Innovations in pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"\"I think deprescribing is very needed in our society:\" Healthcare Professional Students Perceptions of Deprescribing Education.","authors":"Alina Cernasev, Devin Scott, Rachel Barenie, Crystal Walker, Muneeza Khan, Paul Koltnow, William R Callahan, Amy Hall","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.5948","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.5948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction:</i> Deprescribing is a complex and pivotal process in the healthcare system that requires the involvement of different healthcare professionals, as well as patients and family members. Given the multifaceted healthcare professionals involved in deprescribing, fostering interdisciplinary healthcare teams during the didactic and experiential educational engagement is imperative. Thus, this study aimed to characterize healthcare professional students' opinions on the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to deprescribing during the didactic and experiential components of the curriculum. <i>Methods:</i> This qualitative study was conducted with healthcare professional students enrolled in a professional degree program at one Mid-South health science center located in the US. Focus groups were conducted via an online platform over three months in 2022, and recruitment continued until thematic saturation was achieved. Using Thematic Analysis, the corpus of the transcribed data was imported into Dedoose®, a qualitative software that facilitated the analysis. <i>Results:</i> A total of 36 healthcare professional students participated in four focus groups. Three themes emerged from the data: 1) setting the stage for deprescribing, 2) developing interprofessional deprescribing simulations, 3) potential positive patient outcomes. In the first theme, the healthcare professional students describe current challenges in the deprescribing process that call attention to the interprofessional nature of deprescribing. The second theme demonstrates the necessity of developing interprofessional simulations to educate healthcare professional students in the practice of deprescribing. Finally, in the third theme, the healthcare professional students illustrate the potential of interprofessional education on deprescribing to improve patient outcomes. <i>Conclusion:</i> The data highlights that there was strong agreement between extant literature and health professions participants on barriers to deprescribing, including interprofessional communication issues, and on the recommendation to enact interprofessional healthcare simulation education on deprescribing. In addition, the potential benefits of increased interprofessional education will provide immeasurable benefits and create an ample understanding of the health professions roles. These findings suggest that deprescribing focused interprofessional healthcare simulation educational activities should be conducted and assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessibility of Diabetes Therapy Management for Patients with Visual Impairment.","authors":"Cambrey Nguyen, Lisa Lim, Emily Conard, Arinze Nkemdirim Okere","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6233","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: According to the Centers for Disease Control, 11.8% of adults diagnosed with diabetes have severe vision difficulty or blindness, a complication of uncontrolled diabetes. The study evaluated the accessibility features of the most commonly used injectable products for diabetes and blood glucose monitors and obtained recommendations from manufacturers regarding use of these products in patients with visual disabilities. Additionally, accessibility of the medication guides was assessed using a checklist and screen reader. <i>Methods</i>: Selection of the most commonly prescribed insulin products, GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs, and blood glucose monitors were identified from the ClinCalc DrugStats database and ADA list. The accessibility features of these products were determined from the medication guides and verification of the information with the manufacturers were done in August 2022. All medication guides were then assessed using a checklist and tested with a screen reader for accessibility. Descriptive statistics were used to report the data. <i>Results</i>: No injectable products or glucose monitoring systems were fully accessible and manufacturers advised to use the product with caution and/or required assistance from a caregiver or family member. In evaluating the 14 medication guides for accessibility using the checklist, the most common issues were lack of structured headings to help with navigation, no descriptions for images, and tables did not have appropriate headers. <i>Conclusions</i>: Due to the lack of accessible features on diabetes medical devices and glucose monitoring systems, healthcare professionals can seek alternatives to assist this patient population to effectively manage their therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Pharmacist Expertise on Acceptance Rates in a Comprehensive E-Consult Program within a Large Academic Health System.","authors":"Carrie Freed, Cynthia King, Brandon Soltesz, M David Gothard, Bushra Altabbaa, Aleksandra Majstorovic","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6278","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Although electronic consults (e-consults) are utilized in healthcare systems by medical professionals, use of e-consults by pharmacy remains novel outside of niche disease states. Additional research is required to fill literature gaps to assist in optimizing the pharmacist's role in e-consult programs. <i>Objective:</i> This study aimed to assess the impact of pharmacist expertise on e-consult outcomes. <i>Methods:</i> This study was a retrospective review of all pharmacy e-consults completed by pharmacists at a large academic health system between March 1st, 2020, and August 31st, 2022. This was deemed quality improvement and did not require Institutional Review Board approval. E-consults were identified using a report. Key data collection points included e-consult disease state, ordering provider, pharmacists' specialty, and recommendation result. The primary outcome was the difference in acceptance rates of expert versus non-expert pharmacist recommendations. Secondary outcomes included the overall implementation rate, implementation rate over time, acceptance rate between provider types, time to implementation, and pharmacist response time. Acceptance rates were compared between expert/non-expert dichotomy via Pearson chi-square test. <i>Results:</i> A total of 375 e-consults met inclusion criteria and spanned 19 unique disease states. The three most common included diabetes mellitus (27.0%), pain management (13.1%), and mental health (11.0%). Nearly 60% of e-consults were in a disease with an expert. The provider acceptance rate was higher when e-consults were completed by an expert versus non-expert (62.6% versus 39.6% respectively, p = 0.002). The overall implementation rate was 51.8%. Physicians (MD/DOs) accepted the pharmacist's recommendations 55.6% of the time, advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) 64.7%, physician assistants (PAs) 100.0%, and other professionals 25.0% (p = 0.033). Mean time to recommendation implementation was 16.5 days (SD = 29.4 days). Mean time to pharmacist response was 1.1 days (SD = 1.4 days). <i>Conclusions:</i> Comprehensive e-consult programs are more successful when integrating expert pharmacists.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical Telemonitoring for Patients With Psychiatric Disorders: Implementation Description.","authors":"Camila Lima, Joslene Barreto, Max Viana, Izabel Alves","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6218","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telecare has exhibited efficacy in managing various chronic clinical conditions and presents potential in the surveillance of patients with psychiatric disorders, an area necessitating further investigation. Herein, we delineate an adjunct for pharmacotherapeutic oversight of individuals with psychiatric disorders receiving care at a public mental health outpatient facility. This manuscript serves as an implementation dossier detailing the progression of a preliminary trial. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 21 patients, monitored between January 2022 and October 2022. Predominantly, schizophrenia constituted the primary psychiatric disorder among the cohort, accounting for 61.9% of cases. Across 79 remote consultations, averaging 3.8 consultations per patient, text messages constituted 52% (41/79) of the interactions. Throughout the telemonitoring process, diligent monitoring of patients' self-reported concerns was facilitated, permitting pharmaceutical interventions encompassing health advisories (52.7%) and recommendations for therapeutic adjustments (34.4%). Consequently, telemonitoring yielded an augmented pharmaceutical support framework for psychiatric patients, thereby presenting a plausible avenue for enhancing accessibility within public healthcare institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacist-Led Diabetes Management Across Primary Care Clinics.","authors":"Cynthia A King, Benjamin S King, Tara Nagaraj, M Dave Gothard","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6300","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose:</i> Ambulatory care pharmacists (ACPs) on healthcare teams improve patient outcomes and can manage multiple chronic disease states. ACPs have demonstrated clinical benefit but need to prove financial sustainability. The primary objective of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of utilizing ACPs for diabetes mellitus (DM) management. <i>Methods:</i> This was a quasi-experimental, retrospective, single health system, multi-clinic cohort study of 406 patients living with DM, ≥ 18 years of age, with a HbA1c of ≥ 8%, receiving primary care services within an academic health system between May 2015 to March 2018. In the ACP group, the ACP was part of the care team for DM management while in the PCP group, patients were managed only by a PCP with or without an endocrinologist (usual care). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated to determine the clinic-associated cost of an ACP-led DM management clinic. <i>Results:</i> Based on the ICER calculation, clinic-associated cost for ACP-led DM management was $126 per patient per year for each additional HbA1c percent lowered. Additional ICER calculations demonstrated the clinic-associated cost to move one patient with HbA1c ≥9% to HbA1c < 9% was $612. Change in HbA1c over 12 months was -2.5% in the ACP group and in the PCP group +1.08% (p<0.001). Based on quality metrics at 12-months, the ACP group met the goal of 75% of patients having a HbA1c < 9% and being prescribed a statin vs. the PCP group only met the metric for statin use. Based on facility fee billing, the ACPs cover approximately 70% of their annual salary and benefits from face-to-face visits. <i>Conclusions:</i> ACPs led to significantly improved clinical outcomes with marginal up-front costs that could lead potential future cost savings through reductions in DM related complications or improving incentivized returns by achieving goal quality metric levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability and Types of Pressure Ulcer Medications at Community Pharmacies in the Accra Metropolis of Ghana.","authors":"Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington, Irene Akwo Kretchy, Isaac Julius Asiedu-Gyekye, Maame Kyiafi Oppong-Beniako, Obed Kufoalor, Gilnel Adjei Adjetey, Michael Agyapong Mintah, Henry Nettey","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6197","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pressure ulcers (PU) arise from prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissue due to pathological changes in blood flow. They usually develop in people who are immobilized due to certain medical conditions. The incidence of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardio-vascular diseases are on the ascendency. These conditions, if not managed adequately could render patients incapacitated, leaving them bedridden for long periods. The chances of these individuals developing PU are very high. Currently in Ghana, information on medications for the management of various stages of PU are not readily available. Prevention of PU has been the goal of nursing care, however, in the case where preventive care is not successful, there should be effective and efficient medications for the management of the PU. <i>Method:</i> The study design was descriptive cross-sectional. To get a good representation of the availability of PU medications in the entire metropolis, a stratified sampling approach was used. The 10 districts within the metropolitan area were taken as the strata. Towns within each district were identified, and mapped out. From each town, community pharmacies were randomly selected. It was ensured that pharmacies selected were well spread out (located distance apart). Researchers had to collect data from three or more pharmacies from each town. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from pharmacists working in these pharmacies. By this approach, the availability of PU medications across the entire metropolitan area was revealed. <i>Results:</i> 241 pharmacies were visited, out of which 192 respondents took part in the study. Approximately 83.3% of these pharmacies had pressure ulcer medications. Majority of the medications available in the community pharmacies visited were hydrophobic based dressings., while hydrophilic based dressings were less than 1%. Implying that patients having PU that produce scopious exudate will have challenges acquiring the necessary dressings to manage the wounds. The dressings which were mostly available, had other indications apart from Pressure Ulcer. Patronage of the available PU medications in the Accra metropolis was average. <i>Conclusion:</i> There are pressure ulcer medications available in pharmacies within the Accra metropolis of Ghana. Although the medications are averagely patronized, there are not many types available. Hydrophilic based dressings were not readily available.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Pharmacists' Perspectives on Prescribing Authority for the Minor Ailments and Contraception Service in British Columbia.","authors":"Karen Dahri, Yiu-Ching Jennifer Wong, Peter Loewen, Jiven Basi, Sohail Sidhu, Parkash Ragsdale, Arden Barry, Rob Pammett","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6230","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.6230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Recent changes to legislation in British Columbia (BC) have expanded the scope of pharmacist-provided services to include pharmacist prescribing for minor ailments and contraception (PPMAC). The purpose of this study was to gather community-based pharmacists' perspectives on these changes to practice. <i>Methods:</i> This was a cross-sectional online survey study. The study population was pharmacists practicing in community settings in BC. A 28-question survey was developed to capture the uptake of prescribing in the pharmacists' practices, their views on PPMAC, educational supports, and workplace-specific questions. Invitations to participate were disseminated by using fax, social media platform posts, and email. <i>Results:</i> A total of 246 respondents completed all or part of the survey. A majority felt they should be able to assess and prescribe for minor ailments and contraception, and were satisfied with the regulatory changes. Pharmacists had varying degrees of comfort with prescribing for specific patient populations, with the highest for patients >75 years of age and lowest for patients with renal disease. Respondents felt that patients who were without a primary care provider or did not have easy access to walk-in clinics would benefit the most from PPMAC. Pharmacists expressed concerns about their workplace's level of support for their providing these new services to patients. <i>Discussion:</i> Most pharmacist respondents were supportive of and have begun prescribing for minor ailments and contraception in their practices. While they identified many perceived benefits to patient care, workplace barriers may hinder full provision of pharmacist prescribing in their practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching Homeopathy in U.S. Pharmacy Schools.","authors":"Esra'a Khader, William R Doucette","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.5728","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.5728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objectives:</i> Pharmacists often advise patients on the use of over-the counter (OTC) medications. A class of medications that is growing in popularity is homeopathic products. Little is known about student pharmacist education about homeopathy. The objectives of this study were to: 1) describe homeopathic topics being taught in pharmacy schools and 2) evaluate faculty views about pharmacists' roles in counseling patients about homeopathic products. <i>Method:</i> An explanatory sequential mixed methods approach was used. Online surveys were distributed to 3,300 pharmacy practice faculty members representing all schools accredited in the US. Frequencies were calculated to describe faculty characteristics and their responses. Moreover, 18 interviews of faculty involved with teaching homeopathy were conducted to learn about homeopathy teaching and expectations about roles of pharmacists in counseling patients. <i>Results:</i> Survey data were collected from 365 respondents. Over half (84 of 137) of the responding pharmacy schools reported teaching homeopathy to pharmacy students. In addition, the responses from most of the interviewed faculty were summarized into two themes which emphasized that pharmacists should be knowledgeable and able to counsel patients effectively to ensure they benefit from taking homeopathic products. <i>Conclusion:</i> Over half of US pharmacy schools are teaching students about homeopathy topics. Further, there was support for pharmacists being able to counsel effectively about homeopathic products.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Metformin Intolerance: A Retrospective Chart Review.","authors":"Pilar Z Murphy, Alanna Bramwell-Shittu, Kaci Boehmer, Jacob Painter, Ruchira Mahashabde","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.5779","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i3.5779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> The aim of the present study is to determine similarities between patients with type 2 diabetes not on metformin therapy compared to patients on metformin therapy at a resident-led primary care clinic. <i>Methods:</i> An exploratory, single-center retrospective chart review was performed on patients 18 years and older with a documented diagnosis of type 2 diabetes seen at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Family Medicine Clinic in Little Rock, Arkansas. Of the 2452 patients who met criteria for the study, 1085 patients did not have a documented metformin allergy. A subset of 216 patients who were not currently prescribed metformin and had no documented metformin allergy were further examined and compared to the 869 patients who were prescribed metformin. We sought to determine reasons for nonuse by evaluating their EPIC electronic health record. Information on these patients such as race, gender, hemoglobin A1c (A1c), kidney function, stated metformin intolerance, and comorbid disease states such as neuropathy, chronic kidney disease (CKD), ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome were collected. Further examination was performed to determine why patients were not on metformin therapy and potential similarities between metformin intolerant patients. <i>Results:</i> The results of the study indicated a significant difference between metformin users and non-users in relation to body mass index (BMI) and diagnosis of CKD. Metformin non-users were found to have significantly lower mean BMI (30.87 vs. 35.43; p-value <0.0001), and significantly higher rates of CKD (25.93% vs 14.73%; p-value <0.0001) as compared to metformin users. BMI value of patients (coefficient: 0.2033, p value: <0.0001) was found to be significantly and positively correlated with metformin use, and CKD (coefficient: - 0.1191, p-value: <0.0001) was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with metformin use. A1c levels for patients not on metformin therapy were evaluated. Most non-metformin patients fell in prediabetic A1c levels ranging from 5-6.4% (84 patients; 38.89%), and 31 patients (14.35%) should be on insulin therapy according to guidelines. <i>Conclusion:</i> The results demonstrated that patients with lower BMI, CKD, or A1c in the prediabetic range were less likely to be prescribed metformin.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacy Interns' Perception of Climate Change and Its Impact on Health.","authors":"Cecilia L Speck, Natalie A DiPietro Mager, John N Mager","doi":"10.24926/iip.v15i2.6160","DOIUrl":"10.24926/iip.v15i2.6160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: The effects of climate change are major threats to health and well-being. While the profession of pharmacy can make a difference through patient care activities, sustainability, and advocacy, literature detailing U.S. pharmacist and student pharmacist views on this topic is scant. <i>Objectives</i>: To assess Ohio pharmacy interns' knowledge and beliefs regarding climate change and human health as well as its relevance to pharmacy practice and education, and to compare and contrast their perceptions with those of Ohio pharmacists previously surveyed. <i>Methods</i>: An anonymous 31-item electronic survey was emailed to a random sample of 500 pharmacy interns registered in Ohio with questions regarding climate change and health, climate change policy, potential roles for pharmacists and pharmacy interns, pharmacy education, and demographics. Data were analyzed using descriptive and nonparametric statistics, and responses collected from this study were compared with those from the Ohio pharmacist study conducted the previous year. <i>Results</i>: Ninety-two interns completed the survey. The majority of respondents thought climate change is happening (87%), will harm human health in their community (68%), and is relevant to pharmacists or pharmacy practice (62%). Compared to registered pharmacists, pharmacy interns more often acknowledged these statements and more often identified roles in climate action. Sixty-two percent somewhat or strongly agreed that there should be more education about climate change and health in the pharmacy curriculum. <i>Conclusion</i>: The majority of Ohio pharmacy interns participating in this survey recognized the impact of climate change on health, believed they have roles in mitigating its effects, and wanted to learn more about it. As these are the first data assessing U.S. pharmacy interns' perceptions of this topic, additional studies should be performed in other parts of the country. Increased education among student pharmacists may help propel the pharmacy profession to take the lead in climate action and sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":501014,"journal":{"name":"Innovations in pharmacy","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11333101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142010192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}