Learning & Behavior最新文献_第6页

Are crows smart? Let them count the ways. 乌鸦聪明吗？让它们数数吧。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00656-x

Melissa Johnston, Damian Scarf

引用次数: 0

Why might animals remember? A functional framework for episodic memory research in comparative psychology 动物为什么会记忆？比较心理学中外显记忆研究的功能框架

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00645-0

Alexandria Boyle, Simon A. B. Brown

{"title":"Why might animals remember? A functional framework for episodic memory research in comparative psychology","authors":"Alexandria Boyle, Simon A. B. Brown","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00645-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13420-024-00645-0","url":null,"abstract":"One of Clayton’s major contributions to our understanding of animal minds has been her work on episodic-like memory. A central reason for the success of this work was its focus on ecological validity: rather than looking for episodic memory for arbitrary stimuli in artificial contexts, focussing on contexts in which episodic memory would serve a biological function such as food caching. This review aims to deepen this insight by surveying the numerous functions that have been proposed for episodic memory, articulating a philosophically grounded framework for understanding what exactly functions are, and drawing on these to make suggestions for future directions in the comparative cognitive psychology of episodic memory. Our review suggests four key insights. First, episodic memory may have more than one function and may have different functions in different species. Second, cross-disciplinary work is key to developing a functional account of episodic memory. Third, there is scope for further theoretical elaboration of proposals relating episodic memory to food caching and, in particular, future-oriented cognition. Finally, learning-related functions suggested by AI (artificial intelligence)-based models are a fruitful avenue for future behavioural research.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sexual selection for single song repertoires 单一曲目的性选择

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00641-4

Buddhamas Pralle Kriengwatana

引用次数: 0

Measuring spontaneous episodic future thinking in children: Challenges and opportunities 测量儿童的自发偶发未来思维：挑战与机遇

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00644-1

Pham Q. A., Gladys Ayson, Cristina M. Atance, Tashauna L. Blankenship

{"title":"Measuring spontaneous episodic future thinking in children: Challenges and opportunities","authors":"Pham Q. A., Gladys Ayson, Cristina M. Atance, Tashauna L. Blankenship","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00644-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13420-024-00644-1","url":null,"abstract":"The “Spoon task” is a common measure of episodic future thinking (i.e., ability to imagine hypothetical future events) in children. However, by providing items and prompting children to choose one, this task might not require deliberate and goal-driven episodic future thinking. In contrast, “spontaneous” Spoon tasks may better reflect Tulving’s original conception as they minimize environmental cues and verbal prompts. We identify challenges in designing such tasks, including removing the scaffolded intention to act and giving children permission and sufficient motivation to act. Drawing on the comparative literature, we propose methods to overcome these obstacles when designing spontaneous Spoon tasks. Furthermore, sampling from the work of Clayton and colleagues, we advocate for a multipronged approach including two or more of the following methods in order to capture spontaneous behavior: naturalistic observation, virtually administered tasks within the child’s home, laboratory experiments, and questionnaires. Our review highlights the importance of spontaneous episodic future thinking and establishes a foundation for future methodologies to study this complex cognitive process.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Goal-directed bodily signals in birds and frogs 鸟类和青蛙的目标定向身体信号

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00640-5

Kirsty E. Graham

引用次数: 0

No evidence of real-world equivalence in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) categorizing visually diverse images of natural stimuli presented on LCD monitors. 没有证据表明鸡（Gallus gallus domesticus）在对液晶显示器上呈现的自然刺激物的视觉多样性图像进行分类时具有真实世界等效性。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-024-00623-6

Jad Nasrini, Robert R Hampton

{"title":"No evidence of real-world equivalence in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) categorizing visually diverse images of natural stimuli presented on LCD monitors.","authors":"Jad Nasrini, Robert R Hampton","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00623-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13420-024-00623-6","url":null,"abstract":"Category learning is often tested with similar images that have no significance outside of the experiment for the subjects. By contrast, in nature animals often need to generalize a behavioral response like \"eat\" across visually distinct stimuli, such as spiders and seeds. Forming functional categories like \"food\" and \"predator\" may require conceptual rather than purely perceptual generalization. We trained free-range chickens to classify images assigned to one of four categories based on putative functional significance: inanimate objects, predators, food, and non-competing vertebrates. Images were visually diverse within each category, discouraging classification by perceptual similarity alone. In Experiment 1, chickens classified 80 images into four categories. Chickens then generalized to 80 new exemplars in each of three successive generalization tests. In Experiment 2, chickens saw new types of images to test whether their generalization was perceptual or functional. For example, chickens saw images of skunks for the predator category after training with images of hawks and snakes. Chickens used the \"predator\" response with these new images for both predators and non-threatening vertebrates, but not for objects or food, and did not successfully generalize any category other than predator. In Experiment 3, chickens categorized fractals as \"food,\" and three of four chickens categorized a range of vertebrates they had not previously encountered as \"predators,\" suggesting that chickens did not see the images as representing real world objects and animals. These results highlight constraints on the use of computer-generated images to assess categorization of natural stimuli in chickens.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11266530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Cooooooommmmmmmeeeeeeeee heeeerrrrrreeeee . . . . Momma dolphin has something to say". "咕咚咕咚.......海豚妈妈有话要说"。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00602-3

Heather M Manitzas Hill

引用次数: 0

Place-cell coding in flying birds. 在飞行的鸟类中放置细胞编码。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00599-9

Mélanie F Guigueno

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms and rules of social learning in crickets. 蟋蟀社会学习的机制和规则

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00597-x

Yuan Lai, Isabelle Massou, Martin Giurfa

引用次数: 0

Extinction in multiple contexts reduces the return of extinguished responses: A multilevel meta-analysis. 多种情境下的消失减少了消失反应的回归:一项多层次荟萃分析。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-023-00609-w

Javier Bustamante, Marcela Soto, Gonzalo Miguez, Vanetza E Quezada-Scholz, Rocío Angulo, Mario A Laborda

{"title":"Extinction in multiple contexts reduces the return of extinguished responses: A multilevel meta-analysis.","authors":"Javier Bustamante, Marcela Soto, Gonzalo Miguez, Vanetza E Quezada-Scholz, Rocío Angulo, Mario A Laborda","doi":"10.3758/s13420-023-00609-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13420-023-00609-w","url":null,"abstract":"Extinguished responses have been shown to reappear under several circumstances, and this reappearance is considered to model behaviors such as relapse after exposure therapy. Conducting extinction in multiple contexts has been explored as a technique to decrease the recovery of extinguished responses. The present meta-analysis aimed to examine whether extinction in multiple contexts can consistently reduce the recovery of extinguished responses. After searching in several databases, experiments were included in the analysis if they presented extinction in multiple contexts, an experimental design, and an adequate statistical report. Cohen's d was obtained for each critical comparison and weighted to obtain the sample's average weighted effect size. Analyses were then performed using a multilevel meta-analytic approach. Twenty-five studies were included, with a total sample of 37 experiments or critical comparisons. The analyses showed a large effect size for the sample, moderated by the length of conditioned stimulus exposure, type of experimental subject, and type of recovery. The robust effect of extinction in multiple contexts on relapse should encourage clinicians to consider extinction in multiple contexts as a useful technique in therapy and research.","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"209-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0