Journal of Clinical Densitometry最新文献

{"title":"Moving towards an equitable future: Rethinking the use of race in pediatric densitometry","authors":"Amira Ramadan,&nbsp;Nessa Tantivit,&nbsp;Alicia Pendleton,&nbsp;Catherine M. Gordon,&nbsp;Robert H. Rosen,&nbsp;Nora E. Renthal","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current guidelines from the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) recommend considering race, sex, and age in calculating pediatric bone density z-scores by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). However, as patient populations become increasingly diverse, the application of these guidelines presents significant challenges, potentially leading to racial bias and systemic inequities in care. In response to growing calls for a reevaluation of race's role in clinical decision-making, we aimed to assess the readiness of front-line providers of DXA services to address these challenges. We conducted a professional, anonymized clinical practice survey targeting DXA technologists from various centers as part of a workshop for Reevaluation of the Role of Race, Ethnicity, and Ancestry in Clinical Decision-Making at the 2024 Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Society. The survey focused on their experiences with the recording and use of race demographics. Our findings revealed inconsistencies in race data collection practices, varying levels of perceived patient comfort, and concerns about the potential perpetuation of racial bias. These results highlight the need for standardized guidelines to facilitate the sensitive and unbiased collection of race-related data during DXA exams, ultimately promoting equitable care for all patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting bone mineral content from smartphone digital anthropometrics: evaluation of an existing application and the development of new prediction models","authors":"Austin J. Graybeal ,&nbsp;Sydney H. Swafford ,&nbsp;Abby T. Compton ,&nbsp;Megan E. Renna ,&nbsp;Tanner Thorsen ,&nbsp;Jon Stavres","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction/Background:</em> Bone mineral content (BMC) is most commonly evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), but there are several challenges that limit use of DXA during routine care. Breakthroughs in digital imaging now allow smartphone applications to automate important anthropometrics that can predict several body composition components. However, it is unknown whether the anthropometrics automated using smartphone applications can predict DXA-derived BMC.</div><div><em>Methodology:</em> A total of 214 participants (129 F, 85 M) had BMC measurements collected from an existing proprietary prediction equation, embedded within a smartphone application (MeThreeSixty), and evaluated against DXA. LASSO regression was then used to develop a new BMC prediction equation using the anthropometric estimates produced by the smartphone application in a portion of the participants (n = 174), which was subsequently evaluated against DXA in the remaining sample (n = 40). BMC z-scores were calculated and used to identify the prevalence of <em>low BMC</em> for the existing and newly developed smartphone prediction equations and evaluated against DXA-derived z-scores.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Neither BMC estimates (R²: 0.72; RMSE: 376 g) nor BMC z-scores (R²: 0.55; RMSE: 1.09 SD) produced from the existing propriety prediction equation demonstrated equivalence with DXA in the combined sample. Moreover, the existing prediction equation had a 69.6 % accuracy of identifying <em>low BMC</em>. LASSO regression for the newly developed smartphone prediction model produced the following equation:</div><div>BMC (g) = -2020.769 + 60.902(<em>Black=1, 0=all other races</em>) – 180.364(<em>Asian=1, 0=all other races</em>) + 24.433(<em>height</em>) + 1.702(<em>weight</em>) + 2.92(<em>shoulder circumference</em>) + 0.258(<em>arm surface area</em>) – 715.29(<em>waist circumference/(BMI^2/3 x height^1/2)</em>).</div><div>BMC (R²: 0.91; RMSE: 209 g) and BMC z-scores (R²: 0.85; RMSE: 0.61) produced from the newly developed equation in the testing sample demonstrated equivalence with DXA and had a 92.5 % accuracy of identifying <em>low BMC</em>.</div><div><em>Conclusions:</em> Smartphone anthropometrics provide accurate and clinically relevant BMC measurements outside of an advanced setting through the use of our newly-developed smartphone prediction model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunistic Screening for Low Bone Mineral Density in Routine Computed Tomography Scans: A Brazilian Validation Study","authors":"Felipe Welter Langer ,&nbsp;Giovanni Brondani Torri ,&nbsp;Fernando Schaffazick ,&nbsp;Guilherme Maia ,&nbsp;Camila Piovesan Wiethan ,&nbsp;Carlos Jesus Haygert ,&nbsp;Marcos Cordeiro d'Ornellas","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction/background:</em> Osteoporotic fractures are a major health concern worldwide due to high mortality rates, deterioration in quality of life, and elevated healthcare costs related to hospital treatment. However, most patients who sustain an osteoporotic fracture have never been formally screened for osteoporosis. Opportunistic screening of osteoporosis through conventional computed tomography (CT) scans performed for unrelated reasons could help identify patients with low bone mass. There are currently no studies validating the opportunistic screening of low bone mass through CT in South America. The aim of our study is to assess whether conventional CT scans could be used for the opportunistic screening of osteopenia and osteoporosis in Brazilian patients.</div><div><em>Methodology:</em> Patients who underwent unenhanced CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans within a six-month interval were assessed retrospectively. Mean CT attenuation was measured in the first lumbar vertebra (L1) in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes and compared to their respective DXA T-scores; vertebral fractures were assessed in the sagittal plane. Potential thresholds suggestive of low bone mass density (BMD) were established using receiver operating characteristics analysis.</div><div><em>Results:</em> 491 patients were included (93.2 % female; mean age of 64.1 ± 9.8 years; mean interval of 63.5 days between scans). Mean L1 CT attenuation was significantly lower in osteopenic and osteoporotic patients in all CT planes (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Positive linear correlations were found between DXA T-scores and the average L1 attenuations in all CT planes (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). An average L1 attenuation equal or below 100 Hounsfield Units (HU) in the sagittal plane identified low BMD (osteopenia or osteoporosis) with a specificity of 96.3 % and a positive predictive value of 96 %. In contrast, an average L1 attenuation above 180 HU demonstrated a sensitivity of 97.6 % and a negative predictive value of 94.9 % for detecting osteoporosis. Patients with L1 sagittal attenuation at or below 100 HU exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of vertebral fractures (prevalence ratio: 8.67; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). An online calculator based on the results of this study is freely available at <span><span>www.osteotc.com.br</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div><div><em>Conclusions:</em> Routine CT scans can identify probable low bone density (osteopenia or osteoporosis) in Brazilian patients without additional costs or radiation exposure. Opportunistic CT screening does not substitute formal bone mineral density assessment; instead, it assists in identifying patients who may benefit from it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of Selective Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors on Bone Mineral Density with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Healthy Controls","authors":"Süheyla Doğan Bulut ,&nbsp;Gamze Zengin İspir ,&nbsp;Serdar Bulut ,&nbsp;Emine AK Aygün","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Purpose:</em> This study investigated the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) use and the risk of decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Sixty-three patients diagnosed with GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) were treated with venlafaxine or duloxetine from the SNRI group, and sixty patients treated with SSRIs were enrolled. Social demographic features, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS) results, and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) scores of all the patients were assessed. The BMD (bone mineral density) of the patients was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the femoral and lumbar regions. The BMD of the patients was compared with that of 40 healthy controls.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Bone measurements in the SNRI and SSRI users were similar to those of the healthy controls. However, osteopenic values were observed in the SSRI users, while normal bone density was found in the SNRI users. Also, the bone mineral densities were compared between patients using duloxetine and venlafaxine with healthy controls, showing similar T-score and Z-score values with no significant differences compared to the control group. However, while the lumbar region T-scores of those using duloxetine were within normal values, they were within the osteopenia range of venlafaxine and healthy controls.</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> SNRIs may have a lower risk of developing osteoporosis than SSRIs. Of the SNRIs, duloxetine appears to be safer than venlafaxine. Further randomized controlled studies are warranted to determine whether SNRI use is risky.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canadian adult reference data for body composition, trabecular bone score and advanced hip analysis using DXA","authors":"Lauren A. Burt ,&nbsp;Liam T. Pond ,&nbsp;Annabel R. Bugbird ,&nbsp;David A. Hanley ,&nbsp;Steven K. Boyd","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DXA-derived reference data for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and advanced hip analysis (AHA) parameters spanning the entire adult lifespan are limited. The purpose of this study was to develop age-, site- and sex-specific reference data for dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) -derived body composition, trabecular bone score (TBS) and advanced hip analysis (AHA) parameters across the adult lifespan. Adults (N = 908; female: 561 and male: 347) from Calgary and the surrounding area over the age of 20 years participated in this study. Participants received DXA scans of their hip (total hip [TH] and femoral neck [FN]), lumbar spine [LS], forearm [33 % site] and total body (iDXA, GE Lunar, GE Healthcare). Areal bone mineral density (aBMD, g/cm²) was captured at all sites, and body composition variables, including lean mass, fat mass and percent fat, were analyzed from the total body scan. VAT mass was assessed from total body DXA scans. Advanced hip analysis (AHA) was performed on hip scans and trabecular bone score (TBS) on the LS scans to assess bone quality. Site- and sex-specific centile curves and tables were generated using the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) method. Clinicians and researchers can use these Canadian reference data as a tool to assess body composition, TBS and AHA parameters across the adult lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of bone health among kidney transplant recipients – A prospective, single center, observational cohort study from India","authors":"Selvin Sundar Raj Mani ,&nbsp;Kripa Elizabeth Cherian ,&nbsp;Nitin Kapoor ,&nbsp;Athul Thomas ,&nbsp;Jeethu Joseph Eapen ,&nbsp;Elenjickal Elias John ,&nbsp;Sabina Yusuf ,&nbsp;Mercy Deborah ,&nbsp;Grace Rebekah ,&nbsp;Anjali Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Suceena Alexander ,&nbsp;Vinoi George David ,&nbsp;Santosh Varughese ,&nbsp;Thomas V. Paul ,&nbsp;Anna T. Valson","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background:</em> There is a paucity of studies describing trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone mineral density (BMD) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients from developing countries. <em>Study setting:</em> This prospective observational study, from a tertiary teaching hospital in India assessed clinical, biochemical parameters including bone turnover markers and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for BMD/TBS, hip structural analysis (HSA) and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) at pre-KT, 3 months and 12 months post-KT. <em>Results:</em> A total of 53 KT recipients (90.6% living related) were recruited from August 2019 to March 2020 and followed till 1-year post-KT. The mean age was 33.9±10.4 years, 71.7% were males, and 11.5% had a history of pre-KT steroid use. Baseline fractures pre-KT as assessed by VFA were seen in 4 patients (7.5%). Mean BMD at spine and femoral neck and HSA variables at narrow neck and femoral shaft continued to decline till 3 months, but stabilised and reached pre-KT values 12 months post-KT. However, TBS and bone turn over markers continued to decline till 12 months post-KT (p value &lt;0.001). New onset vertebral fractures were seen in 2(3.7%) and 1 patient (2.3%) at 3- and 12-months post-KT respectively. Pre-KT BMD significantly influenced bone health at 12 months post-KT, with patients in each quartile maintaining a similar trajectory over the follow up period (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). <em>Conclusion:</em> Despite significant improvement in kidney function following transplant, TBS and BMD of the spine significantly decreased mainly in the early post-KT period suggesting the effect of immunosuppressants on the bone. Strategies to improve bone health in KT patients are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractal Analysis of Mandible in Panoramic Radiographs of Patients Received Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma","authors":"Rabia Duman Tepe ,&nbsp;Kubra Ozkaya Toraman ,&nbsp;Kivanc Bektas Kayhan ,&nbsp;Ilknur Ozcan ,&nbsp;Hulya Cakir Karabas","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Purpose:</em> This study aimed to assess the impact of radiotherapy on the internal structure complexity of mandibular cortical and trabecular bone and to determine the duration required for a return to healthy values post-radiotherapy.</div><div><em>Materials and Methods:</em> Panoramic radiographs from patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed before and after treatment. Four groups were formed based on post-radiotherapy radiography timing (0-6 months, 6-12 months, 12-24 months, and 24-36 months), comprising a total of 59 cases and 118 radiographs. Fractal analysis was conducted on four bilateral regions (ROI) in both trabecular and cortical bone on each radiograph. Additionally, measurements of inferior alveolar canal width and mandibular cortical width were performed. Mean and maximum radiation dose values to the mandible were measured, and their correlation with changes in fractal dimension, inferior alveolar canal width, and mandibular cortical width values was assessed.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Fractal dimension values in regions over trabecular bone showed a statistically significant decrease in all groups, although no significant difference was observed among the four groups. In ROI-4 from cortical bone, a significant fractal dimension decrease was noted in all groups except the 0-6 month group. The magnitude of fractal dimension decrease was higher in the 12-24 and 24-36 month groups compared to the 0-6 month group. inferior alveolar canal width and mandibular cortical width values significantly decreased post-radiotherapy in all groups, with a consistent decrease across the groups.</div><div><em>Conclusions:</em> Radiotherapy induces a reduction in the internal complexity of trabecular and cortical bone structures in the mandible. Osteoradionecrosis risk persists even three years post-radiotherapy, suggesting a cautious approach to interventional procedures on the bone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 1","pages":"Article 101531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Lumbar Spine Vertebral Fractures on Trabecular Bone Score (TBS): The Manitoba BMD Registry","authors":"William D. Leslie ,&nbsp;Neil Binkley ,&nbsp;Didier Hans","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a BMD-independent risk factor for fracture. During BMD reporting, it is standard practice to exclude lumbar vertebral levels affected by structural artifact. It is uncertain whether TBS is affected by lumbar spine fractures. The current study examined the effect of lumbar spine compression fractures on TBS measurements. We identified 656 individuals with vertebral fractures (mean age 75.8 ± 7.9 years, 90.9% female) who had lumbar spine DXA, TBS measurements from L1-L4 and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) for identifying vertebral fractures. There were 272 cases with lumbar spine fractures and 384 controls with only thoracic spine fractures. L1 TBS and BMD were significantly greater in those with than without lumbar fractures (p&lt; 0.001) but did not significantly differ for other vertebral levels or for L1-L4 combined. TBS and BMD measurements were then renormalized to remove level-specific differences (denoted rTBS and rBMD). The mean difference (all fractured minus all non-fractured vertebrae) was +0.040 (+3.3%) for rTBS and +0.088 g/cm² (+9.5%) for rBMD (both p &lt;0.001). The largest effect was for L1 with mean difference +0.058 (+4.9%) for rTBS and +0.098 g/cm² (+10.6%) for rBMD (both p &lt;0.001). The mean difference between fractured and non-fractured levels for rTBS was +0.028 (+2.4%) for grade 1, +0.036 (+3.0%) for grade 2 and +0.059 (+5.0%) for grade 3 fractures; for rBMD +0.051 (+5.5%), +0.076 (+8.2%) and +0.151 (+16.4%) g/cm², respectively. The impact of excluding lumbar vertebral levels with fracture from the L1-L4 TBS measurement overall was small (-0.011 [-1.0%]; p&lt;0.001) and was also small for grade 3 fractures (-0.020 [-1.7%]; p&lt;0.001). In summary, TBS is mildly increased by VFA-confirmed lumbar vertebral fractures, but the percentage effect is much smaller (less than half) than seen for BMD and minimally affects TBS measured from L1-L4. This would support the use of L1-L4 without exclusions in individuals with lumbar vertebral fractures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 4","pages":"Article 101533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical and biological reliability of pQCT measured bone and muscle tissue quality across the age-span","authors":"Grace L. Rose ,&nbsp;Alex N. Boytar ,&nbsp;Isabel N. King ,&nbsp;Morgan J. Farley ,&nbsp;Michelle Maugham-Macan ,&nbsp;Tina L. Skinner ,&nbsp;Kate A. Bolam ,&nbsp;Mia A. Schaumberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction:</em> Reliable peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) assessment is essential to the accurate longitudinal reporting of bone and muscle quality. However, the between-day reliability of pQCT and the influence of age on outcome reliability is currently unknown.</p><p><em>Objective:</em> To quantify the same- and between-day reliability of morphological pQCT at proximal and distal segments of the forearm, shank, and thigh, and explore the influence of participant body size, age, and sex on outcome reliability.</p><p><em>Methods:</em> Men and women (49 % female, 18-85 years, n=72-86) completed two consecutive-day pQCT testing sessions, where repeat measurements were conducted on day-one for technical error, and between-day for biological error quantification. Testing was undertaken following best practice body composition testing guidance, including standardized presentation and consistent time-of-day.</p><p><em>Results:</em> All measurements of bone were classified as having ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (r=0.786- 0.999], as were measurements of muscle area (ICC r=0.991-0.999) and total fat (r=0.996-0.999). However, between- and same-day muscle density measurements at the thigh and forearm were classified as ‘poor’ (r=0.476) and ‘moderate’ (r=0.622), respectively. Likewise, intramuscular fat area at the thigh was classified as ‘moderate’ (r=0.737) for between-day measurement. Biological error was inflated compared to technical error by an average of 0.4 % for most measurements. Error values tended to increase proportionally with the amount of tissue quantified and males had significantly greater biological error for measurement of distal tibial bone (<em>p</em>&lt;0.002) and trabecular area (<em>p</em>&lt;0.002). Biological error was inflated among older adults for measurement of forearm muscle density (<em>p</em>&lt;0.002).</p><p><em>Conclusions:</em> Most pQCT outcomes can be implemented with confidence, especially outcomes that assess bone area and density at any of the radial, tibial, and femoral sites investigated herein. However, it is important to account for the influence of biological measurement error in further studies, especially for muscle and intramuscular fat outcomes derived by pQCT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 4","pages":"Article 101522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between body composition and bone mineral density differs by sex and skeletal site in overweight and obese Chinese subjects","authors":"Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Yanhong Guo ,&nbsp;Fangli Zhou ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Suyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Chenghui Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingxia Li ,&nbsp;Yunhong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies have yielded inconsistent results regarding the relationship between obesity and bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of body composition on BMD and the serum sclerostin level in overweight and obese adults. The study had a cross-sectional design and included 90 men and 118 women with a body mass index ≥25. Fat mass, lean mass, and spinal and pelvic BMD were measured using dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry. Subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, and lean mass were measured between L2 and L3 by 16-slice spiral computed tomography. The serum sclerostin level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson analysis showed that fat mass and appendicular lean mass were positively correlated with spinal BMD in both sexes. A positive association of both fat mass and lean mass with pelvic BMD, which was stronger in women, was also found. Partial correlation analysis showed the positive association between fat mass and BMD was significantly attenuated but the positive association between lean mass and pelvic BMD remained after adjustment for age and body weight. A negative correlation was observed between visceral fat and spinal and pelvic BMD only in women, and the positive association between lean mass with pelvic BMD was more obvious in women than in men, indicating body composition seemed to have a greater impact on the BMD in women. The serum sclerostin level was positively associated with BMD but not with body composition. These findings suggest that the correlation between body composition and BMD is influenced by sex and skeletal site.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 4","pages":"Article 101526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142095761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}