{"title":"On the \"direct detection\" of gravitational waves.","authors":"Jamee Elder","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsa.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, I provide an account of direct (vs. indirect) detection in gravitational-wave astrophysics. In doing so, I highlight the epistemic considerations that lurk behind existing debates over the application of the term \"direct\". According to my analysis, there is an epistemically significant distinction between direct and indirect detections in this context. Roughly, our justification for trusting a direct detection depends mainly on the reliability of instruments that are under our control, rather than on the reliability of our models of separate target systems. In contrast, indirect detections rely on confidence in such models. Overall, this paper solves a puzzle about what counts as a \"direct\" detection of gravitational waves in a way that is true to scientific usage, and (more importantly) both philosophically precise and epistemically perspicuous. Having done so, this paper provides a foundation for a broader project of analyzing the epistemic situation of (gravitational-wave) astrophysics.</p>","PeriodicalId":49467,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","volume":"110 ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Science","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2025.01.002","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
In this paper, I provide an account of direct (vs. indirect) detection in gravitational-wave astrophysics. In doing so, I highlight the epistemic considerations that lurk behind existing debates over the application of the term "direct". According to my analysis, there is an epistemically significant distinction between direct and indirect detections in this context. Roughly, our justification for trusting a direct detection depends mainly on the reliability of instruments that are under our control, rather than on the reliability of our models of separate target systems. In contrast, indirect detections rely on confidence in such models. Overall, this paper solves a puzzle about what counts as a "direct" detection of gravitational waves in a way that is true to scientific usage, and (more importantly) both philosophically precise and epistemically perspicuous. Having done so, this paper provides a foundation for a broader project of analyzing the epistemic situation of (gravitational-wave) astrophysics.
期刊介绍：
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science is devoted to the integrated study of the history, philosophy and sociology of the sciences. The editors encourage contributions both in the long-established areas of the history of the sciences and the philosophy of the sciences and in the topical areas of historiography of the sciences, the sciences in relation to gender, culture and society and the sciences in relation to arts. The Journal is international in scope and content and publishes papers from a wide range of countries and cultural traditions.
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