Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences最新文献_第6页

An Ill-bred Culture of Experimentation: Malaria Therapy and Race in the United States Public Health Service Laboratory at the South Carolina State Hospital, 1932-1952. 缺乏教养的实验文化:1932-1952年南卡罗来纳州医院美国公共卫生服务实验室的疟疾治疗和种族。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad063

Bradford Charles Pelletier

{"title":"An Ill-bred Culture of Experimentation: Malaria Therapy and Race in the United States Public Health Service Laboratory at the South Carolina State Hospital, 1932-1952.","authors":"Bradford Charles Pelletier","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrad063","url":null,"abstract":"While most are aware of the Tuskegee syphilis experiments in which African American syphilis patients went untreated, less is known about experiments with malaria fever therapy conducted upon syphilis patients during the same period by the Unites States Public Health Service at the Williams Laboratory on the grounds of the South Carolina State Hospital (SCSH) in Columbia, SC. Over a twenty-year period, physicians maintained patients as malaria reservoirs for patient-to-patient inoculation and subjected patients to extreme fevers and thousands upon thousands of insect bites as part of a program in which one disease was tested as therapy for another. Using extant administrative files, medical journals from the period, and a database created from SCSH annual reports, this paper considers the ethics of malaria fever therapy experiments while exposing the conditions under which patients suffered the intersecting oppressions of race, class, and mental illness. It illuminates the prevalent scientific racism of the period that enabled pseudo-medical assumptions about African Americans' perceived penchant for poverty, deviant sex, and pain tolerance, which combined to enable a culture of experimentation that influenced events at Stateville Penitentiary and continued long after penicillin became widely available.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathologizing Pathos: Suffering, Technocentrism, and Law in Twentieth-Century American Medicine. 病态化:20世纪美国医学中的痛苦、技术中心主义和法律。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad067

Charlotte Duffee

{"title":"Pathologizing Pathos: Suffering, Technocentrism, and Law in Twentieth-Century American Medicine.","authors":"Charlotte Duffee","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrad067","url":null,"abstract":"In the second half of the twentieth century, concerns about problems in the doctor-patient relationship gave way to a new medical discourse on suffering, owed largely to the work of American physician Eric Cassell. This article tracks the development of his theory of suffering and its global success in transforming tragic medical experiences into diagnosable clinical entities. Beginning with his intellectual development in the 1960s, this article traces Cassell's initial interest in suffering first to his early research on truth-telling and autonomy, followed by his pioneering work in bioethics. Although closely aligned with philosophy, much of the institutional success of bioethics came from American law, which affected Cassell's theorizing. At the same time, doctors experienced a growth in medical malpractice lawsuits, driven in large part by costly \"pain and suffering\" awards, which the medical community sought to curb by encouraging legislatures to codify informed consent. The success of these efforts mandated that doctors disclose previously withheld bad news capable of causing suffering. The cultural changes that followed these disclosures became Cassell's impetus, while legal pain and suffering supplied much of his theory's language and concepts.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Great Inoculator: The Untold Story of Daniel Sutton and his Medical Revolution. Gavin Weightman 伟大的接种者:丹尼尔·萨顿不为人知的故事和他的医学革命。Gavin Weightman

3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad068

Andrew M Wehrman

引用次数: 0

A City Without Care: 300 Years of Racism, Health Disparities & Health Care Activism in New Orleans. Kevin McQueeney 一个无人照顾的城市:300年的种族主义和健康差距新奥尔良的医疗保健运动。凯文McQueeney

3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad069

Christopher D E Willoughby

引用次数: 0

Notes from the Front: The Casebook of a Renaissance Hospital Surgeon. 前面的笔记：文艺复兴医院外科医生的案例手册。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad064

Sharon Strocchia

{"title":"Notes from the Front: The Casebook of a Renaissance Hospital Surgeon.","authors":"Sharon Strocchia","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrad064","url":null,"abstract":"This essay uses the unpublished casebook kept by the Tuscan surgeon Giovanbattista Nardi to examine the provision of urgent medical care in sixteenth-century Italian hospitals. Most major hospitals on the peninsula maintained separate therapeutic spaces known as medicherie for this purpose. Written in the 1580s while Nardi worked as a staff surgeon at a Florentine civic hospital, this rare surgical casebook provides insight into the types of institutional resources devoted to acute medical problems; the clientele seeking immediate assistance and the situations that brought them there; the treatments used to achieve short-term \"cures\"; and the clinical experiences of hospital surgeons who served as frontline healers. A close analysis of the seventy-nine cases recorded sheds new light on everyday surgical treatments for conditions ranging from serious head injuries requiring trephination to syphilitic lesions and genital trauma. Casebook entries also reveal Nardi's deep engagement with the composition and use of topical remedies as both practitioner and experimenter. Intended as a memory aid for future reference, the casebook shows material traces of the author's shifting occupational identity as he matured from hospital surgeon to university-trained physician. Viewed through multiple lenses, this richly layered source expands our understanding of both the practice and profession of early modern surgery.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Operative Innovation and Surgical Conservatism in Twentieth-Century Ulcer Surgery. 二十世纪溃疡外科的手术创新与手术保守。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad065

Christopher Crenner

{"title":"Operative Innovation and Surgical Conservatism in Twentieth-Century Ulcer Surgery.","authors":"Christopher Crenner","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrad065","url":null,"abstract":"Peptic ulcers were a common, and seemingly intractable, problem for surgeons in the US through the early twentieth century. Initial surgical efforts reduced operative mortality and achieved short term successes but failed to establish a definitive solution. The flawed successes of early ulcer surgery drove sustained effort to improve, producing a stream of novel operations over the decades. An examination of the history of ulcer surgery confirms the recent observation that surgical operations of this period were malleable entities subject to constant tinkering and repurposing. Yet, this dynamism in surgical practice remained in tension with conservative pressures, as surgeons hung on to familiar practices and sought to codify agreement on which operation served best for which purpose. Ulcer surgery became a workshop for attempts to resolve this tension. In this context, a canon of recognized operations emerged that accommodated novelties while preserving in surgical discourse an awareness of older operations. Established operations that fell from use literally remained on the books for decades. This compromise between innovation and operative conservatism favored the creative reuse of older ulcer operations, some repurposed, and some combined with other operations in new modular configurations. Ulcer surgery demonstrated recurring patterns of operative repurposing, reconfiguration, and modular recombination. This feature of twentieth-century ulcer surgery also highlights the attachment in modern surgical culture to the historicity of their endeavor, manifested for example in the wide use of eponyms and a fondness for deep genealogies of mentoring and training.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41218040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Healthcare Practitioners' Emotions and the Politics of Well-Being in Twentieth Century Anglo-America. 引言：二十世纪英美医疗从业者的情感与幸福政治。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad023

Jacob D Moses, Agnes Arnold-Forster, Samuel V Schotland

{"title":"Introduction: Healthcare Practitioners' Emotions and the Politics of Well-Being in Twentieth Century Anglo-America.","authors":"Jacob D Moses, Agnes Arnold-Forster, Samuel V Schotland","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad023","url":null,"abstract":"From the stress of burnout to the gratification of camaraderie, medicine is suffused with emotions that educators, administrators, and reformers have sought to shape. Yet historians of medicine have only begun to analyze how emotions have structured health care work. This introductory essay frames a special issue on health care practitioners' emotions in the twentieth-century United Kingdom and United States. We argue that the massive bureaucratic and scientific changes in medicine after the Second World War helped to reshape affective aspects of care. The articles in this issue emphasize the intersubjectivity of feelings in healthcare settings and the mutually constitutive relationship between patients' and providers' emotions. Bridging the history of medicine with the history of emotion demonstrates how emotions are instilled rather than innate, social as well as personal, and, above all else, change over time. The articles reckon with the power dynamics of healthcare. They address the policies and practices that institutions, organizations, and governments have implemented to shape, govern, or manage the affective experiences and well-being of healthcare workers. And they point to important new directions in the history of medicine.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9411636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Loose Attitudes: Politics of Self-Knowledge in Our Bodies, Ourselves and The House of God. 松散的态度：在我们的身体、我们自己和上帝之家中的自我认识的政治。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad025

Kim Adams

引用次数: 0

Attending to Emotions, as both Caregivers and Historians. 照顾情感，既是照顾者又是历史学家。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad026

Scott H Podolsky

引用次数: 0

Children, Sexual Abuse and the Emotions of the Community Health Practitioner in England and Wales, 1970-2000. 1970-2000年英格兰和威尔士社区卫生从业者的儿童、性虐待和情绪。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad024

Ruth Beecher

{"title":"Children, Sexual Abuse and the Emotions of the Community Health Practitioner in England and Wales, 1970-2000.","authors":"Ruth Beecher","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad024","url":null,"abstract":"A survivor of child sexual abuse felt that doctors missed opportunities to notice her distress when, at fourteen, she had an unexplained illness that lasted for a year. The cause, she wrote, was \"explained by Doctors as psychological, but nobody questioned further. WHY??? … If adults don't listen[,] then we have no one to turn to.\" For decades, community health practitioners have been identified as an important group in protecting children from maltreatment, but survivor testimony and agency statistics demonstrate that they rarely receive verbal disclosures or recognize the physical or behavioural warning signs of sexual abuse. The accounts we have of the 1980s tell of swiftly heightening professional awareness, followed by a visceral backlash in the latter part of the decade that discouraged practitioners from acting on their concerns. This article uses trade and professional journals, training materials, textbooks, and new oral histories to consider why community-based doctors and nurses have struggled to notice and respond to the sexually abused child. It will argue that the conceptual model of child sexual abuse that community health practitioners encountered in the workplace encouraged a mechanical and procedural response to suspicions of abuse. In a highly gendered and contested workplace, practitioners' feelings about how survivors, non-abusing family members, and perpetrators should be understood were rarely debated in training or in practice. The emotional cost to the practitioners of engagement with sexual abuse, and their need for spaces of reflexivity and structures of support, were ignored.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9425648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0