Journal of Surgical Education最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive Precision: Attentional Focus in Surgical Expertise","authors":"Victoria M. Gottwald PhD , Robin Owen PhD , Calum Arthur PhD , Steven Yule PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 3","pages":"Article 103832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a Formal Surgical Residency Quality and Safety Curriculum","authors":"Jeffrey D. Arigo ,&nbsp;Peter Juviler MD ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Levatino RN ,&nbsp;Yatee A. Dave MD ,&nbsp;Amy E. Lawrence MD ,&nbsp;Michael S. Leonard MD, MS ,&nbsp;Alexa D. Melucci MD, MS ,&nbsp;D.George Ormond MD ,&nbsp;Michael A. Vella MD, MBA ,&nbsp;Yanjie Qi MD ,&nbsp;Sarah Elizabeth Peyre EdD ,&nbsp;Derek S. Wakeman MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to implement and determine the effectiveness of a quality improvement (QI) and patient safety (PS) focused curriculum for surgical residents.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>In 2018, our General Surgery residency training program implemented a 2-year curriculum combining online learning modules with didactic seminars and small group enrichment activities to equip surgical residents with foundational QI and PS competencies. We sought to measure the curriculum’s association with mature QI projects and scholarship activity through the analysis of peer-reviewed surgical resident-authored manuscripts from 2013 to 2024, classifying them by QI relevance. Additionally, to evaluate the curriculum’s effectiveness in enhancing trainee knowledge and understanding, we compared pre- and postcurriculum scores using a validated tool to assess resident comprehension and application of quality and safety competencies.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>The quality and safety curriculum was implemented for the Department of Surgery residency training programs at an academic medical center.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>A total of 67 surgical residents completed both years of the quality and safety curriculum since August 2018, with an additional 16 residents completing Year 1 alone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following curriculum implementation in 2018, our Department of Surgery has had 19 resident-authored QI manuscripts, compared to 1 manuscript from the preceding 5 years. Additionally, postcurriculum residents consistently reported higher scores across all QI and PS subdomains of the assessment tool compared to precurriculum scores (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A dedicated curriculum for QI and PS education can meaningfully foster a deeper understanding of the principles that drive safer, more effective patient care and is associated with practical engagement in improvement work, resulting in the dissemination of methods and outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression Among Incoming Ophthalmology Trainees","authors":"Karthik Reddy BS ,&nbsp;Jaqueline Stoutin MD ,&nbsp;Zhuo Zhao MS ,&nbsp;Anjali R. Shah MD ,&nbsp;Srijan Sen MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Amy D. Zhang MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>Early medical training affects the mental health of residents. New-onset depression during internship persists beyond training and affects attrition, career satisfaction, and physician suicide. This study investigated depression rates among interns entering ophthalmology training and the relationship to work-related factors.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>Prospective, multicenter cohort study. Interns were recruited since 2015 and participated in longitudinal assessments before and during their internship. Exposures included time in residency (measured at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of intern year), work hours, and sleep hours.</div></div><div><h3>SETTING</h3><div>This study was conducted at several institutional academic tertiary care centers located within the United States.</div></div><div><h3>PARTICIPANTS</h3><div>A population-based sample of 98 ophthalmology residents from the Intern Health Study (IHS) from July 2015 to June 2023 who reported their status in ophthalmology residency were included in this study.</div></div><div><h3>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES</h3><div>Validated measures of depression [Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)] at preinternship and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of residency before the start of dedicated ophthalmology training. Outcomes included the proportion of ophthalmology-entering interns with major depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10), changes in mean PHQ-9 scores, and the relationship between PHQ-9 scores and mean work and sleep hours.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Of the 98 ophthalmology-bound interns (41 [41.8%] with self-reported depression at any timepoint prior to enrollment) included in the study, 3 (3.1%) had major depression on baseline assessment (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). 32 (32.7%) experienced major depression during the internship period. Approximately one-quarter of interns experienced depression in the month prior to starting dedicated ophthalmology training (postgraduate year 2, PGY-2).</div><div>Preinternship mean PHQ-9 score (2.7 [95% CI, 1.6-3.8]) was significantly less than scores at 3 months (5.9 [95% CI, 4.6-7.2]), 6 months (6.1 [95% CI, 4.6-7.6]), 9 months (5.6 [95% CI, 4.3-6.9]), and 12 months (6.0 [95% CI, 4.4-7.5]). History of depression was not significantly predictive of PHQ-9 scores (<em>p</em> = 0.66). Every additional hour of sleep was predictive of a 1.6-point decrease on the PHQ-9 (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>In this prospective multicenter study, there is a rise in depressive symptoms during internship, and these symptoms persist throughout the year. Nearly one-quarter of residents were depressed in the month prior to entering dedicated ophthalmology training (PGY-2). These findings highlight the need to address the mental health of early ophthalmology trainees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Table of Contents & Bacode","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1931-7204(26)00005-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1931-7204(26)00005-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warm-up in Surgery: Impact on Operative Performance: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis","authors":"Vergilius José Furtado de Araujo Neto ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Marcus Cunha Frati ,&nbsp;Breno Cordeiro Porto ,&nbsp;Everson Luiz de Almeida Artifon ,&nbsp;José Pinhata Otoch ,&nbsp;José Arnaldo Shiomi da Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of surgical warm-up on operative performance through a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials, and it was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251127516).</div></div><div><h3>SETTING</h3><div>Academic and teaching hospitals worldwide, involving surgical training environments with simulation and real procedures.</div></div><div><h3>PARTICIPANTS</h3><div>Medical students, residents, and surgeons included across eligible randomized trials.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Warm-up significantly reduced operative time. Trial sequential analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings, indicating that sufficient information is already available in the literature to consider this outcome reliable without the immediate need for further trials.. Secondary outcomes showed improvements in tissue handling, psychomotor skills, and task flow.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>Surgical warm-up appears to be an effective, low-cost strategy to optimize technical performance, particularly in training contexts. Future multicenter trials should define optimal warm-up duration, method, and implementation in surgical curricula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145866986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Attainment in Higher Surgical Training: A Systematic Review of Contributing Factors And Interventions","authors":"Jaspreet Kaur Seehra BSc(Hons), MBChB, MSc(Ed), MRCS(Ed),&nbsp;Tristan Boam FRCS(PaedSurg),&nbsp;Ricky Ellis MBChB, MRCS, PhD,&nbsp;Brett Doleman MBChB, PhD,&nbsp;Jonathan Lund PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>BACKGROUND</h3><div>Differential attainment (DA) reflects persistent disparities in surgical training outcomes across gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status and has been increasingly recognized in surgical training. This systematic review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on contributory factors and evaluate interventions designed to mitigate DA in higher surgical training.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered on the Open Science Framework (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC54V). Inclusion criteria comprised studies focusing on causes or solutions to DA in higher surgical training. Exclusion criteria included studies not exploring causes/solutions, studies focused solely on faculty, and non-peer reviewed literature. MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus were searched (2004-2024). Eligible studies analyzing contributory factors or interventions targeting DA were included. Quality was appraised using CASP, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, or MMAT tools. A thematic synthesis categorized findings at individual, institutional and systemic levels. No external funding was received for this study.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Forty-three studies met inclusion criteria, including 33 quantitative, 6 qualitative, and 4 mixed-methods studies. Common contributors to DA included gender and ethnic disparities, burnout, financial barriers, work-life balance, and workplace harassment. Interventions such as structured mentorship, financial support, competency-based assessment, and anti-harassment policies were frequently proposed. However, few were formally evaluated or co-designed with affected trainees. No studies provided conclusive evidence of reduction in DA outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>Despite widespread recognition, DA in surgical training remains poorly addressed. Most interventions are unevaluated, under-theorized, and not co-designed with affected trainees. Systematic, evidence-based approaches are urgently needed to achieve equity in surgical education. This review provides actionable insights for surgical educators, policymakers, and training programs aiming to achieve equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete Organ Laparoscopic Training System: A Novel Ex-Vivo Laparoscopic Simulator","authors":"Bo Tang MD ,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Shibo Pang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Yang ,&nbsp;Yuanhong Nie ,&nbsp;Yaoxing Ren ,&nbsp;Shanpei Wang PhD ,&nbsp;Feng Ma PhD ,&nbsp;Nana Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Yi Lv PhD ,&nbsp;Dinghui Dong PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous <em>ex vivo</em> laparoscopic simulators have presented limitations in mimicking the thoracic and abdominal environment and lacked a teaching component. Therefore, we developed a complete organ laparoscopic training system (COLTS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The COLTS consists of complete clusters of living organs representing abdomen and thorax, a training platform, a specific circulation solution, and a teaching module. Twelve experts assessed the COLTS in terms of its simulation of the surgical environment and intervention using a Likert scale questionnaire. Twelve residents were randomly assigned groups with or without the teaching module. Trainees assessed COLTS and underwent performance evaluations based on operating time, blood loss, adverse events, and economy of movement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Experts confirmed the ability of the COLTS to simulate the surgical environment and vessel pulse. All trainees positively evaluated the educational value of the COLTS. With the help of the teaching module, the trainees were more confident in the use of instruments (4.83 ± 0.41 vs. 3.83±0.98, p <em>=</em> 0.044) and positioning of trocars (4.67 ± 0.52 vs. 3.50 ± 0.84, p <em>=</em> 0.016) than were the trainees in the control group. Additionally, the teaching module group obtained better performance scores in terms of operation time (p <em>=</em> 0.008), reduced blood loss (p <em>=</em> 0.035), adverse events (p <em>=</em> 0.019), and economy of movement (p <em>=</em> 0.040), compared with the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The COLTS is a useful and promising laparoscopic training system that simulates the thoracic and abdominal region. Furthermore, the teaching module can significantly improve the performance and participation of trainees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Surgical Education and Patient Care: The Impact of a Student-Led Spine Patient Navigator Program","authors":"Dana G. Rowe MHSc ,&nbsp;Antoinette J. Charles MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Courtney Rory Goodwin MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Melissa M. Erickson MD, MBA","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>To evaluate the impact of the Spine Patient Navigator Program (SPNP) on medical student leadership, teaching, and clinical skills, undergraduate student development, and the perioperative experience of spine surgery patients.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>A structured, student-led patient navigation program was implemented at an academic medical center using a tiered mentorship model. Medical and undergraduate students were selected to serve as navigators and organized into teams led by one medical student overseeing three undergraduates, supported by faculty leaders and a multidisciplinary advisory group. Collectively, the teams provided support to adult patients undergoing spine surgery who faced psychosocial barriers to care. Pre and postprogram surveys assessed patient satisfaction and medical and undergraduate student growth.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Thirty-one patients were supported by six medical students and 15 undergraduates. The program was well-received by patients, with 89% stating they would recommend it. Medical students reported significant gains in confidence leading clinical teams, mentoring undergraduates, and supporting patients. Undergraduates reported meaningful contributions to patient care, increased confidence in patient communication, and early exposure to clinical roles and effective teamwork.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>Engaging medical and undergraduate students in structured perioperative support through the SPNP enhances educational experience—strengthening leadership, teaching, and clinical skills—while also providing patients with practical, hands-on support. This dual impact supports the integration of near-peer mentorship programs into surgical education and patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Center Evaluation of Education Outcomes of Graduates from Accredited HBCU Surgery Programs","authors":"Cassie P. Bowers BS ,&nbsp;Meave Otieno MD ,&nbsp;Kimberly Miller-Hammond MD ,&nbsp;David Anderson MD ,&nbsp;Jenaye Burrows MD ,&nbsp;Brandon W. Henry DO ,&nbsp;Douglas Fletcher MD ,&nbsp;Shaneeta Johnson MD, MBA ,&nbsp;Christine E. Nembhard MD ,&nbsp;May C. Tee MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>We aim to examine the educational outcomes and attrition of surgical residents from actively accredited Historically Black College and University (HBCU) surgical residency programs.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>The records of all graduates from currently accredited HBCU general surgery residency programs were queried from each program’s inception. Demographic data such as sex, race/ethnicity, and medical school graduation were collected. Educational outcomes such as<del>,</del> board certification, fellowship pursuance, designation within the American College of Surgeons (ACS), and practice type were collected. Educational outcomes and overall trends were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>SETTING</h3><div>Multi-Institutional study conducted at Howard University College of Medicine (HUCM) in Washington, DC, and Morehouse School of Medicine (MSM) in Atlanta, GA.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>There were 435 total graduates from both HBCU programs, for which 86% of graduates identified as Black and 47% of which pursued careers in academic surgery. Graduates also achieved 91.5% certification by ABMS. HBCU medical school graduates comprise 45% of all graduates from HBCU surgery residency programs. Temporal trends for all HBCU surgery programs demonstrate significant decreases in Black graduates (p = 0.048), possibly due to decreased Black Male surgical trainees (p = 0.021) and increased inclusion of Black surgical trainees into majority surgical residency training programs.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>HBCU surgery residency programs train a large proportion of minority surgical residents with excellent surgical outcomes and board certification rates that exceed the national average. Almost half of all graduates of HBCU surgical residency programs are also HBCU medical school graduates, underscoring their importance in the graduate medical education continuum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review to Assess Current Interventions and Gaps in Recruiting for an Inclusive Surgical Workforce","authors":"Jamila K. Picart MD MSc ,&nbsp;Rachna Sridhar BS ,&nbsp;Steven Xie MD ,&nbsp;Roopa Gorur BS ,&nbsp;Jacie E. Lemos MS ,&nbsp;Mahdi Mazeh BS ,&nbsp;Mark MacEachern MLIS ,&nbsp;Staci T. Aubry MD ,&nbsp;Hope T. Jackson MD ,&nbsp;Gurjit Sandhu PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>PURPOSE</h3><div>While the diversity of the surgical workforce has well-studied benefits for patient care, surgical subspecialties have historically been unsuccessful in recruiting diverse trainees. Although surgical programs have made substantial efforts to address this problem, to progress, we need to (1) synthesize the evidence for successful strategies for recruiting diverse surgical trainees and (2) identify the dimensions of diversity that have not been studied. This scoping review assesses strategies for the effective recruitment of diverse surgical trainees, identifies the level of evidence supporting these strategies, and examines the current gaps in the literature.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>NLM PubMed, Elsevier Embase, and Clarivate Web of Science were searched on September 4, 2024. We included studies reporting original data assessing interventions to recruit diverse trainees, defined broadly, e.g., gender and sexual minorities, ethnic and racial minorities, persons with disabilities, and veterans, into graduate surgical training programs (general surgery, otolaryngology, orthopedic surgery, plastic surgery, urology, neurosurgery, vascular surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and cardiothoracic surgery).</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>In this scoping review of 25 articles, we found the most common interventions included early exposure programs (11 of 25 included studies; 44%), efforts to reduce bias in the interview process (8 of 25; 32%), and improving programmatic structure to promote inclusion (6 out of 25; 24%). We found that the highest level of evidence achieved in the literature was level 3 (20 out of 25 included studies; 80%). Studies most commonly intervened to increase racial and ethnic minority representation (19/25; 76%) and women's representation (11/25; 44%).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>This scoping review summarizes and assesses the literature on evidence-based practices for recruiting a diverse surgical workforce. This work outlines interventions institutions can develop to promote diversity within the surgical workforce. Furthermore, it provides areas for advancing the recruitment of an inclusive surgical workforce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50033,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgical Education","volume":"83 2","pages":"Article 103819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}