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Effects of Driving Background Complexity and Interface Opacity on Visual Cognition in AR-HUD Systems 驾驶背景复杂性和界面不透明度对AR-HUD系统视觉认知的影响
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2096
Jing Li, Chuchu Wang, Mo Chen
{"title":"Effects of Driving Background Complexity and Interface Opacity on Visual Cognition in AR-HUD Systems","authors":"Jing Li,&nbsp;Chuchu Wang,&nbsp;Mo Chen","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cognitive effectiveness of AR-HUD interfaces is influenced by driving background complexity (DBC) and information opacity. This study explores how they impact visual cognition and reaction efficiency using a dual-phase experimental approach. In Experiment I, a subjective evaluation classified DBC into low, medium, and high levels based on static driving scene images. This was followed by an objective assessment of the complexity of color variety, edge density, and texture features for the selected L-DBC, M-DBC, and H-DBC images. Experiment II then employed eye-tracking metrics (reaction time, mean pupil diameter, and AOI fixation duration) to evaluate participants' visual performance across 10 opacity gradients (0.1–1.0). Results revealed significant interactions between DBC and opacity levels. Under L-DBC, M-DBC, and H-DBC conditions, the relationship between information opacity and reaction times exhibited different phases. To optimize visual cognitive performance, AR-HUD opacity should be set at a minimum of 0.6. When opacity levels are below 0.7, the greater the DBC, the longer the response time for the same opacity. When the information opacity is above 0.7, quicker reaction times can be achieved, regardless of whether the DBC is high or low. These findings offer valuable design guidelines for optimizing AR-HUD text opacity in complex driving backgrounds.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 8","pages":"919-936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
One-Dimensional Integral Imaging Display Using Nonuniform Line Light Source Array 基于非均匀线光源阵列的一维积分成像显示
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2098
Bai-Chuan Zhao, Jia-Hui Zhou, Xin Li, Feng-Juan Wang, Rui Guo, Yang Fu
{"title":"One-Dimensional Integral Imaging Display Using Nonuniform Line Light Source Array","authors":"Bai-Chuan Zhao,&nbsp;Jia-Hui Zhou,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Feng-Juan Wang,&nbsp;Rui Guo,&nbsp;Yang Fu","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A one-dimensional integral imaging (1DII) display using a nonuniform line light source array is proposed. The nonuniform line light source array was composed of line light sources whose width increased from the middle to both sides. Barriers were adopted to separate the light rays from adjacent line light sources. The line light source only illuminated the aligned elemental image. The width difference of adjacent line light sources was optimized. The primary viewing zone was identical to the middle viewing zone which was generated by the middle elemental image. An experimental apparatus was developed to demonstrate the proposed theory. The viewing angle of the proposed 1DII display is approximately increased by 60%.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 8","pages":"914-918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Color Shift Improvement for ADS Mode Wide-View Liquid Crystal Displays ADS模式宽视场液晶显示器的色移改进
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2092
Yanni Liu, Hui Wang, Sheng Wang, Bingbing Wu
{"title":"Color Shift Improvement for ADS Mode Wide-View Liquid Crystal Displays","authors":"Yanni Liu,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Sheng Wang,&nbsp;Bingbing Wu","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2092","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article introduces some methods for improving the color shift in the side view of LCDs, particularly for wide-view displays. By coating films with different refractive indices at various positions on the panel, color changes in the side view can be achieved. Moreover, the side-view color can also be adjusted by means such as adjusting the backlight's white coordinates and adding a small retardation film outside the panel.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 5","pages":"706-715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chromaticity Space Uniformity and Gamut: Analysis and Visualization 色度空间均匀性和色域：分析和可视化
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2094
Kenichiro Masaoka
{"title":"Chromaticity Space Uniformity and Gamut: Analysis and Visualization","authors":"Kenichiro Masaoka","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The perceptual uniformity of the CIE 1931 (<i>x</i>, <i>y</i>) and CIE 1976 (<i>u'</i>, <i>v'</i>) chromaticity spaces is examined using the latest color difference metric. A honeycomb sampling method reveals that the <i>u'v'</i> space is less uniform than the <i>xy</i> space, highlighting the need to abandon the <i>u'v'</i> space and adopt gamut rings for color gamut visualization.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 8","pages":"909-913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sid.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jsid.2094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A miniaturized augmented reality head-up display system based on real-time holographic with dynamic depth variation 基于实时全息动态深度变化的小型增强现实平视显示系统
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2048
Chien-Yu Chen, Tzu-An Chou, Bohr-Ran Huang, Chih-Hao Chuang
{"title":"A miniaturized augmented reality head-up display system based on real-time holographic with dynamic depth variation","authors":"Chien-Yu Chen,&nbsp;Tzu-An Chou,&nbsp;Bohr-Ran Huang,&nbsp;Chih-Hao Chuang","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) systems utilizing computer-generated hologram technology have emerged as a focal point of optical innovation. Traditional display systems often rely on arrays of projectors or multiple spatial light modulators (SLMs) for multidepth projection; thus, these systems are typically complex and expensive. To address these challenges, the present study developed a miniaturized AR-HUD system that integrates an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) with holographic display technology. By leveraging a single SLM for spatial multiplexing, this AR-HUD system achieves a streamlined design, enhancing real-time data visualization and situational awareness. The proposed AR-HUD system has a simple architecture and relatively low costs, and it advances driving safety and convenience by dynamically adjusting the depth of holographic images through deep learning techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 7","pages":"894-901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of laser-assisted bonding in micro-LED display technology 激光辅助键合在微型led显示技术中的应用
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2057
Yongxin Cui, Xiaobiao Dong, Zehao Ma, Yitao Wang, Xuan Cao
{"title":"Application of laser-assisted bonding in micro-LED display technology","authors":"Yongxin Cui,&nbsp;Xiaobiao Dong,&nbsp;Zehao Ma,&nbsp;Yitao Wang,&nbsp;Xuan Cao","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Micro-LED is considered as the new generation of display with the long-lifetime, high contrast and brightness, splicing capability, and so forth. Mass transfer is the bottleneck that limits the manufacturing of Micro-LED display at large volume, due to factors such as laser-lift off, pick-up, and metal bonding. Metal bonding between the Micro-LED chip and the substrate is one of the most important factors to the light-up yield. To solve the key thermal mismatch issue between the backplane and Micro-LED donor during heating, the laser-assisted bonding process could be a viable solution. We present a study in metallic element Au/Sn with high productivity, capability and low cost, as well as good thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent bonding strength, and low sensitivity to surface roughness. The result is presented in a 62 × 78 pixels full-color Micro-LED display, with reliable metal electrical connection between microscale LED devices and the backplane that can be achieved under 250°C without any damage to the backplane. In conclusion, the micromorphology and formation mechanism of different alloy phase compositions of welded metal elements have been thoroughly studied, and a feasible technological methodology has been developed for the upcoming mass production of Micro-LED display modules.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 7","pages":"873-879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of personality traits on automation complacency in human-machine collaborative systems 人机协作系统中人格特征对自动化自满的影响
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2091
Xiaofang Yuan, Kexin Han, Yuming Sun
{"title":"The impact of personality traits on automation complacency in human-machine collaborative systems","authors":"Xiaofang Yuan,&nbsp;Kexin Han,&nbsp;Yuming Sun","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the impact of five personality traits of operators on automation complacency within human-machine collaborative systems. The aim is to provide a basis for the design of human-machine collaborative systems, thereby optimizing the systems to accommodate users with different personality traits and improving the safety and efficiency of collaboration. An experiment was conducted on the OpenMATB (Open-source Multi-Attribute Task Battery) platform, collecting data on personality traits, automation complacency scale scores, task performance metrics, and EEG (Electroencephalography) data from 48 participants. The analysis revealed that individuals with low conscientiousness, high openness, and low agreeableness are more likely to exhibit automation complacency. Conversely, individuals with low neuroticism and extraversion did not show significant differences in automation complacency.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 7","pages":"880-893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating the effects of degradation and restoration on face recognition in under-display cameras 研究退化和恢复对下显摄像头人脸识别的影响
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2090
Kyusu Ahn, Chanwoo Park, Jaejin Lee
{"title":"Investigating the effects of degradation and restoration on face recognition in under-display cameras","authors":"Kyusu Ahn,&nbsp;Chanwoo Park,&nbsp;Jaejin Lee","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Under-display camera (UDC) technology integrates the camera beneath the screen, enabling a full-screen display without a notch or punch-hole design. However, inevitable degradation occurs due to diffraction caused by display pixels, leading to reduced transmittance, noise, blur, and flare. These optical distortions degrade facial recognition accuracy, limiting the practicality of UDC systems. Despite ongoing research on UDC image restoration, studies on facial recognition performance with UDC remain limited. While a few studies have attempted to generate UDC-distorted images containing human faces, they overlook actual UDC degradations and the pair-matching task, a key smartphone application. This paper presents three UDC facial recognition datasets generated by a generative adversarial network (GAN) trained on synthetic and real-world datasets with flares. We aim to analyze the impact of UDC restoration on face recognition accuracy, particularly in pair matching, contributing to the expansion of UDC face recognition research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 5","pages":"698-705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jsid.2090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fabrication and bending reliability evaluation of flexible electrowetting display device 柔性电润湿显示装置的制作及弯曲可靠性评价
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2085
Tinghong Yang, Miaoyang Wei, Jianyang Guo, Caihong Sun, Luyao Yan, Xiaomeng Li, Simin Ma, Dongxiang Luo, Rui Zhou, Tang Biao, Jiawei Lai, Dong Yuan
{"title":"Fabrication and bending reliability evaluation of flexible electrowetting display device","authors":"Tinghong Yang,&nbsp;Miaoyang Wei,&nbsp;Jianyang Guo,&nbsp;Caihong Sun,&nbsp;Luyao Yan,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Li,&nbsp;Simin Ma,&nbsp;Dongxiang Luo,&nbsp;Rui Zhou,&nbsp;Tang Biao,&nbsp;Jiawei Lai,&nbsp;Dong Yuan","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Electrowetting Display (EWD) has numerous advantages making it a potential candidate for flexible displays. However, there has been limited research on the bending performance of Flexible Electrowetting Displays (FLEWD) and their feasibility in terms of flexibility has not been confirmed. To investigate the impact of bending on stability performance, FLEWD using flexible active-matrix substrate and PEN conductive substrates were fabricated. A systematic performance evaluation system for flexible devices is established. The results showed that FLEWD can display videos normally during bending. In the off state, the device can withstand a bending limit represented by a radius of 2 cm at a bending speed of 80 mm/s for 5,000 times. In the on state, the corresponding limits are 4 cm, 40 mm/s, and 100 times. Besides, the failure mode of FLEWD bending is clarified, which provides a guideline for the improvement of the flexural performance of flexible EWD in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 7","pages":"861-872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
4032-pixels per inch threshold voltage compensation pixel circuit for organic light-emitting diode-on-silicon 硅基有机发光二极管的4032像素/英寸阈值电压补偿像素电路
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.2067
Sanghyun Heo, Joon Chul Goh, Taehun Lee, Seungha Baek, Ohjo Kwon, Sangmyeon Han, Jaebeom Choi
{"title":"4032-pixels per inch threshold voltage compensation pixel circuit for organic light-emitting diode-on-silicon","authors":"Sanghyun Heo,&nbsp;Joon Chul Goh,&nbsp;Taehun Lee,&nbsp;Seungha Baek,&nbsp;Ohjo Kwon,&nbsp;Sangmyeon Han,&nbsp;Jaebeom Choi","doi":"10.1002/jsid.2067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.2067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Virtual reality (VR) headsets with pancake lenses require organic light-emitting diode-on-silicon (OLEDoS) panels for higher pixel density and superior image quality. Achieving high-quality OLEDoS panels necessitates integrating pixel compensation circuits within the limited pixel area of high-resolution displays. However, reduced transistor count increases Vth variation, while smaller storage capacitors with higher parasitic capacitance degrade image quality. This study proposes a novel 7T1C pixel compensation circuit for 4032-ppi OLEDoS panels operating at 8 V. The circuit minimizes the body effect in CMOS transistors by maintaining equal voltage at the source and body nodes of the driving transistor. An area-efficient single-capacitor design and a data-driving method without toggling mitigate image quality degradation caused by capacitor coupling. The proposed 4032-ppi panel enhances short-range uniformity (SRU) from 90.4% to 97.3% and reduces horizontal cross-talk from 2.0% to 1.3%.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"33 5","pages":"689-697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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