Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Implementing patient-reported outcome measures: A scoping review of existing guidance across clinical trials, practice and registries","authors":"Randi Thisakya Jayasinghe ,&nbsp;Susannah Ahern ,&nbsp;Ashika D. Maharaj ,&nbsp;Lorena Romero ,&nbsp;Rasa Ruseckaite","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To identify existing guiding documents such as guidelines, frameworks, checklists and recommendations on implementing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in clinical trials, clinical practice and clinical registries.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Scoping Review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature search of five scientific databases was conducted from database inception to June 2024. Google Scholar and grey literature sites were searched to identify relevant guiding documents. Existing documentation, including guidelines, frameworks, checklists, and recommendations for implementing PROMs in clinical trials, practice, and clinical registries, was included. A narrative synthesis of selected publications was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 4905 records were identified and assessed for eligibility, and 177 publications underwent full-text screening, resulting in 38 guiding documents in this review. Of the 38, 18 (47 %) were guiding documents for PROMs use in clinical trials, 12 (32 %) in clinical practice, and eight (21 %) in clinical registries. Most guidelines and recommendations were on PROMs implementation in clinical trials and clinical practice, with only a few recommendations published for clinical registries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review mostly identified guiding documents for implementing PROMs in clinical trials and practice. There is a gap in the literature regarding guidelines for implementing PROMs in clinical registries. Given the growing recognition of clinical registries and PROMs data for healthcare quality improvement and patient-centred care, an evidence-based standard guideline to implement PROMs in clinical registries efficiently will be beneficial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the anti-vaccination threat to public health","authors":"Andrew CK. Lee ,&nbsp;Michael Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146108032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary diversity score and associated factors among high school adolescent girls in Galkaio town, Puntland, Somalia, 2023","authors":"Mohyadin Abdullahi Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hassan Isse ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohammed Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mohamud Yusuf","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the dietary diversity score and associated factors among high school adolescent girls in Galkaio, Puntland, Somalia, 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>An institution-based cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted among high school adolescent girls in Galkaio, Puntland, Somalia, in 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. For data entry and analysis, the Epi-Data 3.1.0 version and SPSS version 23 were used, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions analyses were computed to identify factors associated with dietary diversity score. Variables with a p-value &lt;0.25 on bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariate logistic regression. Results were claimed to be statistically significant when the p-value was less than 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this study, a total of 580 high school adolescent girls participated with a response rate of 96.5 %. The overall proportion of low dietary diversity scores was 55.3 % (95 % CI: 51.2, 59.3). Maternal education [AOR = 2.122 (95 % CI: (1.147, 3.924)], parental occupation [AOR = 5.816 (95 %: CI: 3.308, 10.224)], low wealth index [AOR = 1.682 (95 % CI: 1.040, 2.720)], eating less than three times per day [AOR = 4.338 (95 % CI: 2.253, 8.352)], eating outside the home [AOR = 1.820 (95 % CI: (1.205, 2.750)] and not getting nutritional education [AOR = 2.359 (95 % CI: 1.550, 3.6)] were associated with a low dietary diversity score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of this study indicated that more than half of the high school adolescent girls in Galkaio had a low dietary diversity score which requires policy attention. Maternal education, father's occupation, wealth index, meal frequency, eating outside the home and nutritional education were significantly associated with the low dietary diversity score.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 outcomes among individuals with substance use disorders","authors":"Chun-Pin Esther Chang ,&nbsp;Daniel Knox ,&nbsp;Zhe David Yu ,&nbsp;Kimberley Shoaf ,&nbsp;Sharon L. Talboys ,&nbsp;Mia Hashibe","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Individuals with substance use disorders may be more susceptible to COVID-19 outcomes due to damage in their immune, pulmonary and respiratory systems. The aim of our study is to investigate COVID-19 outcomes among individuals with a history of substance use disorders compared to individuals without substance use disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This study was a population-based cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the Utah Population Database, individuals with substance use disorder history (2015–2020; n = 227,277) were individually matched by age and sex to individuals without substance use disorders (n = 227,277). COVID-19 outcomes from 2020 to 2023 were assessed with conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with substance use disorders had higher odds of hospitalization (OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 2.78–3.02), ICU admission (OR: 2.92, 95% CI: 2.72–3.13), all-cause death (OR: 2.94, 95 % CI: 2.81–3.08), and COVID-19-specific death (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.14–1.57). The ORs for COVID-19 outcomes were similar for individuals with alcohol use disorders and opioid use disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>COVID-19 outcomes were strongly associated with substance use disorders, highlighting the need for targeted health strategies for individuals with substance use disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the factors influencing peer-recommended HIV testing in men who have sex with men (MSM): A qualitative study based on the theory of planned behavior","authors":"Mengnan Tan ,&nbsp;Jing Ma ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Jiang ,&nbsp;Mei Chen ,&nbsp;Donghang Luo ,&nbsp;Yanchao Qiu ,&nbsp;Ce Jia ,&nbsp;Jie Xu ,&nbsp;Fan Lyu ,&nbsp;Chu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study explored the factors influencing peer-recommended HIV testing in men who have sex with men (MSM), using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), to inform strategies that promote peer engagement in HIV testing.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Qualitative study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited MSM participants through the Tongxing Community-based Organization (CBO) in Shijiazhuang City in September 2024. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a TPB-based guide, and thematic analysis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-four MSM were interviewed (median age = 34.5 years; Q1- Q3: 23–43.5). Most were college-educated, unmarried, and employed. Nineteen (79.2 %) expressed willingness to recommend HIV testing to peers. Three key themes emerged: (1) Attitudes – Participants with positive attitudes generally viewed testing recommendation as a beneficial health practice, whereas negative attitudes reflected concerns about creating discomfort or imposing a social burden on peers. (2) Subjective Norms – Influencing factors included supportive peer environments, limited social networks, and the normative role of CBOs. (3) Perceived Behavioral Control – Facilitators included risk awareness, trust in CBOs, prior experience of being recommended for testing, and access to tools such as HIV self-test kits and social media platforms. Barriers included inadequate HIV testing promotion, privacy concerns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, this study uses the TPB to conceptualize peer-recommended HIV testing among Chinese MSM as a social behavior that combines pathway navigation and transfer of trust in services. The findings suggest that HIV testing promotion programs should more deliberately integrate peer recommendation into existing services by strengthening norms that frame “recommending testing as caring for peers” and by providing simple scripts and clear pathway information to support potential referrers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived effectiveness of cigarette warning labels in reducing household smoking: A mixed-methods study with Japanese smokers","authors":"Xinyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Tianshi Hao ,&nbsp;Jinghao Ma ,&nbsp;Changyi Wu ,&nbsp;Eiichiro Watamura","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the influence of warning-label content and smokers’ individual differences on perceived label effectiveness in the reduction of household smoking.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cross-sectional online questionnaire study conducted between June 28 and July 2, 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult Japanese smokers rated self- and family-oriented risk text warnings. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to test how warning content and individual characteristics could predict the perceived effectiveness in reducing overall and household smoking. Content analysis explored open-ended questions regarding reasons regarding smoking at home and attitudes toward warning labels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Responses from 170 participants were analyzed. Family- and self-oriented warnings were perceived to be similarly effective (B = −0.10, 95 % CI [-0.39, 0.19], p = .50). However, smokers with more cohabitants and those living in detached houses (vs. multi-unit housing) viewed warning labels as more effective in reducing overall smoking (B = 0.43, 95 % CI [0.07, 0.77], p = .02). Smokers who smoked more at home perceived the labels as less effective at controlling household smoking (B = −0.26, 95 % CI [-0.47, −0.04], p = .02). Content analysis showed that smoking at home was mainly attributed to stress relief, addiction, and designated smoking areas at home. Many smokers reported feeling nothing when seeing the labels. While some participants said that the labels made consider smoking cessation, some also stated that they believed the labels had no effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Japan, the residential environments of smokers shape how effectively they perceive warning labels. This calls for the tailoring of antismoking policies according to individual differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and mental health upon reentry: The importance of social contact in prison for wellbeing during reintegration","authors":"Chantal Fahmy ,&nbsp;Alexander Testa ,&nbsp;Travis J. Meyers","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Incarceration is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes that are exacerbated during the post-release period. Social contact with loved ones during imprisonment—such as in-person visits, phone calls, and written correspondence—may play a key role in mitigating the health consequences of incarceration and promoting health upon release. The current study assesses how social contact during incarceration may mitigate health issues during the reentry period.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>The study uses data from a sample of 475 men incarcerated in Texas prisons interviewed prior to release and again one month into the reentry period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ordered logistic regression models of in-prison social contact types (i.e., in-person visitation, sending/receiving mail, and making/receiving phone calls) and four groups of people (i.e., family members, friends, gang associates, and anyone else) who visited the incarcerated person in the last six months before prison release are utilized to predict self-reported physical health and mental health approximately four weeks post-release.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mostly consistent with our hypotheses, findings reveal that in-person visitation during incarceration is positively associated with better physical health following release (odds ratio [OR] = 1.61; 95 % Confidence Interval [CI] = [1.05, 2.47]). Additionally, a closer examination of the in-person visitation groups revealed that visits from family members, but not the other three groups (i.e., friends, gang members, or anyone else), were positively associated with better self-reported physical health (OR = 1.88; 95 % CI = [1.28, 2.75]) and mental health (OR = 1.64; 95 % CI = [1.14, 2.37]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results affirm and highlight the unique role of familial relationships in promoting wellbeing during reentry. To promote in-person visitation, correctional systems should consider efforts to overcome key barriers and stressors related to family visits. Identifying individuals who lacked positive visitation experiences could inform targeted wraparound practices that prioritize counseling around family reunification and social connections with loved ones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146004832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 stay-at-home orders impacts on suicide attempts among adolescents in the United States","authors":"Sarah Y.T. Hartzell ,&nbsp;Paul G. Devereux ,&nbsp;Marta Elliott ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Granner ,&nbsp;Minggen Lu ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Friedman","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Reducing social isolation is a public health priority. The implementation of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders increased social isolation and had detrimental psychiatric health impacts. The study's objective was to examine whether the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders impacted suicide attempts among U.S. adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Comparative interrupted time series.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We calculated predicted probabilities and marginal effects of the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on suicide attempts among adolescents. National claims data from the COVID-19 Research Database produced a study cohort of 374,524 unique adolescents in both the pre- (March 2019-January 2020) and post-pandemic periods (March–June 2020). The outcome of interest was suicide attempts, including intentional poisoning. Separate analyses compared states with shorter duration COVID-19 stay-at-home orders (March–May) and states with longer duration COVID-19 stay-at-home orders (three sub-groups were created for COVID-19 stay-at-home orders lasting March–June, March–May, and April–June).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the states with longer-duration COVID-19 stay-at-home orders lasting from March–June and April–June, post-stay-at-home orders slopes increased more than comparison states without COVID-19 stay-at-home orders (March–June: 0.00016; 95 % CI: 0.00001, 0.00031; April–June: 0.00067, 95 % CI: 0.00022, 0.00112). States with shorter-duration COVID-19 stay-at-home orders did not yield significant results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Longer-duration COVID-19 stay-at-home orders were associated with a small but significant increase in suicide attempts among adolescents. Mitigation strategies such as stakeholders creating and implementing school-based youth suicide prevention programs, and allocating more funding to text-based lines for those in suicidal crisis need to be implemented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application of social network analysis to examine COVID-19 contact tracing networks in a university setting","authors":"Kristin R.V. Harrington ,&nbsp;Samuel M. Jenness ,&nbsp;Meron Siira ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Rothschild ,&nbsp;Tracie Graham ,&nbsp;Sharon Rabinovitz ,&nbsp;Samuel Shartar ,&nbsp;Monica Crubezy ,&nbsp;David Clark ,&nbsp;Alexander Isakov ,&nbsp;Allison Chamberlain ,&nbsp;J Peter Cegielski ,&nbsp;Jason R. Andrews ,&nbsp;Lance A. Waller ,&nbsp;Sara C. Auld ,&nbsp;Neel R. Gandhi","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We reconstructed COVID-19 contact networks to examine individual characteristics and network structures that influenced transmission during the 2020–2021 hybrid-learning year at a US university.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used individual-level exposure histories collected through case investigation and contact tracing interviews during the Fall 2020 semester to construct contact tracing networks. We visualized networks and estimated global network statistics and secondary attack rates (SAR). We conducted a bias analysis on the impact of missing cases on these network statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the Fall 2020 semester, we identified 441 COVID-19 cases, 1121 close contacts, and 1206 links between individuals. Most cases were female (62 %), off-campus students (49 %), and symptomatic (82 %). Individuals had a mean of 2.9 direct contacts, and the maximum number of individuals separating any two persons in a network was 8. The overall SAR was 9.7 % (50/518). Contacts of symptomatic cases had a higher SAR compared to contacts of asymptomatic cases (11.8 % [42/356] vs. 4.9 % [8/162]; p = 0.015). Networks were minimally clustered with the greatest clustering observed in September. Bias analyses indicated that missingness in our observed network was unlikely to have been random or based upon symptomaticity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this assessment of COVID-19 contact network structure and transmission characteristics, we found minimal clustering, a low proportion of asymptomatic cases, and higher SAR among contacts of symptomatic cases. Symptomatic cases were unlikely to have been oversampled in our observed network. Our findings suggest that university campuses have unique transmission characteristics, even in the context of a hybrid learning environment in which social interactions may be attenuated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of community-based obesity prevention interventions on child and adolescent health-related quality of life: A pooled analysis of six Australian studies","authors":"Kaitlyn McKenna ,&nbsp;Melanie Nichols ,&nbsp;Claudia Strugnell ,&nbsp;Liliana Orellana ,&nbsp;Steven Allender ,&nbsp;Rachel Novotny ,&nbsp;Jane Jacobs ,&nbsp;Vicki Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine whether community-based obesity prevention interventions (CBOPIs) impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents compared to control condition, and whether there are differences according to gender, school level (primary or secondary), and/or socioeconomic position (SEP).</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Pooled analysis of data from six CBOPI studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from six Australian CBOPI studies conducted between 2005 and 2022 were harmonised. Studies were included if HRQoL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™). Multi-level mixed-effect models were used to analyse the impact of the interventions on mean overall, physical and psychosocial HRQoL scores. Adjustments were made for age, gender, area level SEP, study and study duration, and clustering at school and individual level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 20,837 observations of children aged 8–18 years were included. A trend of declining HRQoL was observed over time. Interventions were effective in slowing the decline in HRQoL in intervention compared to control groups for the psychosocial score overall (mean difference (md) = 0.97, p = 0.018), and for psychosocial (md = 2.15, p = 0.006) and total score (md = 1.84, p = 0.009) in primary school-aged children. A significant effect in slowing the decline in physical, psychosocial and total HRQoL in intervention group compared to control group was observed in schools in low SEP areas, but not in medium or high SEP areas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results suggest CBOPIs may slow the decline in HRQoL among children and adolescents, particularly in younger children and students from low SEP areas. Future research should explore the pathways by which CBOPIs impact HRQoL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}