International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic options and management approach on thalassemia an overview","authors":"Hiba Qasim Mahmoud, Russl Sameer Mhana, Ali Abdulmawjood Mohammed","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-02","url":null,"abstract":"People with thalassemia, the body produces an aberrant form of hemoglobin, a hereditary blood condition that runs in families. Anemia is caused by this disorder, which causes a significant number of red blood cells to be destroyed. Iron overload, cardiac arrhythmia, hepatitis, osteoporosis, and endocrine disorders are the primary problems that thalassemia patients confront; however, anemia can also present with conventional symptoms. Treatment options for thalassemia patients are based on how serious their condition is. The standard form of treatment for thalassemia is blood transfusion. The names of thalassemia syndromes are based on the defective hemoglobin produced or the globin chain that is impacted. Thus, Mutations in the β-globin gene result in β-thalassemia, while mutations in the α-globin gene cause α-thalassemia. This review covers the various forms of thalassemia, as well as its diagnosis, prevalence, complications, and management.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"41 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139127013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Impact of Maternal Educational Models on Early Childhood Caries in Preterm Infants","authors":"Mehmet Ertuğrul Soysal, E. Saygı, Ece Çalışan, T. Kazaz, E. Haznedaroğlu","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the impact of different educational models on maternal awareness and dental caries development in preterm infants. Methods: This study included 56 preterm infants and their mothers. Participants were divided into two groups based on the education models provided to their mothers: visual and verbal education (Group 1) and verbal education alone (Group 2). Mothers received either visual or verbal presentations focusing on maternal oral hygiene, early childhood caries, and infant oral hygiene. Training and oral examinations were repeated at 3-month intervals for 18 months. Intraoral examinations of the infants were performed again 9 months after the last visit. Demographic factors, oral hygiene and caries development were assessed through clinical examinations and questionnaires. Results: There is no significant difference in demographic variables between the two groups. Both education models significantly increased maternal knowledge, as evidenced by pre-test and post-test scores (p=0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in caries development between the two groups (p=0.322). Only verbal education and visual and verbal education methods were effective in preventing early childhood caries. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that both visual and verbal educational models, repeated at frequent intervals, effectively increase maternal knowledge about oral and dental health in preterm infants.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemicals: a new arsenal in drug discovery","authors":"Manal Hatem Ahmed, Saja Ismail Karkush, Sumeia Abbas Ali, Ali Abdulmawjood Mohammed","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-03","url":null,"abstract":"In ancient times traditional herbs were used to treat different diseases such as stomach discomfort, toothache, body pain and inflammation, diarrhea, malaria, typhoid, diabetes, and so on. Medicinally important plants are recognized to have chemicals or phytochemicals that could be useful for illness treatment or medication manufacture. These compounds occur naturally in plant parts (leaves, stems, barks, and roots) and are referred to as secondary metabolites because, like primary metabolites, they are synthesized to protect the plant rather than for growth. Fortunately for humans, the majority of these secondary metabolites have therapeutic properties that are useful against a variety of diseases and health problems. Resistance to antibiotics is one of the world's most critical health challenges, with numerous infections rapidly gaining resistance to conventional antimicrobials. There is currently no viable therapeutic agent with the ability to reverse antimicrobial resistance, and several leading laboratories are working hard to find new antimicrobials. Plant-based chemical compounds have received comparatively little attention in the context of antimicrobial medication development. Natural chemicals have piqued the interest of drug development scientists because of their structural diversity, chemical novelty, abundance, and bioactivity. Cancer is currently a major problem. Despite the numerous interventions available, a huge number of patients die each year as a result of cancer disorders. The rising research direction in healthcare pharmacy is the development of an effective and side-effect-free anticancer medication. Chemical entities found in plants have proven to be particularly promising in this area. Bioactive phytochemicals are preferred because they act differentially on cancer cells while leaving normal cells alone. This review provides an overview of the utility of medicinal plants as well as secondary metabolites of plants as drug sources, the drug discovery process, the efficacy and safety of phytochemicals, current applications, developments in screening technologies, challenges, and future directions.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"23 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139129452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Good Health and Well- being in the Different Current Treatment Strategies for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A mini Review","authors":"L. Abdulazeem, Maryam muwafaq jasim, Noor J.T. AL-Musawi","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-01-04","url":null,"abstract":"People of all ages must lead healthy lives and advance wellbeing in order for sustainable development to occur. The global economy is being weakened by COVID-19, which is also disrupting the lives of billions of people worldwide. By the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV2) abruptly began to spread, giving rise to the term coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). There is currently no proven treatment for COVID-19. Finding efficient therapies is urgently needed to care for patients and control the spread of SARS-CoV2 among humans. The treatment medicines that may be employed to fight the SARS-CoV2 infection were emphasized for the current review. Numerous medications have been repurposed for COVID19 therapy since the disease's emergence. Regarding the treatment of COVID-19, existing medications such as chloroquine (CQ), Along with chloroquine, We also investigated monoclonal antibodies, restorative plasma, Chinese herbal treatment, and natural compounds, including remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and nucleoside analogues. Although initial clinical trials demonstrated that CQ/HCQ had antiviral activities, further investigations revealed significant debate over its suitability for treating COVID-19. Preventing the virus from interacting with human cell receptors for angiotensin converting enzyme 2 is one of these medicinal medicines' biological defenses against SARS-CoV2. Many of studies about the role of nanomaterials in treating Covid-19, based on their unique physical, chemical and biological properties, which depend on shape and size, as the use of nanomaterials is considered a promising future to eliminate viruses, including Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"24 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139127177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WHITENING TOOTHPASTES ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF YOUNG HUMAN ENAMEL","authors":"E. Haznedaroğlu, Gozde Akin Tezgel, F. Muhaffel, Murat Api","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the whitening toothpastes effect of surface roughness in young permanent human enamel. Methods: In this in vitro study, 100 premolars were sectioned, mounted and stored. All teeth were divided into 10 experimental groups (n=10). The specimens were brushed 3600 cycles (equivalent 12-week brushing) with a brushing machine using 25 g of each toothpaste mixed with 40 ml of distilled water. The surface profile of the teeth was measured a profilometric device before and after brushing, respectively. Each teeth surface roughness measured three times and averaged. Results: In five groups which toothpastes containing bromelain, nano hydroxyapatite, silica, blue covarine and charcoal the decrease in surface roughness was found statistically significant (p<0.05), except toothpastes groups containing hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, microbeads, hydroxyapatite and water. In toothpastes groups containing hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and microbeads group’s surface roughness values were increased but not statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of initial and after brushing surface roughness values. Conclusion: According to the results of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and microbeads based whitening toothpastes increased the surface roughness of young permanent human tooth; had not provide smoother surface on tooth after 3600 cycles brushing. This study emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to be aware of the whitening products usage for teenagers and make evidence-based decisions when recommending the product to patients.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"354 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Vitamin D3: Metabolism, Functions, and Clinical Implications","authors":"Marwah A. AL-AZZAWI, Anmar .J.Maftool, Anmar A. Al-Shimary, Ali Abdulmawjood Mohammed","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-08","url":null,"abstract":"The current article examines the metabolism of cholecalciferol, its functions in body, and relevance within a clinical set up. Vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol is important for many physiological processes and is essential for general health. The purpose of this review is to begin by providing extensive discussions about vitamin D3 thereafter explain how it travels through the body in order to determine why its level varies from one human to another. The article is very precise describing the functions of vitamin D3 which includes supporting bone strength, normalization of calcium blood levels, immunological regulation, and relation with the chronic disease incidence. The article also discusses how vitamin D3 relates to musculoskeletal integrity, cardiovascular functioning, mental/psychological wellbeing, and tumor inhibition. Vitamin D3 deficiency screening methodology including diagnosis, dietary sources and supplementation regime is assessed in detail. Lastly, the article touches on the potential of adding vitamin D3 in clinical work. Safety assessments are performed while considering possible side effects in relation to vitamin D3. This review underscored the critical role of vitamin D3 in sustaining human life and its significance for population health management.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"312 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF GUT MICROBIOTA IN IMMUNOMODULATION AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW","authors":"Olaa Moyad Ali","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-09","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation into autoimmune conditions, particularly the intricate interplay between the gut microbiome and the immune response, has emerged as a critical domain of scholarly scrutiny. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of prevailing views on the role of the gut microbiota in immune regulation and the development of autoimmune diseases. We begin this study by explaining the basic interactions of gut microorganisms and their relationship with the immune system. We then discuss dysbacteriosis and its implications for immune dysfunction, thus understanding the initiation of autoimmune reactions. Next, we delve into a section examining and reviewing clinical research findings identifying associations between differences in gut microbial compositions and various autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, this review addresses the methodological challenges that currently impede progress in this field and suggests approaches and plans for future research that may advance our understanding of the critical role played by the gut microbiota in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of autoimmune diseases. The article emphasizes the need to combine strategies to improve patient prognosis in cases of autoimmune diseases.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"2016 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT (VITIS VINIFERA) AGAINST CISPLATIN-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RABBITS. (HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY)","authors":"Abdelraouf A. Khatal, Jameelah A. H. Saeid, Laila R. Eljrieby, Amal A. Arhoma, Hoda S. Mansur, Ali I. Sati","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-07","url":null,"abstract":"Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of various cancer types. It can be considered a double-edged sword. It is a potent anticancer agent at the same time has toxic effect on various tissues as it causes hepatotoxicity. It was determined to cause liver toxicity and to weaken the antioxidant defense systems in liver. A decrease in antioxidant enzymes resulted from cisplatin induced tissue toxicity. Moreover, the development of therapies to prevent the appearance of cisplatin- induced tissue toxicities has focused on administration of antioxidants along with cisplatin treatment. The grape seeds exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties against oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of grape seed extract on the liver damage in cisplatin treated rabbits. Twenty seven healthy rabbits of local mixed breed were selected, divided into three equal groups, the first group (CON group) served as control and received a single intraperitoneal injection of normal saline solution once per week for 6 weeks; the second group (CIS group) were treated with therapeutic dose of cisplatin intraperitoneally once per week for six weeks; the third group (CIS+GSE group) served as protective group and was concomitantly treated with grape seeds extract by oral gavages and cisplatin injection intraperitoneally once per week for six successive weeks. Administration of grape seeds extract by oral gavages starting from the first day of the experiment for 6 consecutive days before and 6 consecutive days after the cisplatin injection and continued daily for 6 weeks. The histopathological findings present in current study showed that cisplatin toxicity produced significant structural changes in the liver of CIS group, cisplatin treated group, in the form of prominent disorganized architecture and loss of liver lobulation, distortion of the arrangement of parenchyma of the liver, loss of radial arrangement of sinusoids from the central vein of the liver, Dilatation and congestion of central veins, sinusoids and portal traids, degenerative changes in hepatocytes and pyknotic nuclei indicating necrosis. Marked vacuolar degeneration mainly hydropic ballooning degeneration and hyper activation of Kupffer cells and inflammatory cellular infiltrations were also observed. This finding reflected the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin in hepatic tissue. While, in the sections from the liver of animals received therapeutic dose of cisplatin and treated by grape seed extract, group (CIS+GSE) clearly showed that there was a significant alleviated hepatotoxicity, since histopathological changes were markedly less pronounced compared to animals treated with cisplatin alone. Therefore, and based on our findings, the grape seed extract contributes significantly to the improvement of histological alterations in rabbit liver caused by cisplatin.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139181158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ODONTOGENIC MAXILLOFACIAL CELLULITIS IN CHILDREN: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PREDICTORS","authors":"Dr Makungu Alain Patrick, Dr Moubissa MOUELE Datien, Dr Late Stephan, Dr Kengue MIKOLO Gabrielle, Dr Roukaya Mouhamed","doi":"10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-09-12-06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Odontogenic maxillofacial cellulitis is a serious acute infection of the cellulo-adipose tissues of the face and neck of dental origin that is life-threatening. The aim of this work is to determine the epidemiological aspects and predictive factors of odontogenic maxillofacial cellulitis. Materials and methods: This is a bi-centric, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study, from March 2016 to July 2022, carried out in the stomatology and maxillofacial surgery department and the ENT department. All patients under 18 years of age hospitalised for management of odontogenic maxillofacial cellulitis were included. Patients over 18 years of age and those with non-odontogenic cellulitis were not included. The parameters studied were frequency, age, sex, place of residence, school attendance, tooth brushing, dental check-ups, consumption of cariogenic foods, use of NSAIDs and self-medication. Results: This study collected 72 files over a period of 6 years. The frequency was 5.05% compared to hospitalisations in general and 28.33% compared to hospitalisations for cellulitis only. There were 42 boys with a sex ratio of 1.4. The mean age was 9.03±5.71 years. 93% lived in urban areas. 84.7% had self-medicated for toothache. 52.8% had used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Conclusion: Quite common condition in children. It is promoted by the consumption of cariogenic foods and self-medication with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.","PeriodicalId":503011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health","volume":"193 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139184096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}