Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences最新文献

Mr. Gilbert's World Tour: Rethinking Disabled Veterans Across British Imperial Spaces. 吉尔伯特先生的世界之旅：反思大英帝国空间中的伤残退伍军人。

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad084

Michael Robinson

{"title":"Mr. Gilbert's World Tour: Rethinking Disabled Veterans Across British Imperial Spaces.","authors":"Michael Robinson","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad084","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad084","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a comparative analysis of the treatment of disabled First World War veterans in 1920s Britain and the simultaneous care of Imperial Pensioners residing in Australia and South Africa via the detailed administrative reports of a British civil servant, G.F. Gilbert. Imperial Pensioners were disabled veteran migrants of the British Army residing overseas. A study of these veteran populations in Australia and South Africa provides two primary insights into the broader historiography of disabled veterans. Firstly, a comparative case study helps to show the way in which cultural notions of disability were part of broader ideas of nation-building overseas. Secondly, the specific disability diagnosis category chosen as a more in-depth case study can further complicate and contradict broader assessments of national responses. This article attempts to build upon recent transnational histories of veterans by transcending national boundaries and homogenous veteran profiles with an extension in methodological scope by providing an intra-national case study via the Imperial Pensioner.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"266-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12300749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Religious Dimensions of Epidemic Disease: Cholera, the Ghost Rite, and Missionary Medicine in Nineteenth-Century Korea. 流行病的宗教层面：十九世纪韩国的霍乱、鬼礼和传教医学。

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae001

Shin Kwon Kim

引用次数: 0

The Nature and Purpose of Public Dissections in Early Modern London. 现代早期伦敦公开解剖的性质和目的》（The Nature and Purpose of Public Dissections in Early Modern London）。

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad083

Jacob Murel

引用次数: 0

Malarial Encounters and Shifting Racial Recruitment Strategies by the Basel Mission on the Gold Coast, 1828-1849. 1828-1849 年黄金海岸巴塞尔传教会的疟原虫遭遇和种族招募策略的转变。

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad085

Adam Mohr

{"title":"Malarial Encounters and Shifting Racial Recruitment Strategies by the Basel Mission on the Gold Coast, 1828-1849.","authors":"Adam Mohr","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad085","url":null,"abstract":"In the early- to mid-nineteenth century, European mortality rates in West Africa were the highest in the world. Mortality estimates included nine missionaries sent from the Basel Mission (established in what is now Switzerland) to the Gold Coast (present-day Ghana), eight of whom died between 1828 and 1840, mostly from \"fevers.\" In response to high mortality rates, the Basel Mission recruited several Afro-West Indians to work as Christian missionaries in the Gold Coast, mostly based on the presumption that individuals of African descent would better survive the environment. The decision to recruit Afro-West Indians to evangelize on the Gold Coast seemed to the mission to be a rational decision, one not in need of further justification or an overarching theory of race, environment, and disease. Surprisingly, the Basel Mission did not justify this position Biblically either. Once arrived, the West Indian Christian missionaries mostly lived in the Akwapem hills above Accra at an elevation that would have provided some protection against malaria; subsequently, their mortality rates were significantly lower than the European missionaries. After quinine came to be used as a prophylactic against malaria after 1850, thus lowering European missionary mortality rates, no more Afro-West Indians were recruited by the Basel Mission.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"246-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139484546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"The Shrinking Heart": The Pathologies of Sadness in Medieval and Early Modern Culture. “萎缩的心”：中世纪和近代早期文化中的悲伤病理。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jraf014

Luis F López González

{"title":"\"The Shrinking Heart\": The Pathologies of Sadness in Medieval and Early Modern Culture.","authors":"Luis F López González","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jraf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jraf014","url":null,"abstract":"From the time of Classical Greek medicine through Early Modernity, sadness was considered both a mood and a diagnosable disease. Sadness was closely related to the physiological condition of melancholia, as both sadness and melancholia stemmed from a common etiology (excess of black bile), and both conditions could result in death. Sadness and melancholia had a symbiotic relationship; either one of the two could trigger the other. Because sadness was melancholia's foremost symptom and catalyst, medieval physicians often referred to melancholia and sadness as interchangeable notions and sometimes as synonyms. Influenced by Hippocratic-Galenic systems of thought that dominated the discipline of medicine well after the Renaissance, premodern doctors and natural philosophers conceived the idea that excessive sorrow greatly harmed the human body. They believed that sadness was more than a mood. This paper probes the physiological dimensions of sadness, arguing that from ancient Greek medicine to the Early Modern period, some physicians and natural philosophers believed that because of its inherent relationship with the caustic and cold substance of black bile, sadness had the power to physically shrink the heart. To support my argument, I analyze the medical traditions that developed from the Hippocratic-Galenic system of humorism, zeroing in on the humor of black bile as the main agent of corrosion and contraction. Because the shrinking-heart theory transcended the discipline of medicine, I also investigate this principle in the disciplines of theology, philosophy, and amatory literature in order to demonstrate the impact that the theory of the shrinking heart had on the European imaginary from the Middle Ages to Early Modernity.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

European Infertility Studies Conducted Towards Nazi Reparations, 1946-1978. 对纳粹赔款进行的欧洲不孕症研究，1946-1978。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jraf013

Tiarra Maznick

{"title":"European Infertility Studies Conducted Towards Nazi Reparations, 1946-1978.","authors":"Tiarra Maznick","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jraf013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jraf013","url":null,"abstract":"Following the Holocaust, many women rejoiced when able to reproduce; children represented a return to normalcy, a stake in futurity, and even reproductive revenge against the Nazi regime. The consequent baby boom in Displaced Persons camps demonstrably reaffirmed this return to life and resignification of values. In the following decades, however, this demonstrated fertility was cast aside in favor of reparation politics. Though amenorrhea (cessation of women's menstrual cycles) was a common occurrence during wartime, the discourse around infertility became a symbolic way to articulate a range of claims about gendered, bodily damage stemming from Nazi persecution. Concerned with national indemnification and national repopulation, physicians in the formerly occupied countries leaned into new roles as political-medical actors in varying degrees and contexts. Between 1946-1951, physicians from marginalized identities and formerly occupied countries opposed those who had been affiliated with the Nazi party, claiming that amenorrhea was a war-related condition worthy of compensation. From 1952-1967, sympathetic physicians seeking to counter West German rejections linked amenorrhea with psychic trauma - the latter of which the government denied as grounds for reparations. The last group of studies, 1963-1978, stemming exclusively from Poland, demanded reparations for the Polish people - research that gradually dovetailed with Poland's modernization efforts of the 1970s. None of the studies pointed to any singular consensus. This article seeks to illuminate how points of contention in the history of German reparations were met by physicians whose role, by virtue of West German reparations processes, was charged politically and whose findings, by virtue of this political valence, took definitive stances.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Vodka knows when the time is right": Theatre, Hygiene, and Anti-Alcohol Propaganda in the Early Soviet Union. “伏特加知道什么时候是对的”：苏联早期的戏剧、卫生和反酒精宣传。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jraf012

Igor J Polianski, Oxana Kosenko, Jana Schulz

{"title":"\"Vodka knows when the time is right\": Theatre, Hygiene, and Anti-Alcohol Propaganda in the Early Soviet Union.","authors":"Igor J Polianski, Oxana Kosenko, Jana Schulz","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jraf012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jraf012","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol consumption was a prominent biopolitical issue in the early Soviet Union that was shaped by various factors, including ideological dictates, health-policy objectives, economic constraints, and strong popular demand for alcohol. While the Bolshevik purists around Trotsky preached that alcohol and socialism were incompatible, amongst the party leadership there were also advocates of moderate alcohol consumption. The Soviet elite nevertheless agreed that a profound transformation of national culture was necessary to tackle the rampant alcoholism that plagued the country. Various measures were deployed to enlighten and educate the masses, one of which was anti-alcohol theatrical propaganda. The article aims to trace the changing discourse on alcohol in the early Soviet Union based on the texts of sanitary theatrical productions as well as archival documents of the Moscow Theatre for Sanitary Culture. It will show how malleable this form of art and propaganda was in communicating the changing political agendas of the 1920s and 1930s. Anti-alcohol trials and plays, acting on an emotional level, could clearly explain to the audience in an accessible and entertaining way the reasons for prohibition or the norms of alcohol consumption. Thus, the article also addresses aspects of emotional experience and shifts in society's emotional standards.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Dark Corners": Child Sex Murder, Forensic Expertise, and Protective Treatment in Socialist Czechoslovakia. “黑暗角落”：社会主义捷克斯洛伐克的儿童性谋杀、法医鉴定和保护性治疗。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jraf011

Andrea Bělehradová, Marie Láníková, Kateřina Lišková

引用次数: 0

Pathologizing Pathos: Suffering, Technocentrism, and Law in Twentieth-Century American Medicine. 病态化:20世纪美国医学中的痛苦、技术中心主义和法律。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad067

Charlotte Duffee

{"title":"Pathologizing Pathos: Suffering, Technocentrism, and Law in Twentieth-Century American Medicine.","authors":"Charlotte Duffee","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad067","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad067","url":null,"abstract":"In the second half of the twentieth century, concerns about problems in the doctor-patient relationship gave way to a new medical discourse on suffering, owed largely to the work of American physician Eric Cassell. This article tracks the development of his theory of suffering and its global success in transforming tragic medical experiences into diagnosable clinical entities. Beginning with his intellectual development in the 1960s, this article traces Cassell's initial interest in suffering first to his early research on truth-telling and autonomy, followed by his pioneering work in bioethics. Although closely aligned with philosophy, much of the institutional success of bioethics came from American law, which affected Cassell's theorizing. At the same time, doctors experienced a growth in medical malpractice lawsuits, driven in large part by costly \"pain and suffering\" awards, which the medical community sought to curb by encouraging legislatures to codify informed consent. The success of these efforts mandated that doctors disclose previously withheld bad news capable of causing suffering. The cultural changes that followed these disclosures became Cassell's impetus, while legal pain and suffering supplied much of his theory's language and concepts.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"169-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Racial Disparities in the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: A Case Study of Durham, North Carolina. 探索 1918 年流感大流行中的种族差异：北卡罗来纳州达勒姆案例研究》。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrad066

Mallory Bryant, Jeffrey Baker

{"title":"Exploring Racial Disparities in the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: A Case Study of Durham, North Carolina.","authors":"Mallory Bryant, Jeffrey Baker","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrad066","url":null,"abstract":"The paradox of excess mortality among White Americans during the 1918 influenza pandemic has long puzzled historians and scientists. Recent scholarship has suggested that this disparity was not true for the country as a whole, but rather regional variation was observed. The factors influencing these disparities remain speculative. A case study was conducted of Durham, North Carolina, a city known nationally for the achievements of its Black middle class, to further explore these themes relying on numerous sources including newspapers and death certificates. Though Durham's overall mortality was lower than many places in North Carolina, the White mortality rate greatly exceeded that of the Black population. Previously described theories, including Alfred Crosby's exposure hypothesis and segregation, were explored. The most notable difference between Durham's pandemic narrative and other comparable towns was the robust healthcare response, which was made possible by the excellence of the Black nursing force from Lincoln Hospital. Nursing care was the best treatment available for the 1918 influenza, but most of the nation experienced severe nursing shortages due to the war effort. This study thus provides an example of how the Black health community has proven an active agent in countering the structural forces driving racial disparities.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"126-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0