Journal of Veterinary Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Gap junction protein gamma 2 (GJC2) gene frameshift deletion in Toy Poodles with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy resembling human Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease 1.","authors":"Yuki Hajiri, Hiroshi Ueno, Gaku Tahara, Tomohito Itoh, Yutaro Nakayama, James K Chambers, Kazuyuki Uchida, Rizo Ohta, Masao Ohwaki, Joji Ohta","doi":"10.1292/jvms.25-0586","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.25-0586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease type 1 (PMLD1), also known as hypomyelinating dystrophy 2, is a typical slowly progressive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (HLD) that manifests in the neonatal period or early infancy. In humans, PMLD1 is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, with genetic variants identified in the gap junction protein gamma 2 (GJC2) gene. Six juvenile-age Toy Poodle dogs exhibited coarse, vertical head and trunk tremors from immediately after birth. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging revealed uniform signal hyperintensities throughout the subcortical white matter in all dogs. All dogs were euthanized. Subsequent histopathological examination revealed vacuolar changes and demyelination in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter, leading to a diagnosis of HLD. Genetic analysis of five affected dogs identified a shared homozygous 14-base pair deletion in the GJC2 gene, XM_038556433.1:c.920_933del. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pathogenic GJC2 variant in dogs or any other domestic animal species. The results will enable genetic testing and provide a spontaneous large animal model for the homologous human disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1483-1491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver histopathological findings and clinical associations in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy for gallbladder mucocele.","authors":"Yoshihiko Murakami, Midori Goto Asakawa, Takeo Minami","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0193","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gallbladder mucocele is frequently associated with concurrent hepatic pathology. However, studies examining the clinical relevance of concurrent liver histopathological findings in this condition remain scarce. This retrospective study evaluated liver histopathological findings in dogs that underwent cholecystectomy with concurrent liver biopsy and investigated their associations with preoperative variables, postoperative alanine aminotransferase (ALT) kinetics, and overall survival. Vacuolar degeneration was the most common histopathological finding, followed by hepatic fibrosis and neutrophilic cholangiohepatitis. The severity of neutrophilic cholangiohepatitis was positively correlated with preoperative serum bilirubin concentrations and common bile duct diameter and was associated with reduced postoperative survival. Conversely, the severity of fibrosis was primarily associated with the duration of postoperative ALT elevation. These findings suggest that concurrent liver histopathology, particularly the severity of neutrophilic cholangiohepatitis, may provide clinically relevant information regarding preoperative cholestatic changes and postoperative outcomes in dogs that underwent cholecystectomy for gallbladder mucocele.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1531-1536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging brain lesions of a 60-year-old Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus).","authors":"Yutaro Nakayama, James K Chambers, Kaori Ota, Ayumi Yamaguchi, Kosuke Toda, Saori Sato, Akane Kato, Yuka Kamakura, Kazuyuki Uchida","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0270","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A female Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) raised in a zoo died at 60 years of age. The animal showed no clinical signs besides decreased gait speed. Pathological examination revealed small hemorrhagic foci in the cerebral cortex and liver fibrosis with fatty degeneration of the hepatocytes. To evaluate aging lesions, the brain was examined histologically and immunohistochemically. Severe amyloid β (Aβ) deposition was observed in the cerebral cortex and vascular walls. Parenchymal Aβ deposits in the cerebral cortex appeared as diffuse plaques. Loss of smooth muscle was observed in the vascular walls affected by Aβ deposition. In contrast, only a few phosphorylated tau aggregates were observed. This report describes severe Aβ deposition in the brain of the oldest orangutan ever reported, which did not exhibit significant tau pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1512-1517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pulsed electromagnetic therapy on the major hematological and biochemical parameters in horses.","authors":"László Pongrácz, Werner Bouwer, Tibor Bartha, Dávid Sándor Kiss, Krisztián Németh, Bernadett Szabó, István Tóth","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0089","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy, a commonly used supplementary treatment in the horse industry, shows promise in enhancing circulation, reducing inflammation, and supporting cellular repair; however, its effects on equine physiology remain unclear. Limited research and inconsistent protocols create uncertainty about its efficacy and safety in horses. Our study evaluates the short-term effects of PEMF on hematological and biochemical parameters in horses. Five active sport horses underwent PEMF therapy for five consecutive days using a full-body blanket at specific frequencies. Blood samples were collected both before and after treatment to assess 72 hematological, biochemical, and endocrine parameters. Pre- and post-treatment data for each parameter were analyzed and compared. While most hematological parameters remained stable, significant alterations were observed in reticulocyte and platelet counts, as well as hemoglobin levels. Blood biochemistry exhibited greater variability, with notable changes in plasma proteins, bilirubin, uric acid, creatine kinase, creatinine, liver enzymes, and iron-binding capacity. No significant changes were observed in cortisol or thyroxine levels. According to our exploratory data, whole-body PEMF therapy showed no detectable adverse effects over five days on health or stress response. While most parameters remained unchanged, significant biochemical and hematological changes suggest that PEMF may support the animals and warrant further research on its mechanisms and applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1614-1624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of autoregressive spectral analysis for heart rate variability in dogs: validation of model order and comparison with fast Fourier transform.","authors":"Shunsuke Shimamura, Taichi Kimura, Azusa Umemoto, Tetsuya Hayashi, Naoto Kidani, Shunichi Watanabe, Tetsuya Hasegawa, Kosei Sakai","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0246","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is widely used to evaluate autonomic nervous system activity. Although a fixed 16th-order autoregressive (AR) model is commonly used for human short-term frequency-domain HRV analysis, its applicability to dogs has not been validated. This study evaluated the suitability of the fixed 16th-order AR model for canine HRV analysis by comparing HRV indices obtained using AR(16) with those derived from Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC)- and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC)-selected AR models and the conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) method. Twenty-three clinically healthy dogs underwent continuous heart rate monitoring for approximately 3 days using a wearable device. One stationary 5-min R-R interval segment was selected from each recording, and frequency-domain HRV indices were calculated using AR(16), AIC-selected AR models, BIC-selected AR models, and FFT. Agreement among methods was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis. HRV indices obtained using AR(16) showed excellent agreement with AIC-selected model orders and good agreement with FFT, whereas agreement with BIC-selected model orders was lower, particularly for low-frequency-related indices. These findings support the applicability of the conventional fixed 16th-order AR model for canine frequency-domain HRV analysis and provide methodological validation for its use in future veterinary HRV research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1584-1591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin and epirubicin and exploratory investigations of clinical parameters indicating the cardiotoxicity in healthy dogs.","authors":"Shotaro Shimano, Hirotaka Tomiyasu, Kento Ishikawa, Hiroki Sakuma, Hiroto Toyoda, Naoki Matsumura, Shigehito Uchikura, Haruka Inazumi, Yuto Namiki, Kota Nakase, Takumi Tsuruta, Nana Nakamura, Koichiro Miura, Itsuma Nagao, Ryota Tochinai, James K Chambers, Kazuyuki Uchida, Takeshi Mizuno, Yuko Goto-Koshino, Masaru Okuda","doi":"10.1292/jvms.25-0431","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.25-0431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) and epirubicin (EPI) has not been thoroughly compared in dogs. Fractional shortening (FS) is considered insufficient for detecting early myocardial damage induced by these drugs. This study aimed to compare the cardiotoxicity between EPI and DOX and to investigate parameters associated with histopathological findings induced by these drugs. Eight healthy beagles were randomly divided into two groups and administered either DOX or EPI until development of anthracycline-induced cardiac dysfunction (AICD), defined as consecutive FS below 30%, or until reaching a cumulative dose of 300 mg/m². After the final evaluation, the dogs were euthanized, and cardiac tissues were histopathologically evaluated. One dog in the EPI group developed AICD after six administrations (cumulative dose of 168 mg/m²), whereas no other dogs did. The number of vacuolated myocardial cells was significantly higher in the DOX group than in the EPI group. In the DOX group, but not in the EPI group, longitudinal strain (A4C-LS) and tissue motion mitral annulus displacement (A4C-TMAD) from the left apical four-chamber view, global longitudinal strain, myocardial performance index and velocity-time integral from left ventricle, mitral annular plane systolic excursion, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I showed significant changes after treatment. Furthermore, A4C-LS and A4C-TMAD were correlated with the extent of myocardial collagen fibers. These results suggest that EPI induces less severe myocardial injury than DOX, although individual variability in drug sensitivity exists. Echocardiographic parameters such as A4C-LS and A4C-TMAD may serve as sensitive markers for early myocardial injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1592-1602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of four commercially available prescription diet regimens on the fecal microbiome in healthy cats.","authors":"Takumi Komiya, Kaoru Koyama, Ran Akiyama, Hitomi Oda, Kureha Gokita, Toshinori Sako, Akihiro Mori","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0494","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet significantly influences the gut microbiota, with variations in macronutrient content (proteins, fats, and carbohydrates) and the presence of non-digestible carbohydrates, such as fiber, playing crucial roles in shaping microbial composition. This study investigated the effects of four commercial prescription diets (low-carbohydrate, weight-loss, high soluble fiber, and renal) on the fecal microbiome of five healthy domestic cats using a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Fecal samples were analyzed using Illumina sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to assess bacterial community structure and diversity. Results showed that cats fed the renal diet (low protein, high carbohydrate, high fat) were associated with higher relative abundances of the class Actinobacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium. The low-carbohydrate diet was associated with higher relative abundances of Adlercreutzia, Collinsella, and Slackia. The high-soluble fiber diet was associated with a higher relative proportion of Streptococcaceae. In contrast, the renal diet was associated with lower relative abundances of Blautia and Erysipelotrichales. No significant differences were observed in alpha-diversity indices among diets, whereas beta-diversity analysis showed significant differences in microbial community composition among dietary groups. These findings suggest that dietary composition may influence the fecal microbiome in healthy cats. However, given the exploratory design and compositional nature of the sequencing data, these findings should be interpreted cautiously and considered hypothesis-generating.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1471-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical angiomatous meningioma with E-cadherin-positive inclusion bodies in a dog.","authors":"Hisaki Tokuno, Yoshiki Sugiyama, James K Chambers, Kazuyuki Uchida","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0294","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 11-year-old toy poodle presented with abnormal gait. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a demarcated intradural extramedullary mass at the dorsal medulla oblongata, which was surgically removed. Histopathologically, a well-demarcated tumor was composed of small nests of meningothelial neoplastic cells separated by abundant fibrovascular tissue. The nuclei of neoplastic cells were often eccentric due to eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for E-cadherin and vimentin, and endothelial cells were positive for CD31, von Willebrand factor, and vimentin. The cytoplasmic inclusion bodies of the neoplastic cells were E-cadherin-positive and, by electron microscopy, composed of folded membrane-like structures. The tumor was diagnosed as an angiomatous meningioma with cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which were likely cell membranes containing E-cadherin.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1518-1522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular choristoma with heterogeneous mesenchymal differentiation and concurrent anterior segment dysgenesis in a neonatal Holstein calf.","authors":"Kanoko Takeuchi, Kotoko Fukuyo, Tomoyuki Yamate, Yuto Sano","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0293","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 1-day-old Holstein calf presented with central corneal opacity and thickening, and a polypoid lesion in the medial canthus of the left eye, leading to vision loss and enucleation. Grossly, a mass extended from beneath the cornea to the medial intraocular region. Histologically, the mass was composed of proliferative foci of diverse mesenchymal elements, including mature cartilage and adipose tissue, immature cartilage and bone, and proliferating spindle-shaped cells in a myxoid stroma. Anterior segment abnormalities, including iris hypoplasia, iridocorneal adhesion, angle malformation, and lens anomalies, were also observed. The animal was diagnosed with an ocular choristoma with heterogeneous mesenchymal differentiation and anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of choristoma with ASD in cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1507-1511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified access-establishing technique for balloon dilation in cats with severe nasopharyngeal stenosis.","authors":"Yoshikazu Yasuda, Takafumi Ohshima, Haruyoshi Tetsu, Aki Fujiwara-Igarashi","doi":"10.1292/jvms.26-0082","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.26-0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) is a common upper airway disorder in cats, and balloon dilation (BD) is considered the least invasive treatment. However, advancing a BD catheter can be challenging in cases of severe or imperforate NPS. This technical note describes a simple access-establishing technique that enables BD in such cases. Six cats with NPS in which BD catheter passage was difficult underwent a modified procedure in which a 6-Fr tube was advanced transnasally and connected to an 8-Fr tube, enabling successful BD catheter placement in the nasopharynx. Dilation was confirmed via endoscopy, and all cases showed clinical improvement. No complications were directly attributable to the access technique. This method may facilitate BD in severe feline NPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1565-1568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}