Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences最新文献

Out of Breath: Toward a New Origin Story of Public Health. 喘不过气来：迈向公共卫生的新起源故事》。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae013

Jim Downs

引用次数: 0

Re-Writing Pandemic Histories: Introduction. 重写大流行病的历史：导言。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae005

Jacob Steere-Williams, Claire Edington

引用次数: 0

The Pandemic Arc: Expanded Narratives in the History of Global Health. 大流行弧线：全球卫生史中的扩展叙事。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae008

Monica H Green

{"title":"The Pandemic Arc: Expanded Narratives in the History of Global Health.","authors":"Monica H Green","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae008","url":null,"abstract":"Using the examples of plague, smallpox, and HIV/AIDS, the present essay argues for the benefits of incorporating the evolutionary histories of pathogens, beyond visible epidemic spikes within human populations, into our understanding of what pandemics actually are as epidemiological phenomena. The pandemic arc - which takes the pathogen as the defining \"actor\" in a pandemic, from emergence to local proliferation to globalization - offers a framework capable of bringing together disparate aspects not only of the manifestations of disease but also of human involvement in the pandemic process. Pathogens may differ, but there are common patterns in disease emergence and proliferation that distinguish those diseases that become pandemic, dispersed through human communities regionally or globally. The same methods of genomic analysis that allow tracking the evolutionary development of a modern pathogen such as SARS-CoV-2 also allow us to trace pandemics into the past. Reconstruction of these pandemic arcs brings new elements of these stories into view, recovering the experiences of regions and populations hitherto overlooked by Eurocentric narratives. This expanded global history of infectious diseases, in turn, lays a groundwork for reconceiving what ambitions a truly global health might aim for.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The End of the Beginning? Temporality and Bioagency in Pandemic Research. 起点的终点？大流行病研究中的时间性与生物代理。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae006

Mandisa Mbali

{"title":"The End of the Beginning? Temporality and Bioagency in Pandemic Research.","authors":"Mandisa Mbali","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the ways in which the intellectual and political history of AIDS can assist in the chronological conceptualization of a pandemic such as COVID-19 as it is unfolding. It problematizes the idea of pandemic \"beginnings\" and \"ends\" to show that such definitions are shaped by the disciplinary location and thematic foci of relevant scholars. Central to this analysis is the notion that ethical and political contexts affect research on a pandemic in different ways at national and global levels at various points in its trajectory. The article develops this argument in relation to two main themes: firstly, with reference to the history of AIDS research in South Africa; secondly, with the philosophical concept of bioagency to understand the ways in which viruses and humans co-shape the course of epidemics over time. I first make the case for the development of historically informed, long-term ethnographic studies of COVID-19. Using bioagency as a point of departure to consider viruses as social actors, the essay then critiques the notion of bioinformationalism as catalyzing the widening accessibility of biomedical research. Instead, I discuss the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries as protagonists in the operation of biocapital. I argue that the history of AIDS in South Africa can provide methodological and theoretical insights into how to interpret an unfolding epidemic, outlining an ambitious transdisciplinary research agenda for thinking about the temporality of a pandemic spanning the different, interconnected, scales of life.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Pandemics know no borders," but Responses to Pandemics Do: Global Health, COVID-19, and Latin America. "大流行病无国界，但应对大流行病有国界：全球健康、COVID-19 和拉丁美洲。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae010

Marcos Cueto

引用次数: 0

Environmental Materialities and the History of Pandemics. 环境物质性与流行病史。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae007

Emily Webster

{"title":"Environmental Materialities and the History of Pandemics.","authors":"Emily Webster","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae007","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last several decades, a growing group of environmental and medical historians have argued that engagement with the materiality of disease is critical to eroding the false boundaries between environment and health, and especially to the historical study of major epidemics and pandemics. This article evaluates the ways in which environmental and medical historians have engaged materiality when thinking through questions of infectious disease. It argues that far from eschewing cultural constructions of disease and analysis of medical systems, these works demonstrate that engagement with materiality in the study of disease articulates the stakes of medical regimes and practices of healing, and renders legible the multiple scales at which epidemics occur. Addressing key controversies in the use of sources, it provides examples of works that incorporate material objects, biological ideas and actors, and non-humans without falling prey to the extremes of \"biological determinism\" or \"constructivism.\" It argues that commonalities in the methods employed by these works - utilization of scientific frameworks and data, multispecies analysis, attention to scale, and spatial thinking - reveal unseen and untold aspects of past pandemics. It concludes with a brief example of how these frameworks come together in practice through a case study on the history of enteric fever in Dublin, Ireland.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In COVID Times: Scholars of Health and Medicine Meet Disaster Studies. 在 COVID 时代：健康和医学学者与灾难研究相遇。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae011

Scott Gabriel Knowles

引用次数: 0

The Need for Historical Fluency in Pandemic Law and Policy. 大流行病法律和政策需要历史流畅性。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae009

Daniel S Goldberg

{"title":"The Need for Historical Fluency in Pandemic Law and Policy.","authors":"Daniel S Goldberg","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae009","url":null,"abstract":"The primary claim of this essay is that historical fluency is required for effective work in crafting legal and policy interventions as a part of public health emergency preparedness and response (PHEPR). At a broad level, public health law is explicitly recognized as a key systems-level component of PHEPR practice.1 This essay therefore focuses on the extent to which historical fluency is necessary or at least useful to all aspects of PHEPR that draw on or deploy legal and policy mechanisms (e.g., design, planning, implementation, dissemination, monitoring and evaluation, etc.). The essay collectively refers to these legal and policy mechanisms as epidemic law and policy response (ELAPR). Part I explains the concept of historical fluency. Part II explores the foundations of public health law both as a way of highlighting key structural features of ELAPR and in supporting the claim that historical fluency is critical for ELAPR. Part III applies the previous arguments to a specific case study to highlight the promise and power of historical fluency - the outbreak of bubonic plague in San Francisco in 1900. Tracking this essay's pragmatic focus, part IV offers several recommendations for how specifically historical fluency in public health law and ethics can be operationalized in PHEPR practice and policy. Part V summarizes and concludes.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Working Vacations and Adventure: American Women Physician Volunteers to the Labrador Mission of Wilfred Grenfell Before 1914. 工作假期与冒险：1914 年前威尔弗雷德-格伦费尔在拉布拉多传教的美国女医师志愿者。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae031

Jennifer J Connor

{"title":"Working Vacations and Adventure: American Women Physician Volunteers to the Labrador Mission of Wilfred Grenfell Before 1914.","authors":"Jennifer J Connor","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrae031","url":null,"abstract":"Many accounts, autobiographical and scholarly, emphasize how volunteers portrayed their work in the mission established for fishers by British physician Wilfred Grenfell in Newfoundland and Labrador: as escapist adventure. Scholars have not studied women physicians or their motivations to volunteer, however. This oversight derives from their small number combined with lack of knowledge about this mission's distinction from the foreign medical missions and domestic frontier missions that drew many women physicians to permanent positions. This study therefore discusses two American physicians, Alfreda B. Withington (1860-1951) and Emma E. Musson (1862-1913), who volunteered for summer service with this mission in 1907 and 1909, respectively. Through their publications, biographical sources, and clinical accounts, it reveals the appeal to them of such temporary, accessible volunteer service as a working vacation that rejuvenated. Importantly, it counters the skewed perspective of contemporary accounts in which the connection of Withington and Musson to an international celebrity, Wilfred Grenfell, overrode fuller considerations of their own lives, careers, and experiences. Finally, this examination suggests possible differences in their volunteerism between women physicians and their male counterparts: along with other women professionals, medical women often incorporated volunteer vacation experience into a continuum of similar endeavors in their careers.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safe Sex and the Debate over Condoms on Campus in the 1980s: Sperm Busters at Harvard and Protection Connection at the University of Texas at Austin 20 世纪 80 年代校园中的安全性行为和关于安全套的争论：哈佛大学的精子克星和德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的保护联系

IF 0.5 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae016

Abena Dove Osseo-Asare

{"title":"Safe Sex and the Debate over Condoms on Campus in the 1980s: Sperm Busters at Harvard and Protection Connection at the University of Texas at Austin","authors":"Abena Dove Osseo-Asare","doi":"10.1093/jhmas/jrae016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrae016","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1980s, college students in the United States helped to destigmatize the distribution and use of condoms. They shifted their aims from preventing unwanted pregnancy to stopping the spread of sexually transmitted infections including the newly identified acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two student-led initiatives to deliver condoms after hours at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts and the University of Texas at Austin show regional and temporal differences in sexual mores as awareness of AIDS increased. These male students adopted a non-pharmaceutical intervention to prevent pregnancy and disease in the context of increased marketing of Trojan® brand condoms. Interviews with co-founders reveal how the students grappled with backlash from family members and campus administrators less enthusiastic about their popularization of condoms. Co-founders described how media attention affected their college experiences and how condom companies changed campus culture. Overall, large non-pharmaceutical companies such as Trojan® and small condom-resellers such as those at Harvard and the University of Texas at Austin reshaped cultural norms around safe sex as awareness of AIDS grew between 1985 and 1987.","PeriodicalId":49998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0