Studies in History and Philosophy of Science最新文献

Resisting Newton in provincial France, 1750s-1770s: Opposition from the margins to the Parisian academic community.

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.004

Marco Storni

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引用次数: 0

Not wasted on the young: Childhood, trait complexes & human behavioral ecology. 不浪费在年轻人身上：童年、特质复合体与人类行为生态学。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.011

Andra Meneganzin, Adrian Currie

{"title":"Not wasted on the young: Childhood, trait complexes & human behavioral ecology.","authors":"Andra Meneganzin, Adrian Currie","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypotheses about the evolution of multi-trait organismal features often encounter trade-offs between the precision and historical relevance of tests performed in actualistic contexts. That is, highly precise tests aimed at discriminating between competing hypotheses often incur a risk of explanatory misalignment with the historical phenomenon they target. We illustrate this via a discussion of the evolution of childhood. We argue childhood is a trait complex, consisting of multiple, diverse components: patterns of growth, feeding strategies, staggered skill acquisition, and social dependence. The potential of their independent evolution bears important consequences for the evolutionary significance of tests probing the adaptive benefits of childhood in contemporary foraging communities. Via 'isolation-testing' such investigations aim for precision at the cost of historical relevance in a potentially serious way. We suggest that integrative investigations relying on the timing and context of components' evolution, emphasizing historical relevance, frame evolutionary hypotheses more reliably than the emphasis on precise tests currently common, thus bearing a higher explanatory potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"109 ","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Population" in biology and statistics. 生物学和统计学中的 "人口"。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.014

Nicola Bertoldi, Charles H Pence

{"title":"\"Population\" in biology and statistics.","authors":"Nicola Bertoldi, Charles H Pence","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of a biological notion of \"population\" over the first century of the theory of evolution has been commented upon by a number of historians and philosophers of biology. Somewhat less commonly discussed, however, is the parallel development of the statistical concept of a population over precisely the same period, in some cases driven by the same historical actors (such as Francis Galton and R. A. Fisher). We explore here these parallel developments, first from the perspective of a reconstruction of the historical development of each concept, then with the aid of a digital analysis of a corpus of literature drawn from the journals Biometrika and JournalofGenetics, between 1900 and 1960. These twin analyses show both points of interesting overlap between these two historical trends as well as points of important divergence. The biological and statistical notions of \"population\" seem to be relatively clearly distinguishable over these six decades, in spite of the fact that a number of authors contributed clearly to both traditions. The complex interplay of continuity and discontinuity across these two notions of \"population\" makes them a particularly interesting case study of scientific conceptual change.</p>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"109 ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soft control: Furthering the case for Modified Interventionist Theory 软控制：进一步论证修正干预理论

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.004

Toby Friend

引用次数: 0

Explanatory circles 解释圈。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.005

Isaac Wilhelm

引用次数: 0

Modus Darwin redux 达尔文模式再现

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.009

Christopher Stephens

引用次数: 0

The philosophical coming of age of science. Euler’s role in Cassirer’s early philosophy of space and time 科学的哲学时代。欧拉在卡西勒早期时空哲学中的作用

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.007

Marco Giovanelli

{"title":"The philosophical coming of age of science. Euler’s role in Cassirer’s early philosophy of space and time","authors":"Marco Giovanelli","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cassirer’s early philosophy of space and time, overshadowed by his later work on relativity, has been scarcely explored in the literature. This paper aims to bridge this gap. It argues that understanding Cassirer’s point of view requires acknowledging the pivotal role he attributed to the work of Leonhard Euler in the philosophical ‘coming of age’ of modern science. Against the Leibniz-Berkeley <em>philosophical</em> plea for the relativity of all motion, Euler objected that if Newton’s absolute space and time did not exist, the principle of inertia would be come meaningless and with it a <em>scientific</em> theory of motion. According to Cassirer, Kant took a step beyond Euler by shifting the focus from the <em>existence</em> of space and time as ‘things’ to their <em>function</em> as necessary ‘conditions’ of the possibility of mechanics. In the nineteenth century, it became clear that Newton’s absolute space and time entail more structure than necessary. Nevertheless, according to Cassirer, the Euler-Kant insight still holds: a geometric structure serving as an inertial structure is the <em>condicio sine qua non</em> of a coherent theory of motion, including general relativity. This paper concludes that Cassirer came close to defending a sort of ‘inertial functionalism’ dressed in neo-Kantian garb.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"108 ","pages":"Pages 55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Freud, bullshit, and pseudoscience 弗洛伊德、废话和伪科学

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.003

Michael T. Michael

引用次数: 0

Kant on the logical form of organized being 康德论有组织存在的逻辑形式

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.09.006

Thomas Marré

引用次数: 0

Gauge invariance through gauge fixing 通过量规固定实现量规不变性