&nbsp;Liam Mason,&nbsp;Richard P. Bentall","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1949","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1949","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Established in March 2020, the C19PRC Study monitors the psychological and socio-economic impact of the pandemic in the UK and other countries. This paper describes the protocol for Wave 6 (August–September 2021).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The survey assessed: COVID-19 related experiences; experiences of common mental health disorders; psychological characteristics; and social and political attitudes. Adult participants from any previous wave (<i>N</i> = 3170) were re-invited, and sample replenishment procedures helped manage attrition. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure the on-going original panel (from baseline) was nationally representative in terms of gender, age, and household income, amongst other factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1643 adults were re-interviewed at Wave 6 (51.8% retention rate). Non-participation was higher younger adults, those born outside UK, and adults living in cities. Of the adults recruited at baseline, 54.3% (<i>N</i> = 1100) participated in Wave 6. New respondent (<i>N</i> = 415) entered the panel at this wave, resulting in cross-sectional sample for Wave 6 of 2058 adults. The raking procedure re-balanced the longitudinal panel to within 1.3% of population estimates for selected socio-demographic characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper outlines the growing strength of the publicly available C19PRC Study data for COVID-19-related interdisciplinary research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9581221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Concise Health Risk Tracking - Self-Report (CHRT-SR)—A measure of suicidal risk: Performance in adolescent outpatients","authors":"Karabi Nandy,&nbsp;A. John Rush,&nbsp;Thomas J. Carmody,&nbsp;Alexandra Kulikova,&nbsp;Taryn L. Mayes,&nbsp;Graham Emslie,&nbsp;Madhukar H. Trivedi","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1944","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1944","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Concise Health Risk Tracking Self-Report (CHRT-SR) assesses the risk of suicidal behavior. We report its psychometric properties in a representative sample of adolescent outpatients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sample (<i>n</i> = 657) of adolescents (&lt;18 years of age) in primary or psychiatric care completed the 14-item version of CHRT-SR at both baseline and within 3 months. To identify an optimal brief solution for the scale, we evaluated the factor structure of CHRT-SR using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, and testing measurement invariance across age and gender. The item response theory and classical test theory characteristics of the optimal solution were evaluated. Concurrent validity (both cross-sectional and as a change measure over time) of the optimal solution was assessed by comparing it to another suicide measure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Confirmatory factor analysis identified the 9-item CHRT-SR (CHRT-SR₉) as the optimal solution. Classical test theory and item response theory indicated excellent fit. Concurrent validity analyses revealed that it can measure both improvement/worsening of suicidality over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CHRT-SR₉ is a brief self-report with excellent psychometric properties in a sample of adolescents that is sensitive to changes in suicidality over time. Its performance in other populations and ability to predict future suicidal events deserves study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/0d/MPR-32-e1944.PMC10242193.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9943684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crime, mortality and neurocognitive disorders: A nationwide register study in Finland","authors":"Tiina Talaslahti,&nbsp;Milena Ginters,&nbsp;Hannu Kautiainen,&nbsp;Risto Vataja,&nbsp;Anniina Palm,&nbsp;Henrik Elonheimo,&nbsp;Jaana Suvisaari,&nbsp;Nina Lindberg,&nbsp;Hannu Koponen","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1948","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1948","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore mortality of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), or Lewy body dementias (LBD) who had criminal behavior in the year preceding diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained from the nationwide registers. Mortality was compared between disorder groups with and without criminal acts and with the general population. The cohort included patients who had received a discharge register diagnosis of AD (<i>N</i> = 80,540), FTD (<i>N</i> = 1060), or LBD (<i>N</i> = 10,591) between 1998 and 2015. The incidences of crimes were calculated in the year preceding diagnosis. We further calculated age- and sex-adjusted survivals of different dementia groups with and without criminal acts, and in relation to the general population (SMR, Standardized Mortality Ratio).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Criminal behavior was more common in men than in women. It was associated with decreased mortality in the AD group. SMRs due to unnatural causes, and in the LBD and FTD female groups, were higher in patients with criminal behavior than in those without.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LBD and female FTD patients, who had criminal behavior before diagnosis, were at higher risk of death than patients without such behavior. Novel criminality in older adults may be associated with neurocognitive disorder, in which case medical attention is justified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/12/MPR-32-e1948.PMC10242203.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9587749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia in health claims data: The influence of different case definitions on incidence and prevalence estimates","authors":"Oliver Riedel,&nbsp;Malte Braitmaier,&nbsp;Ingo Langner","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1947","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1947","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The epidemiology of dementia subtypes including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) and their reliance on different case definitions (“algorithms”) in health claims data are still understudied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on health claims data, prevalence estimates (per 100 persons), incidence rates (IRs, per 100 person-years), and proportions of AD, VD, and other dementias (oD) were calculated. Five algorithms of increasing strictness considered inpatient/outpatient diagnoses (#1, #2), antidementia drugs (#3) or supportive diagnostics (#4, #5).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Algorithm 1 detected 213,409 cases (#2: 197,400; #3: 48,688; #4: 3033; #5: 3105), a prevalence for any dementia of 3.44 and an IR of 1.39 (AD: 0.80/0.21, VD: 0.79/0.31). The prevalence decreased by algorithms for any dementia (#2: 3.19; #3: 0.75; #4: 0.04; #5: 0.05) as did IRs (#2: 1.13; #3: 0.18; #4: 0.05, #5: 0.05). Algorithms 1–2, and 4–5 revealed similar proportions of AD (23.3%–26.6%), VD (19.9%–23.2%), and oD (53.1%–53.8%), algorithm 3 estimated 45% (AD), 12.1% (VD), and 43.0% (oD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health claims data show lower estimates of AD than previously reported, due to markedly lower prevalent/incident proportions of patients with corresponding codes. Using medication in defining dementia potentially improves estimating the proportion of AD while supportive diagnostics were of limited use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1947","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9591574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}