Journal of Surgical Education最新文献

{"title":"Is the FAST Exam Actually Fast? Utilizing Trauma Video Review to Assess FAST User Performance","authors":"Bahaa Succar MD ,&nbsp;Madhuri Nagaraj MD ,&nbsp;Kaustubh Gopal MEd ,&nbsp;Macy Afsari BS ,&nbsp;David T. Fetzer MD ,&nbsp;Naveen Rajamohan MD ,&nbsp;Hebert J. Zeh III MD ,&nbsp;Ryan P. Dumas MD, FACS","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>While the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) is lauded for its speed and efficacy, its proficiency among surgical trainees remains underexplored. We aim to assess the performance of surgical trainees in conducting FAST exams in real-world settings using trauma video review (TVR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included blunt trauma activations between July-December 2023 that were recorded using TVR and had a FAST performed. Total and net FAST times (with and without interruptions) were collected. Two radiologists independently scored the diagnostic quality and technical imaging technique of saved clips using a Task Specific Checklist (TSC). FAST findings were compared with confirmatory tests (CT-scan and surgical findings) to assess diagnostic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety-three FAST exams were analyzed (median total time = 2.9 minutes [2.28-4.40], and net time = 2.33 minutes [1.87-3.08]). Around 80% of cases (41/51 cases for which clips were saved) exhibited at least one nondiagnostic quality anatomic window, with average modified-TSC scores ranging from 3/5 to 3.65/5, suggesting that moderate to mild improvements in quality are needed. Only 20% of cases (10/51) were found to have clips of diagnostic quality on all four anatomic windows, with trainees averaging a total-TSC score of 17.9/24, indicating proficiency in task completion. Intraperitoneal free blood was found in 6/11 positive FASTs, with a sensitivity and specificity among our trainees of 54% and 92%, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While trainees can complete the FAST within a short time frame, the quality and diagnostic accuracy require significant improvement. These results highlight the need for enhanced training programs to ensure both quality and accuracy are optimized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resident-led Research Initiative Drives Collaboration and Productivity: A Bibliometric Network-Based Analysis","authors":"Colleen P. Nofi DO, PhD ,&nbsp;Molly Kobritz MD ,&nbsp;Bailey K. Roberts MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Maya Vasser MD ,&nbsp;Leanna Stager MLIS ,&nbsp;Jaclyn Morales MLS, AHIP ,&nbsp;Vihas Patel MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Collaborative clinical research among trainees can accelerate new discoveries, improve nontechnical skills, and foster career growth. However, various obstacles exist which make research efforts during surgical training challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a resident-led digital research infrastructure was associated with increased academic productivity among individuals and collaboration in scholarship during surgical training.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A multimodal resident-led initiative, Surgery Residents’ Research Forum (SuRRF) was implemented in 2019. Databases were queried for publications for surgical residents and fellows from 2015 to 2023. Bibliometric network maps were created to evaluate scholarly activity and collaboration before and after SuRRF implementation. Networks consisted of clusters (representing set of related research items), linkages (representing co-authored items), and link strength (representing increased frequency of co-authorship).</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Residency and fellowship programs from teaching hospitals of an integrated health system in New York.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>General surgery and surgical subspecialty residents and fellows.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A mean of 77 trainees were included each AY. Trainee participation in research increased from 26.1% in 2015 to 2016 to 62.5% in 2022 to 2023. The number of research items increased from 30 in 2015 to 2016 to 135 in 2022 to 2023. Bibliometric network analysis revealed an increase in research clusters, number of linkages, and link strength from 2015 to 2016 (10, 11, and 13 respectively) to 2022 to 2023 (25, 80, and 126, respectively). Pre-SuRRF to post-SuRRF analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of research items (40.25-109.5, p = 0.002), number of research clusters (11.75-23.25, p &lt; 0.001), number of links (9.5-50.5, p = 0.027), and link strength (13.0-75.5, p = 0.029).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The resident research initiative, SuRRF, was associated with increased collaboration and academic productivity. Expanding similar programs nationally could enhance clinical research feasibility and foster a culture of collaboration and academic growth for surgical residents and fellows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priming Medical Students for Careers in Orthopedic Surgery: Twenty Years of 1 Department's Early Pathway Program","authors":"Amelia Goldstein BS,&nbsp;Vinay K. Aggarwal MD,&nbsp;Eric J. Strauss MD,&nbsp;Kenneth A. Egol MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study assesses the impact of a structured summer externship program (SEP) in orthopedic surgery on participants' career trajectories and diversity within the field. Specifically, we evaluated the proportion of SEP participants who chose a career in orthopedic surgery and analyzed trends in gender and racial/ethnic diversity among the cohort over a 20-year period.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using data from participants in 1 academic department's SEP between 2004 and 2023. Participant demographic data, ultimate specialty match information, and residency outcomes were collected and statistically analyzed to assess trends in specialty selection, gender, and racial/ethnic diversity among the SEP alumni.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>This study took place in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at a large academic tertiary medical center.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>The study included 564 medical students who participated in the SEP between 2004 and 2023. Of these, 441 (78.2%) have graduated from medical school to date, 114 (20.2%) are still enrolled, and 5 (0.89%) have left medicine for careers in other sectors. Data for 9 participants (1.6%) was unavailable.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 436 graduates, 161 (36.9%) eventually matched into orthopedic surgery. An additional 13.5% entered internal medicine, 7.3% matched into radiology, 6.6% into emergency medicine, 5.5% into anesthesiology, and 30.3% into various other specialties. Female representation in the SEP increased from 16.6% in 2004 to 51.1% in 2023 (χ² = 4.95, p = 0.026), while non-white participant representation grew from 16.6% to 45% over the same period (χ² =3.18, p = 0.075).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The SEP is one way of providing resources and opportunity for engagement for students interested in orthopedic surgery careers while promoting diversity within the field. This program serves as a valuable pathway, offering early exposure to orthopedic surgery, research opportunities, and professional networking, all of which may play an increasingly critical role as residency selection criteria evolve. The SEP's advantages to participants underscore the importance of targeted programs in fostering opportunity for previously underrepresented groups in the field of orthopedic surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Residency Applicant Sociodemographic Characteristics With Specialty Choice and Interview Outcomes","authors":"Nicholas R. Lenze MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Trinithas Boyi MD, MA ,&nbsp;William J. Benjamin MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Angela P. Mihalic MD ,&nbsp;David J. Brown MD ,&nbsp;Louito Edje MD, MHPE, FAAFP ,&nbsp;Michael J. Brenner MD ,&nbsp;Robbi A. Kupfer MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate associations of residency applicant sociodemographic characteristics with specialty choice, academic metrics, and application outcomes. Academic metrics included clerkship honors, honor society membership, United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) scores, degree type (allopathic or osteopathic), second degrees or research year, required remediation, couples match, research output, and volunteer or leadership positions.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of applicants who responded to the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency (STAR) survey.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>National survey of medical students in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Medical students in the United States participating in the 2021 to 2022 and 2022 to 2023 residency application cycles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 10,856 applicants during the 2022 and 2023 match years, 1,687 (15.5%) identified as Underrepresented in Medicine (URiM), 1642 (15.1%) were the first generation to attend college, 931 (8.6%) reported a history of food or housing insecurity, and 6104 (56.2%) identified as female. All of these groups were significantly less likely to apply to surgical subspecialties (OR 0.76, p &lt; 0.001; OR 0.81, p = 0.009; OR 0.81, p = 0.041; OR 0.41, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). When adjusting for academic metrics, this association persisted for female applicants (OR 0.58, p &lt; 0.001), and it was the inverse for URiM applicants (OR 1.28, p = 0.016). Applicants with a history of food or housing insecurity had a lower match rate (73.3% vs. 83.4%; p = 0.008) than those without. Interview and match outcomes were noninferior among the other sociodemographic groups historically underrepresented in surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Underrepresentation, already pervasive in medicine, is amplified in surgical subspecialties, underscoring the need for applying an equity lens across the continuum of medical education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonmusicians With High Music Perception: A Distinct Category in Visuospatial and Surgical Skill Assessment","authors":"Sunit V. Jadhav ,&nbsp;Shivani A. Sawant ,&nbsp;Samruddhi U. Dundage ,&nbsp;Mandar V. Ambike ,&nbsp;Bhushan S. Borotikar ,&nbsp;Arunprasad VK","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>BACKGROUND</h3><div>Musicians tend to outperform nonmusicians in spatial tasks and surgical skills, but an unexplored group is nonmusicians with high music perception - musical sleepers.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study of 150 female right-handed first-year medical students, after segregating musicians (M), we identified musical sleepers (S) as nonmusicians who scored more than the sample median in the Mini Profile of Music Perception (MiniPROMS). The rest were classified as nonmusicians with low music perception (N). The performance of the mental rotation (MR) task (<em>n</em> = 150) and surgery knotting task (SP) (<em>n</em> = 49) was evaluated. A correlation analysis was conducted between MR and MP scores (<em>n</em> = 150), and a partial correlation analysis was done for MP and SP (<em>n</em> = 56) while controlling for MR.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>M (p &lt; 0.001) and S (p = 0.021) outperformed N in the MRT, but no significant difference existed between S and M. In the SP, there was no difference between S and N. Lastly, MP and MR showed a weak correlation, and after controlling for MR, MP modestly correlated with SP scores (<em>r</em> = 0.268, p = 0.048).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>Musical sleepers demonstrate better spatial task performance than nonmusicians, although no clear benefit was seen in surgical tasks. Future research is needed to determine if these advantages extend to surgical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Operating room teams display acceptable levels of patient safety behaviors during surgical cases”; J. Surg. Educ. 2024; 81(8):1105-1109","authors":"Cody Mitchell BS ,&nbsp;Logan Butler MD ,&nbsp;Alexa Dagmar Holloway MS ,&nbsp;Jin H. Ra MD ,&nbsp;Karthik Adapa MBBS, MPH, PhD ,&nbsp;Caprice Greenberg MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Lawrence B. Marks MD ,&nbsp;Thomas Ivester MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Xianming Tan PhD ,&nbsp;Lukasz Mazur PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103523","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Reality for Remote Procedural Training and Assessment: A Feasibility Study","authors":"Junko Tokuno ,&nbsp;Gerald M. Fried ,&nbsp;Pepa Kaneva ,&nbsp;Amir Sayadi ,&nbsp;Camille Caron ,&nbsp;Atif Jastaniah ,&nbsp;Renzo Cecere ,&nbsp;Dan L. Deckelbaum ,&nbsp;Amir Hooshiar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>Mixed reality (MR) enables real-time telecommunication with verbal and virtual information. We aimed to build a proof of concept and evaluate MR's feasibility for remote personalized technical skill training for chest tube insertion technique.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>Nonexperimental correlational design.</div></div><div><h3>SETTING</h3><div>A commercial MR software was used to communicate between the participant's head-mounted display and the instructor's laptop. Study participants followed the instructions of an off-site instructor delivered by means of virtual annotations and verbal guidance while performing chest tube insertion on a mannequin. Expert-participants assessed the educational applicability of this teaching approach by a 5-point Likert scale. Non–expert-participants then performed the procedure without the instructions, while technical skills were assessed using a modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills by 2 experts, 1 rater present on-site and the other observing the performance remotely through the MR system. Non–expert-participants reported the usability of the system using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Inter-rater reliability (remote vs in-person) was calculated using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are reported as median (interquartile range).</div></div><div><h3>PARTICIPANTS</h3><div>Five experts and 17 nonexpert individuals (10 medical trainees, 3 nurses, and 4 engineering students).</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Experts evaluated the teaching with the MR system for remote procedural training useful (4.8 out of 5). The overall SUS score was excellent at 87.5 (77.5-95.0). Scores of in-person and remote technical skill assessment were 45 (39-47), and 44 (37-49) out of 50, respectively. ICC was 0.94.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>We successfully established a proof of concept of an MR system for remote procedural training. The system was well-received both by experts and nonexperts, and this teaching approach led to sufficient proficiency in technical skill among non–expert-participants. Reliability of technical skill assessment between via remote and direct observation was excellent. MR is a promising technology for remote instruction and assessment in procedural training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out of Touch: A Nationwide Mixed-Methods e-Learning Needs Assessment of General Surgery Residents","authors":"Joshua A. Roshal MD ,&nbsp;Sarah Lund MD ,&nbsp;Joseph C. L'Huillier MD, MS-HPEd ,&nbsp;Caitlin Silvestri MD ,&nbsp;John M. Woodward MD ,&nbsp;Connie Gan MD ,&nbsp;Rebecca Moreci MD ,&nbsp;Darian L. Hoagland MD ,&nbsp;Colleen E. McDermott MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Ananya Anand MD ,&nbsp;Kathleen Everling PhD ,&nbsp;V Suzanne Klimberg MD, PhD, MSHCT, FACS, MAMSE ,&nbsp;Alexander Perez MD, MSHCT, FACS","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The digital age has transformed health professions education, making online learning (<em>e</em>-learning) essential for instruction, assessment, and evaluation. However, general surgery residents are dissatisfied with current study methods and routines. As they progress through the new Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA) milestones, adapting content delivery to their learning preferences is crucial for engagement, a key element in the Kirkpatrick training evaluation model. This study explores general surgery residents' experiences, attitudes, and preferences toward <em>e</em>-learning to enhance instruction in the EPA era of surgical education.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a convergent parallel design, distributing a national survey and conducting semi-structured interviews with general surgery residents from 22 U.S. institutions. The survey examined <em>e</em>-learning resource utilization, satisfaction, and financial investment in medical school and residency. Interviews provided insights into residents' desired features of effective <em>e</em>-learning. Data analysis included comparative statistics for survey results and reflexive thematic analysis for interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The survey was completed by 106 general surgery residents. Residents reported higher satisfaction with <em>e</em>-learning resources utilized in medical school (e.g., UWorld, Sketchy Medical) than those in residency (e.g., TrueLearn, SCORE Web Portal) (mean difference = 0.4, 95% CI = [0.3,0.5], p &lt; 0.001). Learners’ financial investment in USMLE preparation was significantly higher than for ABSITE (74% vs. 21% willing to spend &gt;$500; p &lt; 0.001). Separately, 30 general surgery residents participated in semi-structured interviews, which highlighted preferences for mobile learning, multimedia, gamification, and competency-based assessments. Residents noted a gap between current <em>e</em>-learning resources and the EPA assessment paradigm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>General surgery residents find current <em>e</em>-learning resources in residency lacking clinical relevance and alignment with competency-based assessments. In the EPA era of surgical education, there is a need to develop innovative <em>e</em>-learning platforms that prepare residents for standardized examinations and support clinical competency development. Addressing these gaps will enhance the quality and efficiency of surgical training to better prepare residents for independent practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a Cost-Effective Virtual Reality Training System in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Study","authors":"Seongwon Choi ,&nbsp;Daniel Oh ,&nbsp;Hyunwook Ham ,&nbsp;Danilo Carluccio ,&nbsp;Michael Burgess ,&nbsp;Myles Bennell ,&nbsp;Luke Mayze ,&nbsp;Martin Batstone ,&nbsp;Omar Breik","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>INTRODUCTION</h3><div>Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being explored in surgical education for its potential to create immersive training environments. However, many VR systems are expensive and require complex setups, limiting their accessibility. This survey study assesses the feasibility of cost-effective VR training on the education of oral maxillofacial surgical trainees and practitioners. Given the limited opportunities for hands-on practice in performing major surgical procedures, cost-effective VR training can provide an essential and accessible platform for developing surgical skills.</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODs</h3><div>Cadaver surgery videos of complex maxillofacial procedures were created in 360° VR and 2D formats and published on YouTube. Trainees enrolled in a cadaver course were surveyed after viewing both formats. Fifteen trainees completed questionnaires comparing their learning experiences, with responses analyzed using Fisher's exact test.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>About 73.3% of participants found the VR video improved their understanding of the procedure, and over 75% reported enhanced spatial awareness. However, 86.6% experienced discomfort or motion sickness. In comparison, 66.6% felt the 2D video helped their understanding, and only 40% found it improved spatial awareness. No statistically significant difference was found between the VR and 2D formats for procedural understanding or spatial awareness. Notably, participants rated the VR video as more intuitive and user-friendly compared to the standard 2D video, with the difference achieving statistical significance. Overall, 66.6% preferred the VR format, while 33.3% favored 2D.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>This feasibility study highlights the utility of a cost-effective VR solution for enhancing maxillofacial surgery training, providing a practical option for preparing trainees for real-life scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Wilderness to the Bedside: Creating Adventurous and Mindful Physicians Entering Residency (CAMPER) by Residents for Residents to Foster Belongingness","authors":"Alec Bernard MD, MSCR ,&nbsp;Emily L. Vogt BA ,&nbsp;Kathryn Flaharty BA ,&nbsp;Sophie Gutterman BS ,&nbsp;Rachel Gottlieb BS ,&nbsp;Jeremy Shapiro BA ,&nbsp;Alexander T. Young BS ,&nbsp;Christopher Johnson-Harwitz BA ,&nbsp;Eleanor Falahee BS ,&nbsp;Heather Burrows MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Al'ai Alvarez MD ,&nbsp;Cara Liebert MD ,&nbsp;Geoff Tabin MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Determine whether a preresidency overnight outdoor experience can positively impact incoming resident's comfort, preparedness and sense of support before starting residency. Outdoor education trips have been shown to positively impact participants in many other settings but have not been examined in the transition to residency.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The Creating Adventurous and Mindful Physicians Entering Residency (CAMPER) program consists of a multi-day backpacking trip designed by residents and medical students for incoming residents. CAMPER trips were conducted between 2022 and 2023 for the Michigan Medicine Family Medicine and Stanford Healthcare Ophthalmology, Plastic Surgery, and General Surgery residency programs. Trip programming included hiking, team-building activities, and an overnight camping experience including all meals and gear. After each program, participants were asked to provide feedback and given surveys to assess how their experiences impacted their start to residency.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Michigan Medicine Family Medicine and Stanford Healthcare Ophthalmology, Plastic Surgery, and General Surgery residency programs. Trips were held in Point Reyes National Seashore in California and Pinckney State Recreation Area in Michigan.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>A total of 44 incoming residents, including: 8 incoming Stanford Healthcare Ophthalmology, Plastic Surgery, and General Surgery residents in 2022, 12 residents in 2023. 12 Incoming Michigan Medicine Family Medicine interns for 2022 and 11 residents 2023. Participants in the most recent, 2023 cohort were surveyed about their experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>65% of participants responded to the 1-week post-CAMPER survey (11 from Stanford Healthcare and 4 from Michigan Medicine) and 100% of the Michigan Medicine trip responded to the 6-month post-trip survey. 100% of participants selected an 8, 9, or 10 when asked how likely they were to recommend CAMPER to a friend. 80% of participants in the 2023 cohort selected Agree or Strongly Agree to the question whether they felt more prepared to start residency than they did before participating in CAMPER. 73% of the CAMPERs endorsed bonding with their class as the biggest strength of the CAMPER experience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preresidency wilderness orientation trips conducted at 2 different institutions over multiple specialties have shown promise for helping residents feel more connected to their peers and programs and more prepared to begin their residencies. CAMPER can provide a model for fostering professional collaboration and development to build a true culture of support during a critical time in physician's training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"82 6","pages":"Article 103510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}