Journal of Radiological Protection最新文献

{"title":"Dose coefficients for the ICRP pregnant-female mesh-type reference computational phantoms under idealized external exposures to photons.","authors":"Bangho Shin, Keith T Griffin, Chansoo Choi, Yeon Soo Yeom, Chan Hyeong Kim, Wesley E Bolch","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7121","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to establish a comprehensive set of dose coefficients (DCs) for the pregnant woman and fetus under idealized external photon exposures using the pregnant-female mesh-type reference computational phantoms (MRCPs) of the International Commission on Radiological Protection coupled with Geant4 Monte Carlo radiation transport code. The dataset includes 27 organs and detriment-weighted DCs for the pregnant woman and 30 organs and whole-body DCs for the fetus under six idealized irradiation geometries: antero-posterior, postero-anterior, left-lateral, right-lateral, rotational, and isotropic. The DCs exhibited fetal age dependency, with maximum differences of 1.7-fold for the maternal detriment-weighted DCs (0.015 MeV) and 15.4-fold for the fetal whole-body DCs (0.02 MeV) between the 8 and 38 week pregnant-female MRCPs from AP irradiation. These variations reflect anatomical changes during pregnancy, including increased maternal body size and fetal growth, which enhance internal organ shielding in older fetuses. Furthermore, comparisons were made between the maternal uterine DCs and fetal whole-body DCs for the 8 and 10 week fetuses (first trimester) to investigate the applicability of using maternal uterine dose as surrogate for fetal dose. The results showed differences of up to 1.8-fold and 7.7-fold for the 8 and 10 week phantoms, respectively, indicating that fetal DCs should be preferred over maternal uterine doses, particularly for low-energy photon exposures (<0.05 MeV). The established datasets are expected to be used for assessing radiation risk and developing radiological protection guidelines for pregnant women and fetuses in various occupational and public exposure scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric assessment of fetal radiation dose in clinical mammography.","authors":"Niilo Saarlemo, Ari-Petteri Ronkainen, Mimmi K Liukkonen, Siru Kaartinen","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae757b","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae757b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>. We quantify fetal radiation exposure from standard clinical mammography protocols and assess whether routine pregnancy verification is necessary before clinically indicated mammography.<i>Approach</i>. Measurements were performed on a Hologic Selenia Dimensions system using an Alderson Rando Female anthropomorphic phantom with tissue-equivalent breast slabs. Standard craniocaudal (CC) 2D mammography and tomosynthesis were acquired for two compressed breast thicknesses and four sets of imaging parameters. Air kerma was measured with a calibrated RaySafe Xi Survey detector at representative locations corresponding to the first, second and third trimesters; each configuration was repeated three times and a single configuration was repeated after fully rebuilding the setup to estimate positioning-related variability.<i>Main results</i>Mean measured fetal doses were 0.048μGy-0.264μGy (first trimester), 0.017μGy-0.084μGy (second trimester) and 0.753μGy-7.253μGy (third trimester). Across protocols, CC projections yielded 0.017μGy-2.462μGy and tomosynthesis 0.037μGy-7.253μGy. Dose increased with breast thickness and was highest in the third trimester, consistent with increased scatter and shorter path to the fetus. Between-setup variability for the rebuilt configuration was 36.2%.<i>Significance</i>. Fetal dose from mammography was several orders of magnitude below thresholds associated with deterministic fetal effects and the highest measured values remain far below levels that can be considered clinically significant. These findings suggest that clinically indicated mammography should not generally be delayed solely on the basis of pregnancy status, while recognising that decisions must follow local guidelines, institutional or national policies and individual risk considerations. Routine pregnancy screening prior to mammography is unlikely to provide meaningful clinical benefit in the context of radiation safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing historical residential radon exposure using a glass-based surface trap method in low radon level areas: a pilot study.","authors":"Ka Kahe, Denis L Henshaw, Yijia Zhang, Meghan Angley, Whitney Booker, Norman Kleiman","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae757a","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae757a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retrospectively estimating residential radon exposure in epidemiological studies is challenging using conventional methods. This study aimed to compare a modified glass-based surface trap technique for assessing historical indoor radon exposure with conventional long-term radon detectors among pregnant women from areas with relatively low radon levels. Ten women during their first trimester pregnancy were recruited from a Columbia University Irving Medical Center-affiliated hospital. Each participant was asked to place one detector in the basement and another in a high-occupancy main-floor room until delivery, after which devices were returned by prepaid mail to a certified laboratory. In addition, we collected the cover glass from small picture-frames that participants placed in the main-floor living area of their current and previous homes. Each glass plate was mounted against TASTRAK alpha-particle-detecting plastic and stored at-20 °C in a radon-proof atmosphere for 37 d. Plastics were etched and analysed for alpha-particle track density over a 4 cm²area. Conventional detector measurements of indoor radon ranged from <14.8-133.2 Bq m^-3(<0.4-3.6 pCi l^-1), while the modified glass-based method yielded 641-1476 tracks (0.14-0.32 Bq m^-2). Spearman correlation (<i>ρ</i>) between these two measurements were 0.68 (main floor), 0.38 (basement), and 0.63 (average of both floors). After adjusting for detector exposure duration, the correlations were slightly increased to 0.72, 0.43, and 0.67, respectively. The modified glass-based surface trap method by assessing alpha-particle track counts demonstrated moderate-to-strong correlations with long-term radon detectors. While larger-scale studies are needed to confirm the findings, this technique may provide a practical alternative for reconstructing historical residential radon exposure, even in regions with relatively low radon levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the activity concentration level, absorbed gamma dose rate, and radiological hazards around a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) conduit pipe factory in Asaba, Nigeria.","authors":"Chidiebere Ogonnaya Obasi, Blessing Okeoghene Ijabor, Abubakar Soje Ahmad","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7384","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An<i>in situ</i>assessment of activity concentrations 238-U, 232-Th, 40-K, and<i>Ra</i>_eq, and associated radiological parameters was conducted in and around a PVC conduit pipe factory in Asaba, Nigeria, with the aim of evaluating potential health risks and environmental hazards. Measurements were conducted across four sections of the factory raw material and production hall, outside production hall, inside offices, and a control area covering twenty-two sampling points. Mean activity concentrations inside the raw material/production hall were 14.57 ± 3.69, 15.31 ± 2.08, 263.55 ± 33.44, and 56.75 ± 5.39 Bqkg^-1for 238U, 232-Th, 40-K, andRaeq, respectively. Outside the production hall, values were 25.19 ± 7.05, 24.52 ± 3.92, 262.29 ± 33.38, and 80.46 ± 4.32 Bqkg^-1. Inside the offices, concentrations increased to 25.19 ± 2.20, 28.10 ± 9.93, 531.00 ± 33.41, and 106.29 ± 4.09 Bqkg^-1, while the control area recorded 19.76 ± 0.00, 15.43 ± 8.96, 134.59 ± 12.33, and 52.19 ± 12.33 Bqkg^-1. Results showed that most radionuclide concentrations and radiological parameters including absorbed dose rate, gamma concentration index, hazard indices, annual effective dose equivalent (indoor, outdoor, and total), and excess lifetime cancer risk were below world mean values recommended by UNSCEAR and ICRP, indicating negligible radiological risk in most areas. However, the office section recorded high values, with 40-K at 531.47 ± 33.41 Bqkg^-1and an annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) of 0.55 ± 0.05 mSvy^-1, exceeding global mean values of 420 Bqkg^-1and 0.3 mSvy^-1. Although other parameters remained within permissible limits, these anomalies highlight localised radiological concerns likely linked to building materials or environmental enrichment. Overall, the study establishes that PVC production in the area is radiologically safe, while emphasising the need for periodic monitoring of office environments. The results provide baseline data for workplace safety, remediation strategies, and policy development in Nigeria's PVC industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of neutron and gamma shielding performance of borated polyethylene using PHITS/MCNP Monte Carlo simulations and experimental measurements.","authors":"Ram Kumar Meena, Dalpat Meena, Shailendra Kumar Gupta, Raveena Malviya, Surendra Degra, Nitin Kumar Bawalia, Anisha Saini, Pooja Choudhary, Rajnikant Makwana, Vishal Unagar, Karel Katovsky","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7385","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary focus of this work is on data validation, particle transport code capabilities, and the impact of relative changes in hydrogen and boron concentrations on shielding characteristics. Materials for radiation shielding are essential in nuclear physics because they cover sensitive electronic equipment, people, and the environment from the damaging effects of ionising radiation. The sophisticated simulation tools speed up futuristic development, reduce the time and resources required for experimental testing, and allow for the correct forecast of an effective shielding material. This study examined the effectiveness of borated polyethylene (B-PE) as a shield against fast neutron radiation and evaluated its equivalent dose rate decrease. The B-PE slabs were exposed to neutrons and gamma using a 5 curie241Am-9Beneutron source and a 1 mCi137Csgamma source, respectively. The experimental geometry was modelled in the same manner using the PHITS and MCNP programs, and an NRF-31 dosimeter was used to measure the radiation equivalent dose rates for various thicknesses of B-PE samples. The results of experimental equivalent dose rates and shielding parameters were compared with those from the PHITS and MCNP Monte Carlo Simulation codes, the results are in good agreement. Comparative research shows how the combined effects of the energy of the neutron and the doping of B, which replaces the hydrogen in polyethylene, affect the material's shielding capacity. A different radiation field provide more confirmation that incorporating of low-<i>Z</i>elements does not improve gamma attenuation significantly and considered as a secondary result.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational dose attenuation and dosimetric performance of autonomous radiation protection systems in fluoroscopy: a scoping review with implications for the role of conventional lead aprons.","authors":"Sergio Ramos-Avasola, Nitza Espinosa-Rojo, Ricardo Ampuero, Constanza Vira, Mario Araya, Adlin López, Edilaine Honorio da Silva","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7122","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae7122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interventional cardiology procedures chronically expose healthcare personnel to ionising radiation, raising concerns about long-term health effects such as cataracts and cancer. Consequently, growing attention has been directed towards advanced shielding technologies capable of substantially reducing occupational dose while improving ergonomic conditions.\"<i>Objective.</i>To synthesise the available evidence on the technical performance and radiation attenuation capabilities of autonomous radiation protection systems (ARPS) (Protego™, Rampart™, and EggNest XR™), used in interventional cardiology settings. A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR framework. Relevant studies were identified through a systematic search of PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, WOS and Cochrane. Eligible studies included clinical and phantom-based assessments reporting quantitative dosimetric outcomes. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Protego™ was associated with consistently high reported attenuation, typically ⩾95% in studies providing quantifiable measurements; in several investigations, post-shielding doses fell below the detection limits of standard personal dosimeters, whereas Rampart™ demonstrated wider reported attenuation ranges (approximately 16.7%-100%) across heterogeneous study designs and measurement protocols and EggNest XR™ exhibited attenuation values ranging from 91.5% to 99.0% in a single phantom-based study. Device performance varied by anatomical site and professional role, with higher attenuation typically observed among primary operators (often exceeding 95% at head and torso levels) compared with more variable reductions in peripheral personnel such as nurses and anaesthesiologists, where attenuation occasionally decreased to the 80%-90% range depending on positioning and projection. The attenuation results for autonomous shielding systems are promising, particularly for fixed systems, which demonstrate consistently high performance. Given their potential for ergonomic improvement and radiation reduction, ARPS are emerging as valuable tools. However, given the limited clinical validation and the heterogeneity of existing study, the implementation of these systems should be supported by site-specific validation and standardised dosimetry protocols\".</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rich Tapestry of Ideas: The Bernard Wheatley Award for 2025.","authors":"Mike C Thorne","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae772e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ae772e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not applicable fot an editorial.&#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond iodine-131: protective effect of stable iodine for all iodine isotopes of radiological concern.","authors":"D Broggio, N Delagrange, P Teles, V Berkovskyy","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae6f27","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae6f27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Administering stable iodine is an effective strategy to protect the thyroid in case of an accidental release of radioiodines.¹³¹I is the most concerning iodine isotope due to its amount in the reactor vessel and its relatively long half-life. These factors result in¹³¹I dominance in the total thyroid dose, and many studies focus on this isotope. The protective effect (PE) of stable iodine for other iodine isotopes is not well documented, and this study examines¹³²I and nine other isotopes with longer half-lives. The predicted trend in PE is estimated using a biokinetic toy model of the blocking effect. Then, the Zanzonico and Beckermodel (2000<i>Health Phys.</i><b>78</b>660-7) is implemented for the inhalation of aerosol type F with an AMAD of 1<i>μ</i>m. The PE for administration of 130 mg KI is tabulated for administration time between 96 h prior to the intake and 48 h after the intake for 10 isotopes including¹³¹I. It has been found that, regardless of the timing of stable iodine administration, the PE is similar for¹²⁴I (<i>T</i>_1/2∼ 4.2 d),¹³¹I (<i>T</i>_1/2∼ 8 d), and other isotopes with longer half-lives. For isotopes with shorter half-lives, the relative PE (normalised to the respective¹³¹I values) depends on the timing of stable iodine administration and the isotopes' half-life. If stable iodine is taken after intake, the shorter the half-life the lower the PE. If stable iodine is taken before intake the opposite applies. For stable iodine administration 48 h before the intake the PE is 93% for¹³²I and 73% for¹³¹I, for administration 24 h before the intake these values are 99 and 95%. Taken 6 h after the intake the PE is only 9% for¹³²I but still 51% for¹³¹I. The results obtained here could be considered for emergency planning and preparedness as well as communication with the public in case of accidental radioiodine release.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation protection education for health sciences students.","authors":"S Cañete, J M Pastor, F Sendra-Portero, L de la Peña, E Gordo","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae6c33","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae6c33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the discovery of x-rays, the use of ionising radiation in health sciences has increased substantially. Proper education and training in radiation protection are essential to ensure safe practice. This study evaluates the radiation protection training received by Spanish health sciences students. We analysed training at both university level (Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry, Podiatry, and Nursing) and non-university level (Higher Technician in Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy and Dosimetry, and Oral Hygiene). Official curricula, legal requirements for workers exposed to ionising radiation, continuing education programmes, and the regulatory framework were reviewed to identify strengths and gaps. Although Spain has sufficient regulation regarding radiation protection, training for health sciences students is heterogeneous and not consistently aligned with professional responsibilities. Differences were observed between university and non-university programmes, as well as among different health disciplines. Radiation protection education in Spain requires improvement to ensure uniform and adequate preparation of health sciences students, aligned with the responsibilities encountered in professional practice. Enhanced awareness and targeted educational strategies are needed to standardise radiation protection training, ensuring safe clinical practice and compliance with regulatory standards across health sciences disciplines.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portuguese translation, validity and psychometric evaluation of the healthcare professional knowledge of radiation protection scale.","authors":"Belinda Rodrigues, Pedro Lopes, Cláudia Machado, Javier Flores-Fraile, Nélio Veiga","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae6f26","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ae6f26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objectives.</i>This study aimed to validate the Portuguese version of the healthcare professional knowledge of radiation protection (HPKRP) scale to assess knowledge of radiation protection among healthcare workers exposed to ionizing radiation. The increasing use of radiation in medicine raises concerns about potential side effects, not only for patients but also for professionals operating the equipment. Appropriate and well-constructed instruments are essential to generate structured and interpretable findings and quantifiable outcomes that support improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and practices.<i>Methods.</i>A descriptive correlational cross-sectional study was conducted electronically using a Google Forms survey between March 2025 and July 2025. Participants included nurses, doctors, dentists, and radiographers who use a personal dosimeter. The Portuguese version of the HPKRP was developed using translation and back-translation procedures, followed by statistical validation. Internal consistency, item-total correlations, and regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 30).<i>Results.</i>A total of 247 valid responses were analysed. The scale demonstrated very high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.983). Item-total correlations ranged from 0.568 to 0.890, confirming strong internal consistency. Radiographers reported the highest perceived knowledge, while nurses scored lowest. Knowledge gaps were identified particularly in areas related to radiation physics (formulas and units of measurement) and reporting of adverse events. Training in radiation protection was significantly associated with higher scores (<i>p</i>< 0.001).<i>Conclusions.</i>The Portuguese version of the HPKRP scale demonstrates high internal consistency and provides preliminary evidence of reliability for assessing healthcare professionals' self-perceived knowledge of radiation protection. However, as a subjective measure, it does not reflect objective knowledge or clinical competence and should be interpreted with caution. The instrument may be useful for identifying perceived knowledge gaps and supporting educational strategies when used in combination with objective assessment methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}