Communications Psychology最新文献

Stability and robustness of idiosyncratic choice bias. 特质选择偏差的稳定性和稳健性。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00263-0

Lior Lebovich, Lea Kaplan, David Hansel, Yonatan Loewenstein

{"title":"Stability and robustness of idiosyncratic choice bias.","authors":"Lior Lebovich, Lea Kaplan, David Hansel, Yonatan Loewenstein","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00263-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00263-0","url":null,"abstract":"A well-known observation in repeated-choice experiments is that a tendency to prefer one response over the others emerges if the feedback consistently favors that response. Choice bias, a tendency to prefer one response over the others, however, is not restricted to biased-feedback settings and is also observed when the feedback is unbiased. In fact, participant-specific choice bias, known as idiosyncratic choice bias (ICB), is common even in symmetrical experimental settings in which feedback is completely absent. Here we ask whether feedback-induced bias and ICB share a common mechanism. Specifically, we ask whether ICBs reflect idiosyncrasies in choice-feedback associations prior to the measurement of the ICB. To address this question, we compared the long-term dynamics of ICBs with feedback-induced biases in two longitudinal experiments involving 319 participants. We show that while feedback effectively induced choice preferences, its effect was transient and diminished within several weeks. By contrast, we show that ICBs remained stable for at least 22 months. These results indicate that different mechanisms underlie the idiosyncratic and feedback-induced biases.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Little evidence for a role of facial mimicry in the transmission of stress from parents to adolescent children. 几乎没有证据表明面部模仿在父母将压力传递给青少年的过程中起作用。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00260-3

Jost Ulrich Blasberg, Philipp Kanske, Veronika Engert

{"title":"Little evidence for a role of facial mimicry in the transmission of stress from parents to adolescent children.","authors":"Jost Ulrich Blasberg, Philipp Kanske, Veronika Engert","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00260-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00260-3","url":null,"abstract":"Empathic stress, the spontaneous reproduction of psychosocial stress by mere observation, has been shown to occur between strangers, romantic partners and in mother-child dyads. However, the mechanisms by which stress is transmitted have yet to be understood. We investigated whether facial mimicry modulates the transmission of psychosocial stress. Adolescents (13-16 years old) observed their mothers or fathers (N = 77) undergo a standardized laboratory stressor. Parents' and adolescents' faces were videotaped during the stress task and dyads simultaneously provided multiple samples of subjective stress, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and salivary cortisol. The degree to which adolescents mimicked their parents' facial expressions was calculated in a multi-step procedure based on windowed-cross-lagged-regressions. To integrate the correlational structure of mimicry across different facial action units (AU), an exploratory factor analysis was employed. The solution revealed a two-factor model, constructed of a positive latent factor subsuming mimicked action units associated with the act of smiling and a negative latent factor, subsuming mimicked action units used for various negative emotions. None of the stress markers were significantly associated with the extracted latent factors indexing mimicry between parents and adolescents, providing no statistically significant evidence for an association between facial mimicry and stress-transmission in the parent-adolescent dyad. Bayes Factors generally indicated moderate evidence for a lack of association with the positive and anecdotal evidence for a lack of association with negative latent mimicry factors. In conclusion, our approach to video-based mimicry calculation showed promising results in that mimicry of positive and negative emotions could be detected, albeit no evidence for a link to actual empathic stress transmission in the laboratory was found.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feature identification learning both shapes and is shaped by spatial object-similarity representations. 特征识别学习形状和形状的空间对象相似表示。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00259-w

Jonathan K Doyon, Sarah Shomstein, Gabriela Rosenblau

{"title":"Feature identification learning both shapes and is shaped by spatial object-similarity representations.","authors":"Jonathan K Doyon, Sarah Shomstein, Gabriela Rosenblau","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00259-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00259-w","url":null,"abstract":"Object knowledge is bound together in semantic networks that can be spatially represented. How these knowledge representations shape and are in turn shaped by learning remains unclear. Here, we directly examined how object similarity representations impact implicit learning of feature dimensions and how learning, in turn, influences these representations. In a pre-experiment, 237 adult participants arranged object-pictures in a spatial arena, revealing semantic relatedness of everyday objects across categories: activity, fashion, and foods. The subsequent experiment assessed whether these semantic relationships played a role in implicitly learning specific object features in a separate adult participant group (N = 82). Participants inferred the meanings of two pseudo-words through feedback. Using computational modeling, we tested various learning strategies and established that learning was guided by semantic relationships quantified in the pre-experiment. Post-learning arrangements reflected object similarity representations as well as the learned feature. We directly show that similarity representations guide implicit learning and that learning in turn reshapes existing knowledge representations.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multilevel multiverse meta-analysis indicates lower IQ as a risk factor for physical and mental illness. 多层次多元宇宙荟萃分析表明，低智商是身体和精神疾病的危险因素。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00245-2

Jonathan Fries, Sandra Oberleiter, Fabian A Bodensteiner, Nikolai Fries, Jakob Pietschnig

{"title":"Multilevel multiverse meta-analysis indicates lower IQ as a risk factor for physical and mental illness.","authors":"Jonathan Fries, Sandra Oberleiter, Fabian A Bodensteiner, Nikolai Fries, Jakob Pietschnig","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00245-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00245-2","url":null,"abstract":"Is lower intelligence in early life an overlooked risk factor for later physical and mental illness? Intelligence shapes decision-making, career paths, and other health-relevant factors. However, our understanding of its association with health remains limited because there is no quantitative synthesis of the literature. Here, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of associations between intelligence test scores and mental and physical health. We included studies reporting standardized intelligence test scores obtained in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood (<21 years of age) and their association with later-life health outcomes. We excluded studies limited to clinical populations without healthy controls. Our three-level multiverse analyses of 49 studies (N > 2,900,000) showed a 15-point IQ disadvantage in early life was associated with a 22 percent higher risk of later mental and physical illness (logHR = 0.20, 95% CI [0.13, 0.26]). Lower IQ predicted disease risk across various conditions, including schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and diabetes. Notably, the association between IQ and future health diminished with improved healthcare quality and when education was statistically held constant. Nevertheless, a meaningful effect of intelligence remained after adjusting for these variables. Multiple methods for detecting dissemination bias indicated that risk of bias was low. While our summary effect estimates are precise, all included data were collected in highly developed nations. Further, samples were predominantly male, potentially limiting generalizability. We show that lower IQ scores in early life are linked to a higher risk of later physical and mental illness. Improving education and healthcare quality appears as potential measures to address the issue. This research received no specific funding.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Of artwork, court files, and lullabies. 艺术品，法庭文件，还有摇篮曲。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00253-2

引用次数: 0

Humorous peer play and social understanding in childhood. 儿童时期幽默的同伴游戏和社会理解。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00252-3

Amy Louise Paine, Salim Hashmi, Elian Fink, Peter Mitchell, Nina Howe

{"title":"Humorous peer play and social understanding in childhood.","authors":"Amy Louise Paine, Salim Hashmi, Elian Fink, Peter Mitchell, Nina Howe","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00252-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00252-3","url":null,"abstract":"Humour plays a crucial role in children's early interactions, likely promoting the development of social understanding and fostering positive social relationships. To date, the connection between humour production in peer play and the development of social understanding skills in middle childhood has received limited attention. In a community sample of 130 children residing in the UK (M = 6.16 years old, range 5-7; 67 [51.5%] girls, 62 [47.7%] boys, and 1 [0.8%] non-binary child; 95 [73.1%] mothers and 85 [65.4%] fathers identified as Welsh, English, Scottish, or Irish), we tested our prediction that children's use of humour in play with peers would be positively associated with children's ability to understand the minds of others. We conducted detailed observational coding of children's humour production during peer play and examined associations with children's performance on a battery of social understanding assessments. Multilevel models showed that 42.8% of the variance in children's humour production was explained by play partner effects. When controlling for the effect of play partner and other individual child characteristics (age, gender, receptive vocabulary) children's spontaneous attributions of mental states were associated with humour production. Results are discussed considering how these playful exchanges reflect and influence the development of children's socio-cognitive competencies.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence that prenatal care visit experiences influence perceptions of the child. 证据表明，产前护理访问经验影响儿童的看法。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00256-z

Kaylin E Hill, Abigail L Blum, Regan Carell, Kathryn L Humphreys

{"title":"Evidence that prenatal care visit experiences influence perceptions of the child.","authors":"Kaylin E Hill, Abigail L Blum, Regan Carell, Kathryn L Humphreys","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00256-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00256-z","url":null,"abstract":"Parents' descriptions of their baby prenatally are associated with later caregiving behavior and attachment. We present two studies to investigate the role of prenatal care visits in shaping prenatal perceptions. In Study 1, 320 pregnant people provided a description of their baby, and at a follow-up (n = 173) reported on their toddler's behavioral and emotional difficulties. Descriptors attributed to prenatal care visit experiences, versus other sources, had a more negative tone. More negative descriptions were prospectively associated with greater child difficulties. In Study 2, 161 people reported on the personality of a baby following an imagined prenatal care visit, in which participants were randomly assigned to conditions differing in statements made by the healthcare provider. Provider statements were associated with differences in perceptions of the fetus. Our findings provide evidence that prenatal care experiences influence perceptions of a child's personality prior to birth, with potential consequences for later child functioning.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sense of agency for a new motor skill emerges via the formation of a structural internal model. 一种新的运动技能的代理感是通过内部结构模型的形成而产生的。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00240-7

Takumi Tanaka, Hiroshi Imamizu

{"title":"Sense of agency for a new motor skill emerges via the formation of a structural internal model.","authors":"Takumi Tanaka, Hiroshi Imamizu","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00240-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00240-7","url":null,"abstract":"Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the feeling of controlling one's body and the external environment. The traditional comparator model posits that SoA arises from a match between predicted and actual action outcomes. However, when learning new motor skills, individuals initially lack outcome predictions and gradually develop an internal model of action-outcome mapping through trial-and-error, a process known as motor exploration. To investigate the development of SoA in such scenarios, we employed a de novo motor learning task that participants had never experienced before. Using a data glove, participants controlled a cursor on a screen through finger movements. In Experiment 1, participants learned a spatial hand-to-screen mapping from scratch via motor exploration. At different learning phases, we measured and compared participants' SoA for cursor movements that either conformed to the learned mapping or incorporated spatial or temporal biases. Initially, SoA was driven solely by temporal contiguity between finger and cursor movements. As learning progressed, SoA increased for cursor movements following the learned mapping compared to those following the spatially biased, unlearned mapping. In contrast, such changes did not occur in Experiment 2, where participants only imitated gesture images and memorized corresponding screen positions. The findings enhance existing SoA theories by elucidating the origins of the comparator process and highlighting the critical role of motor exploration.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using computational models of learning to advance cognitive behavioral therapy. 使用学习的计算模型来推进认知行为疗法。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00251-4

Isabel M Berwian, Peter Hitchock, Sashank Pisupati, Gila Schoen, Yael Niv

{"title":"Using computational models of learning to advance cognitive behavioral therapy.","authors":"Isabel M Berwian, Peter Hitchock, Sashank Pisupati, Gila Schoen, Yael Niv","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00251-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00251-4","url":null,"abstract":"Many psychotherapy interventions have a large evidence base and can help a substantial number of people with symptoms of mental health conditions. However, we still have little understanding of why treatments work. Early advances in psychotherapy, such as the development of exposure therapy, built on theoretical and experimental evidence from Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning. More generally, all psychotherapy achieves change through learning. The past 25 years have seen substantial developments in computational models of learning, with increased computational precision and a focus on multiple learning mechanisms and their interaction. Now might be a good time to formalize psychotherapy interventions as computational models of learning to improve our understanding of mechanisms of change in psychotherapy. To advance research and help bring together a new joint field of theory-driven computational psychotherapy, we first review literature on cognitive behavioral therapy (exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring) and introduce computational models of reinforcement learning and representation learning. We then suggest a mapping of these learning algorithms on change processes presumably underlying the effects of exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring. Finally, we outline how the understanding of interventions through the lens of learning algorithms can inform intervention research.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Free recall is shaped by inference and scaffolded by event structure. 自由回忆由推理塑造，由事件结构支撑。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00243-4

Ata B Karagoz, Wouter Kool, Zachariah M Reagh

{"title":"Free recall is shaped by inference and scaffolded by event structure.","authors":"Ata B Karagoz, Wouter Kool, Zachariah M Reagh","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00243-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00243-4","url":null,"abstract":"Though everyday life is continuous, people understand and remember experiences as discrete events separated by boundaries. Event boundaries influence the temporal structure of memory, and have been proposed to enhance encoding of boundary-adjacent information. However, the extent to which event boundaries influence memory for specific items, and their effect on memory in interactive environments are not well understood. Here, we designed a task to test how boundaries between hidden rules and uncertainty about those rules affect free recall of item-level information. Participants (n = 66) responded to a sequence of individual word stimuli, with words grouped by hidden rules forming events, and abrupt shifts between rules causing event boundaries. Afterwards, participants freely recalled words from the task. Recall was clustered based on event structure, such that words from the same discrete event tended to be recalled together. Contrary to predictions of theories of event cognition, recall was worse for words encoded immediately after event boundaries. Finally, we used a reinforcement-learning model to characterize recall performance, allowing us to infer a positive relationship between decision certainty and recall success. These findings indicate that the structure of events and inferences made over that structure play important roles in shaping episodic memories.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0