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The psychology of virality. 病毒式传播心理学。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.014
Steve Rathje, Jay J Van Bavel
{"title":"The psychology of virality.","authors":"Steve Rathje, Jay J Van Bavel","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Why do some ideas spread widely, while others fail to catch on? Here, we review the psychology of information spread, or the psychology of 'virality'. Similar types of information tend to spread in many contexts, both online and offline. This is likely because similar psychological processes drive information spread across contexts. We explain how these psychological processes interact with structural features of information environments, including norms, networks, and incentive structures. Surprisingly, widely shared content is often not widely liked, a phenomenon called 'the paradox of virality'. We discuss the strengths and limitations of the information-as-virus metaphor. We also discuss future directions for the field, such as leveraging recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) to better understand how information spreads across cultures and contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacological enhancement of fear extinction. 恐惧消除的药理增强。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.011
Brett J Davis, Benjamin M Rosenberg, Matthew G Kearney, Michael Treanor, Michelle G Craske, Tom J Barry
{"title":"Pharmacological enhancement of fear extinction.","authors":"Brett J Davis, Benjamin M Rosenberg, Matthew G Kearney, Michael Treanor, Michelle G Craske, Tom J Barry","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacological agents theorized to modulate fear extinction could enhance treatments for anxiety and trauma-related disorders, but fear conditioning and treatment studies testing these agents often yield null or conflicting results. We review principles of extinction learning relevant to the design of studies that test pharmacological enhancements of extinction. We then critically review the methodologies of existing studies for three pharmacological agents [d-cycloserine (DCS), glucocorticoids (GCs), and L-DOPA] with respect to key learning principles. While each agent has promising support in rodent models, many human studies are not designed to adequately detect an agent's effects on extinction learning. We provide specific recommendations, informed by these learning principles, for future study designs that may clarify whether, how, and under what conditions agents impact extinction.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attentional sampling resolves competition along the visual hierarchy. 注意抽样解决了视觉层次上的竞争。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.004
Daniele Re, Flor Kusnir, Ayelet N Landau
{"title":"Attentional sampling resolves competition along the visual hierarchy.","authors":"Daniele Re, Flor Kusnir, Ayelet N Landau","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Navigating the environment involves engaging with multiple objects, each activating specific neuronal populations. When objects appear together, these populations compete. Classical attention theories suggest that selection involves biasing one population over another. Recent research shows that perception fluctuates over time at ~8 Hz for single-object attention and 4 Hz for two-object attention, possibly because of the division of the 8-Hz rhythm between competing objects. This opinion surveys these fluctuations, coined 'attentional sampling,' across the visual hierarchy. We propose that sampling is a selection mechanism that negotiates neuronal competition. It manifests as early as eye channels and extends to complex features higher in the visual hierarchy. We discuss the cognitive significance of this mechanism and its potential neuronal implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Looking deeper into the algorithms underlying human planning. 深入研究人类规划背后的算法。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.006
Ionatan Kuperwajs, Evan M Russek, Marcelo G Mattar, Wei Ji Ma, Thomas L Griffiths
{"title":"Looking deeper into the algorithms underlying human planning.","authors":"Ionatan Kuperwajs, Evan M Russek, Marcelo G Mattar, Wei Ji Ma, Thomas L Griffiths","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans possess a remarkable ability to form sophisticated multi-step plans even in complex environments. In this review article, we consider efforts that attempt to characterize the mechanisms underlying human planning using a computational framework, primarily focusing on methods that search a tree of possible solutions. These studies range from experimental probes for heuristics that people employ while thinking ahead to normative models for reducing the computational costs of planning. Additionally, we examine the recent successes of artificial intelligence in the domain of planning and how these innovations can be applied to better understand human sequential decision-making. As examples, we highlight this approach in two tasks that require planning many steps into the future, namely 4-in-a-row and chess.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144568034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The unfathomable richness of seeing. 视觉的深不可测的丰富。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.001
Andrew M Haun, Giulio Tononi
{"title":"The unfathomable richness of seeing.","authors":"Andrew M Haun, Giulio Tononi","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many hold that visual experience is sparse and its richness illusory, relying on high-level summaries rather than detailed content. However, we argue here that seeing is more than this - it is unfathomably rich. We distinguish three levels of visual phenomenology: high level object and scene categorizations; mid-level feature groupings; and a fundamental spatial field composed of spots and their spatial relations. Crucially, we argue that seeing objects requires seeing the groupings that compose them, and that seeing groupings requires seeing the spatial field that grounds them. Even the most basic feeling of spatial extendedness implies rich phenomenal structure. It follows that much of what we see cannot be used, reported, or remembered. And yet we see it.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
And yet, the hippocampus codes conjunctively. 然而，海马体是联合编码的。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.013
Luca D Kolibius, Sheena A Josselyn, Simon Hanslmayr
{"title":"And yet, the hippocampus codes conjunctively.","authors":"Luca D Kolibius, Sheena A Josselyn, Simon Hanslmayr","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structure uncovered: understanding temporal variability in perceptual decision-making. 揭示结构：理解感性决策的时间变异性。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.003
Anne E Urai
{"title":"Structure uncovered: understanding temporal variability in perceptual decision-making.","authors":"Anne E Urai","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of perceptual decision-making typically present the same stimulus repeatedly over the course of an experimental session but ignore the order of these observations, assuming unrealistic stability of decision strategies over trials. However, even 'stable,' 'steady-state,' or 'expert' decision-making behavior features significant trial-to-trial variability that is richly structured in time. Structured trial-to-trial variability of various forms can be uncovered using latent variable models such as hidden Markov models and autoregressive models, revealing how unobservable internal states change over time. Capturing such temporal structure can avoid confounds in cognitive models, provide insights into inter- and intraindividual variability, and bridge the gap between neural and cognitive mechanisms of variability in perceptual decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A neurocomputational account of motivated seeing. 有动机的观看的神经计算解释。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.005
Haena Kim, Ian C Ballard, Yuan Chang Leong
{"title":"A neurocomputational account of motivated seeing.","authors":"Haena Kim, Ian C Ballard, Yuan Chang Leong","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Do goals, beliefs, and desires affect visual experience? This question has long been controversial in cognitive science. There exists extensive literature documenting motivational effects on perceptual reports, but these findings could reflect biases in what people report seeing rather than what they see. Here, we propose that examining the underlying neurocomputational processes can provide new perspectives on this longstanding debate. We review evidence suggesting that motivation biases both perception and action, but does so via distinct neural systems: amygdala and locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) activity enhances sensory representations for desirable stimuli, while striatal dopamine biases action selection toward goal-congruent actions. The neurocomputational approach provides a framework to advance a mechanistic understanding of motivated seeing and how these biases are shaped by context.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Where is my mind? A neurocognitive investigation of mind blanking. 我的思想在哪里？大脑空白的神经认知研究。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.02.002
Thomas Andrillon, Antoine Lutz, Jennifer Windt, Athena Demertzi
{"title":"Where is my mind? A neurocognitive investigation of mind blanking.","authors":"Thomas Andrillon, Antoine Lutz, Jennifer Windt, Athena Demertzi","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During wakefulness, our thoughts transition between different contents. However, there are moments that are seemingly devoid of reportable content, referred to as mind blanking (MB). It remains unclear what these blanks represent, highlighting the definitional and phenomenological ambiguities surrounding MB. We map out MB in terms of its reportable expressions, neurophysiology, and relationship to adjacent phenomenology, including meditative practices and sleep. We propose a mechanistic account linking MB to changes at the physiological, neural, and cognitive levels. We suggest that ongoing experiences are characterized by degrees of richness, and that contentless events represent distinct mental states with their own diversity. We encourage future research to acknowledge MB as a reportable mental category, leading to a comprehensive understanding of ongoing experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"600-613"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictive coding: a more cognitive process than we thought? 预测编码：一个比我们想象的更认知的过程？
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.01.012
Kaitlyn M Gabhart, Yihan Sophy Xiong, André M Bastos
{"title":"Predictive coding: a more cognitive process than we thought?","authors":"Kaitlyn M Gabhart, Yihan Sophy Xiong, André M Bastos","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In predictive coding (PC), higher-order brain areas generate predictions that are sent to lower-order sensory areas. Top-down predictions are compared with bottom-up sensory data, and mismatches evoke prediction errors. In PC, the prediction errors are encoded in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of sensory cortex that feed forward. The PC model has been tested with multiple recording modalities using the global-local oddball paradigm. Consistent with PC, neuroimaging studies reported prediction error responses in sensory and higher-order areas. However, recent studies of neuronal spiking suggest that genuine prediction errors emerge in prefrontal cortex (PFC). This implies that predictive processing is a more cognitive than sensory-based mechanism - an observation that challenges PC and better aligns with a framework we call predictive routing (PR).</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"627-640"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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