Journal of Radiological Protection最新文献

{"title":"Statistical evaluation of individual external exposure dose of outdoor worker and ambient dose rate at evacuation ordered zones after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident.","authors":"Motofumi Saisu, Tadahiko Ando, Keizo Uchiyama, Toshihiro Ueno, Koichi Takizawa, Yuji Endo, Kazuya Yoshimura, Yukihisa Sanada","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b26","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, evacuation orders were issued for the surrounding communities. In order to lift the evacuation order, it is necessary to determine individual external doses in the evacuated areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the quantitative relationship between individual external doses and ambient dose rates per hour as conversion coefficients. More specifically, individual external doses of Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings employees in difficult-to-return zone were measured broadly over a long period (fiscal year 2020 to fiscal year 2022). To obtain highly accurate estimates, we used not only ambient dose rates based on airborne radiological monitoring data, but also Integrated dose rate map data that had been statistically corrected to correspond to local ambient dose rate gradients on the ground. As a result, the conversion coefficients based on the ambient dose rate map measured by airborne radiological monitoring were 0.42 for the Evacuation-Order Lifted Zones (ELZs), 0.37 for the Special Zones for Reconstruction and Rehabilitation (SZRRs), and 0.47 for the Difficult-to-Return Zones without SZRRs (DRZs). On the other hand, the conversion coefficients based on the Integrated dose rate map which is a highly accurate dose rate map based on statistical analysis of various types of monitoring that have been studied in government projects in recent years, were 0.78 for the ELZs, 0.72 for the SZRRs and 0.82 for the DRZs. Using these conversion coefficients, the individual external dose can be estimated from two representative ambient dose rate maps provided by the government.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What about the workers?","authors":"Richard Wakeford","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4eea","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4eea","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical staff dose estimation during pediatric cardiac interventional procedures.","authors":"Maryanna Regina Roberto, Luiz M A Leite, Arícia R P Cruz, Helen Khoury, Vinícius S M de Barros, Juliana R Neves, Jéssica M Cartaxo, Carlos Ubeda, Viviane K Asfora","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4905","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the occupational doses (eye lens, extremities and whole body) in paediatric cardiac interventional and diagnostic catheterization procedures performed in a paediatric reference hospital located in Recife, Pernambuco. For eye lens dosimetry, the results show that the left eye receives a higher dose than the right eye, and there is a small difference between the doses received during diagnostic (D) and therapeutic (T) procedures. The extrapolated annual values for the most exposed eye are close to the annual limit. For doses to the hands, it was observed that in a significant number of procedures (37 out of 45 therapeutic procedures, or 82%) at least one hand of the physician was exposed to the primary beam. During diagnostic procedures, the physician's hand was in the radiation field in 11 of the 17 catheterization procedures (65%). This resulted in a 10-fold increase in dose to the hands. The results underscore the need for optimization of radiation safety and continued efforts to engage staff in a radiation safety culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended analysis of solid cancer incidence among nuclear industry workers in the UK 1955-2011: comparison of workers first hired in earlier and later periods.","authors":"Nezahat Hunter, Richard Haylock","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4c72","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4c72","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address points arising from the recent study of nuclear workers in the USA and the International Nuclear Workers Study (INWORKS), concerning the difference in solid cancer risk estimates between those first hired in earlier and later calendar years, subsidiary analyses were conducted on a cohort of 172 452 workers in the National Registry for Radiation Workers (NRRW) from the UK. A total of 18 310 incident first primary solid cancer cases were registered in the period from 1955 until 2011 in the NRRW cohort and workers accrued 5.25 million person-years of follow-up. Incidences rates of all solid cancers combined, lung cancer and solid cancer excluding lung cancer were examined in terms of external radiation doses in the full cohort and in a sub-cohort of workers who had no record of internal exposure monitoring and were defined by the periods of first hire before and after the beginning of the years 1960, 1965 and 1970. All analyses were carried out using Poisson Regression. These analyses demonstrated that only for lung cancer between the pre-1965 and post-1964 periods is there strong evidence for a difference in the risks using the NRRW full cohort. In the other calendar period breakdowns and for the other cancer groups, there is no clear evidence of differences in the risks. The NRRW estimation of risks between recent and early workers is not generally consistent with the US workers cohort or the INWORKS evaluations that later hired workers are at much higher solid cancer risk than earlier hired workers, although INWORKS contains a significant part of the latest updated NRRW cohort as well as the US data. The conclusion that the INWORKS and US study data demonstrate a real difference in excess solid cancer risk from external radiation exposure between earlier and later workers is premature. The results presented here should also be treated with caution because of the limited corroborating evidence from other published studies. Information on internal doses, neutron doses as well as non-radiation factors such as smoking and asbestos exposure would be needed to make definitive inferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of disaster preparedness between administrative staff and residents in the vicinity of the Genkai and Ikata nuclear power plants following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster.","authors":"Chika Yamamoto, Toyoaki Sawano, Yuichiro Eguchi, Shinya Fukazawa, Tianchen Zhao, Genro Ochi, Masaharu Tsubokura","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4904","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When considering disaster preparedness, one challenge is mitigating the health impacts of evacuations. Nuclear disaster preparedness has evolved based on past experiences from numerous disasters, including the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reporting on the awareness of administrative staff, medical personnel, and residents in the areas surrounding nuclear power plants (NPPs). This study reports on a survey aimed at gaining insights into the understanding and current state of disaster preparedness and elucidating the differences in perceptions of nuclear disaster preparedness among the relevant stakeholders surrounding NPPs. Interview surveys were conducted from 14 to 16 September 2022 in the area surrounding Kyushu Electric Power's Genkai NPP in Saga Prefecture and from 11 to 13 January 2023 in the area around Shikoku Electric Power's Ikata NPP. The surveys targeted administrative, medical, and nursing care facilities and residents. Responses from 57 participants indicated a lack of awareness of natural and nuclear disasters, challenges in evacuation planning, and a gap between nuclear disaster training and residents' understanding of evacuation protocols. This study highlights inadequacies in nuclear disaster preparedness and the need for a better understanding among residents regarding evacuation procedures. This study identified three key issues: (1) a lack of awareness about disasters, including nuclear disasters; (2) concerns about complex disasters and the difficulties in creating evacuation plans; and (3) a discrepancy between nuclear disaster training and residents' understanding of evacuation procedures. To bridge this gap, it is important to deepen residents' understanding of nuclear disasters, continuously convey the lessons learned from the FDNPP accident, and regularly reassess and update nuclear disaster preparedness strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of consumer digital radon measurement devices: a comparative analysis.","authors":"Alexandra Bahadori, Brian Hanson","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4bf1","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4bf1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kansas State University (KSU) Engineering Extension conducted an abridged evaluation of eight consumer grade digital radon monitors. Using the KSU secondary radon chamber, these devices were exposed to three different radon concentrations for 7 d in average household temperature and relative humidity conditions. The three different radon concentration ranges used were: 12.8 pCi L^-1to 15.5 pCi L^-1(473.6 Bq m^-3-573.5 Bq m^-3), 27.7 pCi L^-1to 29.4 pCi L^-1(1024.9-10 857.8 Bq m^-3), and ambient room level average radon concentration of 0.6 pCi L^-1(22.2 Bq m^-3). The American National Standards Institute/American Academy of Radon Scientists and Technologists Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air (ANSI/AARST MS-PC) (ANSI/AARST MS-PC 2022<i>Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air</i>(AARST Radon Standards)) minimum performance metrics were used to evaluate the accuracy and precision of each model type for each radon concentration tested. The eight different device models performed within the 0 ± 25% requirement for the individual percent error (IPE) for radon concentrations between 27.7 pCi L^-1and 29.4 pCi L^-1(1024.9-10 857.8 Bq m^-3). For radon concentrations between 12.8 pCi L^-1and 15.5 pCi L^-1(444-592 Bq m^-3) seven of the eight monitors fell within the IPE requirement and for ambient room radon concentrations six of the eight monitors fell within the IPE requirement for the ANSI/AARST MS-PC minimum performance requirement (ANSI/AARST MS-PC 2022<i>Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air</i>(AARST Radon Standards)) ranges. All eight device models fell within the ± 15% ANSI/AARST MS-PC minimum performance requirement (ANSI/AARST MS-PC 2022<i>Performance Specifications for Instrumentation Systems Designed to Measure Radon Gas in Air</i>(AARST Radon Standards)) coefficient of variation (CV) range for radon concentrations between 12.8 pCi L^-1and 15.5 pCi L^-1(444-592 Bq m^-3) and for radon concentrations between 27.7 pCi L^-1and 29.4 pCi L^-1(1024.9-10 857.8 Bq m^-3). In the future, evaluating the performance of these models over time to observe their long term accuracy and precision is anticipated.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors' response to 'Estimates of cardiovascular disease risk from CT scans may be premature' (Harbron, 2024).","authors":"Colin J Martin, Michael Barnard, Frank de Vocht","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":"44 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimates of cardiovascular disease risk from CT scans may be premature.","authors":"Richard W Harbron","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b27","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":"44 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical complexities in radionuclide metabolic modelling: a review of ordinary differential equation kinetics solvers in biokinetic modelling.","authors":"Emmanuel Matey Mate-Kole, Shaheen Azim Dewji","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad270d","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad270d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biokinetic models have been employed in internal dosimetry (ID) to model the human body's time-dependent retention and excretion of radionuclides. Consequently, biokinetic models have become instrumental in modelling the body burden from biological processes from internalized radionuclides for prospective and retrospective dose assessment. Solutions to biokinetic equations have been modelled as a system of coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) representing the time-dependent distribution of materials deposited within the body. In parallel, several mathematical algorithms were developed for solving general kinetic problems, upon which biokinetic solution tools were constructed. This paper provides a comprehensive review of mathematical solving methods adopted by some known internal dose computer codes for modelling the distribution and dosimetry for internal emitters, highlighting the mathematical frameworks, capabilities, and limitations. Further discussion details the mathematical underpinnings of biokinetic solutions in a unique approach paralleling advancements in ID. The capabilities of available mathematical solvers in computational systems were also emphasized. A survey of ODE forms, methods, and solvers was conducted to highlight capabilities for advancing the utilization of modern toolkits in ID. This review is the first of its kind in framing the development of biokinetic solving methods as the juxtaposition of mathematical solving schemes and computational capabilities, highlighting the evolution in biokinetic solving for radiation dose assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11214694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracies of large language models in answering radiation protection questions.","authors":"Eren Çamur, Turay Cesur, Yasin Celal Güneş","doi":"10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ad4b29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50068,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiological Protection","volume":"44 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}