Learning & Behavior最新文献_第6页

Bee reasonable: Do bumblebees reason by exclusion? 蜜蜂是理性的：大黄蜂是通过排斥来推理的吗？

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00661-0

Donna Kean, Alex H Taylor

引用次数: 0

Do marmosets really have names? 狨猴真的有名字吗？

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00662-z

Kelly Jaakkola

引用次数: 0

Rats show up to 72 h of significant retention for spatial memory in the radial maze. 大鼠在径向迷宫中的空间记忆保持时间长达 72 小时。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00633-4

Chiaki Tanaka, Tohru Taniuchi

{"title":"Rats show up to 72 h of significant retention for spatial memory in the radial maze.","authors":"Chiaki Tanaka, Tohru Taniuchi","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00633-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13420-024-00633-4","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored long-term retention of spatial memory in rats using an eight-arm radial maze. Crystal and Babb (Learning and motivation, 39(4), 278-284, 2008) previously demonstrated that rats could retain spatial memory for up to 25 h in the radial maze. Notably, they found performance improved with 48-h intertrial intervals compared with 24-h intervals. Our study investigated the effects of extending intertrial intervals on long-term retention of spatial memory by reducing the potential for proactive interference. Each trial comprised a learning phase, during which subjects were required to sequentially visit four randomly selected arms, followed by a free-choice test that included all eight arms, conducted after increasing the retention and intertrial intervals. The retention intervals were systematically increased from 1 h to 24, 48, and, ultimately, 72 h, with corresponding intertrial intervals expanding from 24 to 48, 120, and 144 h. Performance significantly surpassed chance levels across all conditions, demonstrating that rats are capable of retaining spatial memory for up to 72 h.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"330-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11628574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Octopus toss-up: Is debris throwing driven by intent? 章鱼扔垃圾:扔垃圾是有目的的吗?

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00611-2

Alexandra K Schnell

引用次数: 0

Disentangling the evolution of cognition: Learning in Cnidaria. 解析认知的进化：蛇尾目动物的学习

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00621-0

Jose Prados

引用次数: 0

Serial pattern learning: The anticipation of worsening conditions by pigeons. 连续模式学习：鸽子对恶化条件的预期。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00628-1

Thomas R Zentall, Daniel N Peng

{"title":"Serial pattern learning: The anticipation of worsening conditions by pigeons.","authors":"Thomas R Zentall, Daniel N Peng","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00628-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13420-024-00628-1","url":null,"abstract":"In general, animals are known to be sensitive to the immediacy of reinforcers. That is, they are generally impulsive and outcomes that occur in the future are generally heavily discounted. Furthermore, they should prefer alternatives that provide reinforcers that require less rather than greater effort to obtain. In the present research, pigeons were given a choice between (1) obtaining reinforcers on a progressively more difficult schedule of reinforcement; starting with four pecks, then eight pecks, then 16 pecks, then 32 pecks, and finally 64 pecks on each trial, and (2) a color signaling a number of pecks for a single reinforcer: red = six, green = 11, blue = 23, or yellow = 45. If pigeons choose optimally, most of the time they should choose the progressive schedule to obtain five reinforcers rather than switch to a color to receive only one. However, if they are sensitive primarily to the number of pecks to the next reinforcer, they should choose the progressive schedule once before switching to red, twice before switching to green, three times before switching to blue, and four times before switching to yellow. Instead, they systematically switched too early. Rather than choose based on the rate of reinforcement or even based on the time or effort to the next reinforcer, they appear to anticipate that the progressive schedule is going to get more difficult, and they base their choice suboptimally on the serial pattern of the worsening progressive schedule.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"296-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential effect of training impure tacts versus pure tacts plus intraverbal on the emergence of new verbal operants: A conceptual and methodological study. 训练不纯触觉与纯触觉加内部言语对出现新言语操作的不同影响：概念和方法研究。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00636-1

Miguel A Maldonado, José Andrés Lorca-Marín, María Sheila Velo-Ramírez, Francisco J Alós

{"title":"Differential effect of training impure tacts versus pure tacts plus intraverbal on the emergence of new verbal operants: A conceptual and methodological study.","authors":"Miguel A Maldonado, José Andrés Lorca-Marín, María Sheila Velo-Ramírez, Francisco J Alós","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00636-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13420-024-00636-1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to test the effect of training impure tact versus pure tact and intraverbals on the emergence of new verbal operants (impure tacts), thus establishing a conceptual and methodological differentiation on these operants. This was done by varying the training order of intraverbal or impure tact to analyze and confirm whether or not impure tact is the mere sum of pure tact plus intraverbal and therefore has different functions and consequences in learning. An experiment was conducted with 30 participants randomly assigned to three groups. In Group 1, pure tact plus intraverbal and then impure tact were trained. In Group 3 the training order of these operants was counterbalanced. Group 2 was the control group, training only pure tact plus intraverbal. After the training phases, the emergence of impure tacts was tested. The results of this research indicate that the training of impure tacts favors the emergence of new impure tacts to a greater extent than the training of pure tact plus intraverbal and that they therefore have different functions. It is also shown that variation in the order of presentation of the type of training influences the subsequent emergence of new operants (impure tacts), so that creating a previous history of learning in impure tacts favors emergence even when the intraverbal alone is subsequently trained. This has important implications at both conceptual and methodological levels as it would contribute to the development of more effective language training technologies.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"339-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11628571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple cache recovery task cannot determine memory mechanisms. 多个缓存恢复任务无法确定内存机制。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00616-x

Vladimir V Pravosudov

引用次数: 0

Going back to "basics": Harlow's learning set task with wolves and dogs. 回到 "基础"：哈洛与狼和狗的学习任务。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00631-6

Dániel Rivas-Blanco, Tiago Monteiro, Zsófia Virányi, Friederike Range

{"title":"Going back to \"basics\": Harlow's learning set task with wolves and dogs.","authors":"Dániel Rivas-Blanco, Tiago Monteiro, Zsófia Virányi, Friederike Range","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00631-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13420-024-00631-6","url":null,"abstract":"To survive and reproduce, animals need to behave adaptively by adjusting their behavior to their environment, with learning facilitating some of these processes. Dogs have become a go-to model species in comparative cognition studies, making our understanding of their learning skills paramount at multiple levels, not only with regards to basic research on their cognitive skills and the effects of domestication, but also with applied purposes such as training. In order to tackle these issues, we tested similarly raised wolves and dogs in a serial learning task inspired by Harlow's \"learning set.\" In Phase 1, different pairs of objects were presented to the animals, one of which was baited while the other was not. Both species' performance gradually improved with each new set of objects, showing that they \"learnt to learn,\" but no differences were found between the species in their learning speed. In Phase 2, once subjects had learned the association between one of the objects and the food reward, the contingencies were reversed and the previously unrewarded object of the same pair was now rewarded. Dogs' performance in this task seemed to be better than wolves', albeit only when considering just the first session of each reversal, suggesting that the dogs might be more flexible than wolves. Further research (possibly with the aid of refined methods such as computer-based tasks) would help ascertain whether these differences between wolves and dogs are persistent across different learning tasks.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"315-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11628440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why might animals remember? A functional framework for episodic memory research in comparative psychology 动物为什么会记忆？比较心理学中外显记忆研究的功能框架

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00645-0

Alexandria Boyle, Simon A. B. Brown

{"title":"Why might animals remember? A functional framework for episodic memory research in comparative psychology","authors":"Alexandria Boyle, Simon A. B. Brown","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00645-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13420-024-00645-0","url":null,"abstract":"One of Clayton’s major contributions to our understanding of animal minds has been her work on episodic-like memory. A central reason for the success of this work was its focus on ecological validity: rather than looking for episodic memory for arbitrary stimuli in artificial contexts, focussing on contexts in which episodic memory would serve a biological function such as food caching. This review aims to deepen this insight by surveying the numerous functions that have been proposed for episodic memory, articulating a philosophically grounded framework for understanding what exactly functions are, and drawing on these to make suggestions for future directions in the comparative cognitive psychology of episodic memory. Our review suggests four key insights. First, episodic memory may have more than one function and may have different functions in different species. Second, cross-disciplinary work is key to developing a functional account of episodic memory. Third, there is scope for further theoretical elaboration of proposals relating episodic memory to food caching and, in particular, future-oriented cognition. Finally, learning-related functions suggested by AI (artificial intelligence)-based models are a fruitful avenue for future behavioural research.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0