Medical Engineering & Physics最新文献

{"title":"From anomaly scores to biomechanical decision support: an evidential audit in rehabilitation motion analysis.","authors":"Georgios Bouchouras, Georgios Sofianidis, Evangelos Kontaxakis","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9d82","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9d82","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rehabilitation motion analysis often uses anomaly scores to flag trials that differ from typical movement. The practical problem is that a high score can reflect compensation, personal style, one poor repetition, or sensor noise. This study asked whether an unusual pattern in one task is repeated when the same person performs another task, in order to decide whether that anomaly should be prioritized for meaningful biomechanical review. We analyzed 2589 trials from a public Kinect rehabilitation dataset with five task contexts. First, each task was scored against its own reference: chair trials against other chair trials, stand trials against other stand trials, and so on. We then focused on the 11 participants who had both chair and stand recordings. The audit asked whether the same type of unusual movement appeared in both tasks for the same person more strongly than it did after randomly pairing different people. Using only average trunk movement, the audit did not find chair-stand anomalies that deserved closer interpretation. When the analysis kept where in the body the unusual movement occurred, through body regions, joints, or simple biomechanical measures, it identified stronger candidates for meaningful biomechanical review. A second public rehabilitation dataset was used as an external check. It showed that the audit could detect repeated anomalies when the same task was repeated, while accepting cross-task support only selectively rather than automatically. The practical value is to help decide whether a trial identified as anomalous has enough repeated evidence to justify explanation, or should be documented without explanation until more evidence is available.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A representative mechanistic model of multisolute transport in low-flow hollow-fiber dialyzers for wearable artificial kidney-oriented design.","authors":"Jun Zhang, Haonan Zheng, Hongtao Zhang, Fengmin Shao, Xiaobo Rao","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9c3f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9c3f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To support the analysis of compact hollow-fiber dialyzers operated under low-flow conditions relevant to wearable artificial kidney development, a mechanistic model of multisolute transport was developed. Unlike conventional homogeneous-membrane descriptions, the dialysis membrane was represented as a three-layer asymmetric porous structure. Within a continuum framework, pore-scale hindered diffusion, ultrafiltration-driven convection, and transmembrane hydraulics were coupled to describe diffusion-convection transport under low-flow conditions. Comparisons with manufacturer-style<i>in vitro</i>clearance data from commercial low-flow dialyzers showed that the model captured the main clearance trends of representative solutes under selected operating conditions. Apparent resistance decomposition further suggested that, under the baseline condition and the present resistance definition, the apparent blood-side boundary-layer fraction increased with solute size, whereas the apparent intramembrane fraction decreased. Parametric analyses were further conducted to examine the effects of selected operating and geometric factors in this model. The proposed framework may support preliminary numerical screening and mechanistic interpretation of compact dialysis-module concepts under wearable artificial kidney-relevant low-flow conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between center of pressure parameters and self-reported factors in osteoarthritis across age and BMI: a cross-sectional study in East Azerbaijan, Iran.","authors":"Saeideh Ehsani, Mahmood-Reza Azghani, Samin Asghari Oskuie","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae8a55","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae8a55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease, especially in older adults, affecting postural stability and center of pressure (COP) behavior. These biomechanical parameters may vary by age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to explore the relationship between COP features and these individual factors, along with self-reported pain and function, in people with KOA. From a cohort of 4355 individuals in East Azerbaijan, 333 self-reported a physician diagnosis of KOA. After excluding cases with comorbidities, 75 participants were included. Pain and function were assessed using the WOMAC and visual analog scale (VAS), while COP metrics were collected using a PT-Scan® pressure platform. One-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation were used for analysis. Age demonstrated positive relationships with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) subscales in men (Pain LSD = 341.16,<i>p</i>< 0.001; Total LSD = 2333.69,<i>p</i>< 0.001 and Functional LSD = 1391.6,<i>p</i>< 0.001). In women, age showed positive effects on WOMAC Total (LSD = 60.00;<i>p</i>< 0.05). BMI showed negative effects on WOMAC Stiffness in both genders (Men LSD = 125,<i>p</i>< 0.001; Women LSD = 150,<i>p</i>< 0.001). In examining the relationship between the characteristics of the COP and age in women, a significant relationship was seen between age and a number of characteristics of the COP, including anterior-posterior range (AP-Range-R), mediolateral range (ML-Range-L), and the area of the confidence circle (AREA_CC_L). Examining the correlation between the characteristics of pain and the COP, a significant negative correlation was found between VAS and the characteristic of the COP (fractal dimension (FD_CE_L)). In women. These results highlight the need for age- and gender-specific approaches in evaluating balance and function in KOA.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-structure interaction analysis of leaflet-annulus geometric mismatch under progressive annular dilation: a parametric study using a pediatric aortic geometry.","authors":"Jing Wang, Yunfei Wang, Sivakumar Sivalingam, Yih Miin Liew, Muhammad Yusoff Mohd Ramdzan, Norazah Zahari, Ming Chern Leong, Xiao Yun Xu, Einly Lim","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9d18","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9d18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In pediatric patients, progressive annular growth can lead to geometric mismatch between the fixed-size aortic valve leaflets and the expanding aortic root, which may alter valve biomechanics and accelerate structural deterioration. This study employed a parametric fluid-structure interaction approach to investigate the effects of leaflet-annulus geometric mismatch under annular dilation. An idealized trileaflet valve model was integrated with a pediatric aortic geometry reconstructed from computed tomography images of a 7 year-old male patient. Five annular diameters (18-26 mm) were simulated with constant leaflet centerline length, and their impact on valve hemodynamics and structural mechanics was quantified. The results showed that as the annular diameter (<i>D</i>_a) increased, the geometric orifice area to inlet area ratio and coaptation height (<i>h</i>_c) progressively decreased, accompanied by a reduction in the high-velocity region within the aortic sinus and ascending aorta. In the 26 mm model, the peak first principal stress reached approximately 1249 kPa at the commissures, and the oscillation amplitude of the free margin mid-point reached 5.6 mm, persisting for approximately 0.2 s, indicating impaired dynamic stability under diastolic loading. This parametric study highlights the biomechanical consequences of leaflet-annulus geometric mismatch and provides mechanistic insights that may inform future valve sizing and postoperative management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainty quantification and global sensitivity analysis of a patient-specific mandibular finite element model using Latin hypercube sampling and sparse polynomial chaos expansion.","authors":"Lilian Baugnon, Romain Nicot, Nicolas Bethune, Pauline Lecomte-Grosbras, Jean-François Witz, Jean-Baptiste Colliat, Olivier Mayeur","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae995b","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae995b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most mandibular finite element models are deterministic and overlook the influence of biological and modeling variability. This study proposes an automated, uncertainty-aware computational workflow for a patient-specific mandibular FE model using Latin Hypercube Sampling and sparse Polynomial chaos expansion. We investigated 24 input parameters related to masticatory muscle loading, material properties, and geometric discretization over 2400 simulations. Global and regional sensitivity analyses were performed using both Spearman rank correlations and variance-based Sobol indices to identify the primary drivers of von Mises stress. Within this modeling framework, muscle force magnitudes and articular disc stiffness are the dominant sources of stress variability, whereas high-resolution bone property classification had a negligible influence within the explored ranges. Statistical convergence analysis demonstrated that contact-sensitive condylar regions require significantly larger sample sizes (<i>N</i>> 2000) for stable sensitivity estimates compared to global metrics. This methodological benchmark identifies critical modeling parameters and provides a scalable pipeline for future patient-specific biomechanical studies and cohort-level simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid personalized computational modeling of the wrist.","authors":"Thor E Andreassen, Taylor P Trentadue, Andrew R Thoreson, Kai-Nan An, Sanjeev Kakar, Kristin D Zhao","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae8542","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae8542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computational modeling may help to develop new treatments for hand and wrist injuries, but at present, few models exist, as the time and expertise required is considerable. Moreover, most models do not allow for variation of material properties. We have developed an automated workflow combining morphing with algorithmic techniques to create personalized finite element models. Using this workflow, three personalized models were created from our existing four-dimensional computed tomography data. These were then used to demonstrate the usefulness of these models to investigate clinical questions, namely calibration of ligament properties to participant-obtained kinematics, and Monte Carlo analysis of the impacts of ligament injury on joint contact pressure, as an analogue for joint injury that may lead to osteoarthritis. New models can be created in 2 h and individual simulations performed in 45 s. This work enables future patient-specific modeling. Lastly, to encourage reproducibility, we have made the data, models, and code publicly available online.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of piston groove structure on the fluid dynamics of needle-free jet injectors.","authors":"Hongqiang Xiong, Wei Feng, Simin Zhou, Hua Wen","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae93b5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae93b5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compared with conventional needle-based injections, needle-free injections offer several advantages, including ease of operation and elimination of accidental needlestick injury. To investigate the influence of piston structure on the performance of a needle-free injection system, this study combined experiments with fluid-structure interaction numerical simulations to systematically examine the effects of groove length (<i>L</i>), groove height (<i>H</i>), and the spacing (<i>L</i>₀) between the two grooves on jet performance and piston stress. The results showed that during the initial stage of needle-free injection, both the stagnation pressure and jet velocity exhibited pronounced oscillatory behavior, and the driving structure played a significant role in modulating this oscillation pattern. For the single-groove piston, as the groove volume increased from<i>L</i>= 0 mm,<i>H</i>= 0 mm to<i>L</i>= 3 mm,<i>H</i>= 0.13 mm, the peak stagnation pressure increased by 22.3%, whereas the maximum von Mises stress in the piston rose from 0.53 MPa to 7.21 MPa. Based on the optimal single-groove configuration, the groove was further divided into a dual-groove structure with identical groove length and height. The results indicated that, as the dual-groove spacing<i>L</i>₀increased from 0 to 1.5 mm, the maximum von Mises stress first rose sharply to a peak, then decreased to approximately 3 MPa at<i>L</i>₀= 0.25 mm, and remained nearly stable for<i>L</i>₀> 0.25 mm. Meanwhile, the peak stagnation pressure gradually decreased with increasing groove spacing. Considering the combined variation in peak stagnation pressure and structural stress,<i>L</i>₀= 0.25 mm was identified as the optimal groove spacing. Compared with the optimal single-groove structure, the corresponding dual-groove configuration resulted in a reduction of less than 1% in peak stagnation pressure, while reducing the maximum von Mises stress by 58.4%.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error distribution and post hoc disturbance features in IMU-based hip joint angle estimation during complex movements.","authors":"Jin-An Dong, Ziming Chen, Dejin Yang, Xiangyun Yin, Yu Guo, Jianxin Liu","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae947c","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae947c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing evaluations of IMU-based joint angle estimation mainly rely on global accuracy metrics, which may obscure local error exposure during complex functional movements. This study analyzed data from 16 healthy male participants in the Hip-ROM-Y dataset. Using leave-one-subject-out outputs from a unified left hip joint predictor, we characterized left hip angle estimation errors by movement category, normalized movement phase, and high-error segment. The relationship between error distribution and post hoc disturbance features was further examined. The results showed that, under the current model and data conditions, complex movements (CMs) generally produced higher errors than basic movements. However, the increase in error was not uniformly distributed, but was mainly concentrated in local mid-phase periods of several CMs and was accompanied by greater deviations in the relative relationship between the pelvis and thigh segment. These findings suggest that evaluations of hip angle estimation under similar wearable configurations should pay attention to local error distributions during CMs and to the stability of the pelvis-thigh segment relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, control and medical effects of hand support exoskeletons: a survey of recent works.","authors":"Yuan Zhou","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9292","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae9292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hand exoskeletons have emerged over the past two decades as promising tools to restore or augment hand function in individuals with neurological injury and to support users in daily activities. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent developments in wearable hand exoskeletons. First, key design considerations of hand exoskeletons are investigated, including primary design parameters, actuation and power transmission schemes, and factors related to safety and fit. From a perspective of device control, existing strategies are reviewed according to rehabilitation stages, controller characteristics and feature quantities. Then, functional and clinical evidence was interpreted as engineering or mechanistic validation, functional assistive evidence, or clinically relevant outcomes. Clinically relevant outcomes showed the highest favourable proportion (83%, 19/23 domain-level observations), followed by functional assistive evidence (79%, 22/28) and engineering or mechanistic validation (73%, 11/15), suggesting a broadly positive direction of evidence. Current studies most consistently support short-term functional assistance and task-capacity enhancement, whereas training-related clinical benefits remain promising but limited by small samples, heterogeneous populations and devices, variable training dose, co-interventions, and limited follow-up. The design-control-outcome synthesis suggests that lightweight, low-impedance, well-aligned, and safe architectures, together with intention-aware or adaptive control, may improve usability, engagement, and personalisation, although their independent clinical contribution remains insufficiently isolated. Finally, existing problems of hand exoskeletons are discussed, and potential directions for future research are outlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A benchtop model for preliminary assessment of penile clamp effects on biofluid mechanical changes in male urinary incontinence.","authors":"Tanisa Goyal, Chin Hang Ryan Chan, Christina Liu, Connie Y Chen, Aadit Walia, Abdus Sabour Shaik, Angela J Sadlowski, Zhiyuan Ding, Ethan Y Wu, Constanza Miranda, Andrew J Cohen","doi":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae91ee","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1873-4030/ae91ee","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male stress urinary incontinence (SUI), the involuntary leakage of urine due to physical exertion, is commonly managed by penile clamps. However, there is currently no methodology to quantify how effectively penile clamps prevent urine leakage while preserving blood flow without relying on patient-dependent studies. Our benchtop model provides a controlled, reproducible framework for comparing penile clamp performance under simplified physiological conditions, offering comparative data on clamp efficacy. Force applied by the clamps was determined via a load cell to estimate contact stress. Separately, penile clamps were applied to foam cylinders with channels simulating the urethra and dorsal vein. The following penile clamps were used: The Cunningham Clamp, The Pacey Cuff, The Lunderg Freedom Clamp, and The Squeezer Klip. The foam-based penis model allowed us to assess urine and blood flow inhibition post-clamp application. The channels were both lined with identical latex tubing to standardize compliant wall properties given inter-individual variability in dimensions of the dorsal vein and urethra. To account for variable penile tissue resistances, low-stiffness (Foam 6) and high-stiffness (Foam 17) foams were tested. Average urine flow rates achieved in Foam 6 and 17 were within physiological range for average SUI patients (9.72 ml s^-1and 9.06 ml s^-1respectively), and a blood pressure of 51.8 mmHg was achieved using a blood substitute with viscosity of 3.7 cP. In Foam 6, no clamps caused more than 10% blood flow inhibition. However, in Foam 17, there were significantly higher levels of blood flow inhibition across almost all clamps and their settings, most notably with the Lunderg Freedom Clamp (approx. 60%). Overall, clamp efficacy was more dependent on pressure distribution via each clamp's design rather than absolute contact stress. Results were consistent with patient reviews, and mechanisms of the clamp itself, suggesting reliability and validity of the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}