Studies in History and Philosophy of Science最新文献_第3页

Kant on the logical form of organized being 康德论有组织存在的逻辑形式

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.006

Thomas Marré

引用次数: 0

Gauge invariance through gauge fixing 通过量规固定实现量规不变性

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.002

David Wallace

引用次数: 0

Mathematics and society reunited: The social aspects of Brouwer's intuitionism 数学与社会的结合：布劳威尔直觉主义的社会方面。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.008

Kati Kish Bar-On

{"title":"Mathematics and society reunited: The social aspects of Brouwer's intuitionism","authors":"Kati Kish Bar-On","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brouwer's philosophy of mathematics is usually regarded as an intra-subjective, even solipsistic approach, an approach that also underlies his mathematical intuitionism, as he strived to create a mathematics that develops out of something inner and a-linguistic. Thus, points of connection between Brouwer's mathematical views and his views about and the social world seem improbable and are rarely mentioned in the literature. The current paper aims to challenge and change that. The paper employs a socially oriented prism to examine Brouwer's views on the construction, use, and practice of mathematics. It focuses on Brouwer's views on language, his social interactions, and the importance of group context as they appear in the <em>significs dialogues</em>. It does so by exploring the establishment and dissolution of the significs movement, focusing on Gerrit Mannoury's influence and relationship with Brouwer and analyzing several fragments from the significs dialogues while emphasizing the role Brouwer ascribed to groups in forming and sharing new ideas. The paper concludes by raising two questions that challenge common historical and philosophical readings of intuitionism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"108 ","pages":"Pages 28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gravitational redshift revisited: Inertia, geometry, and charge 重温引力红移：惯性、几何和电荷

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.001

Johannes Fankhauser , James Read

{"title":"Gravitational redshift revisited: Inertia, geometry, and charge","authors":"Johannes Fankhauser , James Read","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gravitational redshift effects undoubtedly exist; moreover, the experimental setups which confirm the existence of these effects—the most famous of which being the Pound–Rebka experiment—are extremely well-known. Nonetheless—and perhaps surprisingly—there remains a great deal of confusion in the literature regarding what these experiments really establish. Our goal in the present article is to clarify these issues, in three concrete ways. First, although (i) Brown and Read (2016) are correct to point out that, given their sensitivity, the outcomes of experimental setups such as the original Pound–Rebka configuration can be accounted for using solely the machinery of accelerating frames in special relativity (barring some subtleties due to the Rindler spacetime necessary to model the effects rigorously), nevertheless (ii) an explanation of the results of more sensitive gravitational redshift outcomes <em>does</em> in fact require more. Second, although typically this ‘more’ is understood as the invocation of spacetime curvature within the framework of general relativity, in light of the so-called ‘geometric trinity’ of gravitational theories, in fact curvature is not <em>necessary</em> to explain even these results. Thus (a) one can often explain the results of these experiments using only the resources of special relativity, and (b) even when one cannot, one need not invoke spacetime curvature. And third: while one might think that the absence of gravitational redshift effects would imply that spacetime is flat (indeed, Minkowskian), this can be called into question given the possibility of the cancelling of gravitational redshift effects by charge in the context of the Reissner–Nordström metric. This argument is shown to be valid and both attractive forces as well as redshift effects can be effectively shielded (and even be repulsive or blueshifted, respectively) in the charged setting. Thus, it is not the case that the absence of gravitational effects implies a Minkowskian spacetime setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"108 ","pages":"Pages 19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Euclidean rigor and the curious case of the (missing) reflex angle 欧几里得严谨性与（缺失的）反射角奇案

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.002

Anand Ekbote

{"title":"Euclidean rigor and the curious case of the (missing) reflex angle","authors":"Anand Ekbote","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I examine a known case of undergeneralization in Euclid's <span><em>Elements</em></span> arising from Euclid's non-cognizance of the reflex angle. Sir Thomas Heath (1956) attributed the undergeneralization to Euclid's lack of awareness, an assessment that I dispute. Non-recognition of reflex angles also leads to Proclus' four-sided triangles which violate an essential property of triangles. I show that these issues are resolvable. However, the question as to why Euclid did not acknowledge the reflex angle remains. I claim that the best explanation is that Euclid was guided by reasons of rigor. I argue that the propositional role of <span><em>diagrammata</em></span> in Greek mathematics as expounded by Netz (1998,2003) and Euclid's view of the reliability of sense perception impose a crucial representational constraint that governs how diagrams could be used in the <span><em>Elements.</em></span> I show that the missing reflex angle, and the careful crafting of definitions in the <span><em>Elements</em></span> are evidence that the representation constraint was indeed meticulously followed, even at apparent cost. I argue that alternative explanations for the missing reflex angle are not tenable. In sum, Euclid was aware of the limitations of diagrams, and worked assiduously within their limitations to preserve rigor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"108 ","pages":"Pages 10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aesthetic Considerations in the Development of Plate Tectonics 板块构造发展中的美学考虑

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.05.004

Mariona E. Miyata-Sturm

引用次数: 0

Narratives of contingency and practices of comparing in the emergence of German molecular genetics (1958–1968) 德国分子遗传学兴起过程中的偶然性叙述和比较实践（1958-1968 年）。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.06.010

Wessel de Cock , Carsten Reinhardt

{"title":"Narratives of contingency and practices of comparing in the emergence of German molecular genetics (1958–1968)","authors":"Wessel de Cock , Carsten Reinhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article explores the emergence of molecular approaches in German genetic research during the 1958–1968 decade as a period of contingency and alternative possibilities. We introduce “Narratives of Contingency” as an analytical framework to examine how scientists construct a specific narrative - linking past experiences with expectations of future conditions - in order to outline and navigate pathway-decisions in the present.</p><p>We apply this framework to Hans-Jörg Rheinberger's developmental model of molecular genetics and illustrate how the stages he identifies - the direction of the field, institutional developments, and epistemological demarcations - were already central themes in the comparative practices underlying narratives of contingency in this early period. Narratives of contingency can thus serve as a systematic framework for analyzing the processes through which new scientific fields, institutions, and epistemic horizons emerge, and possibly also for identifying historically plausible fork moments or alternative pathways not taken.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"107 ","pages":"Pages 118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039368124001080/pdfft?md5=9915e902d5f4926159c22accf940a245&pid=1-s2.0-S0039368124001080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positivist or post-positivist philosophy of science? The left Vienna Circle and Thomas Kuhn 实证主义还是后实证主义科学哲学？左翼维也纳圈和托马斯-库恩。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.003

Joseph Bentley

{"title":"Positivist or post-positivist philosophy of science? The left Vienna Circle and Thomas Kuhn","authors":"Joseph Bentley","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The debate between the revisionist and received views of the relationship between Thomas Kuhn and logical empiricism has until now focused on the relationship between Kuhn and Rudolf Carnap. Here, I consider the relationship between Kuhn and two other members of the Vienna Circle's left-wing; Otto Neurath and Philipp Frank. It is argued that the attribution of the historical turn in philosophy of science to Kuhn obscures the historical awareness displayed in important works by members of the Vienna Circle, and thereby distorts its legacy. Both Frank and Neurath recognised the role for history in theorizing about science, and drawing upon these insights lead them to considerations of scientific theory-choice, rational disagreement, and the role of extra-scientific values in science, that anticipate those later made famous by Kuhn. It is also argued that the Left-Vienna Circle's programme for Unified Science, the replacement of traditional philosophy with a bipartite metatheory of science, provides a clearer and potentially more radical role for the history of science within the philosophy of science than Kuhn's. To reach this conclusion, it is demonstrated that some members of the Vienna Circle maintained a far less robust distinction between contexts of discovery and justification than has typically been attributed to them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"107 ","pages":"Pages 107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039368124001237/pdfft?md5=66f508b1903138c86df4de3fece39e44&pid=1-s2.0-S0039368124001237-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical concepts as goal-derived concepts 作为目标衍生概念的理论概念

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.08.004

Matteo De Benedetto

引用次数: 0

Ancient Greek laws of nature 古希腊自然法则

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.05.010

Jacqueline Feke

{"title":"Ancient Greek laws of nature","authors":"Jacqueline Feke","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The prevailing narrative in the history of science maintains that the ancient Greeks did not have a concept of a ‘law of nature’. This paper overturns that narrative and shows that some ancient Greek philosophers did have an idea of laws of nature and, moreover, they referred to them as ‘laws of nature’. This paper analyzes specific examples of laws of nature in texts by Plato, Aristotle, Philo of Alexandria, Nicomachus of Gerasa, and Galen. These examples emerged out of the closely intertwined Platonic and Pythagorean traditions, and these philosophers' texts make reference to laws of nature when describing arithmetical methods, arithmological doctrines, or medical theories. Nicomachus' laws of nature are especially noteworthy, because they have features that historians look for in the search for the origin of the modern concept of laws of nature. Nicomachus' laws of nature are mathematical, universal, and necessary. This paper raises the possibility that the ancient Platonic and Pythagorean traditions influenced the subsequent development of the idea of laws of nature in medieval and early modern Europe, including the conception of laws of nature deployed by Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"107 ","pages":"Pages 92-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003936812400058X/pdfft?md5=ba88c7f0724ed3e81ace93bb82d9a460&pid=1-s2.0-S003936812400058X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0